JP2528013B2 - Method for monitoring and shutting down the operation of a chimneyless stove, in particular an oil stove for safety reasons, and a device for implementing the method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a chimneyless stove, particularly a petroleum stove,
A method of monitoring not only the operation in the room in the normal heating state in which the height of the flame generated by the burner is within a predetermined range, but also the operation other than the normal heating state and stopping in consideration of safety, When it is determined that the temperature exceeds or falls below the predetermined range, a corresponding control signal is generated and input to the electronic control circuit, and on the one hand, it prompts to restore to the normal heating state, and on the other hand, that state. If the burner continues for more than a predetermined time, an alarm signal is generated and the burner is automatically extinguished after a corresponding delay time.

The invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Safety regulations regarding indoor air pollution caused by chimneyless stoves, especially oil stoves, have recently become more severe in European countries, for example, oil stoves equipped with a single-stage or double-stage burner (US Pat. No. 4390003). The operation of this kind of chimneyless stove, such as), must be closely monitored and stopped for safety.

In what is known as a safety device for stoves, especially for oil stoves (PCT-NL No. 86/00010), after the normal operation starts, the flame generated by the burner goes out of the specified range. And / or undesired operating conditions of the stove may result in the heating amount of the heating means, such as the burner head or its associated tubes, becoming too high. Known safety devices have sensor means for detecting the exceeding of a predetermined flame height range and for generating corresponding measurement and / or control signals, the operating means receiving the signal operating the oil stove in the desired manner. Return to a state or extinguish a fire. In the case of an oil stove equipped with a single-stage burner, the sensor means of the known safety device provide two optical sensors or heat radiations respectively corresponding to the upper and lower limits of a given flame height range during normal operation of the oil stove. It has two sensors to detect. When the specified flame height range is exceeded, the burner wick is automatically adjusted or manually adjusted in response to the measurement signal generated by the optical sensor, and the specified flame height range is maintained for a specified time. If it continues to exceed, the burner will be extinguished forcibly by lowering the switching lever.

This known safety device is based solely on the principle that the height of a flame is detected by the detection of optical radiation and contains some uncertainties in itself, which makes it unsatisfactory for modern safety conditions. Is. For example, when the burner is operated with the flame kept as low as possible from the beginning, the optical sensor arranged corresponding to the lower limit of the predetermined flame height range does not detect the flame at all. Therefore, if the burner burns for a long time in the state of the smallest flame due to the user forgetting to turn off the stove, etc., the stove will not be extinguished automatically because the lowest flame cannot be detected by light detection. Therefore, there is a risk that the CO ₂ content in the indoor air will be unacceptably high.

Since the material structure of the wick is non-uniform without exception, during the normal heating operation of the stove, the flame of the burner, although for a short time, often exceeds the upper limit of the predetermined flame height range, in which case known safety devices are used. Results in the burner automatically disappearing too early, even though the maximum allowable CO ₂ value for room air has not yet been reached. In a stove equipped with a known safety device, if the burner disappears at such an early point, it will not be included in the material of the wick because the hot tube of the burner does not have time to cool sufficiently. The oil that is present evaporates with a strong odor due to the heat radiation of the burner tube, which causes a problem of producing a strong odor and soot.

If the chimneyless stove is burning indoors and there is insufficient ventilation, the concentration of CO ₂ will be high and the concentration of O ₂ will be low (CH ₄ + 2O ₂ CO ₂ + 2H ₂ O). However, lack of oxygen causes incomplete combustion, which leads to CO and
The concentration of CO ₂ increases. Therefore, there is a direct relationship between the O ₂ concentration and the CO ₂ or CO concentration, and between the CO ₂ concentration and the CO concentration. If the CO ₂ concentration is not high, the CO concentration is also high.

For example, it is used for automatic control of an air cleaning device or a ventilation device by connecting with a microcomputer, and CO, H ₂ and gas produced by cooking, cigarette smoke or components of exhaust gas of automobiles through electric resistance change. Gas sensors that detect the proportion of some other gaseous organic components are also known (Fifaro Eng. Inc. model TGS800).

In the medical field, it is known to use O ₂ sensors for the purpose of monitoring inspiratory oxygen supplementation (US Pat.
No. 4495051). This type of O ₂ sensor is configured as a battery having, for example, an anode made of lead, an oxygen cathode made of gold, and a weakly acidic electrolytic solution. Since a resistor and a thermistor for temperature compensation are connected between the cathode and the anode, this cell in the form of a lead-oxygen battery is constantly discharging.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset and an apparatus for carrying out the method, which avoids the abovementioned disadvantages and fulfills more stringent safety requirements. In particular, in monitoring the operation of the oil stove and stopping it in consideration of safety, it is not necessary to rely on the method of detecting the flame height by optical radiation detection.

According to the present invention, an object of the present invention is to detect the ratio (percentage) of O _{2 in} the exhaust gas of a burner inside a petroleum stove by a sensor, and the detected value is contained in the exhaust gas of the burner. Converted to a voltage signal used as a value to monitor the rate of CO ₂ , and when the burner is operating outside the specified flame height range, the value detected by the sensor and Used under program control to monitor operation at the lowest flame height, the proportion of O _{2 in} the exhaust gas of the burner corresponds to the first predetermined proportion of CO _{2 in} the room air. When the value of 1 is reached, an alarm signal is generated through the electronic control circuit, and when the proportion of O _{2 in} the exhaust gas of the burner reaches a second value that is smaller than the first value. Burner after delay time via electronic control circuit By automatic extinguishing is achieved.

The method according to the invention provides that the proportion of O _{2 in} the exhaust gas of the burner is 0.8%, which is the maximum permissible proportion of CO _{2 in} the room air.
When a value corresponding to is reached, it is of great advantage to generate an alarm signal and automatically extinguish the burner.

After a warning signal that indicates that the O ₂ level in the room air is too low (CO-CO ₂ level is too high) is generated, the burner automatically extinguishes after a predetermined time period (for example, 90 seconds). preferable.

A safety device according to the invention for a chimneyless stove for carrying out the method according to the invention, in particular an oil stove, corresponds to an upper limit of a predetermined flame height range in the housing of the oil stove which defines the normal heating state of the oil stove. A sensor means having a light sensor attached to the battery, a battery, and for adjusting the wick adjusting means connected to the battery, when the flame of the burner exceeds the upper limit of a predetermined height range. The electronic control circuit and the time control means of the electronic control circuit shown in Fig. 2 are respectively connected, and when the burner operates outside the predetermined flame height range, an alarm means and an automatic burner that can operate with a predetermined time delay. And a fire extinguishing means. Furthermore, in the safety device according to the invention, the sensor means is provided with an O ₂ sensor. This O ₂ sensor is mounted inside the housing of the oil stove in its lower area and is coupled to the microprocessor of the electronic control circuit, through which the wick adjusting means, the alarm means and the automatic extinguishing means of the burner are connected. Connected,
Operates the alarm means when it is first given of the O ₂ concentration in the exhaust gas of the burner, the burner when it is a second predetermined O ₂ concentration lower than the first predetermined O ₂ concentration Activate fire extinguishing means.

A CO sensor can be further provided. The electronic circuit board carrying the CO sensor is attached to a holding member located at a corner of the upper part of the housing of the oil stove, which is behind a heat reflection shield for reflecting the heat emitted from the burner. Advantageously, a through-hole is arranged in the heat-reflecting shield so that a minimum exhaust gas flow passes through the through-hole and hits the CO sensor.

Employing the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention for carrying out it enables the indoor operation of chimneyless stoves, in particular oil stoves-compared to official safety regulations-accurately under more stringent safety parameters. It is possible to shut down for monitoring and safety considerations. In particular,
CO ₂ monitoring eliminates the need to rely solely on burner flame height detection.

For example, when the concentration of oxygen in the room air decreases, the height of the flame also decreases. That is, for example, in the case of an oil stove equipped with a two-stage burner, the second burner stage does not function, so CO emission increases and the concentration of CO _{2 in} the indoor air increases. The safety device according to the present invention accurately and directly detects the concentration of oxygen inside the housing of the oil stove, thereby accurately monitoring the rise of CO ₂ concentration in the room air. At the same time, the safety device according to the invention accurately and directly monitors the high CO concentration already inside the housing of the oil stove, ensuring a close monitoring of the minimum flame height of the burner of the oil stove.

The safety device according to the present invention measures the O ₂ concentration in the exhaust gas of the burner inside the housing of the oil stove and converts the O ₂ concentration into a voltage signal in order to know the concentration of CO _{2 in} the indoor air. The upper limit of the safety device according to the present invention is
The voltage corresponds to the maximum allowable CO ₂ concentration (0.8%) in the indoor air. When the CO ₂ concentration in the room air exceeds 0.8% (the maximum allowable value is 1%), the burner is automatically extinguished by the fire extinguishing device of the safety device according to the present invention. In other words, the safety regulations provided by the safety device according to the invention are considerably lower than the official guidelines.

Indirect measurement of CO ₂ concentration in indoor air is performed by an O ₂ sensor configured as a battery. The O ₂ sensor is placed on a circuit board carried by the oil stove housing.

The check of the O ₂ concentration is carried out according to the following: 1. After the ignition of the oil stove, the O ₂ concentration is measured after a period of stabilizing the sensor voltage (for example 4 minutes).

2. To eliminate transient changes, for example,
A delay period of 30 seconds is set.

3. To represent it CO-CO ₂ concentration in the indoor air is too high, and continues up to 90 seconds, for example to generate intermittent buzzer signal consisting of three sounds. In its duration, to improve the ventilation of the chamber by measures such as opening a door or window, it is possible to reduce the CO-CO ₂ concentration.

4. Extinguish the oil stove by the action of an electromagnet only if the ventilation in the room is not improved within 90 seconds.

If the O ₂ sensor malfunctions as a result of operating at extremely low temperatures or as a result of its lifespan being exhausted, a sensor output voltage U _{sensor of} less than 30 mV will occur, which is 90 seconds after the oil stove has been extinguished. , Can be displayed by an intermittent buzzer signal consisting of, for example, 7 beep sounds.

O ₂ sensor used in the safety device according to the invention has the following advantages: 1. life is very long (5-10 years).

2. Does not detect CO ₂ and other acidic components.

3. O ₂ generated by combustion in an unventilated room
And decrease, because there is a direct relationship between the increase in the CO-CO _2, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy.

4. The alarm voltage U _a of the O ₂ sensor can be determined.

5. Since the O ₂ sensor configured as a battery is self-powered,
Can maintain a DC voltage of 3V on the oil stove electronic control circuit.

Operating voltage U ₀ (maximum O ₂ sensor voltage in normal indoor air condition before ventilation condition deteriorates due to combustion and O ₂ sensor voltage U _sensor starts to decrease) and 0.8% in indoor air
It should be noted that the voltage difference from the O ₂ sensor voltage corresponding to% CO ₂ concentration is negligible. As will be apparent from the test results described in Table 1 below, the difference ΔU _a between the alarm voltage U _a of the O ₂ sensor and the operating voltage U ₀ is
It becomes almost 2 mV. Therefore, considering stability and S / N ratio, and considering that the O ₂ sensor does not sense temperature fluctuation, a high quality operational amplifier with U _a amplification constant K = 100 is required. The accuracy of CO ₂ control is determined by the hardware of the electronic control circuit of the oil stove and the voltage deviation (drift) of the O ₂ sensor. The average voltage deviation of the O ₂ sensor of the safety device according to the invention over the year is 2%. Assuming that the output signal of the O ₂ sensor has a voltage of 50 mV, the annual voltage deviation is 1 millivolt.

During the inspection period, the daily fluctuation of the operating voltage U ₀ is small. When an oil stove equipped with an O ₂ sensor is ignited in a well-ventilated room, the sensor voltage will be affected by temperature.
U _sensor goes up to about 2mV in 90 minutes.

Since the control system of the safety device according to the present invention incorporates the microprocessor, it is possible to deal with the above-mentioned problems. Each time the oil stove burner is ignited, the maximum value of the O ₂ sensor voltage can be determined by the microprocessor as the operating voltage U ₀ , before the ventilation in the room deteriorates and the sensor voltage drops. That is, the sensor voltage is detected every 4 minutes and compared with the voltage value immediately before, and the detected value immediately before the sensor voltage starts to decrease is set as the operating voltage U ₀ . After confirming the operating voltage U ₀ , the sensor alarm voltage U _a
Is obtained according to the equation U _a = U ₀ −ΔU _a .

Table 1 shows the case where the KE-50 type O ₂ sensor is combined with the microprocessor of the electronic control circuit of the safety device according to the present invention.
The analytical results of the tests obtained with the O ₂ sensor are shown. Table 1 shows the operating voltage U ₀ , the O ₂ sensor voltage U 0.8% corresponding to the CO ₂ concentration in the room air of 0.8%, and the value ΔU ₀ obtained by subtracting U 0.8% from U ₀ . 8%, alarm voltage U _a , value equivalent to operating voltage U ₀ minus alarm voltage U _a ΔU _a , carbon dioxide concentration CO
₂ , the temperature range T _sensor of the O _{2 sensor} is shown.

By establishing the operating voltage U ₀ each time the burner is ignited, the advantage of eliminating the effect of voltage drift on CO ₂ control is obtained. However, even after the burner disappeared, the ventilation in the room was not improved due to poor ventilation,
The problem arises in situations where the oil stove is reignited even though the room's CO ₂ concentration is still very high. In other words, a value deviating from the value that should be determined in a well-ventilated indoor state is used as the operating voltage U ₀ , which is a disadvantage. As a result, CO
If the fire is extinguished while the ₂ level remains high, the CO ₂ level will necessarily be high each time the oil stove is ignited.

This problem is solved by setting the operating voltage U ₀ to a constant value for the next 45 minutes if the burner is extinguished due to high CO ₂ levels in the room air. If the burner is ignited again during this time, a constant set operating voltage U ₀ will be used for CO ₂ control. And 4
After 5 minutes, the operating voltage U ₀ is determined by the method described above, assuming that the CO ₂ level returns to the normal state again.

If the flame of the burner exceeds a predetermined flame height range, soot or odor may be generated and there is a risk of fire. The optical sensor of the safety device according to the invention corresponds to the maximum permissible flame height and is located at a suitable height adjacent to the combustion chamber of the oil stove. Which is arranged at the same time and cooperates with the electronic control circuit of the safety device according to the present invention, 1. In order to eliminate transient phenomena, a time delay of, for example, 3 seconds is generated, 2. A predetermined flame of the burner Intermittent audible alarms (eg, 5 beeps) when the upper limit of the height range is exceeded,
3. Perform a control function such as automatically extinguishing the burner if the flame height does not return to the specified flame height range, for example, 60 seconds after the alarm signal is issued. To do.

Insufficient room ventilation when the oil stove is operating with the burner flame too high will result in oxygen deficiency, resulting in incomplete combustion and CO-CO in the room air. _{Since the 2} concentration is high, when the burner flame is operating in an unacceptably high state, in addition to the monitoring by the optical sensor, further monitoring is carried out via the O ₂ sensor of the safety device according to the invention.

When automatically extinguishing a burner, it is important to prevent the generation of smoke and associated odors such as occurs in oil stoves equipped with conventional safety equipment.

The method according to the invention and the safety device according to the invention substantially prevent odors during automatic extinguishing of burners.

The safety device according to the present invention makes it possible to automatically extinguish an odor-prevented burner by the following procedure. That is, the adjusting knob of the burner wick adjusting means is set so that the flame becomes extremely low. The correctness of the adjustment is the colored mark,
For example, it is displayed by an intermittent sound signal for 3 seconds.
When the wick adjusting means is adjusted in this way, the burner further reduces the emission of odor-producing components.
For example, it burns for about 4 minutes. During this time, the heating tube and the burner head are sufficiently cooled. Next, the electromagnet of the fire extinguishing means is excited to extinguish the burner while minimizing the generation of odor. In addition, the above-described time for lowering the temperature of the heating tube and the burner head is set by turning the wick high by using the adjusting knob of the wick adjusting means of the burner,
It can be terminated at any time.

The safety device according to the invention includes, for example, an ignition coil,
It incorporates a replaceable battery set to power all of the oil stove's current demanding components such as the electronic control circuitry including the microprocessor, the heating elements of the CO sensor.

When the wick adjusting means is rotated clockwise, the main switch is activated to close the electronic circuit. First, a battery test is performed. If the battery voltage U _b is below 2.3 V, ignition is not possible and a continuous buzzer signal sounds, for example for 30 seconds, indicating that the battery must be replaced. After 30 seconds, the alarm signal is interrupted, the heating or heating process of the oil stove is stopped by the operation of the electromagnet, and the electromagnet returns the wick.

If the voltage of the battery is within the normal range, ignition is possible, for example within 15 seconds. If it is not ignited after 15 seconds, an intermittent buzzer signal, for example 90 seconds long, sounds, but it is possible to ignite the oil stove in the meantime. If the ignition is not done after 90 seconds, the ignition of the oil stove is restored by the action of the electromagnet.

After successful ignition, a periodic monitoring cycle is entered, during which the battery voltage is checked as previously described, and 4 minutes after the start of the oil stove heating initiation process, the fire height and CO _{2 in} exhaust gas
Perform density control.

In the safety device according to the invention, it is advantageous to select the clock frequency of the microprocessor so as to reduce the current consumption I of the electronic control circuit. Microprocessors work well from 0.5MHz to 5MHz. At f = 0.5MHz, I equals 2.5mA. I = 30m when f = 5MHz
A. When f = 0.5MHz, the microprocessor is f
Although it is less operative in operation than the case of = 5 MHz, this is not weight when applied to the safety device of the present invention.

Finally, the safety device according to the invention is arranged in the housing of the oil stove so that the ignition means or the wick adjusting means of the burner function in the event of battery failure or when the battery is incorrectly inserted into the battery case. It is important to have a mechanism to prevent entry into the state.

The fuel level test is continuously performed by conventional circuitry at the bottom of the fuel tank. When the fuel level is too low, an intermittent buzzer signal is generated with a flashing light on the bottom for a length of, for example, 3 minutes. The fuel at the bottom of the fuel tank in this condition is sufficient to burn the burner for about 30 minutes.

The method according to the invention and the device according to the invention for implementing it will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an oil stove equipped with a safety device, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the oil stove shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a diagram clearly showing determination of an operating voltage U ₀ of an O ₂ sensor, FIG. 4 is a block diagram clearly showing a method of monitoring the operation of the oil stove and shutting it down for safety, and FIGS. 5a and 5b show a case where the battery fails or the battery is not properly inserted into the battery case. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of two embodiments of the mechanism of the safety device according to the present invention, which prevents the ignition of the burner or the adjustment of the wick adjusting means when the ignition device is activated.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the oil stove 1 has a housing 2, and a burner 4 having a wick adjusting means 3 is arranged in the center of the housing.
Can have a one-stage or two-stage configuration. The oil stove 1 has a burner housing 6, and the burner housing 6
Has an open top and is provided with a number of holes to form a combustion chamber 5. The burner housing 6 and the back surface 7 (located on the left side in FIG. 1) of the housing 2 of the oil stove 1
A hanging heat-reflecting shield 8 is held between the housing and the housing 2 of the oil stove 1.
A through hole 10 is provided in the vicinity of the upper surface 9 of the exhaust gas, and a portion of the exhaust gas (arrow A) flowing upward from the burner housing 6 of the burner 4 flows through the through hole 10. Housing 2
In the lower area of the vertical holding member 12 fixed to the bottom surface of the housing 2, an O ₂ sensor 13 configured as a battery is provided.
And the O ₂ sensor 13 is coupled to the microprocessor of the electronic control circuit 14. In the upper left corner of the housing 2 in FIG. 1 on the back surface of the heat reflection shield 8, part of the exhaust gas flowing through the through hole 10 of the heat reflection shield 8 hits the CO monitoring circuit board 15, The CO sensor 11 is attached. The circuit board 15 is connected to the electronic control circuit 14 of the safety device. This electronic control circuit 14 is connected to an alarm signal means (not shown) and an automatic fire extinguishing means 16 of the burner 4. Behind the heat reflection shield 8, an optical sensor 19 is arranged at a height corresponding to an upper limit 17 of a predetermined range of the height of the flame 18 of the burner 4, and the flame 18 has a predetermined flame height. It is designed to detect that the upper limit 17 of the range has been exceeded. The optical sensor 19 is connected to the electronic control circuit 14. When the flame 18 crosses the upper boundary 17 of the range of the predetermined flame height, it is detected by the optical sensor 19, which produces a measurement signal and gives it to the electronic control circuit 14, whereby an audible alarm signal. Is generated. With respect to the sound alarm signal, the person using the oil stove 1 operates the wick adjusting means 13 within 90 seconds to adjust the height of the flame 18 of the burner 4 to a predetermined value corresponding to the normal heating state of the burner 4. Must be returned to within the flame height range of. If this operation is not performed within 90 seconds, the fire extinguishing means 16 operates via the electronic control circuit 14 to automatically extinguish the burner 4.

When the oil stove 1 is installed in a properly ventilated room, the voltage U _sensor of the safety device O ₂ sensor 13 rises by about 2 mV due to temperature effects during 90 minutes. During operation of the oil stove 1, the O ₂ sensor 13
The O ₂ concentration is continuously detected and continuously converted into a corresponding voltage signal. Since the decrease of O ₂ is directly related to the increase of CO _2, the voltage signal indicating the concentration of O ₂ is a scale or an indirect signal indicating the concentration of CO _{2 in} the indoor air. In FIG. 3, the vertical axis represents time,
The O ₂ sensor voltage U _sensor is plotted on the horizontal axis. The O ₂ sensor voltage U _sensor gradually rises after the transient state immediately after ignition of the burner ends, but when the O ₂ concentration decreases (that is, when ventilation becomes poor), the O ₂ sensor voltage U _sensor falls. Turn around. The voltage corresponding to approximately the maximum value of the O ₂ sensor voltage U _sensor is called the operating voltage U ₀ . O ₂ sensor voltage U
It can be considered that the ignition of the burner should not be continued if the _sensor is equal to or more than the predetermined voltage ΔU _a from the operating voltage U ₀ .

The operating voltage U ₀ is determined by the microprocessor of the electronic control circuit 14. That is, after the ignition of the burner 4,
O ₂ sensor voltage U immediately before shifting to poor ventilation
By determining _sensor , the operating voltage U ₀ can be known. As shown in FIG. 3, the sensor voltage U _sensor is measured every 4 minutes and compared with the previous voltage value. In FIG. 3, U ₄
Is the maximum voltage before the sensor voltage U _sensor drops due to poor ventilation in the room (see U ₅ is less than U ₄ ).
Therefore, U ₄ = U ₀ . Therefore, the O ₂ sensor 13
The alarm voltage U ₄ of U _a = U ₀ −Δ depends on the measurement of the operating voltage.
It becomes U _a . The oxygen concentration detected by the O ₂ sensor 13 is the alarm voltage U _a
If it matches the voltage value of, an alarm signal is generated. If the room ventilation is not improved within 90 seconds, the O ₂ content will decrease further and the sensor voltage U lower than the alarm voltage U _{a.
When the sensor} is supplied by the O ₂ sensor 13, the automatic fire extinguishing means 16
The fire of the oil stove is extinguished by the action of the electromagnet that forms the.

Burner 4 in housing 2 during operation of oil stove 1
The CO concentration of the exhaust gas (arrow A) can be continuously detected by the CO sensor 11, and the measured CO concentration can be continuously converted to the corresponding voltage by the CO monitoring electronic circuit. At the same time, the CO concentration is the CO contained in the indoor air.
_It can also be used as information indicating the concentration of ₂ . O ₂ reduction and CO ₂
The direct relationship between the increase of CO _{2 and} the increase of CO ₂ also establishes the relationship between the increase of CO _{2 and} the increase of CO.

The block diagram of FIG. 4 clearly shows and refers to the individual steps of the method for monitoring the operation of the oil stove in the room under the normal heating condition and the abnormal heating condition and stopping it for safety. The symbols and headings shown in indicate the functional relationship of individual method measures.

Two embodiments of the mechanism of the safety device are apparent from FIGS. 5a and 5b. If the battery 20 is faulty and you accidentally insert the battery 20 into the battery case 21,
This mechanism prevents ignition of the ignition means of the burner 4 or prevents adjustment of the wick adjusting means 3, and as a result, the wick cannot be ignited by the match.

This mechanism has a functional spring 22 which is in compression when the battery is inserted correctly, i.e. when the battery is in contact with the sensor plate 23 in the battery case 21, and according to Fig. 5a one end vibrates. The release wire 24, which is connected to the release plate 25 of the earthquake-proof device 26 that responds to (for example, including an earthquake) and is connected to the sensor plate 23 at the other end, is loose, so that the burner 4 can be ignited. . Remove the battery 20 from the battery case 21 or install the battery in the sensor plate 23.
If not correctly abutted against the sensor plate, the sensor plate is pushed forward by the compressed functional spring 22, resulting in
As the release wire 24 is tensioned and the release plate 25 is moved, the seismic device 26 begins to function, preventing ignition or adjusting the wick. That is, the burner 4 is extinguished. In the embodiment according to FIG. 5b, instead of the release plate 25 of the seismic device 26, a locking lever 27 is used, which is connected to one end of the release wire 24, so that the release wire locks when the functional spring 22 moves. Lever 27
Functioning as a result of which seismic device 26 is released.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-56-117010 (JP, A) JP-A-60-53719 (JP, A) JP-A-57-82623 (JP, A) Actual development Sho-57- 178959 (JP, U) Actual development Sho 62-192063 (JP, U)

Claims (15)

(57) [Claims] 1. A chimneyless stove, in particular an oil stove,
A method of operating not only in a room in a normal heating state where the height of the flame generated by the burner is within a predetermined range, but also in an operation other than the normal heating state and in consideration of safety, Exceeding the flame within the predetermined range is detected by the radiation sensing means, and when it exceeds or falls below the predetermined range, a corresponding control signal is generated and input to the electronic control circuit, and as a result, normal When the burner is operated to recover to the heated state and exceeds the predetermined flame height range and continues for a predetermined time period, an alarm signal is generated and the burner is automatically extinguished after a delay time. a method of and be operated safely monitor, the percentage of O ₂ in the exhaust gas of the burner inside the kerosene heater is detected by the sensor, an exhaust gas of the burner to the detection value It is converted into a voltage signal to be used as a value for monitoring the rate of CO ₂ contained in, when the burner is operating out of the predetermined flame height range is usually heated state values detected by the sensor Used under program control for recovery to air as well as for monitoring operation at the lowest flame height, using an electronic control circuit to determine the percentage of O _{2 in} the exhaust gas of the burner When a first value corresponding to the first predetermined CO ₂ ratio of is reached, an alarm signal is generated, and the O ₂ ratio in the exhaust gas of the burner is smaller than the first value. A method for monitoring and safely operating a chimneyless stove characterized by automatically extinguishing the burner after a delay time when the second value is reached. _2. An alarm signal is generated and the burner is activated when the proportion of O _{2 in} the exhaust gas of the burner reaches a value corresponding to the maximum permitted proportion of CO _{2 in} the room air of 0.8%. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fire is automatically extinguished. 3. Automatic extinguishing of the burner occurs 90 seconds after the generation of an alarm signal indicating that the O ₂ level in the exhaust gas of the burner is too low or the CO / CO ₂ level is too high. The method according to claim 1 or 2. 4. Each time the burner is ignited, the maximum value of the voltage signal, which indicates a sufficient ventilation state, is determined as the operating voltage U ₀ by the microprocessor in the electronic control circuit, and after the burner is extinguished. 4. The operating voltage U ₀ is always fixed to a previous operating voltage U ₀ for a predetermined period of time, and in ignition subsequent to extinguishing, the operation is started at the immediately preceding operating voltage U ₀ . The method according to item 1. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein when the burner is extinguished because the CO ₂ level in the room air is too high, the operating voltage is set to a constant value for 45 minutes. 6. A voltage signal of an O ₂ sensor is periodically detected,
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is compared with the value of the previous sensor voltage. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the detection of the voltage signal of the O ₂ sensor is performed every 4 minutes. 8. The electronic control circuit is powered by a battery, the voltage of the battery is automatically checked to ensure a predetermined value U _b , and when the battery voltage falls below a predetermined value U _b , the burner ignition is blocked. And an alarm signal indicating that the battery needs to be replaced is generated, or an alarm signal is generated and the heating start operation or heating operation of the oil stove is automatically cut off. the method of. 9. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ignition of the burner is automatically blocked when the battery is not installed properly. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the automatic prevention of the ignition of the burner is mechanical. 11. The electronic control circuit continuously checks the liquid level of the fuel, and when the liquid level falls below a predetermined liquid level, an intermittent signal is automatically generated. the method of. 12. A chimneyless stove, particularly an oil stove, is monitored not only for indoor operation in a normal heating state where the flame height generated by the burner is within a predetermined range, but also for operations outside the normal heating state. In addition, it is a safety device that operates in consideration of safety, and the fact that the flame height exceeds the predetermined range means that the optical sensor disposed at the position corresponding to the upper limit of the flame height range in the stove housing is When detected by the sensor means including, when it exceeds or falls below a predetermined range, a corresponding control signal is generated and input to an electronic control circuit connected to the battery,
The electronic control circuit allows the wick control means to be manually adjustable according to the output signal of the optical sensor means indicating that the flame height exceeds the predetermined range,
A time limit means, an alarm means connected to the time limit means, and a means for stopping the burner operation with a delay when the flame height exceeds the predetermined range for a predetermined time or longer. A safety device for carrying out the method of monitoring and operating a chimneyless stove according to claim 1, wherein the sensor means is further provided with an O ₂ sensor (11) coupled to a microprocessor, _{The two} sensors are mounted in the lower area inside the housing (2) of the stove (1) and the O _{2 in} the burner exhaust gas inside the stove (1)
The concentration is detected, and the detected value is converted in the electronic control circuit (14) into a voltage signal used as a value for monitoring the amount of CO ₂ contained in the burner exhaust gas, and the voltage signal is converted into an electronic signal. Extinguishing means (1) for the wick adjusting means (3), alarm means and burner (4) connected to the control circuit (14)
6), when the burner is in a state of exceeding the predetermined range, the voltage signal of the O ₂ sensor is used to adjust the wick adjusting means to bring it into a normal operating state, and , The voltage signal of the O ₂ sensor monitors the operation of the burner when the flame is in the lowest state, and when the concentration of O _{2 in} the exhaust gas of the burner (4) reaches the first value, When the electronic control circuit activates the alarm means, and when the O ₂ concentration in the exhaust gas of the burner reaches a second value smaller than the first value, the electronic control circuit activates the fire extinguishing means (16). An apparatus for monitoring and safely operating a stove without a chimney, which is provided with seismic resistant means (26) that operates and responds to vibration. 13. A mechanism (22, 24) for coupling with a seismic response means (26) that responds to a vibration, comprising the mechanism in the event of a battery failure or when the battery is not correctly inserted into the battery case (21). 13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that it prevents the operation of the ignition means of the burner (4) or locks the wick in a basic position which cannot be ignited by manual operation. 14. The mechanism (22, 24) includes a battery case (2).
The functional spring (22) that is engaged with the sensor plate (23) of 1) and is compressed in the stationary state of the mechanism (22, 24) is connected to the sensor plate (23) at one end, and the other end is seismic resistant. It is connected to the release plate (25) of (26) and the mechanism (22,2
4) Release wire (24) that is loose in the stationary state
When the battery (20) is absent or the battery is not inserted correctly, the sensor plate (23) is activated by the function spring (22) of the mechanism (22, 24). 15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the release plate (25) of the earthquake-proof means (26) functions by sliding inside the battery case (21) so as to stretch. 15. The release plate (2) of the earthquake-proof means (26).
15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that a pivotable locking lever (27) is used instead of 5).