JPS6212074B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a clutch and steering device, especially for agricultural machinery, comprising a drive part and a driven part rotatably connected to the wheels and controllable via a brake drum. It relates to a brake clutch of the type in which the brake drum is arranged between the driven part and the wheel.

Devices of the type mentioned at the outset are useful for steering mobile machines and vehicles whose wheels are not swivelable as in normal vehicles. This steering is effected by braking either the left or right wheels of the vehicle, as is known from chain-driven vehicles. Clutch and steering systems are already known which brake a wheel on one side of a vehicle and at the same time disconnect it from the drive. If it is desired to drive a curve with a very small radius using such a device, the inner wheels must be braked to a stop.
In this case, the outer driven wheels move the vehicle around the curve. In this case, the tires located on the inside are dragged along the road surface, and the steering radius becomes excessively large for the intended use, for example on steep vineyards.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the known devices and to make it possible to reduce the steering radius and thereby increase the handling of the vehicle.

In order to achieve this objective, the configuration of the present invention includes:
A planetary gear transmission for transmitting the relative rotation between the driven part of the brake clutch and the driving part to the wheels connects the brake drum of the driven part of the brake clutch to the driven gear connected to the wheel. The center gear of the planetary gear transmission is arranged unrotatably on the drive shaft, and the anchor plate of the planetary gear transmission is arranged so as to be rotatable about the drive shaft, and The connecting member is connected to the clutch jaw of the driven part of the brake clutch, and the connecting member is located on the pivot axis of the clutch jaw of the driven part and passes through a notch in the end wall of the brake drum. An intermediate gear, sized to allow relative rotation between the drum and clutch gear and carried on the anchor plate of the planetary gear transmission, meshes with the center gear on the one hand and the driven gear on the other hand.

In one embodiment of the invention, the coupling element connecting the anchor plate to the clutch jaw consists of a driver pin, and the clutch jaw is connected inwardly and pivotably to the brake drum via a decoupling fork. In another embodiment of the invention, the planetary gear transmission is covered by a bell-shaped cover connected to the anchor plate. Furthermore, the central gear has a bearing for receiving the anchor plate.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, two intermediate gears are provided and the planetary gear is one:
The transmission ratio is set to 1. A planetary gear transmission together with an anchor plate and a bell-shaped cover is arranged in the brake drum of the brake clutch. The driven gear has a bearing on its outer periphery for supporting the bell-shaped cover and a further bearing on its inner periphery for receiving the journal of the drive shaft. The driven gear is connected to a cardan joint for transmitting the rotational torque to the associated wheel.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described using the drawings.

The vehicle shown as an example in FIG. 1 has a rigid frame 20, and on the four corners of this frame are non-rotating, inelastic, low-pressure tires 21.
is located. The low pressure tires 21 are the prime mover 22
is driven by means of a transmission 23, a drive shaft 1, two clutch-steering devices 24 according to the invention, a cardan shaft 25 and a chain transmission 26. From the driver's seat 27, control of the clutch and steering system and thus of the entire vehicle takes place via a lever 28 and an associated control wire 29.

In principle, in order to drive around a curve, the tires located on the inside of each tire are brought into a low-speed rotary motion by operating the corresponding lever 28, and if the curve is steep, they are also brought into a reverse rotary motion. Steering is done. Therefore, in the case of a sharp right-hand curve, the left-hand tires are moved forward and the right-hand tires are moved backwards. In this case the steering radius is actually zero and the vehicle can actually be turned on the fly.

The structure of the clutch and steering device according to the invention is shown in FIG. A drive shaft 1 extends from a right-hand transmission (not shown). A clutch drum 2 is fixed to the drive shaft 1 with a key 30, so that the clutch drum is immovably connected to the drive shaft both in the axial and rotational directions. A brake drum 19 is arranged following the clutch drum,
This brake drum is not directly connected to the drive shaft 1. The brake drum 19 has a central tube 31 extending into the clutch drum, which central tube is provided with two flanges 32 facing each other. Two clutch jaws 3 are rotatably connected to the flange 32 via a decoupling lever 7 and pins 33, 34. The carrying pin 5 is
The clutch jaws 3 are used as a pivot point for the clutch jaws 3 that move in opposite directions. In this case, the clutch jaws 3 are pushed away from each other by the compression spring 6, and the clutch linings 4 of the clutch jaws are pressed against the clutch flange 35. I am forced to do it. The brake drum 19 is the brake belt 8
wrapped at least partially by.
The brake belt 8 is tensioned via the Bowden wire 29 and the lever 28 shown in FIG. 1, thereby slowing down the rotation of the brake drum 19 relative to the clutch drum 2 and the drive shaft 1 until it stops. It can be done.

An anchor plate 9 arranged in the brake drum 19 is firmly screwed onto a driver pin 5 which serves as a pivot point for the clutch jaw 3 and passes through an end wall 37 of the brake drum 19 . A bell-shaped cover 16 is tightly screwed onto the anchor plate 9, thereby forming a closed casing. Anchor plate 9 is ball bearing 1
0 is supported by the drive shaft 1. Furthermore, inside the anchor plate 9 are two intermediate gears 12,
13 are rotatably arranged. intermediate gear 12
meshes on the one hand with an intermediate gear 11 keyed to the drive shaft 1 and on the other hand with another intermediate gear 1
It is engaged with 3. Center gear 11, intermediate gear 1
2 and 13 are spur gears. intermediate gear 1
The intermediate gear 13, which has a thickness greater than 2, is connected to the driven gear 14, which is supported by a ball bearing 15 in the bell-shaped cover 16 and by an internally located ball bearing 36 in the journal 17 of the drive shaft 1. They are interlocking. A cardan joint 18 is attached to the driven gear 14.
is firmly fixed with screws. The Cardan joint is then connected to the drive train up to the tire 21.

A notch 38 formed in the end wall 37 of the brake drum 19 and through which the driving pin 5 passes forms a suitable arc centered on the axis of the brake drum 19, so that the brake jaw 3 equipped with the driving pin 5 is inserted into the brake drum. can be rotated slightly relative to

The functional form of the device according to the invention will now be explained: when the vehicle is traveling straight, the clutch and steering device is not activated, ie the brake belt 8 is released and the brake drum 1
Slide on 9. The force of the prime mover 22 is transmitted via the drive shaft 1 to the clutch drum 2, the clutch jaw 3 which is firmly pressed against the clutch surface 35 of the clutch drum,
Drive pin 5, anchor plate 9, driven gear 14
and to the cardan joint 18. The anchor plate 9 rotates together with the central gear 11 and the drive shaft at the same rotational speed, and the intermediate gears 12 and 13 are stationary. Therefore, the driven gear 14 also rotates at the same speed.

When the clutch and steering device is activated for steering and the brake belt 8 is pulled against the brake drum 19, this brake drum is moved against the clutch drum 2 and the clutch gear 3 in response to the tensile force exerted on the brake belt. The brakes are applied to the vehicle. Therefore, rotation is generated between the center tube 31 and the clutch jaw 3,
The clutch jaw is then pulled away from the clutch surface 35 of the clutch drum 2 by the uncoupling fork 7 against the force of the compression spring 6. This more or less decouples the clutch jaw from the clutch drum. At the same time, the anchor plate 9 is also braked via the driver pin 5, and the intermediate gears 12, 13 are braked together with this anchor plate. As a result, relative rotation is generated between the center gear 11 and the anchor plate 9, which are rotating at the rotational speed of the drive shaft 1. This relative rotation causes the intermediate gears 12 and 13 to rotate, and this rotational motion is transmitted to the driven gear 14. The direction of rotation of the driven gear 14 produced by the intermediate gears 12 , 13 is oriented opposite to the direction of rotation of the drive shaft 1 . The two rotational speeds are weighted together depending on the braking action of the brake drum 19. brake drum 1
If 9 is braked only slightly, the rotational speed of the associated tire is only slightly reduced; if it is braked relatively strongly, the associated tire is brought to a standstill. If the brake drum is braked more strongly or completely, the driven gear 14 and the associated tires are caused to rotate in the opposite direction. When the brake is completely applied, the clutch gear 3 is completely released from the clutch drum 2, and the anchor plate 9 is stopped. The rotation of the drive shaft 1 and the central gear 11 is completely caused by the rotation of the intermediate gear 1.
2 and 13, and this intermediate gear is 1:1
The driven gear 14 is rotated at the same rotational speed as the drive shaft 1 but in the opposite direction at a planetary gear transmission ratio of .

In the clutch-steering device according to the invention, a constant transmission of force between the prime mover and the tires is achieved, with complete forward and reverse power transmission to both sides of the vehicle being completely stepless and independent of each other. It is clear that this can happen. If both levers 28 are actuated simultaneously in the vehicle shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle will be immediately moved backwards without the need for actuating transmission 23. This is particularly advantageous in cases of poor agricultural conditions.

The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. For example, the brake clutch can be designed differently. For example, to disconnect the clutch gear from the clutch drum, use brake drum 1.
This may be done by an inwardly facing sliding surface on the end wall 37 of 9. The planetary gear transmission ratio can be arbitrarily selected depending on the given situation.

The device according to the invention is mounted individually for each tire and is also advantageous in the case of single-shaft machines.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle equipped with a clutch and steering device according to the present invention, and FIG.
Figure 3 is a plan view of the clutch drum taken in the direction of the arrow in Figure 2;
The figure is a plan view taken in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is a sectional view along the - line in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 is a plan view seen in the direction of arrow 6 in Fig. Figure 7 is the second
8 is a plan view taken in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2; FIG. 8 is a plan view taken in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1... Drive shaft, 2... Clutch drum, 3...
Clutch lining, 4... Clutch lining, 5
... Drive pin, 6 ... Compression spring, 7 ... Uncoupling fork, 8 ... Brake belt, 9 ... Anchor plate, 10 ... Ball bearing, 11 ... Center gear,
12 and 13... intermediate gear, 14... driven gear, 15... ball bearing, 16... bell-shaped cover,
17...journal, 18...cardan joint,
19... Brake drum, 20... Frame, 2
1...Low pressure tire, 22...Motor, 23...Transmission device, 24...Clutch and steering device, 25
... Cardan shaft, 26 ... Chain transmission, 27 ...
Driver's seat, 28... Lever, 29... Bowden wire, 30... Key, 31... Center tube, 32... Flange, 33 and 34... Pin, 35... Clutch surface, 36... Ball bearing, 37 ...End wall, 38...
Notch.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A clutch and steering device having a brake clutch having a driving part and a driven part rotationally connected to a wheel and capable of being braked via a brake drum. is arranged between the driven part and the wheel, the planetary gear transmission for transmitting the relative rotation between the driven part and the driving part of the brake clutch to the wheel 21 is arranged between the brake clutch and the driven part. - It is arranged between the brake drum 19 of the driven part of the clutch and the driven gear 14 connected to the wheel 21, and the center gear 11 of the planetary gear transmission is non-rotatably arranged on the drive shaft 1. An anchor plate 9 of the planetary gear transmission is arranged to be rotatable about the drive shaft 1 and is connected to the clutch gear 3 of the driven part of the brake/clutch via a connecting member, and the connecting member is connected to the driven part of the brake clutch. It is located on the rotation axis of the clutch jaw 3 and passes through a notch 38 in the end wall 37 of the brake drum 19.
is of a size that allows relative rotation between the brake drum 19 and the clutch gear 3, and the intermediate gears 12, 13, which are supported on the anchor plate 9 of the planetary gear transmission, are connected to the central gear 11 on the one hand and on the other hand. A clutch and steering device characterized in that it meshes with a driven gear 14. 2. The connecting member connecting the anchor plate 9 to the clutch jaw 3 consists of a driving pin 5, and the clutch jaw 3 is pivotably connected inwardly to the brake drum 19 via a decoupling fork 7. Clutch and steering device as described in Section 1. 3. Clutch and steering device according to claim 1, in which the planetary gear transmission is covered by a bell-shaped cover (16) connected to the anchor plate (9). 4. The clutch and steering device according to claim 1, wherein the central gear 11 has a bearing for receiving the anchor plate 9. 5. The clutch and steering device according to claim 1, wherein two intermediate gears 12, 13 are provided. 6. The clutch and steering device according to claim 1, wherein the planetary gear transmission is set at a transmission ratio of 1:1. 7. Clutch and steering device according to claim 1, in which the planetary gear transmission together with the anchor plate 9 and the bell-shaped cover 16 is arranged at least partially in the brake drum of the brake clutch. 8 The driven gear 14 has a bell-shaped cover 16 on its outer periphery.
4. A clutch and steering device according to claim 3, further comprising a bearing 15 for supporting the drive shaft 1 and a further bearing 17 for receiving the journal 17 of the drive shaft 1 on its inner periphery. 9. Clutch and steering device according to claim 8, in which the driven gear 14 is connected to a cardan joint for transmitting the pivoting moment to the associated wheel.