JPS619154A - Axial gap type motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a brushless motor having large generated torque and small torque ripple by disposing two types of armature coils wound with leads in a toroidal shape in a special positional relationship on an annular yoke so as not to be superposed. CONSTITUTION:Leads are wound in a toroidal shape on an annular stator yoke 42 to form 3-phase armature coils 43-1-43-3. The coil 43-1 is formed by first winding the first conductor 43a-1, and winding the second conductor 43a-2 in the opening width of even number times of a field magnet 6 in the same direction from the conductor 43a-1, the coils 43-2, 43-3 are formed by winding the first conductors 43a-2, 43a-3, and then winding the second conductors 43b-2, 43b-3 in reverse direction to the first conductor in the opening width of odd number times of the width of the pole of the magnet 6 from the first conductors so that the conductors are not superposed on the yoke 42.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to a toroidally wound axial gap electric motor.

Although this type of invention is useful as described below, it is actually particularly useful for axial gap type motors called flat motors, and is not very advantageous for cylindrical type motors.

(Description of Prior Art) The present applicant has previously filed an invention relating to this type of electric motor (referred to as an earlier invention), so the present invention will be explained after explaining the technical background of this invention and the earlier invention.

First, to explain the technical background of the prior invention, Figs.
There is a 4-pole, 3-filament, axial gap type brushless motor as shown in the figure. Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the axial air gap type brushless motor, Figure 2 is a plan view of an armature having a group of three armature coils, Figure 3 is a bottom view of the field magnet, and Figure 4. is a developed view of an armature coil group and a field magnet.

The axial gap type brushless electric motor 1 shown in FIG.
The main body 2, which is a cup body made of a mild steel plate that is flat in the axial direction, has a rotating shaft 5 that is rotatably supported by bearings 3 and 4 at approximately the center thereof. As shown in the figure, a flat annular four-pole field magnet 6 having alternating N and S magnetic poles is fixedly installed. As shown in FIG. 2, three armature coils 7 to an armature 8 are fixedly installed on the inner surface of the main body 2 facing the field magnet 6.
, 4° yo 3. . ,□3□7. Fi 1. stomach. 11. □
The rooms are evenly spaced so that they are less than 1 tatami mat in size. The armature coil 7 is wound into a fan frame shape having an opening angle width that is the same or approximately the same as the magnetic pole width of the field magnet 6. Now 4
Since the pole field magnet 6 is used, the armature coils 7 have an opening angle width of 90 degrees or approximately 90 degrees, and are arranged at a pitch of 120 degrees so as not to overlap each other. Reference numeral 9 denotes a magnetoelectric transducer such as a Hall element or Hall IC used as a position detection element, and is disposed in a cavity within the frame of the armature coil 7. Referring to FIG. 4, three elements 9-1
．． The arrangement positions of 9-2 and 9-3 will now be explained.

The three armature coils 7-1, 7-2 and 7-3 are arranged so as not to overlap each other, as shown in FIG.

Armature coil 7-1. . . , the - terminals of 7-3 are each connected to the semiconductor rectifier (drive circuit) 10, and the other terminals are commonly connected. 1.1-1.11
3. -2 indicates the positive power terminal and negative power terminal, respectively. The above element 9-1. . . , both output terminals of 9-3 are connected to the semiconductor rectifier] and O. ”-Record element 9
-11...I9-: As shown in FIG. 4, the armature coils 7-1°..., 7-3. Although it is preferable to arrange the elements 9-1, .
....

9-3, the corresponding element 9-1. ...l 9-3
Since the field air gear/p is increased by the thickness, it is not possible to obtain extraordinary rotational torque by that amount. Therefore, the above element 9-1. . . , the armature coils 7-1 .・・・
, 7-3, the dotted line enclosures 12, 13, and 14 correspond, respectively. Therefore, element 9-1.
..., 9-:3 are armature coils 7-1.・・・
・Dotted line enclosure part 1 at the position corresponding to the cavity within the frame of 7-3
2.13.14.

Such an axial gap type brushless electric motor 1 is certainly useful. However, referring to FIG. 2, the radial conductor portions 7a and 71] of the armature coil 7 contribute to the generated torque, but the circumferential conductor portions 7c and 7d do not contribute to the generated torque. Therefore, armature coil 7
The disadvantage is that the conductor section cannot be used effectively. In particular, since the weight and price of the copper wire forming the armature coil 7 have an extremely close proportional relationship, it is preferable to eliminate the conductor portions 70t to 7d that do not contribute to the generated torque as much as possible.

In the case of the axial gap type brushless electric motor 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 above, a relatively new type of axial gap type brushless motor is used, which shows the case where the conductor parts that do not contribute to the generated torque are reduced as much as possible. Although it is an electric motor, the conductor portion 7c does not contribute to the generated torque.

This shows a case where a large number of 7d are present.

Before that, the axial gap type brushless electric motor was
There are those shown in FIGS. 5 to 7.

This axial gap type brushless electric motor uses a two-pole annular field magnet 6' shown in FIG. 5, in which N and S magnetic poles are magnetized with an opening angle width of 180 degrees, as a rotor, As shown in FIG. 6, a conductor portion 7a that contributes to the generated torque is provided at a fixed side position facing the magnetic magnet 6'.
', 7b' has an opening angle width equal to the magnetic pole width of the field magnet 6', that is, 1. Ei An armature 8 consisting of a bow frame-shaped armature coil 7' wound with an opening angle width of 0 degrees.
' is provided. As shown in FIG. 7, the armature 8' is constructed by overlapping the armature coils 7' with a phase shift. Armature coil 7 of this armature 8'
', the part that contributes to the generated torque is the part A surrounded by the dotted line.
Only the part indicated by , other circumferential conductor parts 7c', 7
d' is a completely useless part.

Therefore, the armature 8' consisting of the group of armature coils 7' has the disadvantage that it has a lot of unnecessary parts and is very expensive.

The axial gap type brush shown in FIGS. 5 to 7
'In order to solve the drawbacks of the Siles motor, we have devised it as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. In other words, as shown in Fig. 8, the 208i type has field magnets 6'' having N and 5llk poles alternately. and the armature coil 7'' forming the armature 8'' is the field magnet.

Wound into a frame shape with an opening angle width equal to 6" magnetic pole,
The present invention provides 13 coils arranged at equal intervals so as not to overlap each other.

This is very effective in the case of an axial air gap type brushless motor with a long radius, but is not very effective in the case of a small axial air gap type electric motor with a short radius. That is, the opening angle width that contributes to the generated torque becomes very narrow, and the conductor portion 7a'' that contributes to the generated torque of the armature coil 7''.

7b'' is narrow, the magnetoelectric transducer 9 as a position detection element cannot be placed in the open position of the conductor portions 7a and 7b'' that contribute to the torque generated by the armature coil 7'', and other, e.g. However, it has the disadvantage that the electrical components of the semiconductor rectifier 10 cannot be disposed therein.

As described above, the conventional axial gap type brushless motor has the disadvantage that it is expensive because there are too many conductor parts that do not contribute to the torque generated by the armature coil 7''.

In this way, the armature 8.8', 8'' in the conventional axial gap type brushless motor has the disadvantage that there are a large number of conductor parts of the armature coil 7.7', 7'' that do not contribute to the generated torque. have

In addition, in order to generate a large rotational torque, the
As an improved version of the axial gap type electric motor shown in the figure,
There is an armature coil overlapping type as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12.

Conventionally, this type of motor has, for example, 4
Axial gap type brushless motors with six poles and coils are known. This axial air gap type brushless electric motor (not shown) has an annular four-pole field magneto/toro (see Fig. 3) having alternating N and S magnetic poles as a rotor. An armature 81 shown in FIG. 1 is provided on the stator side facing each other to form a stator.

This armature 81 has six armature coils 7-1°...
, 7-6 are arranged at equal intervals. Each armature coil 7-
1. ..., 7-6, the opening angle width of the conductor parts 7a and 7b contributing to the generated torque in the radial direction is approximately equal to the magnetic pole width of the field magnet 6, that is, the opening angle width of 90 degrees. It is wound into a fan frame shape. Armature coil 7-1.・・・
The circumferential conductor portions 7c and 7d of . and 7-6 are conductor portions that do not contribute to the generated torque.

Figure 12 is a developed view of the field magnet 6 and armature 8.
Armature coil? One terminal of -1, 7-2, 7-3 is
Each is connected to a semiconductor rectifier (drive circuit) 10,
The other terminals are connected to armature coils 7-4, 7-5, 7, respectively.
-6 is connected to one terminal. Also
- Keiyukikikida armature coil? -4,7-5,
The other terminal of '7-6 is the positive power terminal 11-
Connected to 1. 11-2 is a negative power terminal. 9-1. ..., 9-3 are magnetoelectric conversion elements such as Hall elements and Hall ICs used as position detection elements, and the magnetoelectric conversion elements 9-1. ..., 9-3 is arranged at a position facing the conductor portion 7a that contributes to the generated torque of the armature coil 7-1゜7-2.7-3 corresponding to the points X, Y, and Z of the symbol. Also good. That is, the cord 9-1.9-2.9-3 is connected to the armature coil 7-1.7-2.7-3 or 7-4.7-5.
What is necessary is just to arrange|position it in the position facing the conductor part 7a which contributes to the generated torque of 7-6, or the conductor part 7b which contributes to the generated torque.

In this way, a three-phase axial gap type brushless motor is formed.

However, since the axial gap type brushless electric motor has the conductor portions 7e and 7d that do not contribute to the generated torque,
Each of the armature coils 7-11, . . . , 7-6 overlaps each other over a length of 2 m, and as a result, the field air gap increases and a large rotational torque cannot be obtained. Also, another armature coil 7-1. ..., according to the arrangement method 7-6, in order to make the armature 81 flat, it is necessary to deform the upper armature coil 7 as shown in FIG. It has the disadvantage that the armature 81 cannot be mass-produced at low cost.

Moreover, in this case, the deformed upper armature coil 7
If it is not firmly fixed to the lower armature coil 7,
The upper armature coil 7 is attracted by the field and floats up, so the field magnet f*') 6) - Contact 1.5 The rotor (7) X, I! , -r'Z times
Not only is it impossible to rotate the motor by 1 degree, but it also generates large rotational noise.Furthermore, there is a risk that the conductor of the armature coil 7 will be cut, resulting in an axial gap type brushless motor with poor performance and short life. Also armature coil 7-
1, . . , 7-6 have the same amount as the conductor portions 7c and 7d which do not contribute to the generated torque, so the formed armature 81 has the disadvantage that it is very expensive compared to its performance. Further, the armature 81 has a fan frame-shaped armature coil 7-1.
．． . . , 7-6, they must be arranged as shown in FIG. It has the following drawbacks.

As described above, the conventionally known axial gap type brushless electric motor has the above-mentioned drawbacks.

The previous invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and by making most of the armature coil contribute to the generated torque, that is, by largely eliminating the portions that do not contribute to the generated torque, an axial gap type electric motor can be manufactured at low cost. In addition to making it suitable for mass production, even if the armature is formed by overlapping armature coil groups as in the past, it is possible to form two armature coil groups. To obtain a highly efficient axial gap type brushless electric motor which has a large rotating torque by forming an armature with a uniform thickness without overlapping the thickness of the heavy metal, producing a smooth torque ripple, and eliminating an increase in the field air gap. It has been made possible to do so.

Therefore, first, the prior invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 13 and thereafter, and then the present invention will be explained.

Figure 13 shows the axial gap type brushless electric motor 1'' of the earlier invention.
In the vertical cross-sectional view, the axial gap type brushless motor body 15 is shown.
Bearing 16. A rotating shaft 18 is rotatably supported by '17. The main body 15 has two cup bodies 15.
-1.15-2, the flanges 15a and 15a' of each other are connected to each other via a protrusion 19a formed on the outer periphery of the annular stator yoke 19 made of a magnetic material, and the screws 2
It is formed by fixing the shaft at 0. Rotor yokes 21 and 22 are fixed to the rotating shaft 18 at intervals.

On the inner surface of the rotor yoke 21, 22 there are 4
Pole field magnets) 6-1, 6-2 are fixedly installed.

The field magnets 6-1 and 6-2 are fixed to the rotor yaws 21 and 22 so that the same poles face each other. In the gap between the field magnets 6-1 and 6-2, there are conductor parts 7'g and 7'b that contribute to the generated torque.
The opening angle width is approximately 2n-1 (n is a positive integer of 1 or more) times the magnetic pole width of the field magnet) 6-1.6-2, that is, the field magnet) 6-1.6- Since the armature 2 has four poles, an armature 8'' having a group of armature coils 7'' wound with an opening angle width of approximately 90 degrees is supported on the fixed side. There is. As shown in FIG. 15, the armature coil 7''' is formed by winding a multi-turn conductive wire in a troig shape around the annular stator yoke 19 to form a first conductor section 7''a that contributes to the generated torque. , the conductor part? ``'a to field magnet) 6-1.

A conductive wire is led to a position of the stator yoke 19 on the annular ring which is separated in the circumferential direction by the opening angle width of one magnetic pole of 6-2, and a conductive wire is led to the stator yoke 19 on the annular ring opposite to the first conductor part 7'a. A second conductor portion 7″ that contributes to the generated torque by winding a multi-turn conductor wire in a troib back shape in the direction
'I].

The three armature coils 7'''-1, 7 formed in this way
As shown in Fig. 14, the (stator) armature 8'' is formed by winding ``''-2 and 7'-3 around the annular stator yoke 19 at equal intervals so as not to overlap each other. be done.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17, a superimposed armature gap type motor in which armature coil groups do not overlap according to the previous invention will be described.

Incidentally, since the configuration of the electric motor can be the same as that shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the stator armature will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 16, the armature 8"" has six armature coils 7"'-1, . . . mounted on a circular stator yoke 19.
,? Conductor portion 7'a that contributes to the generated torque of ''-6
, 7'b (7'la, -, 7'-6a, 7'
1b, . . , 7'''-6b) and conductor portions 3'c and 3'd that do not contribute to the generated torque are arranged so as not to overlap each other.The type shown in FIG. To form the copper isogo 8''', use the method shown in Figure 17.
Suga should go.

Now, the armature coils 7''-1 and 7'''-2 will be explained with reference to FIG. 17. A winding machine (not shown) winds a multi-turn conductor wire around the annular stator yoke 19 in a troig shape. Turn to form a first conductor portion 7''-1a that contributes to the generated torque.The conductor portion 7''-1
one terminal 231.a. t, connected to a semiconductor rectifier (not shown). The other terminal 24 of the first conductor portion 17''-1a is connected to the opening angle width of the field magnet 6-1.62 (see FIG. 14) from the conductor portion 7''-1a position, that is, It is guided to the stator yoke 19 position on the annular ring which is shifted in the circumferential direction by an opening angle width of 90 degrees, and at that position, a multi-turn conductive wire is wound in a troigle shape in the opposite direction to the first conductor part 7'''-1a. One armature coil 7''-1 is formed by forming the second conductor portion 7''-1b which contributes to the generated torque by turning.

The terminal 25 of the second conductor portion 7''-1b is connected to one terminal 32 of the armature coil 7''-4. Thereafter, the second conductor part that contributes to the torque generated by the armature coil 7'''-1 is also moved by the winding machine to the annular ring 3 () degrees in front of the armature coil 7'''-111 in the circumferential direction. A multi-turn conductive wire is wound in a troig shape around the stator yoke 19 of No. 2 to form a first conductor portion 7''-2a that contributes to the generated torque. One terminal of the first conductor portion 7''-2a. 2G is connected to a semiconductor rectifier (not shown). The other terminal 27 of the conductor portion 7''-2-a is further connected to the opening angle width of the field magnet 6-L 6-2 from the first conductor portion 7''-2a position, that is, 90 mm. The stator yoke 19 is guided to the position of the stator yoke 19 which is shifted in the circumferential direction by an opening angle width of
'-1)) Similarly, a second conductor part 7''-2b is formed by winding in a troigle shape and approaches the generated torque, and the first nine second conductor parts 7''-2a, 7''' -211
The armature coil 7''-2 is formed by the terminal 28 of the second conductor portion 7''2b.
'-5 terminal 35. Armature coil winding operation like this? ``'-3, . . . , 7''''-6 also allows the armature 8'''' shown in FIG. 16 to be easily installed and winding #Q8! can be formed quickly by Referring to FIG. 16, one end r-29 of the armature coil 7''-3a is connected to the semiconductor rectifier, and the other terminal 30 is connected to the second conductor section 7''-3b. Conductor part 7″’-21]
The other terminal 31 of is connected to the terminal 38 of the first conductor portion 7''-'6a of the armature coil 7''-6. Second conductor portion 7 of armature coil 7″-4, 7′-5
″′-4b, 7″′-56 other terminal 34°3
7 is connected to the positive power terminal. Armature coil 7
The other terminal 40 of the second conductor portion 7''-6b of ``''-6
is connected to a semiconductor rectifier.

The first conductor part 33, 36, 39 of the armature coil 7'-4, 7"'-5, 7"'-6 is the second conductor part 7''
-41), 7'5b, and 7''''-6b, respectively.

As is clear from the above, in the previous invention, since most of the armature coils constituting the armature contribute to generation, an axial gap type brushless motor with good performance can be formed at a low cost. Furthermore, even if the armature coil groups are arranged so as to overlap, the armature coil group will not have a double thickness and more conductor parts can be arranged, resulting in a smooth torque ripple and a large This is a highly efficient axial gap type brushless electric motor that can obtain rotational torque.

It goes without saying that the present invention may be applied to an axial gap type commutator motor in which the armature rotates and the field magnet serves as the stator.

As is clear from the above, the prior invention is extremely useful.

However, in the prior invention, the opening angle between the first conductor part and the second conductor part forming the armature coil is 2n-1 times the magnetic pole width of the field magnet (n is a positive integer of 1 or more). (1) Sufficient space cannot be formed on the stator yoke surface containing the armature coil group, and the position sensing element and energization control circuit (semiconductor rectifier, etc.) components cannot be formed on the stator yoke surface. (2) A large number of turns of conductive wire in order to obtain a large rotational torque by the first or second conductor portion forming the armature coil. Roll it up
Even if you try to form a conductor part with a wide y width, it is difficult.
First of all, since the inner diameter of the through hole in the center of the stator yoke is small, the conductor parts overlap in this area, increasing the magnetic gap (air gap) and tending to make it impossible to obtain large rotational torque. (3) Although it varies depending on the number of armature coils and the arrangement phase, the above (1)
) and (2) are further exacerbated, and when a multi-pole field magnet is used to improve rectification characteristics, the first conductor and second conductor of the armature coil The opening angle of the conductor part becomes even narrower, so in this sense as well, the above (
This has the disadvantage that the disadvantages mentioned in 1) and (2) are exacerbated.

(Objectives of the present invention) The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and provides (1) a high-performance axial direction machine that can provide a large number of armature coil groups and obtain large rotational torque with smooth torque ripple; (2) Even if many armature coil groups are arranged in a superimposed arrangement, the armature coils do not overlap twice (therefore, the air gear of the stator yoke and field magnet is To obtain a high-performance axial gap type electric motor that can obtain highly acclaimed rotational torque without increasing the rotational torque.
(3) It is possible to extremely reduce unnecessary conductor parts, (4)
(5) To obtain a highly efficient axial gap type motor by forming an armature coil that is difficult to receive counter-torque; (5) to form a sufficient space on the stator yoke surface having the armature coil group; (6) To form a compact axial gap type electric motor by rationally arranging and incorporating position sensing elements and energization control circuits; (7) To increase the effect of (2) above by avoiding overlapping with the conductor part that contributes to the generated torque of other armature coils, even if the conductor part is formed in the This was done with the aim of achieving the effects obtained in (1) to (6) above.

(Means for achieving the object of the present invention) The axial gap type electric motor which is the object of the present invention has N,
A field magnet having S magnetic poles alternately (21) (1) is a positive integer of 1 or more) and a field magnet that contributes to the generated torque by winding a conductor wire in a toroidal shape around an annular yoke with many turns, etc. one conductor part, and the first conductor part is located at a position shifted in phase from the first conductor part in the circumferential direction by an opening angle width equal to an even multiple or approximately an even multiple of the magnetic pole width of the field magnet. An armature coil in which a second conductor part that contributes to the generated torque is formed by winding a conductor wire in the same direction in a 10-idal shape, and a conductor wire is wound in a toroidal shape in a large number of turns around the annular yoke. A position where a first conductor part contributing to the generated torque is formed, and the phase is shifted in the circumferential direction from the first conductor part by an opening angle width equal to an odd multiple or approximately an odd multiple of the magnetic pole width of the field magnet. and an armature coil that forms a second conductor part that contributes to the generated torque by winding a conductor wire in a toroidal shape in a direction opposite to the first conductor part in a number of turns. an armature disposed on the annular yoke so as not to overlap with the thickness of the magnet, one of the field magnet or the armature is a rotor that rotates relative to the other, and the other is fixed. This is achieved by having a child.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiments of the present invention) The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 18 and subsequent figures.

(First Embodiment of the Present Invention) An axial gap type brushless electric motor as a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19.

Regarding the structure of the axial gap type brushless electric motor,
Since the stator armature 41 of the present invention can be adopted as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 above, the stator armature 41 of the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 18 is a plan view of the stator armature sheath 41 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 19 is a plan view of the field magnet and electric current.
It is a development view with a Pu Isogo coil group.

Referring to FIG. 18, an annular stator yoke 42 made of a magnetic material has two protrusions 42a on the outer periphery.
421) is formed. Further, the stator yoke 42 is provided with three armature coils 43-1, 43-2, and 43-3 wound in a toroidal shape. Two cup bodies 15-1 of electric motor 1'' shown in FIGS. 13 and 14
．． The 14 parts 15a and 15a' of 15-2 are connected to the projection 42a.

The stator armature 41 is formed by stacking the stator armatures 42h through 42h and fixing the shafts with screws (not shown), and the field magnets 6
-1.6-2 is placed face to face.

Armature coil 43-1 wound around stator yoke 42
．． ..., 4.3-3 are the radial conductor portions 43a-1 and 4:l-'1. which contribute to the generated torque. .

43a 2 and 43b -2, 43a-3 and 43b-3
It is formed by. The armature coil 43-1 is
The opening angle between the first conductor portion 43a-1 that contributes to the generated torque and the second conductor portion 43b-1 that contributes to the generated torque is
field magnet) 6-1. .

An even number multiple of the magnetic pole width (90 degrees in mechanical angle) of 6-2 (4 poles), in this example, twice the opening angle width, that is, 180 degrees in mechanical angle (360 degrees in electrical angle). ) or approximately 18
It is formed by winding at 0 degrees. The armature coils 43-2 and 43-3 have a first conductor portion 43a that contributes to the generated torque.
-2, 43a-3 and the second conductor portions 43b-2, 43b-3 that contribute to the generated torque are the field magnet 6
-1.6-2 odd number times the magnetic pole width, in this example equal times,
That is, it is formed by winding at 90 degrees in mechanical angle (180 degrees in electrical angle) or approximately 90 degrees. These three armature coils 43-1. ....

43-3 forms a three-phase axial gap type brushless electric motor. In FIG. 19, armature coil 43
-1. . . , the above-mentioned conductor portions 43a-1, -, 4 of 43-3
3n-3, 43b-1, -, 43b-3 indicated by dotted lines indicate the lower conductor portion of the stator yoke 42 indicated by diagonal lines.

With reference to FIGS. 18 and 19, stator yoke 42
A first conductor portion 43n-1 in the radial direction that contributes to the generated torque is formed by winding the conductive wire in a toroidal shape with many turns, and one end 61 of the first conductor portion 43'a-1 is connected to a semiconductor rectifier. Connect to 44.

45-1. ．． 45-2 are a positive power terminal and a negative power terminal, respectively. The other terminal 46 of the first conductor portion 43a-1 is connected to a position of the stator yoke 42 which is out of phase with the mechanical angle by 180 degrees.
A conductive wire is wound in a toroidal shape with many turns in the same direction so that the current flows in the same direction as 1 to form a radial second conductor portion 43b-1 that contributes to the generated torque, and the second conductor The other terminal 47 of section 4.311-1 is connected to semiconductor rectifier 44.

Armature coil 43-1 is formed as described above.

Next, the armature coil 43-2 is connected to the first conductor portion 43n.
, 1. A first conductor part 43a in the radial direction that contributes to the generated torque by winding a conductive wire in a toroidal shape with many turns around the stator yoke 42 part which is out of phase by 30 degrees or almost 30 degrees in mechanical angle in the circumferential direction. -2, and guide the other terminal 48 of the first conductor part 43a 2 to the stator yoke 42 part which is out of phase by 90 degrees in mechanical angle or approximately 90 degrees in mechanical angle, and leads the other terminal 48 of the first conductor part 43a A conductive wire is wound in a toroidal shape with many turns in the direction opposite to the first conductor n 43 a 2 so that a current flows in the opposite direction to -2, thereby forming a second isometric part 43 b 2 that contributes to the generated torque. It is formed by doing. One terminal 49 of the first conductor part 43a--2 and the other terminal 50 of the second conductor part 43b-2
is connected to the semiconductor rectifier 4a.

Next, the armature coil 43-3 is connected to the first conductor portion 43u.
-1 to 60 degrees or approximately 60 degrees in mechanical angle, and 3 in mechanical angle from 43a-2 to 43a-2 in mechanical angle.
A first conductor portion 43a in the radial direction that contributes to the generated torque by winding a conductive wire in an i-roigle shape with many turns around the stator yoke 42 portion with a phase shift of 0 degrees or approximately 30 degrees.3
and the other terminal 51 of the first conductor part 4.3a-3 is connected to the first conductor part 43a-1 at a mechanical angle of 120 degrees or approximately 150 degrees. The conductor portion 43a 2 leads to the stator yoke 42 portion f which is 120 degrees or approximately 120 degrees in mechanical angle and 90 degrees out of phase in mechanical angle from the first conductor portion 43a-3, and the first conductor portion turns; It is formed by forming a second conductor portion 43b-3 that is wound in a toroidal shape and contributes to the generated torque. One terminal 52 of the first conductor portion 43a 3 and the other terminal 53 of the second conductor portion 43b-3 are connected to the semiconductor rectifier 44.

54, 55, 56 are armature coils 4:3-1, respectively.
This is a magneto-electric conversion element such as a Hall element or a Hall IC used as a position detection element for 43-2.43-3. This magnetoelectric conversion element 54. . . , 56 is, for example, the first conductor portion 43a 1. . . , 43a, -3 are disposed at the stator yaw 242 portion opposite to each other. However, one open space 57 above the top of the stator yoke 42 may be provided. - the element 54. . . , 56 detect the Ni or S& magnetic pole of the field magnet 6-1 or 6-2, thereby detecting the armature coil 43-1. ...,
By applying current in a predetermined direction to each of 43-3,
It generates rotational torque in a predetermined direction, and rotates the rotor (rotary shaft 18, rotor yoke 21°2 in FIGS. 13 and 14).
2. The field magnets 6'-1, 6-2) can be rotated in a predetermined direction relative to the stator armature 41.

According to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIGS.
As is clear from the figure, there is a large space 57 on the open stator yoke 42 surface between the first conductor section 43a-1 and the second conductor section 43b-1, and the first conductor section 43a-3 and the second conductor section 43b. -2 by forming a small space 58 between them.

Therefore, by effectively utilizing these spaces 57 and 58, the stator yoke 42 of these spaces 57 and 58 can be
On the surface, the magnetoelectric transducer 54. ....

56 or the electrical components constituting the semiconductor rectifier 44 can be arranged extremely easily and rationally.

When the three armature coils 7 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are used, when the armature coils 7 are opened,
It may be troublesome to arrange the above-mentioned electrical components with sufficient margin, or it may be troublesome to arrange the above-mentioned electrical components in the cavity within the frame of the armature coil 7, or the electrical components may be disposed. However, as described above, in the present invention, there is a large space 57 on the stator yoke 42 surface (there is an upper and lower surface), so by rationally using these together with the space 58,
The electrical parts mentioned above can be easily installed and removed. Moreover, since the electrical components can be easily arranged,
Since it is easy to arrange the electric components flatly, the field air gap does not increase, and an extraordinary rotational torque can be obtained.

Furthermore, in the case of the conventional electric motor shown in FIG. 14, since the conductor parts in the radial direction are formed at equal intervals, it is not possible to form a large space on the stator yoke 42 surface between the conductor parts.
Although electric circuit components cannot be easily disposed as in the above-mentioned conventional system, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a large space 57,58 can be formed as described above, so that electric circuit components can be easily disposed. . Furthermore, in the case of the armatures 8'' and 8'' shown in FIGS. 14 and 16, it is troublesome to form the conductor portion in the radial direction of the armature coil 7'' to be wide. In the case of the stator armature 41 of the first embodiment of the present invention, when the first conductor part 43a-2 and the second conductor part 43b-3 are formed with wide widths, the first conductor part 43a -1 and 2nd (7) W body WIS43b 1
5711111: First conductor portion 43a~
3 and the second conductor part 431)-2 to the space 58 side, the conductor wire can be wound around the stator yoke 42 in a large number of turns in a troigle shape to form a wide wire. By obtaining torque, it is possible to obtain a tongue axial gap type brushless input motor.

In the case described in item 1, the conductor wire is guided to the position of the substator yoke 42 which is at an appropriate angle between the first conductor parts 43a- and 11+43a2+43a3, and the conductor wires are connected to the second conductor parts 4.3b-1 and 43b-2. ,'4
3b-3, but in reality, if the stator yaw 242 is a printed wiring board as shown in FIG. End and second conductor portions 43b-1, 43b-2', 43
It is sufficient to connect one end of b-3 to the conductive pattern portion of the printed wiring board. In order to use the stator yoke 242 as a printed wiring board, an insulating Mj 59 is formed on at least one surface of the stator yoke 42, and a printed power distribution pattern 60 made of copper foil formed by etching or the like is formed on the upper surface. , one terminal 61.49, 52 of the first conductor portion 43a-1, 43n-2, 43a-3 of the armature coil 43-1.43-2.43-3 is attached to this printed power distribution pattern 60. Second conductor part 43b-'1°4
, 3 b -2, the other terminal 47, 50 of 43 b -3
.

If the terminals of the electrical components 62 constituting the semiconductor rectifier 44 are also connected, the present invention can be made even more useful. In this case, if a printed circuit board made of a non-magnetic material is provided on the stator yoke 42 surface,
Since the field air gap increases by the thickness of the printed circuit board, this has the disadvantage that a large rotational torque cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is desirable to do as described in FIG. As described above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, there is sufficient space in the stator yoke 42 for arranging the electric circuit, so this portion is extended in the radial outward direction. When the extension part is used, the protrusion 15 of the force/pull body 15-1.15-2
Since the portions 42a and 42b that are engaged and fixed to the portions 15a and 15a' are sufficiently formed, the stator armature 41 can be fixed in a reasonable manner.

Conventionally, as shown in an axial gap type brushless electric motor 63 in FIG. Since the diameter of the portion 64a becomes smaller toward the center, the wall thickness of the armature coil 65 near the center through-hole portion 64a may become thicker. There is a possibility that the ear gap 67 becomes large and a large rotational torque cannot be obtained.

In such a case, the present invention can be utilized more effectively by employing a stator plate 68 made of a non-magnetic material as shown in FIG. That is, a stator plate 68 made of a non-magnetic material and having substantially the same shape as the stator yaw 264 is formed. The central through hole 69 of this stator plate 68 is formed into a polygonal shape. By doing so, the wall thickness of the armature coil 65 near the six central through holes can be made thinner, so that the field air gap 67 does not become larger as shown in FIG. 21. In this case, an annular stator yoke 64 is fixedly attached to the lower surface of the stator plate 68 by pasting or the like. , l, +7
．． , without using the stator plate 68, the stator yoke 42
The center hole 43c (FIG. 18) may be formed into a polygonal shape. However, the center through hole 42c of the stator yoke 42
If the stator plate 68 is made into a polygon, fagging will occur, so it is desirable to use the stator plate 68 described above. Since the stator plate 68 is made of a non-magnetic material, the central through hole 69
Even if it is formed into a polygonal shape, fugging will not occur. A printed power distribution pattern 60 is formed on the lower surface of the stator yoke 64 via an insulating layer 59, and an electric circuit component 62 is formed in the gap between the armature coil 65 and the printed power distribution pattern 6.
It is best to connect and arrange it by soldering to 0.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 23, an insulating layer 59 may be provided on the stator plate 68, a printed power distribution pattern 60 may be formed on the insulating layer 59, and an electric circuit component 62 may be soldered.

(Second Embodiment of the Present Invention) The second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 and 25. The second embodiment is N.

An 8-pole field magnet 70 with S magnetic poles alternately magnetized at an opening angle of 45 degrees is used, and 5 armature coils 71
-1. ..., 71-5 form the stator armature 72. Stator armature 7 of this second embodiment of the present invention
In the case of 2, 5 electric machines.

Although it has the child coils 71-1, . . . , 71-5, the position detection element (magnetoelectric conversion element) 73°74,
．． The feature is that only three pieces of 75 are required, so that it can be formed at low cost. In addition, in the case of an axial gap type brushless electric motor constructed using an 8-pole field magnet 70 and five conventional armature coils 7 shown in FIG. 2, a stator yoke 76 as shown in FIG. However, the stator armature 72 of the second embodiment of the present invention can be
According to the above, since a large space 77 can be formed in the stator yaw 276, the magnetoelectric transducer 7 can be formed on the surface of this space 77.
3, 74, 75 and the electrical components constituting the semiconductor rectifier 44 can be arranged rationally and easily. In addition, five armature coils 71-1. ..., 71-5 are used, among which the armature coil 71-2 is the first conductor portion 71. which contributes to the generated torque. a-2L,
There is no second conductor portion. That is, when using the conventional armature coil 7 in the shape of a fan frame as shown in FIG. It is not possible to leave one conductor section 7a or 71], and the armature coil 7 itself has to be deleted, which makes it impossible to obtain an extraordinary rotational torque, and, as mentioned above, a partial space is required. Since it is not possible to form the electric circuit components on the armature surface, it is not possible to rationally arrange the electric circuit components on the armature surface.

The five armature coils 71-1, . . . , '71-5 constituting the stator armature of the second embodiment of the present invention may be wound as follows. A first conductor portion 71a-1 that contributes to the torque generated by the armature coil 71-1 is formed by winding a conductive wire around the stator yoke 76 in a multi-turn troigle shape. The outer winding end terminal 78 is separated from the first conductor portion 71a-1 by 90 degrees in mechanical angle (3 in electrical angle).
60 degrees) to the position of the stator yoke 76 whose phase is shifted in the circumferential direction, and in the same direction as the first conductor part 71a-1 so that the current flows in the same direction as the first conductor part 'Ijm-'J. Then, the armature coil 71-1 is formed by winding the conductive wire in a Troigle shape with many turns to form the second conductor portion 711]-1 that contributes to the generated torque. Second conductor portion '7 that contributes to the generated torque of armature coil 71-1
The winding end terminal 79 of 1b-1 is connected to the first conductor portion 71
180 degrees in mechanical angle (720 degrees in electrical angle) from a -1,
90 degrees mechanical angle from the second conductor section 71.11-1
(360 degrees in electrical angle) to the stator yoke 76 position shifted in phase in the circumferential direction, and the conductor portions 71a-1, 71b-
1 so that the current flows in the same direction as conductor portion 71.1. a-1
, 71b-1, the armature coil 71- is formed by forming a first conductor portion 71a-2 that contributes to the generated torque by winding the conductive wire in a toroidal shape with many turns.
2 is wound around the stator yoke 76. The winding start terminal 80 of the first conductor part 71a-1 and the winding end terminal 81 of the first conductor part 71a-2 are connected to the semiconductor rectifier 44, respectively. The magnetoelectric conversion element 73 is a position detection element for the armature coil 71-1.71-2. Mechanical angle from the first conductor portion 71a-1
The conductor portion 71a-1 is placed at a position of the stator yoke 7G which is out of phase in the circumferential direction by 22.5 degrees (90 degrees in electrical angle).
A radial first conductor portion 71a- which contributes to the generated torque by winding the conductor wire in a toroidal shape with many turns in the same direction as the
3, and the winding end terminal 82 of the first conductor part 71a-3 is connected at 45 degrees in mechanical angle (180 degrees in electrical angle) from the first conductor part 71a-3. 71a-1
At the position of the stator yoke 76, which is out of phase by 67.5 degrees in mechanical angle (270 degrees in electrical angle),
A radial second conductor that contributes to the generated torque by winding a conducting wire in a toroidal shape with many turns in a direction opposite to the first conductor portion 71a-3 so that a current flows in the opposite direction to 1a-3. The armature coil 71-3 is formed by winding the portion 711+-3 around the stator yoke 76. The winding end terminal 83 of the second conductor part 7111-3 is connected to the conductor part 71.11-3 by 45 degrees in mechanical angle (180 degrees in electrical angle), and - from the first conductor part 71a 1 in mechanical angle. The first conductor portion 71a-
3 and in the opposite direction to the second conductor part 71b-3, the first conductor part 71a-4 is wound around the stator yoke 76 by winding the conductor wire in a toroidal shape with many turns. The winding end terminal 84 of the first conductor part 71a-4 is 4 in mechanical angle.
5 degrees (180 degrees in electrical angle), the first conductor portion 71a-
1 to 157.5 mechanical degrees (63 f electrical degrees)
A radial second conductor is provided at a position of the stator yoke 76 whose phase is shifted in the circumferential direction, in the opposite direction to the first conductor portion 71a-4, by winding a conductive wire in a toroidal shape with many turns to contribute to the generated torque. By wrapping the portion 7113-4 around the stator yoke 76, the armature coil 71-4 is wound around the stator yoke 76. The above armature coil 71
The winding start terminal 85 of the first conductor portion 71a-3 of the armature coil 7j-3 and the winding end terminal 86 of the second conductor portion 71t+-4 of the armature coil 7j-4 are connected to the semiconductor rectifier 44.

The magnetoelectric conversion element 74 is the armature coil 71-3.71-4
It is used as a position sensing element for 45 degrees in mechanical angle (180 degrees in electrical angle) from the first conductor portion 71a 1
degree), 22.degree. in mechanical angle from the first conductor portion 71a-3.
At the position of the stator yoke 76 which is out of phase in the circumferential direction by 5 degrees (90 degrees in electrical angle), a conductive wire is wound in a toroidal shape with many turns in the same direction as the first conductor portion 71a-1, thereby contributing to the generated torque. The winding of the conductor portion 71a 5 and the terminal terminal 87 are wound at 90 degrees mechanical angle (360 degrees electrical angle) from the first conductor portion 71a 5 . The first conductor part 71, a-1 is placed at a position of the stator yoke 76 which is out of phase by 135 degrees in mechanical angle (540 degrees in electrical angle), so that current flows in the same direction as the first conductor part 71a-5. , the first conductor portion 71a-
The armature coil 71-5 is connected to the stator yoke 7 by winding the conductive wire in the same direction as the stator yoke 7 by winding the conductive wire in 10 turns in the same direction as the armature coil 71-5.
It is wrapped in 6. A winding start terminal 88 and eight winding end terminals of the armature coil 71-5 are connected to the semiconductor rectifier 44. The magnetoelectric conversion element 75 is connected to the armature coil 71-
This is the position sensing element No. 5. The magnetoelectric conversion elements 73, 74
．． 75 is the first conductor portion 71a-1, 71a-3,
Although it may be arranged at the position of the stator yoke 76 facing the stator yoke 71a-5, it is preferable for mass production to arrange it at the position of the space 71 where the phase is the same.

(Third embodiment of the present invention) Figures 26 and 27 show a third embodiment of the invention.

This consists of an 8-pole field magnet 70 and 6 armature coils 90-1. ..., 90-6 form an axial gap type brushless electric motor. The magnetoelectric conversion element 92 includes armature coils 90-1 and 90
The magnetoelectric transducer 93 is a position detection element for the armature coils 90-3, 90-4 and 90-5, and the magnetoelectric transducer 94 is a position detection element for the armature coils 90-3, 90-4 and 90-5.
This is a position sensing element for 0-6.

A conductor portion 90a-1 that contributes to generated torque is formed by winding a conductive wire in a toroidal shape with many turns around the annular stator yaw 295 shown in FIG. a
The terminal 97 at the end of winding 1 is guided to the stator yoke 95 whose phase is shifted in the circumferential direction by 490 degrees in mechanical angle (360 degrees in electrical angle), and a current flows in the same direction as the conductor portion 91). The armature coil 90-1 is formed by winding a conductive wire in the same direction as the conductor part 90a1 in a toroidal shape with many turns to form the second conductor part 90b-2 that contributes to the generated torque. is forming. A winding start terminal 98 of the first conductor portion 90n-1 is connected to the semiconductor rectifier 44. Said second conductor portion 90b=
The winding end terminal 99 of No. 1 is guided clockwise from the conductor portion 90b-1 to a position of the stator yoke 95 which is out of phase by 90 degrees in mechanical angle (360 degrees in electrical angle).
A conductive wire is wound in a toroidal shape with many turns in the same direction as -1 so that the current flows in the same direction as the second conductor part 90b-2 that contributes to the generated torque, and the second conductor part 9
The winding end terminal 100 of 0b-2 is guided counterclockwise to a position of the stator yoke 95 which is out of phase in the circumferential direction by 45 degrees in mechanical angle (180 degrees in electrical angle), and is connected to the second conductor portion 90b.
2, a conductor is connected in the opposite direction to the conductor portion 9013-2 so that a current in the opposite direction can flow.
) is wound in a toroidal shape with many turns to form a radial first conductor portion 9 (1a2) that contributes to the generated torque, thereby connecting the armature coil 90-2 to the stator yoke 9.
The winding is formed on 5. The first conductor portion 90! l-2
The winding end terminal 101 is connected to the semiconductor rectifier 44 . A conductive wire is connected to the stator yoke 95 at a position shifted clockwise from the first conductor part 90a 1 by 22.5 degrees in mechanical angle (90 degrees in electrical angle).
A radial first conductor portion 90a that is wound in a toroidal shape with many turns in the same direction as a-1 and contributes to the generated torque.
-3, and the winding end terminal 102 of the first conductor portion 90a-3 is connected to the stator yoke 95 which is clockwise out of phase by 45 mechanical degrees (180 electrical degrees) from the conductor portions 90a-3. conductor portion 90a-3 so as to allow current to flow in the opposite direction to the conductor portion 90a-3.
The armature coil 90-3 is wound around the stator yoke 95 by winding the conducting wire in a toroidal shape with many turns in the direction opposite to the direction of the armature coil 90-3. First conductor part 90a
The winding start terminal 103 of No. 3 is connected to the semiconductor rectifier 44 . The winding end terminal 104 of the second conductor portion 90b-3 is guided clockwise from the conductor portion 90113 to a position of the stator yoke 95 which is out of phase by 45 degrees in mechanical angle (180 degrees in electrical angle). )-3, the conductor is wound in a toroidal shape with many turns to wind the first conductor portion 90a=4 in the radial direction that contributes to the generated torque, and the terminal 106 of the conductor portion 90a-4 is connected to the conductor. Part 90a
The conductor section 90a is placed at a position of the stator yoke 95 which is clockwise out of phase from -4 by 90 degrees in mechanical angle (360 degrees in electrical angle) so that the current flows in the same direction as the conductor section 90a-4. -4, the stator yoke 9
An armature coil 90-4 is wound around the armature coil 90-4. The winding end terminal 107 of the second conductor portion 90b-4 is guided clockwise to a position of the stator yoke 95 which is out of phase with the circumferential direction by 90 degrees in mechanical angle (360 degrees in electrical angle).
In the opposite direction, a second radial conductor portion 90 winds the conductor wire in a toroidal shape with many turns and contributes to the generated torque.
b-5, and guide the winding end terminal 108 of the second conductor portion 90b-5 counterclockwise to the stator yaw 295 position which is out of phase by 45 degrees in mechanical angle (180 degrees in electrical angle), and Armature coil 90 -5 is wound around the stator yoke 95. Winding end terminal 1 of first conductor portion 90a-5
0 is connected to a semiconductor rectifier 44.

A conductive wire is wound in a toroidal shape in a large number of turns at a position of the stator yoke 95 which is clockwise out of phase by 22.5 degrees in mechanical angle (90 degrees in electrical angle) from the second conductor portion 9t)b-4, First conductor portion 90a-6 that contributes to generated torque
The conductor part 90a, the winding of -6 and the end terminal 110 are connected to the conductor part! 30a-6 to a stator yoke 95 position that is out of phase by 90 degrees in mechanical angle (360 degrees in electrical angle), and the conductor portion! ] The armature coil 90-
6 is formed into a winding. The winding start terminal 111 of the conductor $90a-6 and the winding end terminal 11 of the conductor portion 90b-6
2 is connected to a semiconductor rectifier 44.

In this way, the stator armature 91 of the third embodiment of the present invention
, a space 113. is formed on the stator yoke 95 surface. ..., 116 can be formed, so for example,
Conductor portions 9011-1, 90a 3゜Magnetoelectric conversion elements 92, 93, 94 disposed at positions b opposite to 90a-6
can be easily placed in spaces 1, '13, 114, and 115, which are in phase.

(Fourth Embodiment of the Present Invention) FIGS. 28 and 29 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which a conductor portion contributing equally to the generated torque is wound in a toroidal shape over the entire surface of the stator yoke 118. The stator armature 119 is formed by In addition, this fourth embodiment does not take into account the arrangement of electric circuit parts on the stator yoke 118 surface, and simply uses an axial gap type brushless that can obtain extraordinary rotational torque and has smooth torque ripple with good efficiency. This was done to obtain an electric motor.

Incidentally, the field magnet 70 has a diameter of 8 as shown in FIG.
We will use the extreme one. , stator yoke 103
16 conductor parts 11 '111-1. which contribute to the generated torque are made by winding the conductor wire in a toroidal manner by making many turns in a clockwise direction at equal intervals of 22.5 degrees in mechanical angle. 117a
-5,117b-1,117a-7,11'7a-2,
117b-5, 117b-2.

1171]-7, 117a-3, 117a-6, 117
b-3, 117a-8, I'l 7a-4, 117b
6.

117, b=4. ．． 117b-8 is formed by winding.

Armature coil 117-1. ..., 117-8 are the conductor parts 117al and 11'7b=1.117a-2, respectively.
and 117b-2, 117a-3 and 117b-3, 11,
7a-4 and 117b-4, 117a-5 and 117b-5
, 117a-6 and 147b-6, 117a-7 and 117
13-7.117g-8 and 117b-8. The conductor portion 117a-1, 1 piece 7a=-2, 1 piece 7a-3.

1 1 7a 4. 1 1 7a-, 5, 117
1) -5°117a 6. 117b=6. 117
a 7゜117b-7, 11, 7a-8, 11-71
)-8 are formed by winding conductive wires in the same direction.

Conductor portions 117b-1, 117b-2, 117b-3゜1
17b-4 is the conductor portion 117a-1,++.

117a-8, 11711-5, ++, 1.17b-
The winding is formed in the opposite direction to 8. The conductor portion 117
al and 117b 1. 117u-2 and 117b
2.11.7a-3 and 117b-3 and IF7a-4 and 117b-4 are 45 degrees in mechanical angle (180 degrees in electrical angle)
They are arranged with a phase shift of one angle in the circumferential direction. Conductor part 117
a-5 and 117b-5゜117a-6 and 117b-6,
117a-7 and 117b-7, 117a-8 and 11.7
11-8 is formed with a phase shift in the circumferential direction by 90 degrees in mechanical angle (360 degrees in electrical angle). The conductor portion 117
Winding start terminal 120 of a-1, 117a-5, 117'a 7. 121. 122 and conductor portion 117b-6
゜117b-4, 1, 17, b-8 winding end terminal 12
3.degree. 124 and 125 are connected to the semiconductor rectifier 44, respectively. First conductor portion 117 that contributes to generated torque
a-1,..., 117a-8 winding end terminal 126
, . . . , 131 are the winding start terminals 132 . . . of the second conductor portions 117 b - 1 , . ..., the winding end terminal 140 of the second conductor part 1171-1 is connected to the winding start terminal 141 of the first conductor part 117a2.
, the winding end terminal 142 of the second conductor portion 1171+-2
to the winding start terminal 143 of the first conductor portion 117a=3,
The winding end terminal 144 of the second conductor part 117b-3 is connected to the winding start terminal 145 of the first conductor part 117a-4, and the winding end terminal 146 of the second conductor part 1171+-5 is connected to the first winding start terminal 145 of the second conductor part 117b-3. A second wire is connected to the winding start terminal 147 of the conductor portion 117a6.
Outer winding end terminal 14 of conductor portion 111b-7
8 is connected to the winding start terminal 149 of the first conductor portion 117a-8. The magnetoelectric conversion element 150 includes 117-1,
..., 1.17-4 is a position sensing element.

The magnetoelectric conversion element 151 is an edge surface detection element for 117=5 and 117-6. Magnetoelectric transducer 152 is a position sensing element for armature coils 117-7 and 117-8.

As is clear from the above, the fourth embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
8 pole field magnet 70 and 8 armature coils 117
-1, . . . , 117-8, the armature coils do not have double thickness, and the field air gap does not increase.

However, the conventional frame-shaped coil 153. ..., 160 to 8
When using 8 poles (the field magnet has 8 poles),
When the stator armature 161 is formed by arranging the radial conductor parts contributing to the generated torque at equal intervals, the third
As is clear from Figure 0, the armature coils overlap in double thickness, and the field air gap increases by the thickness of one armature coil, making it impossible to obtain a large rotational torque. In this sense as well, the fourth embodiment of the present invention is very useful.

(Other Embodiments) In the above embodiments, an axial gap type brushless motor was explained, but the field magnet 7 serves as a stator, and the armature rotates with its surface facing the field magnet. It goes without saying that the present invention is also applicable to an axial gap type commutator.

Further, in the above embodiment, the field magnet is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the armature, but the present invention is not limited to this. The armature may be arranged in multiple stages.

Further, in the above embodiment, the armature coil forming the - number of armature coils has an opening angle of two conductor parts contributing to the generated torque in the radial direction, which is one part and twice the magnetic pole of the field magnet. Although the opening angle width is shown, it may be n (n=3 or more) times the opening angle width, and furthermore, these opening angle widths may be rationally combined.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, an example was shown in which a 4-pole or 8-pole field magnet was used, but the present invention is not limited to these, and a 2p (p is a positive integer of 3 or 5 or more) pole magnet may be used. It's okay.

(Effects of the present invention) As is clear from the above configuration, the present invention provides an arrangement in which the opening angle between the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion, which are wound in a troigle shape and which contribute to the generated torque, is an odd number multiple. The armature is made up of a rational combination of objects and even-numbered objects.
(1) By arranging many armature coil groups, a high-performance axial gap type motor with smooth torque ripple and large rotational torque can be obtained. (2) Armature tool groups are arranged in a superimposed manner. Even if a large number of armature coils are installed, the field air gap does not increase because the armature coils are double-layered and the thickness does not overlap by one. (3) Despite its high performance, an inexpensive axial gap type motor with extremely few wasteful conductor parts can be obtained; (4) Efficiency can be improved by forming an armature coil that is difficult to enter. (5) It is possible to easily form a sufficient space on the stator yoke surface containing the armature coil group, so the position sensing element and the energization control circuit can be installed in the space. (6) The conductor part that contributes to the generated torque is made wide by winding the conductor wire in many turns. Even if formed, the effect of (2) above can be enhanced because it does not have a double thickness with other conductor parts that contribute to the generated torque.
(7) Even if a multi-pole field magnet is used, the above useful effects (1) to (6) can be achieved, which is an effect that has never been seen before.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional axial air gap type brushless motor, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the armature shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the field magnet shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a A developed view of the armature shown in Fig. 2 and the field magnet shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 shows the bottom side of the two-pole field magnet 1, and Fig. 6 shows the axial air gap with the field magnet shown in Fig. 5. Plan view of a conventional armature coil used in a type branless motor 1. Figure 7 shows the voltage + of Figure 6.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a conventional armature consisting of a group of coils, and FIG. 8 is a bottom view of a 2 (1ffi) field magnet. FIG. Figure 10 is a plan view of a conventional armature consisting of six armature coils when the field magnet shown in Figure 3 is used.
Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the conventional method of overlapping armature coils, and Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional method of overlapping armature coils. Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional axial gap type brushless motor with field magnets arranged on both sides having a toroidally wound armature coil;
13 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 13, FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a conventional toroidally wound armature coil, FIG. 16 is a perspective view of an armature made of the armature coil of FIG. 1
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the armature winding method, FIG. 18 is a plan view of the stator armature of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
Fig. 8 shows a four-pole field magnet and a stator armature consisting of three armature coils.
Fig. 21 is a vertical cross-sectional view of another stator yoke used in the one shown in Fig. 8, and Fig. 21 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional axial gap type brushless motor with field magnets arranged on one side and having a toroidally wound armature. 22 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a stator plate for winding an armature as an example of solving the conventional drawbacks, and FIG.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of another stator plate, Figure 24 is a plan view of the armature of the second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 25 is a developed view of the 8-pole field magnet and the armature of Figure 24, Fig. 26 is a plan view of an armature consisting of six armature coils according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 27 is an illustration of the armature shown in Fig. 26 and an 8vi field magnet. (Figure @28 is 8 of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 29 is a plan view of an armature consisting of armature coils, and FIG. 29 is a developed view of the armature and eight-pole field magnet shown in FIG.
FIG. 30 is a plan view of an armature consisting of eight armature coils when a conventional eight-pole field magnet is used. 6.6', 6" +6 1.6 2y66f70...
Field magnet 1, '7.7',? ”, 7′, 43, 65, 71.9
0,117°153,...,160...Electric T-coil, 8.8',8. ．． 8″, 8′, 8′～
, 41.72, 91°119.161... Armature, 7a, 7b, 7a'', 7b', 7a'', 7b'' -
Conductor portions that contribute to generated torque, 7′a, 7′a −1, −, 7″′a −6, 4,
'3a -1,・++. 43a-1,71il...l'7i 5+90a-
1,, ++90a-6.117a-1,-,117a-
8 First conductor portions contributing to the torque generated, 7'b, 7'b-1,..., 7'''11-6
,431)-1,... 43b-3, 71, b-1,..., 71 b-5,
90, b −1. ..., 901+ 6 + 117 b 1 +・
..., 1]]7b-8...Second conductor portion contributing to generated torque, 9.9-1. ..., 9-3.73, 74, 75.92
,93°94.150,1.51,152...Magnetoelectric conversion element (position detection element), 10. '44... Semiconductor rectifier, 1"9, 42, 64.... Stator yoke, 68... Stator plate, 59... Absolute # & layer, 6 ()
...Printed power distribution pattern, 62...Electrical circuit parts. Fig. 5 Fig. 7 Fig. 8' Fig. 6 vJ9 Fig.'t JIO Fig. Boiled I3 Fig. 18 Fig. 79 Fig. 20 Fig. 21 *2 + Fig.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A 2P (P is a positive integer of 2 or more) pole field magnet having 1, N, and S magnetic poles alternately, and a conductive wire wound in a toroidal shape around an annular yoke with many turns. A position where a first conductor part contributing to the generated torque is formed, and the phase is shifted in the circumferential direction from the first conductor part by an opening angle width equal to an even multiple or approximately an even multiple of the magnetic pole width of the field magnet. an armature coil in which a second conductor part that contributes to the generated torque is formed by winding a conductor wire in a toroidal shape in the same direction as the first conductor part, and a conductor wire in a toroidal shape around the annular yoke; A first conductor portion that contributes to the generated torque is formed by winding a large number of turns, etc., and a conductor portion is wound around the first conductor portion by an opening angle width equal to an odd multiple or approximately an odd multiple of the magnetic pole width of the field magnet. An armature coil is formed with a second conductor part that contributes to the generated torque by winding a conductive wire in a toroidal shape with many turns in the opposite direction to the first conductor part at a position out of phase with the first conductor part. and an armature disposed on the annular yoke so that the conductor portion contributing to the thickness does not overlap with the double thickness, and relatively rotates either the field magnet or the armature. An axial gap type electric motor characterized by having a rotor and a stator. 2. The axial gap type electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of armature coils are arranged so as not to overlap each other with other armature coils. 3. Place another armature coil between the first conductor part and the second conductor part forming the one armature coil so as not to overlap the first conductor part or the second conductor part. Claims 1 or 2 are characterized in that the armature coil is arranged so that the first or second conductor portion of the armature coil is interposed therebetween so that the armature coil does not overlap with a double thickness. The axial gap type electric motor described in . 4. The above-mentioned armature is characterized in that one of the armature coils has no conductor portion, either the first conductor portion or the second conductor portion. 1
The axial gap type electric motor according to any one of Items 1 and 2.