JPS6186153A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a tool to be correctly mounted to a tool magazine, by inputting a machining position and shape as a machining program and automatically selecting the tool used in the machining program. CONSTITUTION:A machine tool has the first memory means 1a storing a respective kind and shape of tools in quantity larger than a predetermined number of tools. While the machine tool has the second memory means 2 storing a machining program instructing a machining position and shape in the order of a machining process. Further the machine tool has an arithmetic means selecting a tool, used in the machining program, to be displayed from the tools in the first memory means 1. Here the arithmetic means 3, if the machining program is stored in the second memory means 2, calculates the program so as to select the tool, used in the machining program, to be displayed from the tools in the first memory means 1a. Accordingly, a machine tool user, if the mounts these displayed tools to a tool magazine, can perform machining in the order of a machining process.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a machine tool that has a predetermined number of tools and performs multiple types of machining continuously while changing the tools under computer control.

"Conventional technology" Conventionally, in machine tools equipped with automatic tool changers,
In advance, extract the tools that will be used for all machining up to the final machining shown in the design drawings, install those tools in a tool magazine, determine their installation position, and use them during the machining program. For each process, the mounting position on the tool machining had to be input into the computer.

In this way, the machining tool and its mounting position must be taken into account when creating a machining program, which makes machine programming cumbersome. It was difficult to do I and W, and there was a risk of making mistakes.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] This invention was made in view of the above problem,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a machining tool in which, by inputting a machining position and shape as a machining program, tools used in the machining program are automatically selected and displayed.

[Means for solving the problem] According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, and the processing position/
A second storage means 2 for storing a machining program that commands a shape, and a calculation means 3 for selecting and displaying a tool used in the machining program from among the tools in the first storage means 1. A machine tool is provided. .

In the above configuration, if a machining program is stored in the second storage means 2, the operator stage 3 stores the tools used in the machining program in the tools of the first storage means 1. Since the calculation is performed so as to select and display the displayed tools, the machine user can perform machining in the order of the machining steps by attaching the displayed tools to the tool counter. Therefore, tool selection and installation become easy and accurate, and the machining program is easy! I can strike cleanly.

"Embodiment" Next, the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the machine tool according to this embodiment, and reference numeral 5 indicates a random access memory 17 (RA).
M), which stores tool information 1&, a pre-processing process 1b for final processing, and a processing program 2. The tool information 1a corresponds to a first storage means (1) that stores the type and shape of each tool. The pre-machining process 1b for the final machining is a memory that assists the tool information 1a, and when the machining program 2 instructs the machining position and shape in the order of the machining process of the final machining, the memory contents of the machining program 2 This is to read out the type and shape of the pre-processing process along with the tools used. 3 is the calculation means (
3) is a central processing unit [(CPtl), 4 is a display device, and is a cathode ray W (CRT);
Controlled by m. 6 is a keyboard, 7 is a lead-on 17 memory (ROM), and 8 is a □ main wheel motor for rotating the tool at the rotational distance of the step.

ROM 7 is processed by CPU 3 according to machining program 2.
, reads out the stored contents of the pre-machining process 1b for the final machining of the tool information 1a, selects the tool to be used in the machining program 2, and performs calculations to display it on the CRT 4.

The stored contents of the tool information 1a include, for example, the tool name, required dimensions, engineer chief, and remaining usage time 1i for each tool number 01 to 06, as shown in the tool list shown in FIG.
A drill,
The required dimensions when registering various tools such as center hole drill, chamfering machine X, tap and seat drill are as follows.
As shown in Figure 3 for the above various types of weapons, for example, for a drill, the tip angle a, the outer diameter -〇, and the blade! t1, etc., and if it is a drill with a seat, the diameter is even smaller -d
A small diameter length l is required, and for a center hole drill, a center angle θ is also required in addition to these. For the tap, the required dimensions for the 6-chamfer tool are the tap part ff1L, outer diameter/nominal diameter, pitch/number of threads, blade length l, and thread direction when registering the required dimensions are the small diameter φd, center angle θ, and outer diameter. −〇 etc.

The required dimensions for registering these tools are shown in Figure 4 (a).
) to (e) are center hole drills and drills, respectively.

Diagrams are provided for each type of tool, such as a tap, chamfering tool, and drill with a seat. ``The number of tools stored in the tool list shown in FIG. 3 is actually about 60.

One of the memory contents of the pre-machining process 1b is, as shown in the tool pattern table shown in FIG. This is a register of tool patterns necessary for various types of machining (R final machining) such as drilling with a seat, boring with a seat, "tub with a seat," top surface milling, reaming, and reaming with a seat (R final machining).For example, for tapping with a chamfer. 1. Center hole drill,
2. Furthermore, as one of the memory contents of the pre-processing step 1b, as shown in the table of tap pilot hole drill diameters shown in FIG. This is to register and memorize a list of the pilot hole drill diameter for the nominal size and pitch at the time.
For example, the pilot hole drill diameter of a tap with a nominal VN 6 + pitch of 1 is 5.0 (1).

Editing the machining program 2 includes the steps of inputting drawing data such as tool diameter (hole diameter), selecting the machining order, changing the tool pattern, assigning/changing tools, changing cutting conditions, -
Steps to display, delete, and arrange programs and memory usage and free space.

Each step, such as input and output from and to an external program storage device, is performed by operating the keyboard 6 shown in FIG.

Figure fIS7 shows the 171 remains of a machine tool that is an automatic tool changer according to this embodiment, and 10 is a feed screw rotated by a feed motor 8, and 11 is a main shaft that is reciprocated by the feed screw 10. It is the head. A main shaft motor 9 is installed on the main shaft rad 11, and 12
The main shaft 13 is driven by the main shaft motor 9.
This also applies to machining of a drill etc. attached to the main spindle 12.

14 is a tool magazine, which has 7 frames 15 and 1 spindle.
The tool support base 16 is rotatably supported on a tool support stand 16 that is movably supported in the axial direction of the tool.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the machine tool, in which 8 is a feed motor, 9 is a spindle motor, and 14 is a tool machine, and the tool machine 14 is covered with a cover. 15 is a frame, and a computer 17 including a keyboard 6 is fixed to this seven frame 15 by a support arm 18. Inside the computer 17, the CPU 3, RAM 5, ROM 7, etc. are housed.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the computer 17. This computer 17 includes a keyboard 6 and a cathode ray tube (CRT).
) 4 screens are provided. The computer 17 is
It also has a function to control the display on the CRT4 m screen. The keyboard 6 also includes a program recording key 6.
1. Numeric keypad 62. Setting key 63 Up/down movement key 64. Delete key 65. A driver key 66, a key manual operation key 67, and the like are provided.

Embodiment 1 In order to display a tool in this machine tool, after going through step 101 of inputting a machining program as shown in the 70-chart shown in FIG. The tool used for the vocabulary program in step 102 of executing the 4
This is what is displayed on the screen.

Then, when the tools displayed on both sides of the CRT 4 have been correctly installed on the tool machine 14, machining starts at step 10.
You can do 3.

The final processing explained in this example is as shown in FIG. 11, and the nominal size is 86. Tapping with a pitch of 1 and drilling with a seat diameter of 511111+seat diameter of 8.5I are performed at the dimensional position shown in the diagram of 7-ri 19.

Therefore, the machining program in this example is the first one.
According to the machining program table shown in Figure 2 (in the first step indicated as step number 01, tap processing is performed according to the specifications shown in the diagram t1, and in the second step indicated as step number 02, the tap processing is performed according to the specifications shown in the diagram). Drilling process will be performed.

``Operation'' Next, the operation of the machine tool according to this embodiment will be explained as shown in FIGS. 13 to 23.
0-Explain using a chart.

First, to input a machining program, press the program edit key 6 on the keyboard 6 shown in FIG.
When 1 is pressed, the program editing key screen is selected, and seven menus are displayed in the program display area at the top of the CRT4 m1 screen, as shown in FIG. In addition, the user is requested to input the menu number using the cursor 4 & in the input request display area. In order to input the machining program shown in Figure 12, the machining data mode of menu number 1 (1) should be selected, so press number (1) on the numeric keypad 62 shown in Figure 9, and press the setting key. 63
If you manually enter the processing data mode by pressing ,
The display shown in FIG. 14 appears on the first screen of the CRT 4, and a request for program No. 0 is made with the cursor 4a. Furthermore, the bright spot 4b fades out. Therefore, program number (10
00), input (1000) using the numeric keypad 62 and press the setting key 63 again.

Program No. 0 moves to the program display area at the top of the CRT 4 gm screen, and the CRT 4 screen changes to the one shown in Figure 15. Since the X value of the processing intention is requested, ttS1
2. As per the machining program shown in Figure 2, enter the X value (100) of the machining source using the numeric keypad 62 and press the setting key 63.Then, the Y value of the machining source is requested, so enter Y in the same manner. When the value (100) is input and the setting key 63 is pressed again, the screen 19 changes to the one shown in FIG. Here, input of the number of workpieces is requested, and since the number of workpieces is one as shown in FIG.
The screen 41 changes to the one shown in FIG. 17 and requires input of the material of the workpiece. Since the material is carbon steel 545C, CR
Select number (1) from the menu in the teaching data display area at the bottom of the T4 screen and press number (1) using the numeric keypad 62.
and press the setting key 63, CRT411
The screen changes to the one shown in Figure 18, and the machining pattern list is displayed in the teaching data display area of the CRT4 It screen as shown, and the cursor 4at'Pt51 selects whether the type of machining in the process is center hole machining, hole machining, or tapping. It is required to input whether it is machining or drilling with a seat. According to the machining program shown in Fig. 12, the 161st step (
Step number 01) is for tapping, so
Enter the tapping number (3) and V "Settings". Next, the CRT4 m1 side changes to the one shown in Figure 19, and since we are machining a 0 meter coarse screw that requires inputting the screw type, input its number (1) and click "Settings". If you enter "6" and "setting" according to the machining program shown in Figure 12, "M6" will be displayed after "tap" in the program display area. Since you are required to enter the pitch using
Enter.

Thereafter, in the same way, according to the machining program shown in the fjS12 diagram, in response to the question of the CRT4 m surface, chamfering
Yes J, 2 wheel end "through hole", pilot hole depth "30 Jmm,
Machining depth r25Js Peng, work height ``409-1 return height ``45'' am, nJ, (/XY position fil:Zite l!
By inputting rX=20Jw rY=20J, it is possible to input the machining program for the first step of tapping.

Further, the second step is also made uniform, and according to the machining program shown in FIG.

J, Z end “through hole” without chamfer r, machining depth [2
5Jm-.

Work height 3r40Jmmt 6! Return to high school! r45Jgn,
Seating depth 110J11J XYY value i? rX=60Jy
rY=35Jmme input sulco and becomes input zir column END.

Next, the step 1o2 shown in FIG. 10, ``allocate tools,'' is performed, and step 102 is executed at step 70.The chart is as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 20, the command 201 causes the engineering A1! When I4 assignment is started, the number of assignments N,000 is registered in instruction 202, and the number of assignments N=N+1 is registered in instruction 203. In the instruction 204, N of the machining program is
(=1>The instruction 205 reads the type of machining (tap machining in this example) with the number, and the (
From the tool pattern list (shown in Figure 5) (pre-processing)
The first process of reading data in this example is tapping with chamfering, so the tools required for this tapping are "1. Center hole drill J, r2. Drill J, r3. Chamfering tool" , and "4. Tap" are read as pre-processing data from the tool pattern list shown in FIG. In the command 206, the tool corresponding to the type of machining is selected from the tool list (shown in FIG. 3).
In the 1-branch instruction 207, it is calculated whether or not it is the program end.
When a negative No result is obtained, the process returns to instruction 203, and from step 203, instruction 206 is repeatedly executed. "1. Center hole drill" and "2. Seat drilling drill" are read as pre-machining data from the pattern list, the tool with the corresponding tool name is selected from the tool list shown in Figure 3, and machining is started. A tool corresponding to the type of machining is written from the program area to the used tool area using the tool number as tool information. And branch instruction 20? In step 208, when a YES result is obtained in the calculation as to whether the program has ended or not, the data is displayed in a row in the used tool area in command 208. Then, the tool allocation program ends.

In this way, after the execution with tool assignment is completed, the 9th
When the key manual operation key 67 shown in the figure is pressed and the key manual operation mode is selected, the magazine operation AjW surface is displayed on the Seishishichiji-CRT4 m1 surface. When you enter the program number (1000) you are about to run using the numeric keypad 62, the tools required for that program (1000) are displayed in the teaching data display area at the bottom of the CRT 4 screen, as shown in Figure 21, in the order in which they are used. will be displayed.

Therefore, if the machine user installs the tools to be used in the order shown on the CRT 48 at the main numbers (1 to 10) of the tool machine 14 shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, Now you can start the desired processing.

The machining program is executed (started) according to the flowchart shown in figure fi22. The program that executes the machining program starts with command 301, and command 3
In command 02, the number of executions N=0 is registered, and in command 303, the number of executions N=N+1 is registered. In command 304, command 3 reads out the type of processing of the process with the N number.
In step 05, data is read from the tool pattern list (shown in FIG. 5) according to the type of machining, and the pre-machining process is read out. Then, in command 306, a tool (as shown in FIG. 3) is selected according to the type of machining (with the specified tool number).
Select from the tool list and process sequentially.

In the branch instruction 307, it is checked whether the machining program is at the end or not, and if a negative result is obtained, the process returns to the instruction 303, and executes the instruction 307 from the instruction 303 n times.
In branch instruction 307, program end is 11 constant YE
When set to S, execution of the machining program ends at END. The execution of the machining program is briefly described above, but an example of executing tap machining is shown in the second example.
The 70-chart shown in FIG. 3 will be explained.

In FIG. 23, when the program for executing tap machining is started by command 401, the machining pattern for tap machining is determined by command 402 from the tool pattern list shown in FIG. 5. [1, Center hole drill J, r2 ．． Drill J, r3. chamfering tool].

In command 403, which reads that tools are required in the order of "4. Tap" and reads out the pre-machining process, the diameter of the tap pilot hole is determined from the tap pilot hole drill diameter list (shown in FIG. 6), For example, as in this embodiment, the name M6. When machining a metric coarse thread with a pitch of 1, the pre-processing (data) reads out that the pilot hole drill diameter is 5601.Next, in command 404, the tip diameter of the center hole drill is set to the tapped pilot hole diameter ( 5. Select the tool number 03 for the center hole drill smaller than Os+a) from the tool list shown in Figure 3 showing the tool information, and install the machining from the tool area for that center hole drill. Find the position and change the tool. Then, in command 405, a center hole is machined at a predetermined position designated by the machining program. By command 406, a drill (with the same diameter as the pilot hole drill diameter (5-theory) obtained from the tap pilot hole drill diameter list shown in FIG. Select tool number 02) from the tool list shown in Figure 3, find the mounting position from the used tool area, and replace the tool. Then, according to a command 407, a prepared hole is machined. In command 408, a chamfering tool (tool number 04) with a larger outer diameter than the pilot hole (51), a smaller diameter, a smaller pilot hole rise, and a chamfer angle of 90° is selected from the diagram in Figure 3, and from the tool area to be used. Find the mounting position and replace the tool. In command 409, chamfering is performed.Next, in command 410, a tap (tool number 05) having a cutting depth longer than the machining depth of 25+am and having the same nominal value (N6) (tool number 05) is selected from the tIS3 diagram. , use f1. Find the mounting position from the area and replace the tool. Instruction 411 executes tapping processing.
In step 2, move the spindle to a position that matches the return height (45 am) and stop. END
do. Further, the second step of drilling holes for seating can be performed in the same manner.

According to the above embodiment, the machine user can compile the machining program by sequentially inputting the final machining process and related dimensions shown in the drawing in response to the questions on CR751.
This has the advantage of simplifying programming by the machine user. In addition, when inputting final processing steps, etc., NC
It is easy to program because it does not require 1ff words.

The order of tools for that machining, selection of tools, etc. are separately provided in the tool information 1a of the machine and the pre-processing process 1b.
It has the advantage that it can be input as data to storage means such as . Furthermore, since the tools required for each machining are displayed together with the steps to be used in the order of use, there is an advantage that the tools can be easily attached to the tool counter.

"Other Examples" In the above embodiments, tapping was mainly explained, but center hole processing, drilling, seat tapping, top surface milling, and reaming are also available.

With the machine of the present invention, it is also possible to easily enter a machining program, display the tools required for each machining, and execute these machining operations with the machine of the present invention. Further, the present invention can be effectively implemented in ordinary NC machine tools and other machine tools by providing the r-configuration described in the claims of the present invention.

"Effect" As stated above, the machine tool of this invention has the above l
Because of this feature, just by inputting the machining position and shape as a machining program, the tools used in that machining program are automatically selected and displayed, making it easy to add those tools to the tool book. It has the excellent effect of being able to perform H-position both accurately and accurately. In addition, since there is no need to consider the tool installation position when programming the machining program, the cannibal programming is simple.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram corresponding to the claims of this invention, and Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a machine tool that is an embodiment of this invention.
Figure A3 is a tool list showing the stored contents of tool information, Figure 4 is a front view showing the required dimensions for each tool at the time of tool registration,
Fig. 5 is a list of memorized drill diameters for the pre-machining process, Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of the machine tool of this embodiment, Fig. 8A is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the machine tool, Fig. 9 (A front view of the computer in the machine tool, Figures 1 and 0 are 70-charts showing the method for allocating tools and machining workpieces using the machine tool, Figure 11 (a), (b) is a flat cross-sectional view showing the final processing explained in this example, Fig. 12 is a machining program table showing the contents of the machining program in this example, and Figs.
Figure 20 is a front view of the CRT G side showing how a machining program is input, Figure 20 is a 70-chart showing a program that executes tool assignment, and Figure 121 is a front view of the CRT 1 side showing how tools are displayed. , FIG. 22 is a 70-chart showing execution of a machining program, and FIG. 23 is a 7el-chart showing a program for executing tap machining. 1... A first storage means for storing each type and shape of the tool, 2... A second storage means for storing a machining program, 3... A calculation means. 1st opening 2nd si 6 160 q Fig. 17 M Fig. 18 q Fig. 19 Fig. 202 Equivalency θj estimation, 70-chart Fig. 21 Fig. 22

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a machine tool that possesses a predetermined number of tools and performs multiple types of machining while exchanging those tools, a first storage means for storing the types and shapes of each of the tools that are greater than the predetermined number. a second memory means for storing a machining program that commands the position and shape of machining in the order of machining steps; and a second memory means for selecting a tool to be used in the machining program from among the tools in the first memory means. A machine tool characterized by comprising: arithmetic means for displaying information. (2) The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the first storage means is a storage means for storing pre-processing steps and tool information for final processing.