JPS6181218A - Heater for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve auxiliary heating with little loss of energy using exhaust heat of the engine by providing a tank or the like in which hydrogen-occluding alloy is stored for heat exchange with a heater core provided in the main heat cycle in which engine refrigerant circulates. CONSTITUTION:On the first running, switching valves 5, 6 and a reaction control valve 21 are open and a pump 14 is started for operation. This causes refrigerant heated by an engine 1 to circulate in a main heat cycle 3, and the heat is transmitted in a heater core 9 from a main heat exchanging member 10 to a heat exchanging member 15 to heat auxiliary heat medium in an auxiliary heat cycle 13. Therefore, in a first tank 16 the heat emitted from an heat exchanging member 17 heats hydrogen-occluding alloy 18, and if the reaction control valve 21 is closed, a large amount of hydrogen gas is accumulated in a second tank 20. On the other hand, to perform auxiliary heating, the switching valves 5, 6 are closed and the reaction control valve 21 is open. Then, the auxiliary heat medium in the auxiliary heat cycle 13 is heated and, further, air in a duct 12 is heated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a device used for heating the interior of a vehicle, and particularly to one provided with auxiliary heating means.

(Prior art) Conventionally, commonly used vehicle heating systems use the engine's cooling medium as a heat source, and a heater core is provided in the main heat cycle in which this cooling medium circulates, and this heater core heats the air. That's what I do. Therefore, immediately after the engine is started, the heating capacity of the heater core is low and the interior of the vehicle cannot be heated. It has already been considered that the auxiliary heating means can be used to heat the interior of the vehicle and provide spot heating for the driver and the like until the vehicle has sufficiently warmed up.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, in the past, the auxiliary heating means used a new heat source other than the engine, such as electric heat, and there was a loss of energy due to the new heat source. There was a problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a heating system for a vehicle that can perform auxiliary heating with less energy loss each time exhaust heat from the engine is used.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, the gist of the present invention is to provide a heating system for a vehicle in which the engine cooling medium circulates between the heater core and the main heat →J cycle. , a first tank storing a hydrogen storage alloy that exchanges heat with the heater core;
A second tank connected to the first tank and a reaction control valve for opening and closing the connection between the second tank and the first tank are provided. Here, the second tank may be a simple pressure vessel, or the second tank may store the hydrogen storage alloy, and the second tank may be provided in the exhaust gas passage of the engine so that the exhaust gas of the engine is stored in the second tank. It is also possible to utilize the heat of

(Function) The hydrogen storage alloy in the first tank undergoes a reversible reaction as follows.

M→-X / 2 Ll 2; 2MH, 10, ・・
(1, but 84 is metal, QCt it: indicates maturity.

Therefore, if the exhaust heat of the engine is stored in the third tank as hydrogen gas pressure or chemical energy, and the reaction control valve is opened to guide the hydrogen gas in the second tank to the first tank, the first tank will have a 1) The reaction in the right direction of the equation proceeds to cause an exothermic reaction, and if this heat is sent to the heater core, auxiliary heating can be performed, and therefore the above problem can be achieved.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, one embodiment of the present invention is shown, and since the engine 1 is of a water-cooled type for running a car, for example, the fuel and air supplied to the engine 1 react with each other, and the exhaust gas is emitted from the exhaust gas. It is adapted to be discharged through the pipe 2 and its cooling water, a cooling medium, is adapted to be circulated through the main thermal cycle 3. The main heat cycle 3 is
-1 passage 4 is connected to a main heat exchange section 10 of a heater core 9, which will be described later, via a first on-off valve 5, and this main heat exchange section 10
The other end is connected to an inlet passage 7 via a second on-off valve 6, and the outlet passage 4 and the inlet passage 7 are communicated via a coolant bypass passage 8.

The heater core 9 has an air duct 1 to 12 having a blower 11.
The heated air is blown out from the air duct 12 into the middle chamber so as to heat the air which is sent by the air blower all and which hits the heater 1a9. This heater core 9 operates in the main heat cycle 3.
A first heat exchange section 15 of an auxiliary heat cycle 13, which will be described below, is provided together with the main heat exchange section 10.

The auxiliary heat cycle 13 is configured by sequentially connecting a pump 14, the first heat exchange section 15, and a second heat exchange section 17 provided in a first tank 16 with piping, and the auxiliary heat cycle A pump 14 circulates an auxiliary heat medium, for example water, which is introduced into the chamber 13 .

The first tank 16 stores a hydrogen storage alloy 18, and the hydrogen storage alloy 18 is composed of hydrides such as lanthanum nilagel, iron titanium, and magnesium. Further, this first tank 16 is connected to a second tank 20 via a communication path 19. This second tank 20 is a pressure tank and is designed to store hydrogen gas. A reaction control valve 21 is provided in the communication passage 19, and by opening the reaction control valve 21, the pressures in the first tank 16 and the second tank 20 can be equalized, and by closing the reaction control valve 21, the pressure in the first tank 16 and the second tank 20 can be made equal. can be blocked.

In the above configuration, for the first time, the first and second on-off valves 5,
6 and the reaction control valve 21 are opened, and the pump 14 is started. As a result, the coolant heated by the engine 1 circulates through the main heat cycle 3, and in the heater core 9, the heat is transferred from the main heat exchange section 10 to the first heat exchange section 15, and the auxiliary heat medium of the auxiliary heat cycle 13 is transferred to the first heat exchange section 15. is heated. Therefore, in the first tank, the hydrogen storage alloy 18 is heated by the heat released by the second heat exchange section 17. When this hydrogen storage alloy 18 receives heat, it causes a decomposition reaction that proceeds to the left side of equation 11, as shown in FIG.
As the temperature T rises from T1 to T2 and the hydrogen equilibrium pressure P rises from P to P2, the temperature in the first tank 16 becomes, for example, 8.
If the reaction control valve f 2 is closed at one stage when the temperature reaches 0° C., a large amount of hydrogen gas can be stored in the -1st tank 2o.

Next, if auxiliary heating is required when cold (engine 1
It doesn't matter what happens after ljj starts. ), the on-off valve 5°6 is closed and the reaction control valve 21 is opened. As a result, the hydrogen gas stored in the second tank 20 is sent to the first tank 16, and within this first tank 16, the reaction progresses to the right side of equation (1), and the reaction heat causes the inside of the first tank 16 to rise. is heated. Therefore, at this time, if the pump 14 is driven, the auxiliary drum 4 (Quickle 1
The auxiliary heat medium in the heater core 9 is heated in the second heat exchange section 17 and transferred to the heater core 9 via the first heat exchange section 15 of the heater core 9.
The heat is transferred to heat the air sent from the blower 11 and is blown into the vehicle interior from the air duct 1-12, thereby performing auxiliary heating. In this case, when 20 kg of lanthanum nickel is used as the hydrogen storage alloy 18, its calorific value is 30 kg.
The amount is about 0 kcal, which is sufficient for auxiliary heating.

In the embodiment described above, the reaction heat of the hydrogen storage alloy 18 is transferred to the core 9 using the auxiliary heat cycle 13.

It is also possible to remove the cell 13 and integrate the first tank 16 with the heater core 9, thereby directly transmitting the reaction heat of the hydrogen storage alloy 18 to the heater core 9.

In FIG. 3, another embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is particularly different from the previous embodiment in that a hydrogen storage alloy 22 is stored in the second tank 20, and the second tank 20 is used for the engine engine. The exhaust bypass passage 23 bypassed from the exhaust pipe 2 of engine I is provided so as to surround it, and receives the heat of the exhaust gas of engine l. A door 24 is provided at a portion of the exhaust bypass passage 23 that separates from the exhaust pipe 2, and by adjusting the opening degree of this door 24, the amount of exhaust gas passing through the exhaust bypass passage 23 can be controlled. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the hydrogen storage alloy 18 (referred to as MHI) in the first tank 16 and the hydrogen storage alloy 22 (referred to as MH2) in the second tank 20 have different characteristics.
operates at a higher temperature than MH2. Furthermore, the auxiliary heat cycle 13 is newly equipped with third and fourth on-off valves 25 and 26.
The first tank 16 and the second tank I7 are each provided with release valves 27 and 28.

Therefore, for the first time, the first to fourth on-off valves 5.
6.25.26 and the reaction control valve 21 are opened, and the MHL is heated with the heat of the main thermal cycle 3 as in the previous example. In addition, hydrogen gas is generated from the IQMHI, and the generated hydrogen gas is sent to the second tank 20 via the communication path 19 and absorbed into MH2.

At this time, 4J between MHI and M112? G is indicated by point A (temperature TI>) and point B (temperature Ta) in Figure 4, and
The reaction control valve 21 is closed at the stage when the pressures inside and inside the second tank 20 become equal. Note that the heat applied from the main thermal cycle 3 at this time is released.

Next, at the time of cold start, the first and second on-off valves 5
．． 6, and open the third and fourth on-off valves 25° and 26.
In addition, the reaction control valve 21 is opened, and the exhaust bypass passage 2 is opened.
3, open the door 24 to allow exhaust gas to pass through. As a result, the heat of the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust bypass passage 23 is transferred to the MH
2, the temperature of this MH2 rises from T3 to T4 and its state shifts to the 0 point (temperature T4),
Generates a large amount of hydrogen gas. Therefore, since this hydrogen gas is sent to the first tank 16 via the communication path 19, the MH
I absorbs this hydrogen gas and generates heat, and the state of this MHI shifts to point D (temperature T2). Then, this heat is transferred to the heater core 9 via the auxiliary heat cycle 13 to perform the auxiliary i-tube. After that, the third and fourth on-off valves 2
5.26 and the reaction control valve 21 are closed to naturally cool the MHI and return its state to point A.

As described above, in this embodiment, the chemical energy stored in the second tank 20 is converted into hydrogen gas pressure using the heat of the exhaust gas of the engine 1, and this is sent to the first tank 16. Since it is converted into thermal energy again, the exhaust heat of the engine 1 can be used more efficiently.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the exhaust heat of the engine is stored using the reversible reaction of the hydrogen storage alloy, and the heat is used for auxiliary heating. Heat can be used effectively and can contribute to energy conservation. In addition, since the energy conversion is performed using the reversible reaction of the hydrogen storage alloy, the loss of one member of energy associated with the conversion can be reduced, and hydrogen gas can be generated. Therefore, even if the hydrogen gas leaks outside, it will not have any adverse effects on the human body, and furthermore,
Since the chemical reaction of the hydrogen storage alloy can be controlled by a reaction control valve, it has excellent durability and has the advantage of requiring almost no maintenance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing the temperature-hydrogen equilibrium pressure characteristics of the hydrogen storage alloy used in the same embodiment, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the temperature-hydrogen equilibrium pressure characteristics of the hydrogen storage alloy used in the same embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of an example, and a characteristic diagram showing the temperature-hydrogen equilibrium pressure characteristics of two hydrogen storage alloys used in the same manner. l... Engine, 3... Main heat cycle, 9... Heater core, 16... First tank, 18.22... Hydrogen storage alloy, 20... Second tank. 111', - ε - Kueda Hita fortune telling

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a vehicle heating system having a main heat cycle in which engine cooling medium circulates between the heater core and the heater core, the first tank stores a hydrogen storage alloy that exchanges heat with the heater core; A heating device for a vehicle, comprising: a second tank connected to the first tank; and a reaction control valve that opens and closes a connection between the second tank and the first tank. 2. 2. The vehicle heating system according to claim 1, wherein the second tank is a pressure tank. 3. The second tank stores hydrogen storage alloy and
2. The vehicle heating device according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle heating device receives heat from engine exhaust gas.