JPS6210330B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing device that automatically extinguishes a fire when the oxygen concentration in the air decreases, and the brightness or temperature at both ends of the combustion tube has a unique difference when the oxygen concentration is low. This phenomenon is applied and detected as a switch signal, force, or displacement, and the fire extinguishing mechanism is activated accordingly.

The first object of the present invention is to solve the problem of the fact that when a combustor is used for a long time in a closed room, the oxygen concentration gradually decreases and eventually incomplete combustion occurs, producing harmful gases such as CO. The purpose of this system is to automatically extinguish the fire before it occurs in large quantities, thereby preventing incomplete combustion.

A second object of the present invention is to prevent the phenomenon in which the brightness or temperature of the combustion tube becomes dark (or low in temperature) at the vaporization combustion supply end such as a lamp wick and bright (or high in temperature) at the other end when the oxygen concentration is low. It is an object of the present invention to provide a detection means that can clearly distinguish, for example, a phenomenon occurring until a stable state is reached after ignition and ignition, or a phenomenon occurring when the amount of vaporized fuel supplied is reduced. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a detection means that does not require temporarily stopping the operation of the detector at the start of normal use by detecting this phenomenon.

Another object of the present invention is to link a fire extinguishing mechanism that automatically extinguishes the fire in the event of vibrations such as an earthquake or the fall of equipment with a detector that detects the phenomenon of low oxygen concentration. This results in a fire extinguishing device capable of extinguishing fires at both times.

Below, the present invention will be explained in detail based on an example in which the present invention is applied to an oil combustor.

The figure shows an embodiment of the present invention applied to a wick-type stove that burns oil. Figure 1 is an external view of the stove 1, and the lower interior of the outer case 2 has an oil vaporization function, an ignition function, and a fire extinguishing function. It has various functional parts built-in. Further, an operation knob 3, an ignition button 4, and an extinguishing button 5 are provided on the lower front surface, and each is linked with the above-mentioned functional parts. A combustion tube 6 is placed in the center of the device, where the vaporized fuel is combusted, and the radiant heat of the combustion is radiated to the front of the device by a reflector plate 7. There is a lid 8 on the upper right side of the outer case 2, which houses a cartridge tank 9 as shown in FIG. 2, and the presence or absence of oil can be checked through a window 10 for checking the remaining amount of oil. Incidentally, reference numeral 11 denotes a safety guard provided to prevent hands, etc. from touching the high-temperature combustion cylinder 6. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the center of the stove 1 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the stove 1 with the safety guard 11 removed. 2 and 3, one embodiment of the detector 12 for detecting phenomena at low oxygen concentrations will be described. Reflector plate 7 at a height corresponding to both ends 6A, 6B of combustion tube 6
Detection holes 14A and 14B are formed in the portion to which cylindrical shields 13A and 13B are fixed. That is, when looking into the shielding plate 13 from the left side in FIGS. 2 and 3, only the lower or upper part of the combustion tube 6 is visible. Shielding bodies 13A, 13
Optical sensors 15A and 15B are attached to the left end of B at a position with a slight gap provided for the purpose of thermal insulation. The optical sensor 15 detects the brightness or temperature of both ends 6A or 6B of the combustion tube 6 via the detection holes 14A and 14B. In Figures 2 and 3, the shield 1
Although 3 shows a cylinder with a constant cross-sectional area, it may have a shape in which the side closer to the combustion tube 6 is enlarged, or a condenser lens may be built into a part thereof. However, the field of view must be limited to both ends 6A and 6B of the combustion tube 6, and the field of view of the optical sensors 15A and 15B must never overlap. These shields 13
A, 13B, detection holes 14A, 14B, optical sensor 1
A detector 12 is constituted by 5A and 15B.
The operation of this detector 12 will be explained in detail later.

Next, one embodiment of the combustion tube 6 and the lamp wick mechanism will be described with reference to the burner sectional view in FIG. 4 and the lamp wick sectional view in FIG. 5. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the combustion tube 6 is composed of a concentric triple tube consisting of an inner flame tube 16, an outer flame tube 17, and an outer tube 18, and is removably installed at the upper center of the wick mechanism, which will be described later. The inner flame tube 16 has minute inner flame holes 19 drilled on its entire surface, and a restriction plate 20 is fixed to the lower center of the tube, and the restriction plate 20 prevents combustion entering the inner flame hole 19 through the restriction hole 21. In addition to setting the air volume to an appropriate value, we aim to equalize the air flow. The outer flame tube 17 is composed of a coarse wire mesh tube, and during combustion, the outer flame tube 17 uniformly becomes red-hot over its entire circumference. The lower part of the outer flame tube 17 is supported by a lower outer flame tube 22, and the lower outer flame tube 22 is provided with an outer flame hole 23 over its entire surface. Vaporized fuel is supplied between the inner flame tube 16 and the outer flame lower tube 22, and the inner flame hole 1
9 and the air entering from the outer flame hole 23, and the inner flame tube 1
6, the outer flame lower cylinder 22, and the outer flame cylinder 17.
Therefore, the outer flame tube 17, which is made of a coarse wire mesh tube, has a small heat capacity and becomes red hot. The outer tube 18 is made of cylindrical heat-resistant glass, and radiates the red-hot radiant heat of the outer flame tube 17 to the outside. That is, the outer flame tube 17 is visible from the outside. The lower part of the outer cylinder 18 is supported by a lower outer cylinder 24. The inner flame tube 16, outer flame tube 17, and outer tube 18 are fixed to each other by a member such as a cross pin (not shown) so that their centers coincide.

Next, reference numeral 25 denotes an oil tank whose bottom part holds oil supplied from the cartridge tank 9, and a core guide cylinder 26 is erected in the center part. Further, the upper part of the oil tank 25 has a wide opening, and a burner case 27 is fixed thereto. and an inner fire pan 28 fixed to the upper end of the core guide tube 26;
It is configured to be concentric with the outer fire pan 29 fixed to the burner case 27 and to have a gap of one star. The inner flame tube 16 of the combustion tube 6 mentioned above is in contact with the inner flame pan 28, and the outer flame lower tube 22 is in contact with the outer flame pan 29, so that the combustion tube 6 is placed on top of these flame pans. There is.

The inner space of the core guide tube 26 serves as a passage for combustion air to reach the inner flame tube 16.

Next, the structure of the lamp wick 30 will be explained with reference to the burner cross-sectional view in FIG. 4 and the lamp cross-sectional view in FIG. It has an integral structure held by claws cut and raised from 31. The lower end 32 of the lamp wick 30 is made long enough so that it is always immersed in the oil at the bottom of the oil tank 25 even when the entire lamp wick moves up and down along the wick guide tube 26, and is inflated in the outer circumferential direction. ing. As shown in FIG. 5, a part of the wick 30 has a cutout 33 at a symmetrical position, in which a support piece 34 is welded to the wick support tube 31 from the outside, and a support piece 34 is welded to the wick support tube 31 from the outside. is communication board 3
5 is welded. That is, the lamp wick 30, the lamp support tube 31, the support piece 34, and the connecting plate 35 are all integrated. Further, the center of the connecting plate 35 has a vertically elongated hole, and the left end surface of the connecting plate 35 has gears (hereinafter referred to as racks) 36 arranged in a straight line. In addition, in Figure 4, communication board 3
The right end of the elongated hole in the center of No. 5 is visible.
Although this is shown as a rack 36, this is to make the explanation of the structure easier to understand, and the rack 36 is actually formed on the left end surface.

The free end of the support piece 34 is formed round and encloses a coil spring 37 therein, and the upper end of the coil spring 37 is connected to the burner case 2.
7, and a force is always applied so as to press the entire lamp wick 30 downward. In order to push the lamp wick 30 upward, it is necessary to overcome the force of the coil spring 37. This lamp wick 30 moves up and down along the wick guide tube 26, and the upper end of the wick is located in the gap between the inner fire tray 28 and the outer fire tray 29,
When the upper ends of the lamp wicks 30 are pushed upward from these fire pans and lit, combustion begins. Further, the fire will be extinguished by lowering the upper end of the wick 30 below the fire pan.

Next, a mechanism for moving the lamp wick 30 up and down will be explained. A hole is provided in the front face of the oil tank 25, and a shaft support member 38 is attached to the oil tank 25 with a gasket 39 in between, facing toward the center of the wick 30. The operating shaft 4 passes through the center of this shaft support member 38.
0, and a gear (hereinafter referred to as a pinion) 41 fixed to the left side thereof meshes with a rack 36 provided on the aforementioned connecting plate 35. 42 is the operating shaft 40
By fitting a retaining ring 43 into a groove cut on the outer periphery of the first bearing, the operating shaft is prevented from slipping off to the right in FIG. Further, a bushing 45 fitted into the fixing plate 44 becomes a second bearing of the operating shaft 40, and a seal packing 46
prevents oil leakage from the operating shaft 40.

The operating shaft 40 is supported by a first bearing 42 and a bush 45, and the shaft support member 38 and packings 39, 46 are sandwiched between a fixed plate 44 and an oil tank 25.

A pinion 41 fixed to the tip of the operating shaft 40 engages with a rack 36 provided on a connecting plate 35 that is integrated with the lamp wick 30, so as shown in FIG. 30 is lifted upwards, and when turned counterclockwise, the wick 30 is lowered. In this embodiment, since the coil spring 37 always acts in the direction of lowering the lamp wick 30, the operating shaft 40 is subjected to counterclockwise torque. Therefore, in order to hold the lamp wick 30 in the raised position, a lock that receives this torque is required. Next, the fire extinguishing mechanism 47 including these mechanisms will be explained with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, which is a front view of the fire extinguishing mechanism.

The right end side of the operating shaft 40 in FIG. 4, where the pinion 41 is not fixed, has a substantially D-shaped cross section.
Boss 48 is fitted here. There are three steps on the outer diameter side of the boss 48, and a rotation restricting piece 49 is rotatably fitted in the first step, and the free end of the rotation restricting piece 49 is as shown in FIG. bent to the left. A ratchet wheel 50 is also inserted into the step next to the boss 48 so as to be rotatable with respect to the boss 48, and its outer periphery has a pawl as shown in FIG.
A portion thereof has a first protrusion 51 in the thickness direction and a second protrusion 52 on the back side at the same position. still,
The position of the protrusion 51 in Fig. 6 and the protrusion 51 in Fig. 4
Although the positions are different, this is to make the configuration easier to understand. Next, the friction plate 53 is inserted into the boss 48, but at this position the outer shape of the boss 48 is approximately D.
The friction plate 53 is formed in a letter shape and rotates together with the boss 48. The friction plate 53 has a notch 54 on its outer periphery.
is formed, and the protrusion 51 of the ratchet wheel 50 described above is assembled at the notch 54 position. Friction plate 5
3 does not touch the boss 48 in the axial direction,
It hits the ratchet wheel 50. A spring 55 biased toward the ratchet wheel 50 acts on the friction plate 53, and the other end of the spring 55 is supported by a spring receiver 56 and further received by a stop pin 57 against the boss 48. That is,
The ratchet wheel 50 is moved between the boss 48 and the friction plate 53 by the force of the spring 55.
It is held in between. A support plate 58 whose side surface is supported by the fixed plate 44 is located above the ratchet wheel 50, and a locking plate 60 is rotatably fixed by a pin 59. The locking plate 60 has a cutout hole 61, and the outer peripheral end of the ratchet wheel 50 faces this portion. When the left free end of the locking plate 60 is downward as shown in FIG. 6, the left end of the notch hole 61 hits the pawl of the ratchet wheel 50, so the ratchet wheel 50 can be turned counterclockwise. do not have. The locking plate 60 has a notch hole 61
A hole 62 is provided on the left side of the free end side of the support plate 5.
The shaft of an inverted pendulum 63 located above the pendulum 8 passes through the hole 62, and an operating plate 64 is fixed to the lower end of the shaft. Further, reference numeral 65 is an electromagnet which acts to attract the free end of the locking plate 60 upward when energized. still,
A torsion coil spring 66 provides a force to rotate the locking plate 60 counterclockwise in FIG. 6 (in a direction in which the left free end is lowered). The function of this will be explained later. The fire extinguishing button 5 is supported by the support plate 58 at a fulcrum 67,
When the fire extinguishing button 5 is pressed down, the free end of the locking plate 60 is raised upward.

As mentioned above, rack 36, pinion 4
1. A fire extinguishing mechanism 47 is composed of an operating shaft 40, a ratchet wheel 50, a friction plate 53, a locking plate 60, an inverted pendulum 63, an electromagnet 65, and a coil spring 37. These mechanisms are not only fire extinguishing mechanisms, but also core raising mechanisms turned by the operating knob 3 during normal operation. The operating state of this mechanism will be explained using FIGS. 6, 7, and 8. FIG. 6 shows a stopped state in which the lamp wick 30 is lowered, and from this state the operating shaft 40 is moved clockwise.
When turned, the pinion 41 and rack 36 raise the wick. At this time, the claw of the ratchet wheel 50 is in the direction of lifting the locking plate 60, so rotation is possible. Approximately 270 degrees,
From the rotated position, the second
The projection 52 contacts the rotation regulating piece 49, and the rotation regulating piece 49 also rotates clockwise at the same time. When the rotation regulating piece 49 comes into contact with a stopper 44A cut and raised on the fixed plate 44 as shown in FIG. 7, the ratchet wheel 50 cannot rotate any further. Furthermore, since the claw is in contact with the left end of the notch hole 61 of the locking plate 60, it cannot be rotated counterclockwise either. That is, the force in the counterclockwise direction due to the reaction force of the coil spring 37 is transferred from the operating shaft 40 to the boss 4.
8. The information is transmitted to the ratchet wheel 50 via the friction plate 53, but since the ratchet wheel 50 is locked, the wick 30
is held in a state extending above the fire pans 28 and 29. At this position, when the lamp wick 30 is ignited with an ignition heater or the like (not shown), combustion begins. By the way, the ratchet wheel 50 cannot rotate either clockwise or counterclockwise, but since the friction plate 53 has a notch 54, it can overcome the frictional torque between the ratchet wheel 50 and the friction plate 53 and rotate in the counterclockwise direction. It is possible to rotate it to At this time, since the operating shaft 40 also rotates counterclockwise, the lamp wick 30 is slightly lowered and the combustion amount can be reduced. That is, by adjusting the height of the lamp wick 30 by the width of the notch 54, the amount of oil evaporated from the lamp wick can be changed and the amount of combustion can be adjusted.
To extinguish the fire, it is necessary to lower the wick 30 as shown in FIG. 4, and to do so, the locked ratchet wheel 50 can be released. When the extinguishing button 5 is pressed down and the left free end of the locking plate 60 is raised, the ratchet wheel 50 is unlocked, the operating shaft 40 becomes free, and the wick 30 descends all at once under the force of the coil spring 37, extinguishing the fire. do. At this time, the operating shaft 40 also rotates counterclockwise at the same time, returning to the state shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the stove 1 is automatically extinguished when it falls over or is shaken by an earthquake, and the inverted pendulum 63 tilts when it is tilted above a certain level or when it is subjected to vibrations with an acceleration above a certain level. As a result, the circular operating plate 64 fixed to the lower end of the shaft of the inverted pendulum 63 lifts the left end of the locking plate 60, so that the ratchet wheel 50 is unlocked and the wick 30 descends to extinguish the fire. The tendency angle or acceleration at which the inverted pendulum 63 enters this state depends on the height of the center of gravity of the inverted pendulum 63, the diameter of the bottom surface, the diameter of the actuating plate 64, the diameter of the hole 62 provided in the locking plate 60, and the inverted pendulum 63. It is determined by the weight of the pendulum, so it can be selected as necessary. Note that if the inverted pendulum 63 and the actuating plate 64 are circular, it is possible to have the same sensitivity to tilt or vibration in any direction. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the fire is extinguished by tilting or vibration, but when the vibration or tilt disappears, the left end of the locking plate 60 is lowered by the force of the torsion coil spring 66, and the actuating plate 6
4 can be returned to the horizontal position, and the inverted pendulum 63 can be automatically returned to its normal state. Although this torsion coil spring 66 needs a force to automatically return the inverted pendulum 63, it is relatively small compared to the impact force of the inverted pendulum 63 caused by tilting or vibration, so it is effective in preventing fire extinguishing. It won't happen. Next, when the electromagnet 65 is energized, the left end of the locking plate 60 is attracted and rises, so when the above-mentioned extinguishing button 5 is pressed down, the lamp wick 30
It is possible to extinguish a fire by lowering it all at once. In the figure, a part of the support plate 58 is used as the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet 65, but an independent electromagnet may of course be used. Alternatively, the locking plate 60 may be provided with a separate iron core to attract the iron core. In short, it is sufficient to obtain suction force that can release the locked state of the ratchet wheel 50. However, it is necessary to design the magnet so that it does not remain attracted due to residual magnetism even when no current is applied.

The above is the wick raising mechanism for raising the wick 30 and the wick 3
This is an explanation of the operation in an embodiment of the fire extinguishing mechanism 47 that extinguishes the fire by lowering the value of 0. It is well known that when the wick 30 comes out above the fire pans 28 and 29 and is ignited, it sucks up the oil from the lower part and continues combustion, so a detailed explanation will be omitted here.

Now, in the above-mentioned stove 1, the state of the combustion tube 6 from immediately after ignition until a stable combustion state is reached, and the state of the combustion tube 6 at a low oxygen concentration will be described next.
9a to 9g show the red-hot state of the combustion tube 6 under various conditions, where hatched areas on the outer cylinder 18 are not red-hot, and areas without hatching are red-hot.

Also, even in the same red-hot state, there are differences in brightness, but since they cannot be shown in the diagram, this will be explained in the following explanation.

FIG. 9a shows the state in which the ignition is not performed. FIG. 9b shows a transient state immediately after ignition until stable combustion, in which the lower part 6A near the wick 30 has started to become red hot, but the upper part 6B has not reached red heat. This is because the temperature of each part is low because it is in the rising state, and the amount of oil evaporated from the wick 30 is small, so combustion is completed at a relatively lower part between the inner flame tube 16 and the outer flame tube 17. This is because 17 is not heated. Eventually the 9th
When the stable state shown in Fig. c is reached, the amount of oil evaporation is sufficient, so that unburned petroleum gas exists above the inner flame tube 16, and it reacts with the air entering from the upper inner flame hole 19 and burns. As a result, the outer flame tube 17 becomes evenly bright and red-hot without any difference between the top and bottom. Now, if you turn the operating knob 3 counterclockwise to lower the wick 30 a little, the upper part will be dark and only the lower part will be red-hot, as shown in Figure 9b, but soon, as shown in Figure 9c. Although the brightness decreases from the stable state, it maintains an overall uniform red-hot state. Immediately after widening the range of the notch 54 of the friction plate 53 in Figure 6 and lowering the wick 30, the entire red-hot area disappears, and eventually only the lower part becomes slightly red-hot as shown in Figure 9b. state. This is because the evaporation area at the upper end of the lamp wick 30 is reduced, so that combustion is completed at the lower part of the combustion tube 6, similar to the phenomenon immediately after startup, and the temperature at which the upper part becomes red-hot cannot be maintained.

Figure 9c shows the standard state of stable combustion with an oxygen concentration of 20.8%, but if combustion continues in a closed chamber,
Eventually, the oxygen concentration in the room will decrease. According to the experimental results, as the oxygen concentration decreases, the brightness of the red-hot state of the combustion tube 6 gradually decreases. This is very similar to the above-mentioned state in which the lamp wick 30 is slightly lowered. Up to an oxygen concentration of 19%, the overall brightness remained uniform and it was still red-hot. When the oxygen concentration further decreased to 18%, the lower part stopped glowing as shown in Figure 9d. In addition, a part that does not become red-hot appears in the middle part, but when the combustion tube 6 is replaced, the location of this part may change or it may not occur.
This was not necessarily a phenomenon that occurred stably. However, the phenomenon in which the lower part ceased to become red hot always occurred even if the combustion tube 6 was replaced. Figure 9e shows the case where the oxygen concentration was 17.5%, and the lower part did not become red-hot, but only the upper part became red-hot. In Figure 9 f, when the oxygen concentration is 17%, only the upper part is slightly red hot. Furthermore, the oxygen concentration decreases
When it reached 16.5%, the entire surface became dark and no red-hot areas were present, as shown in Figure 9g. However, in the condition shown in Figure 9g, the fire was not completely extinguished, and the oxygen concentration was 15.5%.
Even when the temperature dropped to below 100, the fire did not go out and remained without any red-hot areas. In this state, when fresh air was introduced, it immediately returned to the red-hot state.

In an atmosphere with low oxygen concentration, petroleum gas evaporated from the upper end of the lamp wick 30 mixes with air entering from the inner flame hole 19 and outer flame hole 23, but due to insufficient oxygen content, only partial combustion occurs in the lower part. or incomplete combustion and cannot reach red-hot temperature. On the other hand, in the upper part, the air entering from the lower part and the air entering from the inner flame hole 19 at the upper part are combined to enable combustion, so that the red-hot temperature can be maintained. Therefore, Figure 9a
As the oxygen concentration decreases, the red-hot range is supposed to move upward, as shown at ~g.

On the other hand, when the oxygen concentration decreases, complete combustion cannot be achieved within the range of the combustion tube 6, and a portion of the gas is released as incomplete combustion gas. For example, compared to normal conditions, the ratio of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide gas, CO/CO ₂ , is
It was about three times as high as when the oxygen concentration was 17%. As indoor air pollution progresses, it is necessary to automatically extinguish the fire before it becomes dangerous. Since the amount of CO generated increases rapidly when the oxygen concentration is below 17.5%, it is preferable to extinguish the fire before this point.

By the way, as explained in FIGS. 9a to 9g, the phenomenon in which the lower part of the combustion tube 6 is dark and the upper part is red-hot is a phenomenon peculiar to low oxygen concentrations, and is a phenomenon that occurs during startup or when the wick is lowered. is the opposite phenomenon. This is convenient for activating the automatic extinguishing detector 12. Since the optical sensors 15A and 15B of the detector 12 explained in FIGS. 2 and 3 have a field of view of both ends 6A and 6B of the combustion tube 6, the oxygen concentration is reduced in the state shown in FIG. 9e. If it becomes 2
The two optical sensors are in different states. Now, the 10th extinguishing circuit is activated by the signals from these optical sensors.
Configure as shown. Here, 68 is a discriminator,
Optical sensor 15A corresponding to lower part 6A of combustion tube 6
outputs a signal indicating that the brightness is lower than that of other optical sensors 15B, and when the difference in brightness exceeds a preset value, the detection switch 69 is turned on.
work to make you As a result, the power source 7 such as a battery
0 to the electromagnet 65, the locking plate 60 is attracted as described above, the locking state of the lamp wick 30 is released, and the fire can be extinguished automatically.

It is preferable that the optical sensors 15A and 15B have high sensitivity in the red region, but since the detection method is based on the difference between the two optical sensors, malfunctions may occur due to light other than the red emitted by the combustion tube 6, such as from an indoor light. Since there is no optical sensor, common optical sensors such as photoconductors, photodiodes, and phototransistors can be used. In addition to the method of detecting brightness, it is also possible to directly detect red-hot temperature, and if an infrared non-contact temperature sensor that works in the red region and near-infrared region is used, it can be detected as a temperature difference. Although the lower part of Figure 9c is not red-hot, the temperature is high, so infrared rays are radiated. Therefore, when selecting these sensors, it is necessary to carefully examine the wavelength characteristics.

According to this embodiment, since abnormal combustion due to lack of oxygen is detected in a non-contact manner using the optical sensors 15A and 15B, the combustion tube 6 can be removed freely, and this can be carried out without significantly changing the form of the stove 1. It has the following characteristics. In addition, these optical sensors generally do not have a high upper limit for the ambient temperature in which they can be used.
As shown in FIG. 3, it can be used by providing shields 13A and 13B that are separated from the combustion tube 6 and limit the field of view. A condensing lens is used as a part of these shields 13A and 13B,
It is also possible to increase sensitivity and stabilize operation by using an optical filter that passes only light in the red region or a spectroscopic prism.

The above is one embodiment of the fire extinguishing device of the present invention,
Next, another example will be shown.

FIG. 11 shows another example of the fire extinguishing mechanism 47, and the same reference numerals as in FIG. 6 indicate the same parts, and the explanation thereof will be omitted. Here, the electromagnet 65
has a plunger 71, and a coil spring 72 for separating the plunger 71. When no current is applied, the free end of the locking plate 60 is pushed upward via the plunger 71 by the force of the coil spring 72 to release the lock. Next, a cam 73 is integrally formed in the circumferential direction on the front side surface of the friction plate 53, and a cam groove 74 is provided. Release switch 75 corresponds to cam 73
The release switch 75 is turned off by the cam groove 74 when the stove 1 is not used, that is, when the wick 30 is lowered. The extinguishing circuit shown in FIG. 11 is shown in FIG. 12. That is, the detection switch 69 is a switch that turns off when oxygen is insufficient, and the electromagnet 65, release switch 75, fire extinguishing switch 76, and power supply 70 are all connected in series. The fire extinguishing switch 76 replaces the extinguishing button 5 shown in FIG. 6, and is an automatic return type switch that turns off only when operated.

When not in use, the fire extinguishing mechanism 47 is in the state shown in Figure 11, and the release switch 75 is OFF, so the electromagnet 6
5 is also not energized. When rotated clockwise, the release switch 75 comes out of the cam groove 74 and is turned on, so that the electromagnet 65 is energized and can be locked. In other words, it is always energized during normal use. If an abnormal condition occurs due to lack of oxygen, the detection switch 69 will be turned OFF, releasing the lock and extinguishing the fire, and when manually extinguishing the fire, the fire extinguishing switch 76 can be temporarily turned OFF.

After extinguishing the fire in this way, the release switch 75 is activated.
Since it is OFF, there is no consumption of the power supply 70.
Of course, the extinguishing operation by vibration is exactly the same as in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. In the fire extinguishing circuit shown in FIG. 10, power is used only during abnormal combustion due to lack of oxygen, so the power consumption is low, but the fire extinguishing mechanism cannot be activated during a power outage or when there are no batteries. On the other hand, the fire extinguishing circuit shown in FIG. 12 requires power even during normal use, but when there is no power, it performs a safe operation of extinguishing the fire. When a battery is used as the power source 70, the battery life will be shortened if the battery continues to be consumed even during normal use. is made highly sensitive, and the plunger 71 is sucked by battery power during startup.
If the flame becomes stable after a while, the plunger 71 may be held in the attracted state by the power of the thermoelectromotive element. In this case, the battery is used only when starting up, so its lifespan is extended. It is also possible to use the procedure of manually pressing the plunger 71 in conjunction with the operation knob 3 or separately only at the time of startup, and stopping the pressing operation when the electric power of the thermoelectromotive element becomes sufficient. In this case, no batteries are required.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the detector 12. Detection holes 14A and 14B are provided in the reflector plate 7 at positions corresponding to the lower part 6A and upper part 6B of the combustion tube 6, and a heat-sensitive tube 77 is inserted through these holes and made of a high expansion metal on the outside and a low expansion metal on the inside. Temperature sensor 79 made of manufactured rod 78 with one end welded.
A and 79B will be installed. Each temperature sensor 79
In A and 79B, the heat-sensitive tube 77 is fixed to the housing 80, and the rod 78 is connected to the contact plates 81 and 82, respectively.
It is insulated and compatible. Each of the contact plates 81 and 82 is a plate spring biased to the left in the figure, and constitutes a detection switch 69 at the tip. 83 is a shielding plate that shields between the temperature sensors 79A and 79B. Incidentally, a red-hot net 6c is provided at the top of the combustion tube 6 in this embodiment, and this portion is also configured to become red-hot under normal conditions.

Since the right end of the heat-sensitive cylinder 77 of the temperature sensor 79 is fixed, as the temperature rises, the contact position with the contact plate 81 or 32 moves to the left by the expansion difference with the rod 78. Therefore, since there is no difference between the temperature sensors 79A and 79B when they are not in use and when they are in stable combustion, the detection switch 69 will not close even though the positions of the contact plates 81 and 82 change. Also, at the time of startup when only the lower part 6A of the combustion tube 6 burns red-hot,
When the combustion amount is reduced, the contact plate 81 is displaced to the left and the detection switch 69 does not close.
However, if only the upper part 6B is red hot due to lack of oxygen, the rod 78 of the temperature sensor 79B moves to the left, and the detection switch 69 closes. Assemble the fire extinguishing circuit as shown in Figure 10, and complete the fire extinguishing mechanism 4 in Figure 6.
When combined with 7, this detector 12 can extinguish a fire. The heat-sensitive cylinder 77 of the temperature sensor 79 may be arranged diametrically with respect to the combustion cylinder 6 as shown in FIG. 13, but it may also be arranged tangentially. In either case, it is preferable to use a position and shape that can easily receive radiant heat from the lower part 6A or upper part 6B of the combustion tube 6.

Next, FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the detector 12. Here, the temperature sensors 79A and 79B are composed of a detection cylinder 84 filled with liquid or gas and a bellows 85, and as the temperature rises, the bellows 85 moves to the right in the figure. The detection tube 84 is supported by the housing 80 together with the bellows 85, and passes through the detection hole 14A or 14B provided in the reflector 7, and its tip is inserted into the insertion hole 86A or 86B provided in the outer tube 18 of the combustion tube 6. The inner flame tube 16 passes through the through hole 87A or 87B provided in the outer flame tube 17.
It faces between the and outer flame tube 17. On the other hand, the bellows 85 is insulated and corresponds to the contact plate 81 or 82, respectively. 83 is a shielding plate that blocks radiant heat.

In this configuration, if the combustion cylinder 6 is in a uniform red-hot state over the top and bottom, the bellows 8 of the temperature sensor 79
5 have the same displacement, so the detection switch 6
9 never closes. When only the lower temperature decreases due to lack of oxygen, the contact plate 81 pressed by the bellows 85 moves to the left in the figure, and the detection switch 69
closes. As already mentioned, the switch signal causes the fire to be automatically extinguished.

In addition to the method of inserting the temperature sensor 79 into the combustion tube 6 from the radial direction, the temperature sensor 79 is inserted between the outer tube 18 and the outer flame tube 17 in the axial direction, and the detection tube 84 is inserted at a height of less than half the height of the combustion tube 6. There is a method of positioning the lengths at the lower part 6A and upper part 6B of the combustion tube 6, respectively.

In addition to these embodiments, there are many other methods of detecting temperature as a mechanical displacement and converting it into a switch signal as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. In short, it is sufficient if it is detected as a temperature difference, the lower part 6A of the combustion tube 6 is lower than the upper part 6B, and the switch signal is generated when the temperature difference exceeds a set amount. Of course, contrary to the switch signals shown in Figures 13 and 14, it may also be one that turns OFF when an abnormality occurs.In this case, the extinguishing circuit should be configured as shown in Figure 12.
The fire extinguishing mechanism 47 shown in FIG. 11 may be used.

FIG. 15 shows yet another embodiment of the detector 12. The temperature sensors 79A and 79B are the same, and a temperature-sensitive resistance element 89 whose resistance value changes depending on the temperature is bonded to the bottom left side of the sliding tube 88.
The sliding tube 88 itself is held in a guide tube 90 so as to be slidable left and right, and is always pressed to the left in the figure by a spring 91. These temperature sensors 79A and 79B are held in the housing 80, and when the combustion tube 6 is installed, the lower temperature sensor 79A is on the surface of the lower part 6A of the combustion tube 6, while the upper temperature sensor 79B is on the surface of the lower part 6A of the combustion tube 6. Upper part 6 of tube 6
They are each pressed against the surface of B by the force of a spring 91. In this way, the surface temperature of the combustion tube 6 is detected by contact, and the method of extinguishing the fire using the temperature signals from the two temperature sensors uses the optical sensors 15A and 15B described above. Same as in case. Of course, instead of the temperature-sensitive resistance element 89, a thermoelectromotive force element that generates an electromotive force depending on the temperature may be used, or a thermoelectromotive force element that generates an electromotive force depending on the temperature may be used. There is also a method of simultaneously determining the direction of the temperature difference (which side is hotter) and detecting the value of the difference using a thermoelectromotive force element.

The methods shown in FIGS. 13, 14, and 15 detect abnormal phenomena during oxygen deficiency as temperature, so even if the outer cylinder 18 is not made of heat-resistant glass as in the embodiment shown in FIG. It may be one having a red-hot net 6c at the top. Further, in order to more clearly generate a temperature difference between the upper and lower sides of the combustion tube 6, the combustion tube 6 itself can be divided into upper and lower parts, or the material can be changed in the vertical direction. Furthermore, there is also a method of dividing only the outer cylinder 18 into upper and lower parts. The method of direct detection as a switch signal as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 also has the feature that it does not require the discriminator 68 required in FIGS. 10 and 12.

Next, another embodiment of a method for extinguishing a fire when it vibrates or falls will be described.

FIG. 16 shows a vibration switch 92, which has a ball 94 inside a detection case 93. During normal operation, a detection hole 96 is formed on the tapered surface 95 at the bottom of the detection case 93.
Ball 94 is located at. 97 is a micro switch that corresponds to the ball 94, and the ball 94 is connected to the detection hole 96.
The switch is changed depending on whether it is in the position or moved out of the detection hole 96 due to vibration.

FIG. 17 shows an example of the fire extinguishing mechanism 47 using this vibration switch 92. This is a configuration in which the inverted pendulum 63 and fire extinguishing button 5 are removed from FIG. 6, and the rotation regulating piece 49 is omitted in the figure. The fire extinguishing circuit in this case is shown in FIG. 18, in which a detection switch 69, a vibration switch 92, and a fire extinguishing switch 76 are connected in parallel to a power supply 70 and an electromagnet 65. The fire extinguishing switch 76 is an automatic reset type switch that is turned on only when operated. Also, the vibration switch is OFF under normal conditions. Therefore, if any switch is turned on, the electromagnet 65 will close the locking plate 60.
can be released by suction to extinguish the fire.

Another example using the vibration switch 92 is shown in FIGS. 19 and 20. FIG. 19 shows a fire extinguishing mechanism 47 in which the inverted pendulum 63 is removed from the case of FIG. 11. As shown in FIG. 20, the fire extinguishing circuit includes a power supply 70, a fire extinguishing switch 76, a release switch 75, an electromagnet 65, a detection switch 69, and a vibration switch 92.
are connected in series. Here, the detection switch 69
The switch is turned OFF when there is an abnormality due to lack of oxygen, and the vibration switch is turned ON under normal conditions. Therefore,
When any switch is turned off, the electromagnet 65 is not energized and is released from the lock, allowing the fire to be extinguished.

According to the method shown in Figures 17 and 19, when you want to extinguish the fire during normal use, you can turn it off by operating a switch.
This simplifies the detection mechanism for extinguishing the fire in the event of vibration or falling, and facilitates structural design.
Incidentally, since the sensitivity of the vibration switch 92 is mainly determined by the diameter of the sphere 94 and the diameter of the detection hole 96, it is easy to obtain performance suitable for the purpose, as in the case of the inverted pendulum 63.

Next, an embodiment will be described in which an abnormal phenomenon during oxygen shortage is detected and a fire extinguishing machine is activated directly without using a switch signal.

In FIG. 21, the extinguishing mechanism 47 is the same as that in FIG. 6, without the electromagnet 65, and the lamp wick 30 is raised by turning the operating shaft 40 clockwise in the figure. 98 and 99 are both fixed to the substrate 100 with bellows and connected to the detection tube 84 shown in FIG. 13 through capillary tubes 101 and 102. The bellows 98 is connected to the detection tube 84 on the temperature sensor 79B side in FIG. 13, and the bellows 99 is connected to the detection tube 84 on the temperature sensor 79A side.
A lever 104 supported by a fulcrum 103 on the free end side of the bellows 99 corresponds to the inverted pendulum 63,
When the lever 104 is rotated counterclockwise, the inverted pendulum 63 is forcibly turned over and the lock can be released.

When an abnormality occurs due to lack of oxygen, the upper part 6B of the combustion tube 6 becomes hot and the lower part 6A becomes cold, so the bellows 98 becomes longer than the bellows 99, causing the inverted pendulum 63 to tip over. Further, during normal use, since both the bellows 98 and 99 are extended, the lever 104 only moves away from the inverted pendulum 63.

In addition to the embodiment shown in FIG. 21, the lever 104 may be adapted to directly lift the locking plate 60 upward. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13 or 15, there is also a type in which the temperature detection section is made to correspond to the combustion cylinder 6, and the locking plate 60 is moved by a displacement generating body such as a bimetal.

In the various embodiments described above, the fire is extinguished by lowering the wick 30;
There is also a method of sealing the upper part of 8, 29, and application to that method is also possible. In addition to the method of locking and holding the force of a coil spring with a locking plate and a ratchet wheel as a fire extinguishing mechanism, various specific fire extinguishing mechanisms can be considered depending on the fire extinguishing means. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to a wick-type oil combustor, but can be applied to any type of combustor in which fuel is supplied from one side of the combustion tube, burned in the combustion tube, and exhausted to the other side. is applicable regardless of whether the fuel is gas or not.

In short, by taking advantage of the phenomenon that the combustion position moves away from the fuel supply side in the case of oxygen deficiency, the difference in brightness or temperature due to combustion between the fuel supply side and the other end of the combustion tube can be compensated for in a non-contact or non-contact manner. It is connected to detect a switch signal and convert it into a mechanical force or displacement amount to activate a fire extinguishing mechanism.Especially, the brightness or temperature on the fuel supply end side, which is characteristic of abnormal conditions such as oxygen deficiency, is The present invention is characterized in that it detects the phenomenon of a decrease in .

Therefore, it has the effect of preventing the continuation of incomplete combustion due to lack of oxygen and preventing an increase in toxic gas components such as CO, thereby dramatically increasing the safety of equipment used indoors. In addition, since the rise phenomenon during normal use and the phenomenon opposite to the phenomenon when the input is lowered are utilized, identification becomes easy, the configuration of the detection section can be simplified, and malfunctions can be eliminated. Although the embodiments have been described with respect to a combustor for heating, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to combustors for heating.

As described above, according to the present invention, the fire is automatically extinguished when the oxygen concentration decreases, resulting in extremely high safety.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an external view showing the application of one embodiment of the present invention to an oil burner, Figure 2 is a central cross-sectional view of Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a view of the first embodiment with the safety guard removed. Figure 4 is a sectional view of the burner including the combustion tube and wick mechanism, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the wick shown in Figure 4, and Figure 6 is a fire extinguishing mechanism that moves the wick up and down. Figure 7 is a front view of the fire extinguishing mechanism in the combustion state with the wick raised to its highest position, Figure 8 is a front view of the fire extinguishing mechanism at the moment the fire is extinguished, Figures 9 a to g are the combustion state. FIG. 10 is a front view showing changes in the external appearance of the cylinder, FIG. 10 is a fire extinguishing circuit diagram, FIG. 11 is a front view of the fire extinguishing mechanism showing another example of the fire extinguishing mechanism, and FIG.
Extinguishing circuit diagram corresponding to the extinguishing mechanism in Figure 1, No. 13
14 and 15 are longitudinal sectional views showing other embodiments of the detector, FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a vibration switch, and FIG. 17 is an example of a fire extinguishing mechanism using a vibration switch. 18 is a front view showing the 17th
Figure 19 is a front view showing another embodiment of the fire extinguishing mechanism using a vibration switch, Figure 20 is a fire extinguishing circuit diagram when the fire extinguishing mechanism shown in Figure 19 is used, and Figure 21 is a It is a front view which shows an example of the fire extinguishing mechanism in the case of detecting as a mechanical displacement. 6... Combustion tube, 6A, 6B... Both ends of combustion tube, 12
...detector, 47...extinguishing mechanism, 69...detection switch, 15A, 15B...light sensor, 13A, 13B
...Shield, 79A, 79B...Temperature sensor, 18...
Combustion cylinder outer cylinder, 92... vibration switch, 63... inverted pendulum, 60... locking plate, 50... ratchet wheel.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A detector comprising a combustion tube for burning fuel, a detector for detecting a difference in brightness or temperature between both ends of the combustion tube, and a fire extinguishing mechanism for extinguishing the combustion flame in the combustion tube. A fire extinguishing device for a combustor, characterized in that the fire extinguishing device is configured to activate a fire extinguishing mechanism to extinguish the fire when the brightness difference or temperature difference detected by the method reaches a set value. 2. Extinguishing a combustor according to claim 1, characterized by having a detector that detects the brightness difference or temperature difference between both ends of the combustion tube as a switch signal, and a fire extinguishing mechanism operated by this switch signal. Device. 3. The fire extinguishing system for a combustor according to claim 2, further comprising a detector for detecting a difference in brightness or a difference in temperature using optical sensors provided respectively at both ends of the combustion tube. 4. A patent characterized in that the optical sensor has a shield that corresponds to each end of a combustion tube and limits its field of view to both ends of the combustion tube, and has a detector that detects a difference in brightness or temperature. A fire extinguishing device for a combustor according to claim 2. 5. A detector for detecting the temperature difference between both ends of the combustion tube is installed near the outside of the combustion tube in a thermally insulated state from each other.
A fire extinguishing device for a combustor according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing device is provided in a non-contact state with the combustion tube. 6. A fire extinguishing device for a combustor according to claim 1, characterized in that a detector for detecting a temperature difference between both ends of the combustion tube is inserted into the interior of the combustion tube. 7. A fire extinguishing device for a combustor according to claim 1, characterized in that a detector for detecting a temperature difference between both ends of the combustion tube is provided in contact with the outer surface of the combustion tube. 8 It has a detector that detects the brightness difference or temperature difference between both ends of the combustion cylinder as a switch signal, and a fire extinguishing mechanism that is activated by a vibration switch that works in the event of vibration or overturning, and the brightness difference or temperature difference detected by the detector A fire extinguishing device for a combustor according to claim 1, characterized in that the fire extinguishing mechanism is activated when the difference reaches a set value. 9. A fire extinguishing system for a combustor as set forth in claim 1, comprising a detector that detects the temperature difference between both ends of the combustion cylinder as displacement or force, and a fire extinguishing mechanism that extinguishes the fire in the event of vibration or overturning. .