JPS62123497A - Musical sound signal generator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a musical tone signal generating device, and in particular to a waveform memory reading method in which a musical tone signal is generated by reading out a waveform memory that stores information on Kuriishi waveforms. This invention relates to an improvement of a musical tone signal generating device.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a musical tone signal generating apparatus using a waveform memory reading method, there is one described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,515,792. In this device, a musical tone signal is generated by repeatedly reading out a waveform memory that stores musical waveforms for one cycle.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the waveform of the musical sound signal generated by this method is always the same (the same musical sound waveform is repeated), so the musical sound signal becomes very monotonous, resulting in a complex musical sound whose timbre changes over time, similar to the sound of a natural instrument. It was impossible to get a signal.

Therefore, in order to improve this point, we created a musical sound waveform for multiple periods in the attack part of a musical sound and a sustain part (sustain part).
The musical sound waveform of the attack section is stored in the waveform memory, and the musical sound waveform of the attack section is sequentially read out when a musical sound generation start command is issued (key is pressed), and then the musical sound waveform of the sustain section is read out by the generation of a musical sound generation end command (key released). A musical tone signal generating device has been proposed which generates a musical tone signal by repeatedly reading out the musical tone signal until the end of the period (US Pat. No. 3,539,701). According to this improved musical tone signal generation device, it is possible to generate musical tone signals whose timbre and the like change over time. However, in the case of this improved device, reading of the waveform memory completely stops when a musical tone generation end command is generated (key released), so no musical tone signal is generated after the key is released. There is a problem in that it is not possible to express the lingering pronunciation after the key is released, which is important in natural instruments such as.

This invention has been made in view of the above points, and the timbre, etc. changes over time from the generation of a musical sound generation start command to a predetermined time after the generation of a musical sound generation end command, and the key release characteristic of a natural musical instrument is It is an object of the present invention to provide a musical tone signal generating device capable of generating a high-quality musical tone signal that can effectively express subsequent lingering pronunciation.

[Means for solving problems]

According to the musical tone signal generating device according to the present invention, the first waveform memory portion sequentially stores information about a plurality of periods of waveforms in the attack portion of a musical tone in each address, and the information about waveforms for a plurality of periods of a musical tone. A waveform memory consisting of a second waveform memory section that sequentially stores information about multiple cycles of waveforms in the decay portion of a musical tone at each address, and a third waveform memory section that sequentially stores information about multiple cycles of waveforms in the decay portion of musical tones, and a waveform memory section that stores musical tone generation start commands. As a result of the generation, each address of the first waveform memory portion is designated sequentially from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and the waveform information stored in each address is sequentially read out, and the reading of the final address of the first waveform memory portion is completed. After that, each address in the second waveform memory section is sequentially and repeatedly designated from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and the waveform information stored in each address is sequentially and repeatedly read out. When the reading of the final address of the second waveform memory part is completed, the third
The waveform information stored in each address is sequentially specified by sequentially specifying each address of the third waveform memory section from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and after the reading of the final address of the third waveform memory section is completed, the and a waveform memory readout device that executes a process of stopping the readout operation, and generates a musical tone signal based on waveform information read from the first, second, and third waveform memory portions, respectively. That is.

[For production]

According to such a musical tone signal generation device, when a musical tone generation command is issued, the waveform of the attack portion is first successively outputted from the first waveform memory portion, and then the waveform of the step number period portion of the musical tone is sequentially outputted from the second waveform memory portion. When there is a command to end musical tone generation, the waveform of the decay portion is successively generated, and a musical tone signal is generated based on these waveforms. Therefore, it is possible to produce tones that change over time and pronunciation with a lingering sound.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a musical tone signal generating device to which the present invention is applied, which generates a musical tone signal by reading out multiple periods of waveforms from a waveform memory for each of the attack, sustain, and decay portions of a musical tone. It happens.

According to this embodiment, each addresser A D s
l' A D 82. Three types of waveform memories WM81.AD addressed by s3. WM82. CO equipped with WM83. The first waveform memory WM81 stores musical sound waveform information for the number of steps in the attack part of a musical tone, and the second waveform memory WMF, 2 stores the necessary musical sound waveform information for one cycle or an integral multiple thereof. The third waveform memory WM83 stores musical waveform information for a plurality of cycles in the decay portion of a musical tone. Therefore, the first waveform memory W M8. After reading the attack part waveform from the second waveform memory WM82, the sustain part waveform is repeatedly read from the second waveform memory WM82 according to the duration of the sustain, and after the readout of the second waveform memory WM82 is completed, the third waveform is read out from the second waveform memory WM82. The delay part waveform is read out from the memory WMG a, and the adder SMG is added as appropriate.
A musical tone signal is output via the .

Note that in this embodiment, the waveform memory WM80. W
It is assumed that attack and decay envelopes are given to the attack part waveform and decay part waveform respectively stored in M83.

Next, the structure and operation of this example will be clarified while explaining the process by which musical tone signals are generated by this example.

Figure 2 shows various control signals (musical sound generation start command signal, musical sound generation end command signal) for controlling the generation of musical sound signals when the above musical sound signal generation device is used in an electronic keyboard musical instrument.
This shows a keyboard device that generates a musical tone signal, and since it is used in the musical tone signal generating device shown in FIG.
Let me explain this keyboard device. In the same figure,
Although a circuit for one key switch SW is shown for convenience of explanation, it goes without saying that a similar circuit may actually be employed for all or some keys on the keyboard.

When the key switch KSW is closed or opened by key operation? By the action of t[E, the key switch K SW
A key press signal A as shown in FIG. 3(a) appears at one end of the key switch KSW in response to opening and closing of the key switch KSW. The key press signal A generated in this manner is converted into a pulse signal having opposite polarities when the key is pressed and when the key is released, by a differentiating circuit comprising R1 and a capacitor C1. Of this pulse signal, the pulse corresponding to key release (No. 2 is connected to diode D
1 to obtain a key press pulse KD (musical tone generation start command signal) shown in FIG. 3(C). Further, this pulse KD is inverted by an inverter INV to form an inverted key press pulse KD (FIG. 3(d)).

Further, when the key is pressed, an inverted key press signal A obtained by inverting the key press signal A by an inverter INV2 is generated by a differentiating circuit consisting of a capacitor C2 and a resistor R2, in the same manner as that obtained by the above differentiating circuit (C, , R1). A pulse signal corresponding to the key release is obtained, and a pulse signal corresponding to the key press is sent to the diode D.
2 to click 1, and a key release pulse KR (musical tone generation end command signal) as shown in FIG. 3 (e) is obtained.

When the key press pulse KD described in FIG. 2 is generated by a key press operation, the flip-flop FF81 is set and continues to send out the Q output. For this reason, the AND circuit AND8
, a clock pulse φ of a predetermined period is sent to the addresser A via
The addresser AD81 addresses the aforementioned waveform memory WM81 and sequentially reads out the attack portion waveforms stored in the memory WM8. Addresser A
When D8□ sends out the last bit output, flip-flop FF81 is reset, which causes addresser A
Clock pulse φ is no longer input to D s t,
Reading of the waveform memory WMa□ is completed.

Here, the addresser AD at can be configured with a counter and a decoder, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, and the contents of the counter are cleared by the key press pulse KD before starting counting. Another addresser A D 82 used in this example.

The AD83 can also have a similar configuration.

The waveform memory WM81 can be configured with a ROM or the like, and the other waveform memory W in this embodiment
A similar configuration 82' can be applied to MWMsa as well.

Next, reading of the first waveform memory WM8, which stores waveforms for a plurality of cycles of the attack portion, is completed.

When the final bit output of addresser AD81 is sent out,
This output is used as a signal IMF for resetting the flip-flop FF81 and driving the addresser AD a 2 that addresses the second waveform memory WM82.

That is, when the reading of the multi-cycle waveform of the attack portion from the first waveform memory WM81 is completed, the signal IM
D-type flip-flop FF82 is set by F via OR circuit OR8□, and AND circuit AND82
Under the input condition, the output of the flip-flop FF8□ is self-held, and the addresser A D 82 is driven by the clock pulse φ of a predetermined period via the AND circuit AND83, and the contents of the waveform memory WM82 are read out. Here, the AND circuit AND820 manual condition is formed by the inverted key press pulse KD and the inverted output DF of the final bit output DF of the third atto L nosser A D g a by the inverter I N V 82 (in this case, KD , DF are both “1”). However, the AND circuit A N D
, and the output of the AND circuit AND84 is used as the input. The inputs of this AND circuit AND s4 are the Q output of the flip-flop FF and the output of the inverter INV81, and since the output of the inverter NV8□ is "1" when the key is pressed, as will be described later, the output of the flip-flop FF is
When the Q output of "]" is sent out from F82, the logical condition of the AND circuit AND8284 is satisfied.

In this way, reading 2 of the second waveform memory WM82
is executed, and this reading is repeated until the key is released. Incidentally, in order to read the second waveform memory WM8□, the addresser ADa2 sends the final bit output signal 2MF to the AND circuit AND86 for each cycle of the address, but as described below, unless there is a key release operation, The AND condition of AND circuit A N D 8G does not hold.

Next, when a key release pulse KR is generated in response to a key release operation, it is passed through an OR circuit OR8□ to a D-type flip-flop FF.
83 is set, and under the input conditions of the AND circuit AND having the same input signal as the AND circuit AND8, the output of the flip-flop FF83 is self-held, and one input of the AND circuit AND86 is generated (becomes "1"). ). Also, in this state, the addresser A D a
2 generates the final bit output signal 2MF, and when this signal 2MF (“1”) arrives at the other input of the AND circuit AND86, the AND condition of the AND circuit AND86 is satisfied, so the AND circuit AND86 outputs “1”. is sent to the D-type flip-flop FF via the OR circuit OR.
Se soto 84. This - Clipflo Tsubu FF8
4 Q output (“1” is the AND circuit A N D 8
It becomes one of the human input signals of the AND circuit AND8□ having a human input signal similar to that of 5, and causes the Q output of the flip-flop FF84 to self-hold. On the other hand, this flip-flop FF
The Q output (“1”) of 84 changes one of the input conditions of the AND circuit A N D a4 to “0” via the inverter INV.
Therefore, the AND condition of the AND circuit AND is broken, the self-holding of the flip-flop FF82 is released, and reading 1- of the second waveform memory W M s 2 is stopped. However, as can be seen from the explanation so far, the second waveform memory W N1
The reading of 82 may continue for a while after the key release pulse KR is generated (a period of time that does not cause any problem in terms of musical tone audibility).

This is because, generally, the generation of the key release pulse KR and the generation of the final bit output signal 2MF of the addresser AD 82 are not simultaneous. Moreover, the second waveform memory WM
The output of the second waveform memory WM83 must be continuous with the output of the third waveform memory WM83.
2 to the last address, and then start reading from the third waveform memory WM83.

The Q output of the flip-flop FF84, which acts to stop the reading of the second waveform memory WM8°, is as follows:
The addresser AD a 3 is driven by a clock pulse φ of a predetermined period via an AND circuit AND88, and the third
The contents of the waveform memory WM83 are read out. As mentioned above, this third waveform memory Vi' M s 3 stores the entire waveform of a plurality of cycles of the decay portion of a musical tone. When the reading of the third waveform memory WM83 is completed, the final bit output signal DF of "1" is output from the addresser A D g a, so this signal DF is sent to the inverter I.
The inverted signal DF inverted by N V 82 becomes "0", and the AND condition of the AND circuit AND87 is no longer satisfied. As a result, the flip-flop FF84 is reset and its Q output becomes 0'', so that the addresser A
Since the clock pulse φ is no longer input to Dsa, the reading of the waveform memory V, 7M83 ends (1, the generation of musical tone signals is stopped).

In addition, the above inverted signal 1) F is AND circuit A N D
BQ.

It is also input to AND83, and the flip-flops FF and FF83 are also reset when the readout of the waveform memory WMSa is completed (that is, the musical tone signal generation is completed). (Although it has already been reset when reading from the memory WM83 starts). Also, a 2-AND circuit A N D 3').

AND85. AND871: Anti-Ii key press'<Rus KI)
is input when the key is pressed (music signal generation start 1)
Flip-flop FF82. FF83. This is to reset the FF84. In this case, when the key is released, the waveform memory WM83 is read 1. When the key is pressed again while the key is being pressed (before the signal DF is generated), the inverted key press pulse KR becomes "0" and the flip-flop FF82. FF,,FF.

It will be paid cents. The kneading ensures that there is no problem with the generation of musical tone signals by pressing the 100 keys.

In the above embodiment, only a circuit corresponding to one key is shown, but it goes without saying that the same type of configuration may be adopted for all keys or some keys of an electronic musical tone. .

In other words, according to this example, immediately after a key is pressed, a tone waveform corresponding to the number of stages of the attack portion is read out from the first waveform memory WM81 and outputted via the adder V5iSM8o.
When the last address of the first waveform memory WM81 is read out, the tone waveform for the number of stage cycles of the sustain part is repeatedly read out and outputted via the adder SMSO. The second waveform memory WN182 is read out to the last address (after 7, this reading is stopped, and the musical sound waveform for multiple cycles of the decay part is read out from the third waveform memory WM83 (7 and then through the adder 5M8o). When the last address of the third waveform memory W M s 3 is read out, generation of the entire musical tone signal is completed.

In this way, the musical tone signal obtained corresponding to the output of the adder 5M8o is stored in the waveform memory WM WM in each of the attack part, sustain part, and decay part.
, multiple cycles 81'i stored in WM83
! The timbre, etc. changes over time in response to a 2-minute waveform (of course, the waveform can be made different for each cycle). In addition, a waveform memory W M g for the decay section
3. By storing waveforms corresponding to the number of cycles of the natural instrument's sound after the key is released, it is possible to effectively express the lingering sound of the natural instrument after the key is released. is obtained.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above in detail based on the embodiments, according to the present invention, the waveforms of the at-tank part, the period part, and the deity part are stored in separate memories and are sequentially output. Tones, etc. can be changed over time from the time when a musical tone is generated to a predetermined time of a musical tone generation path -j, and the lingering sound after a key is released in a natural musical instrument can be effectively achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a musical tone signal generating device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an example of a keyboard device for controlling the generation of musical tone signals when the musical tone signal generating device is used in an electronic musical instrument. FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing output signals of the device shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a specific example of the address source in the device shown in FIG. WM, WM WM83...Waveform memory, 8
1 82' A D 8t, A D 82. AD ga...
Addresser, SM 8o... Adder. Applicant's agent: Mr. Sato, Figure 2, Figure 3 (E) - 111, Figure 2, Figure 4 (H), and N City. ``N 脣 1 eyebrows 61 Relationship with the 16-person case Special applicant (407> Nippon Gakki Manufacturing Forest Company 4 Representative Director 2-3 Yumi Denwa Higashii, Marunouchi Otsu-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (211) 2321 Representative Person'-1 7th Amendment Section 8 of the "Detailed Description of the Invention" of the subject specification Contents of the amendment (1) Page 3 of the specification, lines 11 to 12, "by this method...the waveform" was changed to [, this conventional device The waveform of the musical tone signal generated in is corrected. (2) Same, page 6, line 12, lines 13-14, and line 15, ``continue'' is corrected to ``read.'' (3) Same, page 12, line 8, rKD, DF, I are corrected to rKD, DFJ. (4) Same, page 14, line 2, r (" 1 "
Correct J to f'("1") J. (5) Same, page 14, line 7, rAND34J
Correct it to AND84J. (6) Same, page 16, line 4, rAND83J
Correct it to AND85J. (7) Same, page 17, line 1, “°Ichiko Raku &” was replaced with “
"Electronic musical instruments," he corrected. (8) The statement on page 18, lines 11 to 17 is corrected as follows.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A first waveform memory portion that sequentially stores information about a plurality of periods of waveforms in the attack portion of a musical tone in each address, and a first waveform memory portion that sequentially stores information about a plurality of periods of waveforms of a musical tone in each address. a waveform memory consisting of a second waveform memory part and a third waveform memory part which sequentially stores information about a plurality of periods of waveforms in the decay part of a musical tone in each address; Each address of the waveform memory section is sequentially designated from the initial address at a predetermined speed to sequentially read out the information of the waveform stored in each address, and after the reading of the final address of the first waveform memory section is completed, the above steps are performed. Each address of the second waveform memory section is sequentially and repeatedly designated from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and the information of the waveform stored in each address is sequentially and repeatedly read out. When the reading of the final address of the waveform memory portion is completed, each address of the third waveform memory portion is sequentially designated from the initial address at a predetermined speed to sequentially read out the information of the waveform stored in each address, a waveform memory reading device that executes a process of stopping the reading operation after the reading of the final address of the third waveform memory portion is completed, A musical tone signal generating device characterized in that a musical tone signal is generated based on read waveform information.