JPS6169995A - Anode and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates generally to anodes, and more particularly to special anode shapes and methods of manufacturing the same.

[Background technology]

Briefly, copper electrorefining is an electrochemical process in which copper is leached from an impure anode and plated onto a pure steel cathode. The electrolyte in which these electrodes are immersed is generally a tufted copper sulfate solution.

Currently, anodes are manufactured by pouring impure molten steel into molds. By convention, the mold is stationary or mounted in a rotating casting wheel.

In either case, the entire main shape of the anode is illustrated in the first w. In particular, the typical profile of the outgoing section (1,og) is illustrated in FIG.

An @ electrode with such a protrusion profile does not sit vertically in the electrolytic cell, causing a short circuit between the anode and the cathode. To prevent this, the protrusion is manually bent by banging inside the electrolytic cell, or a wedge is inserted under the protrusion. Some companies also use special processing machines to process the anode protrusion. All of this post-work is expensive. Other companies also cast full-size projectors (Figure 3). In such cases, a special filler metal must be placed in the mold cavity of the protrusion in order to mold out the anode. This is a labor intensive task and also requires that such a homogenizer (due to its thick ledge) occupy a large amount of space in the cell. As a result, the production amount of the electrolytic cell atatasho decreases. Continuous casting method for anodes equipped with a pole-and-line protrusion (A.
A solution to this problem is proposed in IME, Chicago, February 1981). FIG. 4 shows the profile of the anode protrusion. Such an anode has a thin ledge, sits vertically in the electrolytic cell, and requires no other machining. However, this method requires special and complex machining and therefore has very high investment costs.

[Summary of the invention]

The invention is based on the discovery that copper anodes that sit vertically in an electrolytic cell can be cast directly on a conventional anode casting wheel without the need for any other machining after casting. The ledge area of the mold is shaped so that the point of suspension of the anode is vertically above the center of gravity of the anode. To facilitate molding of the electrode and to facilitate electrical contact between the anode and the conductive iron, graphite suspension fluid or other lubricant is sprayed onto the projecting area of the mold during casting.

[Preferred embodiments of the invention]

Referring to FIG. 1, a conventional @pole 10 is illustrated. This positive $10 has a main body portion 12 and a projecting portion 14. The anode 10 is suspended by a ledge 14 into an electrorefining tank (not shown).

A cross section of the projecting portion 14 is shown in FIG. This projecting portion 14
consists of an upper surface 16 inclined toward the front surface 18 of the anode 10, a rear surface 20 and a front surface n, and a lower surface U inclined upwardly toward the anode front surface 18.

As previously mentioned, the general shape of the anode 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 does not allow the anode 10 to be placed vertically within the electrorefining vessel (see FIG. 9). Therefore, the protruding portion 14 must be bent unnecessarily. This is only a laborious and half-hearted measure. As an alternative to such a structure,
There is a full size casting ledge 26 (FIG. 3). This uses an unnecessary amount of extra steel in the essentially unreactive neck of the anode 10.

Additionally, special fillers must be used in the mold to demold the anode from the mold. J., Tonpass et al. developed a continuous casting method in which the anode 10 has a thin protrusion 4 and is vertical in the electrolytic cell. Fourth
See diagram.

FIG. 5 shows a partial sectional view of the protrusion (9) of the present invention.

Note that the upper part of the anode 32 is thin. That is, the main body surface is tapered toward the protruding portion 32 at the neck portion 56 . The projecting portion φ of the anode 32 includes an upper surface 34 that slopes downward toward the front side of the anode, a front surface and a rear surface 40, and a lower surface 42. This lower surface 42 includes a downwardly inclined surface (1), a vertical step 46, and an upwardly inclined surface 48, which are angled in the opposite direction compared to FIG. The vertical step portion 46 ideally coincides with a plane F (vertical plane) passing through the center of gravity 60. When the anode 32 is inserted into the refining tank, the tip 62 formed by the intersection of the downwardly inclined surface 42 and the step 46 acts as an anode suspension part;
When the center of gravity 60 is aligned with the vertical plane below, the anode is suspended vertically.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the anode 32. Dimension G is approximately t,s inches (3,8 crn).

It was confirmed that the anode 32 with the protruding portion (T) was seated vertically in the refining tank and did not require any other additional work. Anodes 32 with a bulge of this type can be cast on a conventional casting wheel, with the bulge area of the mold being periodically coated with a light graphite spray during casting. Graphite has two functions. The first is to lubricate the projecting area of the mold to facilitate demolding of the @pole.

The second function is that the graphite acts as a reducing agent and an excellent conductor, preventing the formation of copper oxides and improving the electrical contact between the anode and the copper pars on which it rests in the smelting tank.

The warpage of the mold is controlled by graphite spray. A method for controlling mold warpage is to use a double-capacity mold as described in Canadian Special Sen No.

FIG. 7 depicts a mold gap that complements the desired lobing structure. FIG. 8 is a detailed view of the protruding hole 52. 1 Standard type "36 inches x 36 inches (o, 9
t4mxo, c+t4m) For anode 32, the reverse angle is approximately 50 and the dimensions are approximately 1 inch (2,54 cIn)
, the dimension E is approximately 78 inches (3.2 m). Dimension E is a function of the verticality of the anode (described below).

A double cavity mold chamber (i.e., a double-sided mold) with a ledge hole 52 for creating the ledge 30 as shown in FIG. 5 is placed on a standard casting wheel.

The anode 32 is systematically cast and a graphite spray is added to the ledge hole 52 between the molds. Graphite lubricants are suspensions of graphite in water or other liquids, with or without dispersants or other agents of similar properties. The push-up pin inserted through the aperture 54 allows the anode 32 to be easily molded out from between the molds. (The protrusion at the opposite angle is the shape of the anode.) Since it was thought that the anode 32 could not be easily molded because of IJ-, it was completely surprising that the anode 32 could be molded easily.

A number of experimental heats were made to confirm the effectiveness of the anode and its manufacturing method. The results are shown below.

Over a period of time, 4 groups of anodes (each group containing 38 anodes) were collected and measured for 1 verticality.

The verticality of the normal anode tOVc shown in FIG. 9 is expressed by the distance B between the anode and a true vertical line O when it is suspended in a refining tank. Point 58 is the center of gravity of the anode. This eye B
The closer to 0, the closer the anode is to vertical. In some cases, if the anode swings to the side opposite to that shown in FIG. 6, the verticality of the vij pole becomes negative. Returning to FIG. 8, the dimension E can be changed depending on the magnitude and sign of this verticality. This dimension is also a function of anode bow. The greater the degree of warpage, the smaller the dimension E must be.

L 50 -2.6 Soil 3. Q
2 300 -2.8 ±3.33
800 -1.4 ±3.64
1000 -1.3 ±3.0 Normal anode manufacturing method (2nd session) As manufactured 27.3 ±7.5 After banging in an electrolytic bath -5.3 ±6.2 By wheel casting, as shown in Figure 5 It has been found that an anode 32 with a ledge (9) as shown in FIG. 6 has superior performance than a conventional anode 10 suspended in an electrolytic cell.

The anode, which hangs vertically above the electrolytic cell, can be cast on a conventional casting wheel using graphite for lubrication of the mold lobes. The anode of the present invention sits more vertically in the electrolytic cell than a normal @ electrode. As a result, manpower is significantly saved in the electrolytic cell, and the number of current moving vehicles is increased. This ingenious improvement is achieved with minimal investment.

In fact, the payback time is approximately iooo compared to continuous casting systems.
It is estimated to be twice as short.

The present invention is not limited to the above description, but can be modified and implemented within the scope of the spirit thereof.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view of the prior art anode, Figure 2 is the 2nd view of Figure 1.
3 is a partial sectional view of another prior art anode, FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of another prior art anode, and FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of an anode according to the invention. 6 is a perspective view of the anode of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the anode mold, FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the mold in FIG. 7, and FIG.
The figure is a 1tl plan view of the anode of FIG. 1. 10...Anode %12...Body, 14, Blade...Protrusion, 32...Anode, A...Top surface of the protrusion, A...
・Main book front, 42...Protruding lower surface, 44...Downward slope of bottom surface 42, 46...Step, 48...Upward slope, (capital)...Mold, 52...・Protrusion mold hole, 56... Body tapered part, 60... Anode center of gravity, 62
...Tip.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A main body and an inverted angular ledge aligned with the main body;
The anode has a main body having a front surface and a back surface, the main body is tapered toward a projecting part, and the inverted projecting part allows the anode to be vertically suspended in an electrolytic cell. 2. The inverted angular ledge includes an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface is inclined downward toward the front, and the lower surface is divided into multiple parts, and these parts are configured to suspend the anode vertically in the electrolytic cell. An anode according to claim 1 as directed. 3. The lower surface of the inverted angled protrusion has a first part that slopes downward as it faces the front of the main body, a second part that extends upward from the first part, and a slope that slopes upward as it faces the front of the main body from the second part. 3. An anode according to claim 2, comprising: a third portion comprising a third portion; 4. An anode according to claim 1 containing copper. 5. An anode according to claim 1, wherein the inverse angle is about 5°. 6. a) The profile of the shaped ledge includes an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface slopes downward towards the front of the anode, and the lower surface is divided into a plurality of parts, these lower surface parts electrolyzing the anode. using an inverted square mold including a ledge mold hole shaped to suspend vertically in the bath; b) positioning the mold on a casting wheel; and c) a ledge mold hole. d) casting the molten material into the mold; e) rotating the casting wheel; f) solidifying the molten material; g) removing the anode from the mold. and molding. 7. The projecting hole has a first part that slopes downward as the lower part of the projecting faces the front of the main body, a second part that extends upward from the first part, and an upward slope that extends from the second part toward the front of the main body. 7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the method has a shape such that the third portion is inclined to the top. 8. A method according to claim 6, wherein the molten substance comprises copper. 9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the lubricant comprises graphite.