JPS6170930A - Plant cultuer apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a plant cultivation device for cultivating plants very efficiently in an artificial environment.

(Prior art) Plant growth is highly dependent on the environment, and the natural environment is viewed from the perspective of plant growth and productivity.

It's definitely not the best. Therefore, attempts are being made to maximize the productive potential of plants in artificial environments separated from the natural environment. This is a so-called plant factory, and a plant factory cultivates plants in an environment that can be controlled arbitrarily.

It has many advantages because it takes a controlled form. However, creating an artificial environment requires high energy costs, making economics an issue. Therefore, in order to take advantage of the benefits of plant factories and put them into practical use, we must pursue energy savings, labor savings, and improvements in land productivity. Energy costs The electricity used to provide artificial light and the energy costs for air conditioning account for most of the cost. In order to minimize these, it is necessary to cultivate the maximum amount in a certain amount of land and space. To achieve this, it is necessary to keep the distance between adjacent plants as small as possible throughout the entire growth period of the plants, and it is necessary to carry out so-called dense shifting cultivation in which the distance between plants is changed according to the growth of the plants.

That is, FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a conventional plant cultivation apparatus in which plants and moving devices are arranged radially.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1.

In the figure, (1), (2), (3) are plants +43, (5), (618 planted water tanks (7)
), (sl,, +9) and plants (47, (
5), (With the growth of (61'), water nutrient device (71, +
8) It is a conveyor set moving device for moving plants so as to increase the distance between them (91), and is arranged in multiple rows and radially. In other words, small plants (
As the plants (4) grow, the water tank (7) in which they have been planted is moved from the left end to the right end in Fig. 2 by the moving device (1) I.The grown plants (5) ,
Moving fissure fi! (2 days ζ carried n, the mutual spacing of the water incubators (8) on the moving device (2+) is moved so that it is wider than that on the moving device (υ). The water incubators (7) to (9) Mobile device (
IJ ~ (3) moves sequentially towards the right end, and as the moving device changes, the water incubator (7), +81,
19) It is sent so that the interval between them is also widened.

When the plant (6) moves to the oldest end in FIG. 2, it is harvested.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] In the conventional device 1ζ as described above, plants (41, (5
)1(6) grows and a large number of moving devices (υ, +21, (3)) with different moving speeds are required, and when multiple rows are arranged radially, each row has a moving device (1), (21° (3) is required. In addition, in the case of the arrangement and moving devices (1), (2), and (3) of such plants (4), (5), and (6), the spacing between the plants In order to move to the minimum necessary, more moving devices (υ, F2), (3) are required, and
To reduce the number of mobile devices (1), 121, and (3) installed, mobile devices (υ, +23) connected over a long distance are used.
, (There were problems such as the need for 31.

This invention was made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide an economical plant cultivation device by providing a simple dense planting moving device.

(Means for Solving the Problems) This invention provides a method for creating a row of plants arranged in order from the lowest to highest degree of growth and a row of plants arranged in order from the highest to lowest degree of growth. A conveyor that moves multiple rows of guide rails arranged alternately in the direction in which the guide rails are arranged in parallel, and when the guide rails moved by this conveyor reach a predetermined position, the one with the lower degree of growth This device is equipped with a dense planting moving device that moves the plants from the ground upwards.

[Function] In this invention, the feeding member constituting the densely planted moving device is a first feeding member that moves the plants densely in a stroke corresponding to the size of the plants from the lower to the higher growing degree. The dense planting movement of plants is performed by providing a second feeding member that performs a preparatory movement to move the plants on the next guide rail in the opposite direction at the same time as the first feeding member moves.

〔Example〕

Figure 3 is a plan view of a plant cultivation apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 4 is a side view thereof.

In the figure, a pair of annular conveyors (6) are provided in parallel. (2) is a plant, and (4) is a group of guide rails (131) arranged in parallel. α4 is driven by the drive motor ■ while meshing with the conveyor ■ through a plurality of sprockets, and rotates the conveyor circle. cIfj is a holder, and the plant side is attached to a holder and is suspended from a plurality of guide rails that serve as guides for moving the plant side as it grows. The plants @ are arranged on adjacent guide rails (181) so that the arrangement is reversed tζ depending on the degree of growth, thereby making the most of the space. αη is a nutrient solution supply device located below the conveyor (b) and supplies nutrient solution to the roots of the plants. (g) is a densely transplanted device disposed parallel to the guide rail (181), and (19a) is included in the densely transplanted 1tll device (to).

Plants (from the lowest to highest growth level)
The first sending member (19b), which moves with a stroke according to the size of the plant (b), is also attached to the dense planting moving device (g), and when the first sending member (19a) moves the plant side, This is a second feeding member that prepares to move the next plant at the guide rail opening in the opposite direction. (7)
are the first feeding member (19a) and the second feeding member (19b)
The motor (2) serves as the power source for driving the
This is a moving device that moves the object closer to or away from 1).

FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 show cross-sectional views of embodiments of the dense planting moving device. In Figure 115, (2) is a hydraulic cylinder;

It is a shaft with incisors on both sides that slides back and forth.

1 [1st feeding member (19a) 2nd feeding member (19b)
It is a lever mechanism that rotates around a fulcrum.

One end of it meshes with the shaft. In Figure 6 (
(to) mesh with the first gear (26a) and the second gear (16b), and the first feeding member (19a) and the second feeding member (19
b) is a worm shaft that operates the motor (1), and is arranged to be rotated by the motor (1). @l gear (26
a).

The second gear (26b) is disposed so as to mesh with the worm shaft (to) so that the mutual intervals are sequentially different, and is coupled to the first feeding member (19a) and the second feeding member (19b).

In FIG. 7, (2?a) and (27b) are the first rotating shafts having helical grooves whose pitch changes sequentially.

It is a second rotating shaft and is connected to be rotated by a motor 4.

In the apparatus configured as described above, a seedling of a plant @ is set in the holder, and as shown in Figure @8, it is attached to the guide rail (181) from above or below. Guide rail (18
The plant box attached to 1) is conveyed along an annular conveyor (b) by the rotation of a sprocket. During this period, the plant grows well under an artificially controlled environment. When the plants are moved to a place where the dense planting moving device (A) is installed, the moving device (A) is activated and the first feeding member (19a) approaches one end of the holder A. @1 feed member (lSa) operates and gf! 8
In the figure, it moves from the bottom to the top. Dense planting moving device (
When the dense planting moving operation is completed, the moving device 4 separates from the holder QQ and then rotates Cζ18G°. When the next guide rail (j81.) is conveyed to a predetermined position, the moving device 4 approaches the holder a, and the plants (b) are moved downward in a dense manner by the second feeding member (19b). First feeding member (19a)! ! The second sending member (19b) is moving the densely planted plants (2), and at the same time the other is performing a return operation in preparation for the next move. When the plant (goods) has moved to the uppermost or lowermost position, it is removed from the guide rail 4 with the holder) and harvested.

In the embodiment of the dense planting moving device shown in FIG.
The second feeding member (19a) moves to the left (in the direction of the arrow) to move the plants (2) densely, and the second feeding member (19b) also moves to the left (in the direction of the arrow) to perform a return operation. Then the motor (1) operates and the first feeding member (1
11m) and the second feeding member (19b) by 1806 turns. The guide rail (181) on which the plant box is attached is the second
When the second feed member (19b) is conveyed to the position opposite to the second feed member (19b), the hydraulic cylinder (on the shaft) is pushed diagonally downward to the left, and the second feed member (19b) is moved to the right (in the opposite direction of the arrow). ), the plants 4 are moved to the direction of higher growth density, and the first feeding member (19a) is moved to the right (in the opposite direction of the arrow) to perform a return operation. The above operation (
By turning the guide rail (181) k, which is conveyed by the rotation of the conveyor (6), the plants (2) can be moved in a dense manner so as to increase the distance between the plants according to their growth. The driving source for pulling and extruding (to) may be operated by rotary motion via a gear instead of a hydraulic cylinder. Moreover, the first feeding member (19a)
, the first sending member (19a) by changing the distance between the supporting points and the lever ratio of the second sending member (19b),
The moving distance of the tip of the second sending member (x9b) can be changed, and it is possible to cope with cases where the four types of target plants are crowded together.

In the embodiment of the dense planting moving device (Incorporated) shown in FIG. 6, the worm shaft (A) is rotated by the motor ω, and the first feeding member (19a) is rotated by the rotation of the first gear (26a) that meshes with the worm shaft (A). moves to the left (in the direction of the arrow) to move the plants in a densely planted manner, and the second feed member (19b) moves to the left (in the direction of the arrow) to perform a return operation.Then, the first feed member (19b) moves to the left (in the direction of the arrow) to perform a return operation. (t9a) and second sending member o9b
) is rotated 180° by the operation of the motor (a).
Next, the worm shaft (C) rotates in the opposite direction, and the feed member (19b) @2 moves to the right (in the opposite direction of the arrow).
The first feeding member (19a) performs a return operation while moving the plants (2) to move the plants (2) densely. In addition, the lengths of the first feeding member (19a) and the second feeding member (19b) and the worm shaft) and the tooth number ratio of the gear @1 (26a) and the gear (26b) @2, and also the gear ratio of the first gear (26a) By changing the meshing interval between the second gear (26b) and the worm shaft (7), it is possible to cope with a change in the type of target plant (2).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the first rotating shaft (27a) and the second rotating shaft (2?b) are rotated by the motor (7), and the helical groove of the first rotating shaft (27a) is rotated by the motor (7). The fitted first feeding member (lSa) moves to the left (in the direction of the arrow) to move the plants □□□ densely, and the second feeding member (19b) moves toward the second rotating shaft (2 ?b) It is fitted into the spiral groove and moves to the left (in the direction of the arrow) to perform the return operation. Next, the first feeding member (19a) and the second feeding member (19b) rotate 180 degrees, and then the first rotating shaft (27a) and the second rotating shaft (2?b) rotate in opposite directions. The second feeding member (19b) rotates in the right direction (in the opposite direction of the arrow to move densely planted two rows, while the first feeding member (19b)
x9a) performs a return operation. Note that the first feeding member (19a
It goes without saying that it is possible to deal with the case where the type of target plant (property) returns by changing the fitting pitch of the feeding member (19b) of ) 92 into the spiral groove or the pitch of the spiral groove. stomach.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, this invention consists of rows of plants arranged in order from the lowest degree of growth to the straightest, and rows of plants arranged in order from the highest to lowest degree of growth. - Alternating rows of plants on parallel guide rails.

These guide rails are moved by a conveyor that moves them in parallel directions, and once the guide rails are in place, the plants can be easily moved from the side with the lowest growth level to the side with strokes according to their size. By providing a dense planting moving device with a similar structure, it is possible to obtain a plant cultivation device with good land productivity and excellent economic efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a conventional plant cultivation device, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, FIG. 8 is a plan view of a plant cultivation device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a side view thereof. FIG. 5 is a plan sectional view showing one embodiment of the dense planting moving device, FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view showing another embodiment of the dense planting moving device, and FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view showing yet another embodiment of the dense planting moving device. FIG. In the figure, (b) is the conveyor, Qa is the plant, #J3 is the guide rail group, (181) is the guide rail, (19a
) is the first feeding member, and (19b) is the second feeding member. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or equivalent parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A plurality of rows of plants arranged in order from low to high growth degree and rows of plants arranged in order from high to low growth degree on guide rails arranged in parallel. A group of guide rails in a row, a conveyor that moves this group of guide rails in the direction in which the guide rails are arranged in parallel, and when the guide rails moved by this conveyor reach a predetermined position, the one with the lower degree of growth a first feeding member that moves the plant upwards with a stroke according to its size; and simultaneously with the movement of the first feeding member, moves the plant on the next guide rail in the opposite direction; A plant cultivation device comprising a second feeding member that performs a preparatory movement.