JPS62130149A - Machine tool having function of managing coolant and air blow - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To aim at sustaining the accuracy of machining during unmanned automatic operation, by providing pipe line pressure detecting switches in the vicinity of a coolant nozzle and an air-blow nozzle, and by providing a means for issuing an alarm when the pressure exceeds a set value. CONSTITUTION:A coolant nozzle 7 and an air blow nozzle 8 are arranged in the vicinity of a cutting tool 6, and a coolant tank 10 is provided communicated through a chip receiving pan 9. Pressure switches 16, 21 which may set upper and lower limit pressures to be detected, are disposed in pipe lines 15, 16 for the coolant nozzle 7 and the air blow nozzle 8, respectively. If each of the nozzles is blocked with chips or the like and therefore, the pressure in the associated pipe line is increased to exceed a set pressure, a control device issues an alarm. With this arrangement, a countermeasure is made before a failure occurs, and therefore, it is possible to safely carry out even automatic operation. Further, it is possible to detect contamination in the coolant tank 10 by detecting the pressure difference between a top surface air nozzle 26 and a bottom surface air nozzle 22 in the coolant tank 10, and therefore, a suitable countermeasure may be made thereto.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool that can comprehensively manage the coolant function and air blow function of the machine tool.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In machine tools of the prior art, particularly lathes, machining centers, and grinding machines, coolant fluid is supplied in order to suppress temperature increases in the machining parts of workpieces and tools and to improve cutting conditions. Air blowing is also performed when generated chips accumulate in the machining area and become an obstacle to machining.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention If the operator is occupied during processing by applying coolant, air blowing, etc., the abnormality will be discovered early and the obstruction will be removed, so product defects will rarely occur.

However, as unmanned autonomous driving has become widespread in recent years, even minor accidents can lead to many product defects and large losses. The coolant nozzle may become clogged with chips, reducing the amount of coolant discharged, or the pipe line may be crushed by an external factor, making it difficult for the liquid to pass through, creating a hole and leaking, or the coolant pump strainer becoming clogged, causing the liquid to leak. Situations may also occur where a sufficient runt effect cannot be obtained because the runt is not sent out. Further, due to contamination of the coolant fluid, the coolant performance deteriorates, and the coolant effect is insufficient, leading to poor cutting conditions and product defects.

Means for Solving the Problem A coolant nozzle 7 and an air blow nozzle 8 are installed on the tool rest member or the spindle head member toward the machining area near the tool 6, and A first air nozzle 22 that opens laterally near the bottom and a second air nozzle 26 that opens laterally near the bottom of the liquid are provided in the chamber 10b, and the coolant nozzle 7
A first pressure switch 16 is provided which can set upper and lower detection limits and output a signal for detecting the pressure in the pipe from the coolant pump 13 communicating with the air blow nozzle 8. A second pressure switch is provided to detect the pressure in the pipe and output a signal, and a third pressure switch 25 is provided to detect the pressure in the pipe from a pressure source communicating with the first air nozzle 22 and output a signal. A first pressure regulating valve 24 is provided to adjust the discharge pressure, and a fourth pressure switch 29 which detects the pressure in the pipeline from the pressure source communicating with the second air nozzle 26 and outputs a signal adjusts the discharge pressure. A second pressure regulating valve 28 is provided.

Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

The case of a lathe will be explained by way of example.0 A main spindle 3 having a chuck 2 holding a workpiece W fitted at its front end is rotatably supported on a headstock l on a bed (not shown), and a saddle (not shown) on the bed The tool rest 4 is placed on the upper horizontal feed stand,
It is provided to be movable in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. A turret 5 on which a plurality of tools 6 are attached is provided on the tool rest 4 so as to be able to rotate and index, and a coolant nozzle 7 and an air blow nozzle 8 are provided for each tool or common to all tools toward the machining area. It is installed in one place. There is a chip receiving tray 9 on the underside of the bed, and a coolant liquid flowing back from the chip receiving tray 9 on the back side.

A coolant tank 10 connected to receive chips is installed. The chip receiving tray 9 is inclined toward the coolant tank 10, and a coolant nozzle 18 is installed at the highest position along the lengthwise direction of the receiving plate, and a plurality of discharge holes are drilled toward the disk surface on its side. It is set up. The coolant tank 10 is generally divided into several chambers on the liquid inflow side and the liquid discharge side, and three chambers in this example.The coolant liquid flows into the first chamber 10a from the chip receiving tray 9, where heavy objects such as chips are removed. The liquid that has undergone primary precipitation and overflowed on the partition plate 1) is transferred to the second chamber 1.
0b, where the fine particles are precipitated for a second time, and the partition plate 1
The liquid flows into the third chamber 10c from the opening at the bottom of 2. A coolant pump 13 is installed on the top plate of the third chamber, and a strainer 14 is attached to its suction pipe port.

A pipe line 15 connects to the tool rest 4 from the discharge port of the coolant pump 13.
coolant nozzle 7 from the center or side of the turret 5.
is connected to. A pressure switch 16 is installed at a position as close as possible to the coolant nozzle 7 to detect the pressure inside the pipe and to set the upper and lower limits of the detected pressure. Output to the control device. The pipe line 17 branched into the pipe line 15 communicates with a coolant nozzle 18, and if necessary, the same pressure switch notch is installed near the coolant nozzle. Pipe line 1 communicating from the pressure air source to the air nozzle 8
A pressure switch 21 is provided near the air blower nozzle 8 of No. 9 to arbitrarily set upper and lower detection pressure limits and to detect the pressure in the conduit 19, and its detection signal can be controlled. Ii device. A switching valve 20 is provided in the middle of the conduit 19 so that pressurized air for air blowing can be sent if necessary. In the second chamber 10b, an air nozzle 22 is installed horizontally near the bottom of the chamber so as to discharge air horizontally, and communicates with a conduit 23 branched from the conduit 19 before the switching valve 20, with a pressure regulating valve in the middle. 24 is provided to adjust the discharge pressure from the nozzle, and the pipe line 23
A pressure switch 25 is provided to detect the internal pressure, and a pressure detection signal is continuously sent to the control device. In addition, an air nozzle 26 is installed horizontally near the lower surface of the liquid so that air can be discharged horizontally, and communicates with a pipe line 27 branched from the pipe line 19 in front of the switching valve 20, so that the discharge pressure from the nozzle can be set at any desired pressure. A pressure regulating valve 28 is provided to adjust the discharge pressure from the nozzle, and a pressure switch 29 is provided to detect the discharge pressure, and the pressure detection signal is continuously sent to the control device.

The working pressure switch 16.21 is set with the upper and lower detection limits set to predetermined values determined through experiments, and the pressure regulating valve 24.28 is
Adjust the discharge pressure from the air nozzles 22 and 26 with , put the machine into operation, and set the tool post 4 on the X and Y axes. l
? When the cutting position of the workpiece is approached, the coolant pump 13 is operated and coolant liquid is discharged from the coolant nozzle 7 through the pipe I5. Also, pressurized air is sent from a pressure air source, and the regulated air is sent to the air nozzle 22.
26, and is discharged into the liquid at the bottom of the second chamber tab, near the surface below the liquid level. Also, the switching valve 20 is switched as necessary to blow out air from the air blow nozzle 8.

Cutting is performed in this condition, but if chips wrap around the coolant nozzle 7 and the discharge port is blocked, the pressure inside the pipe increases and when the pressure exceeds the set value, a detection signal is output and sent to the control device to issue an alarm. to stop the machine. In addition, if the inlet of the strainer 14 is clogged or the pipe line is crushed or damaged, the coolant will not flow out and the pressure inside the pipes will drop and reach the lower limit setting, when the pressure switch 16
A detection signal is sent to the control device and an alarm is issued. Similarly, if the air blow nozzle 8 is obstructed by chips or the like, the pressure inside the pipe will increase, and when it reaches the upper limit setting, a detection signal will be output from the pressure switch 21, and if the pipe line 19 is damaged or the pressure air source is When the pressure decreases and reaches the lower limit set value, a detection signal is sent from the pressure switch 21 to the control device and an alarm is issued. When machining is carried out for a long time, large chips and dirt are removed by settling in the first chamber 10a, but the coolant liquid returned to the coolant tank 10 gradually becomes dirty and fine chips float in the second chamber 10b. As time passes, the oil settles and becomes sludge, which accumulates on the bottom and floats to the upper layer.As this condition progresses, the dirt flows through the air nozzle 22 installed at the bottom.
This appears as a change in the discharge pressure of the air discharged from the air nozzle 26 provided below the water surface, and based on the pressure detection signal sent from the pressure switch 25.29, the controller controls the air nozzle 22 at the bottom and the air nozzle below the liquid surface. The degree of contamination is determined based on the difference in the discharge pressures of 26 or the change value thereof, and an alarm is issued.

Note that when detecting by periodically discharging pressurized air from the air nozzles 22 and 26 by providing switching valves in the pipes 23 and 27, the coolant liquid is not constantly stirred, so that the adverse effect on the cutting conditions is reduced.

effect As detailed above, the present invention relates to a coolant nozzle.

An in-pipe pressure detection switch is installed near the air blow nozzle, and an air nozzle and a nozzle discharge pressure adjustment valve are installed at the bottom of the coolant tank and below the liquid level to compare the in-pipe pressure and the set value and detect the pressure difference between both nozzles in the coolant tank. Since it is now possible to judge the change value, situations such as temperature rise due to coolant fluid or machining under bad cutting conditions due to contamination of coolant do not occur, and high machining accuracy can be achieved and expensive materials can be processed. This has the effect of eliminating the fear of defective parts and allowing the processing of ultra-precision parts to be carried out with peace of mind.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings are explanatory diagrams of the present invention. 7.18...Coolant nozzle

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a machine tool, a coolant nozzle and an air blow nozzle are installed in the tool rest member or spindle head member toward the processing area near the tool that processes the workpiece, and the coolant nozzle and air blow nozzle are installed in the chamber in front of the coolant pump strainer of the coolant tank at the bottom. A first air nozzle that opens laterally near the liquid surface and a second air nozzle that opens laterally near the liquid level are provided, and upper and lower limit detection values for detecting the pressure in the pipe from the coolant pump communicating with the coolant nozzle are provided. A first pressure switch is provided that outputs a setting signal, and a second pressure switch is provided that detects the pressure in the pipeline from a pressure source communicating with the air blow nozzle and outputs a signal, and the second pressure switch communicates with the first air nozzle. A third pressure switch that detects the pressure in the conduit from the pressure source and outputs a signal and a first pressure regulating valve that adjusts the discharge pressure are provided, and the pressure in the conduit from the pressure source communicating with the second air nozzle is provided. It is equipped with a fourth pressure switch that detects pressure and outputs a signal, and a second pressure adjustment valve that adjusts the discharge pressure, and compares it with a set value provided for each pressure switch,
A machine tool having a coolant and air blow management function, which detects nozzle abnormalities, pipe line abnormalities, coolant fluid contamination, and contamination levels by comparing the degree of change.