JPS6174653A - Roll crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a roll crushing device, and particularly to a device that is effective when applied to a device that crushes a material by squeezing it between a pair of rolls.

[Background technology]

For example, various techniques have been proposed to reduce lumps or coarse particles into smaller particles in the manufacturing process of pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs, chemicals, and the like.

One of them is a horizontal crushing and granulating machine called a comminutor or oscillator, which grinds the material to be crushed against a wire mesh using the tips of rotating blades or the part of the blade or rolls. It is based on the Zuriffzu crushing force formula. As a result, they may be crushed into finer powder than necessary, resulting in loss of commercial value, or metal I5) may be mixed into the product due to repeated surface contact with the metal of the rotating blade, or the quality may change due to heat generation, or the taste and aroma may change. The inventors have discovered that there are problems such as a decrease in performance.

In addition, as another conventional technology, there is a vertical crushing and granulating machine that crushes by horizontally rotating rotary blades in a vertical wire mesh crushing cylinder, but in this case also the horizontal type It has the same drawbacks as a crusher and granulator.

Furthermore, a roll crushing device has also been proposed in which the material to be crushed is sandwiched between a pair of rotating rolls and crushed mainly by compressive force. It has advantages such as a lower powderization rate.

However, this roll crushing device cannot adjust the gap between the roll materials, or can only adjust the gap by a very small amount, so the particle size of the product is limited, and in order to obtain the desired particle size, it is necessary to There are inflection points, such as the need to convert the entire device and increased costs. When the diameter of the object to be crushed becomes larger than the roll gap,
There is also the problem that the material to be crushed is not easily engulfed.

In addition, in the roll crushing device, fine particles and powdery substances may enter the gaps of the rotating parts in the crushing chamber, causing clogging and power loss, or may become a source of pollution, which is unfavorable in terms of GMP. be.

Furthermore, in the case of the roll crushing device, when processing materials to be crushed, especially those containing moisture, the materials to be crushed adhere to and accumulate on the roll surface, resulting in a decrease in the crushing function and a decrease in the efficiency of biting the materials to be crushed. The inventor has discovered that there is a problem that causes

Moreover, since the roll length of the roll crushing device is constant, it is not possible to respond according to the throughput, and when the throughput is large, the processing time is too long, while when the throughput is small, there are problems such as power loss. [Object of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems at once, to be able to variably adjust the gap between the rolls to an optimal dimension, to prevent clogging of the materials to be crushed in the crushing chamber, and to prevent the material from being crushed on the roll surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a roll crushing device that can prevent objects to be crushed from adhering and accumulating.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a roll crushing device that can easily change the roll length.

[Summary of the invention]

The roll crushing bag device of the present invention includes a roll gap adjustment mechanism that variably adjusts the gap between rolls arranged parallel to each other and facing each other by eccentric action, and a gas jetting mechanism that spouts sealing gas into the crushing chamber. This machine is also equipped with a scraper mechanism that removes crushed materials adhering to the roll surface. Furthermore, in the present invention, the crushing roll can be divided into a plurality of roll units in the axial direction and made detachable. A front view of the crushing device, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial plane sectional view of the crushing roll part, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the eccentric state of the roll pair, and FIG. 5 is a crushing device. 6 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the drive unit, FIG. 7 is a half-side sectional view of the roll cover, FIG. 8 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged partial front view of the roll showing the state.
The figure is an enlarged partial sectional view of the scraper mechanism, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the roll surface and the end face of the scraper.

The roll crushing device in this embodiment is shown in Figures 1 and 2.
The overall structure shown in the figure is shown.

In this roll crushing apparatus, a hopper 1 for supplying material to be crushed is installed at the top, and an electromagnetic feeder 2 is provided below the hopper 1 for controlling the amount of material supplied. Further, a crushing section 3 for crushing objects to be crushed is located below the feeder 2, and in this embodiment, four pairs of crushing rolls are built-in. Furthermore, a product outlet 4 is provided below the crushing section 3 to take out the crushed product.

On the other hand, a control section 5 is installed diagonally below the bosoba 1 to control the operation of each part of the device.

In this embodiment, the crushing portions 3 each include a roll shaft 6.
7)), 9 and 4; 1' if the fixed side crushing roll river 0 and the roll 10' the crushing roll I on the eccentric side arranged in parallel in two directions: Four pairs of parallel rolls (Fig. 3) consisting of I-rules 11 are built in downwardly. Among these roll pairs, the roll interval of the uppermost roll pair is the largest, and as you go to the lower stage, the roll interval becomes smaller, and the crushed particle size gradually becomes smaller from the upper stage to the lower stage. 31. The structure is such that crushing is carried out in stages. Most importantly, the roll pairs may be a pair of eggs or a plurality of pairs other than 4:1. The outer surface L of the roll 10.11; as shown in FIG.
] Qb are arranged in a staggered manner over the entire length in the axial direction, and the material M to be crushed is crushed by being compressed between the j% IE-rules.

Each pair of rolls 10 in this example. , il, the rolls 11 are capable of eccentricity, so that the distance between each pair of rolls can be variably adjusted according to the particle size of the material to be crushed. In order to adjust the roll interval, in this embodiment, an eccentric main shaft 12 is fitted through a bearing 13 to the base end side (right side in FIG. 3) of the roll shaft 7. A protrusion at the left end of the eccentric main shaft 12 is inserted into a groove at the right end of the roll 11, and a roll eccentric arm 14 extending in the radial direction is fixed to the outer periphery thereof. Due to the eccentricity of the eccentric main shaft 12, there is a difference in the inner and outer cross-sectional thickness dimensions as seen in the plane cross-sectional view of Fig. 3.The eccentricity E (Fig. 4) can be set arbitrarily, but the arm By swinging the roll 14 from the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 4 to the position shown by the two-dot chain line, for example, in a range of 90 degrees, the roll 11 is moved horizontally and slightly upwardly or downwardly relative to the roll 10 by an eccentricity 1i1B. eccentrically so that they approach and separate from each other.

On the other hand, since the roll 10 is not eccentric in this embodiment and is fixed in position, the main shaft is fitted onto the base end side of the roll shaft 6 via a bearing 16. They are the same.

Driving source circle for roll shafts 6 and 7 A motor 17 shown in FIG.
The motor 17 is located on the coaxial line of the roll shaft 6, but the helical drive gear 19, 20 in the drive gear box 18 and the helical driven gear 21 installed on the coaxial line of the roll shaft 7 The roll shaft 7 is also rotated in the opposite direction at the same time as the roll shafts through the rotation angle 22.

The motor 17 does not have to be a single stage, but may be interlocked with a chain or the like so that one motor can drive a pair of motors. Further, the motor 17 and each roll shaft 6, 7 are connected within the cassette ring box 23 via appropriate centering couplings 24, 25.

In addition, the reference numeral 28 in FIG. 6 is a 1-lochoid type pump for pumping oil, and the reference numeral 29 is an oil nozzle.

An end cover 30 is installed on both sides of the periphery of the roll 10.11, and an end cover 31.32 is attached to and detachable from the tip side of each roll 10.11 using a butterfly-shaped pole 33.34. These side covers 30 and end covers 31.32 define a crushing chamber around the roll 10.11. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the side cover 30 is attached to a part of the main body of the apparatus at its lower end by a fixing screw 35, and is opened by swinging outward around the fixing screw 35 when necessary. It looks like this.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, the rolls 10 and 11 of this embodiment have a unit-divided structure in which each roll is divided into two in the axial direction. With this unit-divided structure, rolls 10 and 11 can be divided into rolls 10 and 11 according to requirements such as crushing amount.
By adding or removing each unit of 0.11, it is possible to crush in the optimal condition as required, prevent unnecessary consumption of power, and even when only a part of the roll is damaged. Benefits include the fact that only the unit part needs to be replaced. The roll 10.11 having such a split structure can be attached to and removed from the roll shaft 6.7 using the locking nut 36.
It is easily done in 37. In addition, in this embodiment, roll 1
0.11 to the roll shaft 6°7, steps 6a, 7a are provided at the roll mounting portion of each roll shaft 6.7 so that the diameter of the roll shaft 6.7 at the roll mounting portion is different. From the steps 6a and 7a, the proximal end side has a relatively large diameter, and the distal side has a relatively small diameter.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the roll shaft 6
, 7 is formed with an air supply hole 38 from near the base end (right end in FIG. 3) to the tip (left end), and a gas seal or purge gas, for example, is formed in the crushing chamber formed around the roll 10.11. configured to supply air. Therefore, the right end (FIG. 3) of this air supply hole 38 communicates with an air supply #40 such as an air pump via a rotary coupling 39. Therefore, by supplying gas such as air from the air supply source 40 to the air supply hole 38 via the rotary coupling 39, the gas is distributed to the tip surfaces of the rotor shafts 6 and 7 (the left end surface in FIG. 3) and to each roll. Air is blown into the crushing chamber from air supply passages 41, 42 provided in the radial direction of the roll shaft 6.7 between the main shaft 10.11 and each main shaft 15.12.

As a result, foreign objects such as crushed pieces enter the gap between the right end of each roll 10, 11 and each main shaft 15.12 and the gap between the left end of each roll 10.11 and each end cover 31.32. This can prevent clogging and power loss.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in detail in FIGS. 9 and 10, a scraper mechanism 43 is provided on each roll 10.11 for removing objects to be crushed attached to the surface of the roll 10.11. One by one is placed on the bottom (7th
(see figure). This scraper mechanism 43, as shown in FIG.
Teeth 44a and roll 11 (10
) A scraper plate 44 in which grooves 44b into which teeth 11a (10a) are inserted are alternately formed to have a serrated cross section in the axial direction of the roll 11 (10), and a guide for detachably attaching this scraper plate 44 to the lead force bar 30. 45 and the butterfly-shaped port 46, a spring 47 that biases in the direction of the scraper plate 44, and a fluorine resin material for controlling the distance between the tip (one end) of the scraper plate 44 and the periphery of the roll 11 (10). It consists of a stopper 48 made of, etc. In the scraper mechanism 43 of this embodiment, the teeth 44a of the scraper plate 44 are arranged around the circumference a11b of the roll 11 (10).
Since it is configured to penetrate into (10b),
Even if pieces of the material to be crushed that contain a relatively large amount of water adhere to the roll surface, they can be reliably removed by the scraper plate 44. As a result, accumulation of crushed pieces and the like on the roll surface can be prevented, and the surface of the roll 11 (10) can always be maintained in an optimal state for crushing, thereby ensuring efficient crushing action.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

First, the material to be crushed, which is the raw material to be crushed, is put into the posopa 1. The material to be crushed is fed to the crushing section 3 while being measured by a feeder 2 in a predetermined amount.

The material to be crushed entering the crushing section 3 is first supplied onto the uppermost pair of rolls, and then fed between the rolls 10 and 11 of that pair of rolls. In that case, each day - teeth of rules 10 and 11]
Since the Oa and the circumference 111b and the circumference 410a and the tooth 10b are formed to face each other, when the roll shafts 6 and 7 are rotationally driven by the morph 17, the material to be crushed M is crushed between both rolls, as shown in FIG. It is partially compressed in a so-called cross-linked state by the tips of the teeth 10a and Ila of 10.11, and the clamping force crushes it into predetermined fragments as shown by the two-dot chain line m in FIG.

The object to be crushed is subjected to the first crushing action by the uppermost pair of rolls, and then falls onto the second pair of rolls, where a second crushing operation is performed, resulting in smaller fragments, and the following order: The particles are crushed to a final predetermined particle size by passing through a pair of rolls in the third and fourth stages, and are taken out as a product from the product outlet 4.

In this embodiment, by providing a gas blowout mechanism, gas for gas sealing is supplied from the air supply source 40 into the crushing chamber through the air supply hole 38, the air supply path 4], and 42 during the crushing operation. 10.11, so small debris etc.
This can prevent contamination, clogging, power loss, etc. caused by intrusion between the end cover 31 and other parts such as the end cover 31 and 32.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, even if the material to be crushed is strongly adhesive, such as one containing a relatively large amount of water, the teeth 44a of the scraper plate 44 of the scraper mechanism 43
．． 11 of the circumferential grooves 10b, ] 1b, the roll surface is reliably removed without being deposited on the roll surface.
Since the lb is not completely filled with deposits and the teeth are not buried in the deposits, the optimum condition for crushing is always maintained, so stable crushing work can be continued without decreasing crushing efficiency etc. It can be done in a specific manner.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since an eccentric mechanism for eccentrically holding the row row 1 is provided, when it is desired to change the crushed particle diameter depending on the type of material to be crushed, the arm 14 can be moved as shown in FIG. By swinging the IJ by a desired amount within an angular range of 90 degrees from the solid line position to the two-dot chain line position, the eccentric main soyafs 1 to 12 swing eccentrically within the range of the eccentricity 31E, so that the roll 11 The roller moves horizontally and upwardly eccentrically with respect to the roll 10, and the distance between the rolls 10 and 11 changes, so that the crushed particle size can be variably adjusted to a desired size accordingly. In addition, the eccentric movement of the rolls 11 in the horizontal and upward directions increases the amount of material to be crushed between the rolls 10 and 11, thereby providing the advantage that more efficient crushing becomes possible.

In addition, in this embodiment, the rolls 10 and 11 are divided into a plurality of units in the axial direction, so when the amount of material to be crushed is large, roll units can be added, and when the amount of material to be crushed is small, the roll units can be removed. It is possible to perform crushing with the length of the roll, and it is possible to prevent loss of power and the like.

In the above embodiment, only one roll of the roll pair can be eccentric, but both rolls may be eccentric, and in addition to the roll gap adjustment mechanism, the gas jetting mechanism or the scraper mechanism can also be used. Structures other than those shown in the example may also be used. Furthermore, bearings, etc. that support the roll ends may be provided at both ends of the roll, especially in large-scale equipment, and the roll may be divided into three or more, or the roll pairs may be in multiple stages other than four stages, or in one stage. etc. are also possible arbitrarily.

Further, the present invention is widely applicable to crushing various articles such as foods, medicines, and chemicals.

〔effect〕

(I) By providing a roll gap adjustment mechanism that gives an eccentric effect to at least one roll axis, it is possible to perform optimal crushing according to the size of the object to be crushed and the desired particle size of the product. This allows the material to be crushed to be efficiently caught between the rolls.

(2) By installing a gas ejection mechanism that ejects sealing gas into the crushing chamber, crushed pieces will not enter between the relatively moving parts in the crushing chamber, causing contamination, clogging, power loss, etc. can be prevented.

(3) By having a scraper mechanism installed in the axial direction close to a part of the roll surface, it is possible to reliably remove debris adhering to the roll surface. It is possible to perform stable crushing while maintaining the roll surface as an optimal crushing surface at all times.

The synergistic effect of (4), il+, (2+, (31) makes it possible to obtain an excellent roll crushing device that can solve the conventional problems at once.

(5) By configuring the roll to be divided into multiple pieces in the axial direction, crushing can be performed with the optimal roll length depending on the amount of material to be crushed, preventing power loss and reducing crushing time. It is possible to realize shortening of the time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view of a roll crushing device which is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view thereof, Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial plan cross-sectional view of the roll part for crushing, and Fig. 4 is a pair of rolls. 5 is an enlarged partial front view of the roll showing the crushed state, FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the drive section, FIG. 7 is a half side sectional view of the roll cover, and FIG. 8 is its front view, No. 9
The figure is an enlarged partial sectional view of the scraper mechanism, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the roll surface and the end face of the scraper. ■... Posopa, 2... Feeder, 3... Crushing part,
4...Product outlet, 5...Control unit, 6.7...Roll axis, 6 ayl a...Step, 8.9...Pin, 10...Roll, lOa... Teeth, lOb...peripheral groove, 11...roll for eccentricity, l] a...teeth,
Ilb...circumferential groove, 12...main shaft for eccentricity,
I3...Bearing, 14...Eccentric arm, 15...
・Main soyaft, 16...Bearing, 17...Motor, 30...Side cover, 31.32...End cover, 38...Air supply hole, 39...Rotary coupling, 40... Air supply source, 41.42... Air supply path, 4
3... scraper mechanism, 44... scraper +5.
44a...teeth, 44b...groove, 45...guide,
46... Butterfly bolt, 47... Spring, 4B... Stopper. Patent Applicant Freund Sangyo Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Daiwa Tsutsui Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A device for crushing a material by pinching it between rolls arranged parallel to each other and rotating in opposite directions, at least one of which is configured to variably adjust the gap between the rolls. a roll gap adjustment mechanism that gives an eccentric effect to the roll axis; a gas jetting mechanism that jets sealing gas into the crushing chamber; A roll crushing device comprising a scraper mechanism for removing objects to be crushed. (2) The roll gap adjustment mechanism includes a hollow eccentric main shaft provided around at least one roll axis via a bearing so as to be eccentric with respect to the roll axis, and a circumferential direction of the eccentric main shaft. 2. The roll crushing device according to claim 1, further comprising an eccentric arm that projects from the eccentric main shaft and swings the eccentric main shaft eccentrically. (3) The gas ejection mechanism includes an air supply hole formed through the roll shaft from one end to the roll support end, a rotary coupling provided on the one end side of the air supply hole, and a rotary coupling provided on the one end side of the air supply hole. The roll according to claim 1, comprising a supply source that supplies gas into the coupling, and an air supply path that guides the gas supplied to the air supply hole to a desired position such as both ends of the roll. Crushing equipment. (4) The scraper mechanism includes a scraper member having a roll facing surface that corresponds to the circumferential groove formed on the roll surface, a spring that biases the scraper member toward the roll surface, and a spring that is attached to the scraper member and that a stopper that controls the distance between the scraper member and the roll surface; a scraper guide that holds the scraper member, the spring, and the stopper in place on the roll cover; and a fixing member that fixes the scraper guide to the roll guide. A roll crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: (5) Claim 1, characterized in that the roll is divided into a plurality of roll units in the axial direction;
The roll crushing device according to any one of Items 2, 3, and 4. (6) The roll crushing device according to claim 5, wherein the roll shaft is formed in a stepped shape so that each roll unit has a different outer diameter.