JPS6169359A - Structure of rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify the structure and to improve the efficiency by disposing to flow a current to an armature winding through a rectifier in parallel from an external terminal via the secondary winding by a current transformer and a reactive element. CONSTITUTION:A rotary electric machine has a current transformer 2 in which the primary winding 1 is connected with the external terminals 4-6 of an armature winding 3 and external wirings 7-9, and reactive elements 15-18 connected with the terminals 4-6 are connected in parallel with reactors 22-24. The phase intermediate terminals 25-30 of the winding 3 are respectively connected with the rectifiers 22-24, and the DC exciting winding 35 of a saturable reactor 37 is controlled by an automatic voltage regulator 36. Thus, currents are flowed from the secondary windings 10-12 and external terminals 4-6 in parallel to the winding 3 to improve the efficiency by simplifying the structure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the structure of a rotating electrical machine, in which:
Especially regarding synchronous machine structure. Here, the term synchronous machine structure refers not only to the structure of a synchronous generator or a synchronous motor, but also to a so-called thyrist motor whose main body has the same structure as a synchronous machine. However, for ease of explanation, the following explanation will be limited to synchronous generators. These shall apply to all areas of synchronous machine construction.

Recently, a concept has emerged that omit the exciter in a brushless synchronous machine structure. Patent No. 801991 and Patent No. 801992
No. 1 is an example of this, but as the capacity increases, in these known systems that use AC as an excitation power source, the AC excitation capacity has to be increased.In order to eliminate this drawback, the inventor filed a patent application in 1981. Publication No. 224549 was submitted. According to this, the armature winding and the secondary winding of the transformer are electrically connected, one end of each phase of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to each phase terminal of the armature winding, and A rectifier is connected during the connection between the next winding and the armature winding. However, a problem with such a connection is that the device as a whole becomes rather complicated. It is a result of the above transformer having a voltage winding and a current winding as the primary winding, and a secondary winding therein.
This is because the transformer is a three-winding transformer, and in addition, a fairly large reactive element such as a reactor must be installed in series with the voltage winding.

The present invention aims to simplify the overall structure of the device, reduce the cost, and improve the efficiency of the device by eliminating the brushes and exciter and passing the exciting current in addition to the load current through the armature winding. , consists of the following structure. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, which is a specific example of an electrical connection diagram of the present invention, the primary winding 1 has external connection terminals 4, 5, 6 of the armature winding 3 and external connection wires 7, 8, Terminals 13, 14 of secondary windings 10, 11, 12 of current transformer 2 connected to 9
, 15, and external connection terminals 4, 5, 6 of the armature winding 3
Terminals 1 of reactive elements 16, 17, 18 connected to
Both of the rectifiers 9, 20, 21 are connected in parallel to the rectifiers 22, 23, 24, and the rectifiers 22, 23,
24 to each phase intermediate terminal 25, 26 of the armature winding 3.
, 27, 28, 29, 30, thereby providing an electrical connection between the secondary windings 10, 11, 12 of the current transformer 2.
Rectifiers 22, 23,
The arrangement is such that a current flows through the armature winding 3 through the armature winding 24.

In this way, in FIG. 1, the armature winding 3 forms a three-phase stator with a double mass type connection, and the current flowing through the three-phase windings 32, 33, and 34 is There are two types of current: load current and excitation current. In FIG. 1, one phase 32 of the three-phase winding indicates the direction of the load current at the moment of current as indicated by the dotted arrow, and the direction of the solid arrow is the exciting current. FIG. 2 shows an example of one phase of the stator armature winding, which corresponds to the winding 32 in FIG. 1 from the external connection terminal 4 to the neutral point 31. The connection of one armature winding connected from terminal 4 is double parallel connection, and one of the two circuits of parallel winding connection between one terminal 4 and the other terminal 31 is connected. The coil connections A and B thus made create two magnetic poles at different locations on the inner surface of the stator, and the coil connections C and D made by the other of the two circuits allow the coils to be connected to each other on the inner surface of the stator. to create two magnetic poles, and the above A
The coils A and D are brought into contact with each other so that the same magnetic poles are created by the coils A and D, and the coils B and C are brought into contact with each other so that the same magnetic poles are created by the coils B and C. A connecting terminal 25 is made at the point connecting between the coils C and D, and a connecting terminal 26 is made at the point connecting the coils C and D, and the DC side terminals of the rectifier 22 in Fig. 1 are connected to these terminals 25-26. Arranged to connect. In FIG. 2, the dotted arrow indicates the direction of the load current at a certain moment, and the solid arrow indicates the direction of the load current through the rectifier 22, the current transformer 2, and the reactive elements 16, 17.
18 to the armature winding 32.

As a result, it can be seen in FIG. 2 that four magnetic poles are created by the load current, and two magnetic poles are created by the excitation current. Similarly, in the case of FIG. 3, two magnetic poles are created by the load current. It can be seen that four magnetic poles are created by the excitation current. Now, how should the positive and negative directions of the DC side terminals of the rectifiers 22, 23, 24 connected to the secondary windings 10, 11, 12 of the current transformer 2 be connected to the armature windings 32, 33, 34? That's one problem. In FIG. 1, rectifiers 22, 23, 34 are arranged in phase sequence in that order,
The positive and negative directions of the 24 connections are such that one of them is connected in the opposite direction to the other two directions. In this way, the rectifier 22
, 23, 24 DC side terminals and armature windings 32, 33, 3
4, as a result of the phase sequential connection, the rectifiers 22, 23,
The arrangement is such that the magnetic fields created in each phase by the DC excitation current supplied from 24 to the armature winding are combined to create a composite magnetic field. These connection explanations were published in patent application No. 2 in 1982.
According to No. 17625.

In Figure 1, a reactor 16 is shown as an example of a reactive element.
, 17, 18 are shown. However, it is also possible to use the capacitors 38, 39, 40 of FIG. In the case of Fig. 1, a part of the power generated by the generator is extracted through reactors 16, 17, and 18 for the component proportional to the voltage, and the component proportional to the current is taken out by the current transformer 2. Rectifier 22
, 23, and 24 to rectify the current and supply it to the armature winding 3 as an exciting current. In the case shown in Figure 1, current transformer 2
Since a compound winding characteristic is provided by this, fluctuations in terminal voltage due to fluctuations in load can be compensated to some extent. However, since the armature reaction varies depending on the power factor of the load current, an automatic voltage regulator 36 must be used to keep the generator terminal voltage constant regardless of changes in the power factor and current. It is necessary to adjust the excitation current. The automatic voltage regulator 36 detects the voltage of the AC bus 41 and adjusts the voltage of the reactors 16, 17,
The current in the DC excitation winding 37 of the saturable reactor 35 connected in series with the saturable reactor 3 is automatically controlled.
Control the reactor value of 5. As a result, the AC bus 41
Then, the rectifiers 22, 2 pass through the reactors 16, 17, 18.
The voltage of the AC bus 41 is automatically controlled by controlling the excitation current applied to the armature winding 3 through the AC bus 41.

FIG. 1 shows the stator section, and the rotor section will be described later. It is also possible to use the connection shown in FIG. 4 instead of the one shown in FIG. 4 differs from FIG. 1 in that in FIG.
Capacitor 38 as a reactive element instead of 18,
This is the point where 39 and 40 are connected. In this case, in contrast to the connections between the reactors 16, 17, 18 and the secondary windings 10, 11, 12 of the current transformer 2 in FIG. 1, the connections between the capacitors 38, 39, 40 and the current transformer 2 in FIG. Secondary windings 10, 11
, 12 must be made with a 180 degree difference, for example, the reactors 16, 17, 12 of FIG.
18 and the capacitors 38, 39, 40 in FIG. 4 are connected to the external connection terminals 4, 5, 6 while maintaining the same relationship, The connections must be such that there is a phase difference of 180 degrees between FIGS. 1 and 4.

In FIG. 4, the rectifiers 22, 23, and 24 are arranged as rectifiers with control elements, and the control elements are controlled by a control device 42. The voltage of the AC bus 41 is detected, and the control device 42 controls the control elements of the rectifiers 22, 23, 24 based on the detected value, thereby controlling the current values of the rectifiers 22, 23, 24.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a single-phase connection, in which the one-phase winding 32 in the three-phase winding shown in FIG. 4 is electrically connected. The external connection terminals of the winding 32 are 4 and 43, and the external connection wire is 7.
and 44. The symbols shown in FIG. 5 correspond to the same symbols in FIG.

The load current flowing through the stator armature winding 3 in FIG. The numbers of magnetic poles are in a 1:2 relationship with each other, and the relationship between the number of magnetic poles and the current flowing in the rotor winding is as follows. FIG. 6 shows the rotor windings and rectifier 46 on the rotor. The number of magnetic poles created by the current indicated by the solid arrow in the armature winding 3 is two in the example of FIG. occurs. In Figure 6, the excitation winding 43 in the winding wound in a three-phase star shape is made up of two phases, and the other phase is short-circuited as shown in 44 to work as a damping winding. . In this way, the excitation winding 4
The electromotive force generated in the field winding 4 passes through the rectifier 46 due to the electromotive force generated in the field winding 4.
A direct current is applied to 5. Thereby, a four-pole field is created in the rotor, which generates an electromotive force and causes a current to flow in the armature winding 3 shown by the dotted arrow in FIG. This creates a four-pole magnetic field and corresponds between the four poles. In this way, it is basically considered that the action between the stator armature winding and the rotor winding is that they interact with each other when they have the same number of magnetic poles in terms of flowing current or generated electromotive force. It is based on the idea that things with different numbers do not interact with each other.

Other examples of rotor windings are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. Details are shown in Patent Application No. 157455 of 1982,
FIG. 7 is an example of a rotor structure diagram.

There is a conductor that is placed in 20 grooves in the rotor.
Assume that they are arranged as shown in FIG. In this case, the winding circuit is divided into four circuits 47, 48, 49, and 50, and a rectifier is connected to each of the four circuits as shown in the figure. In this case, when four magnetic poles are created as shown in Figure 3 by the excitation current shown by the solid arrows flowing in Figure 1, an electromotive force corresponding to four poles is generated in the rotor windings. However, due to the action of the rectifiers 51, 52, 53, and 54, a current always flows in the direction of the solid arrow in FIG.

This is because the resistance of the windings is very small compared to the inductance value, so the current shown by the solid line arrows always flows through the windings 47, 48, 49, and 50, and the overall current is 2.
This will create a field pole. In this way, the rotor becomes a two-pole field, which rotates and the armature winding 3 shown in FIG.
In this case, an electromotive force is generated as a two-pole machine in the direction of the dotted arrow, and current flows through the load.

Figure 9, like Figure 8, shows a dual-purpose system in which the rotor winding is used both as an excitation winding and as a field winding.
While FIG. 8 shows an example of single-layer winding, FIG. 9 shows an example of two-layer winding. The winding arrangement is based on Patent Application No. 19968 filed in 1982.
No. 6, the windings 55 are arranged in a three-phase double star connection. However, windings 57, 58 and winding 59
and 60 are arranged around the neutral points 63 and 64, but the windings 61 and 62 constituting the other phase are arranged around the neutral point 64 opposite to each other.
and 63. The winding 55 has a winding arrangement in which 57, 60, and 62 make one star-shaped connection, and 58, 59, and 61 make another star-shaped connection, among which the winding 61 for one phase. and 62 are connected in reverse as described above. In FIG. 9, the external connection terminals 65, 66, and 67 of the three-phase windings connected in this way are connected to the AC side terminals of the rectifier 56, and the DC side terminals of the rectifier 56 are connected to the neutral points 63 and 64.
Connect to. Now, if an exciting current is passed through the armature winding in the direction of the solid arrow in Figure 1 and creates four magnetic poles, the rotor will correspond to the direction shown in the solid arrow in Figure 9. It generates an electromotive force, which acts as a 4-pole winding.

As a result, current flows through the rectifier 56 to the rotor winding 55 as indicated by the dotted arrow. This creates a bipolar field, which rotates and generates an electromotive force in the armature winding as shown by the dotted arrow in Figure 1, causing current to flow. It will act as.

FIG. 10 shows the arrangement of the rotor windings in the case of a single phase, and the relationship between the windings 55 and the rectifier 56 is the same as in the case of FIG. 9. The situation is shown in Patent Application No. 199686 filed in 1982.

To summarize the effects of the present invention described above,
It will look like this:

(1) Conventionally known, for example, patent application published in 1982-2245
Comparing with No. 49, you can see its superiority and inferiority, but in this known example, the voltage winding and current winding are used as the primary winding of the transformer, and together with the secondary winding, a three-winding transformer is connected. Must have. In contrast, the present invention requires only a simple current transformer.

Furthermore, in the well-known patent application publication No. 58-224549, a reactor is inserted in series with the voltage winding of a three-winding transformer. 16, 17, 18 and capacitors 38, 39
, 40 are connected.

The device according to the invention is thus clearly simplified compared to the known systems mentioned above.

(2) As mentioned above, the publicly known patent application was published on 1982-2.
Compared to No. 24549, the three-winding transformer is simplified to the current transformer 2, so the efficiency of the entire device is improved by the voltage winding that is simplified.

(3) In the case of the capacitor connection shown in Figures 4 and 5, the required no-load induced electromotive force can be reduced due to the armature reaction, and the excitation power can be saved, so the armature winding The dimensions can be saved and the efficiency can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an example of a specific electrical connection diagram of the present invention, in which:
An electrical connection diagram related to the stator armature winding is shown, and FIGS. 2 and 3 each show a specific example of a connection diagram of a one-phase winding in the armature winding of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a specific example of an electrical connection diagram of the present invention different from FIG. 1, and this is also an example of an electrical connection diagram related to stator armature windings. FIG. 5 is a specific example of an electrical connection diagram in which the present invention is applied to a single-phase machine, and this is also an electrical connection diagram related to stator armature windings. FIG. 6 is an example of a partial diagram used in the present invention, and is an example of a diagram related to rotor windings. FIG. 7 shows an example arrangement of rotor windings, which is an example of a rotor that can be used with the stator of the present invention, and shows the grooves in which the conductors are placed. FIG. 8 is an example of the arrangement of the winding conductors in the grooves in FIG. 7, which can also be used with the stator of the present invention. FIGS. 9 and 10 also show examples of connections for rotor windings that can be used with the stator of the present invention. Next, there are the following symbols that represent the main parts of the diagram. 1: Current transformer primary winding, 2: Current transformer, 3: Armature winding, 4, 5, 6: External connection terminal of armature winding 3, 7,
8, 9: External connection wire, 10, 11, 12: Current transformer 2
13, 14, 15: Secondary winding terminals of current transformer 2, 16, 17, 18: Reactive element (reactor), 19, 20, 21: Terminals of reactive element,
22, 23, 24: Rectifier, 25, 26, 27, 28
, 29, 30: Intermediate terminal of each phase of armature winding 3, 31: Neutral point of armature winding 3, 32, 33, 34: Armature winding of each phase constituting three-phase armature winding 3 line, 35: saturable reactor, 36: automatic voltage regulator, 37: DC excitation winding, 38, 39, 40: capacitor, 41: AC bus, 42: control device, 43: excitation winding, 44:
Brake winding, 45: Field winding, 46: Rectifier, 47,
48, 49, 50: Winding circuit, 51, 52, 53, 5
4: Rectifier, 55: Rotor winding, 56: Rectifier, 5
7, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62: Windings of each phase constituting the rotor winding 55, 63, 64: Neutral point of the rotor winding 55, 65, 66, 67: Rotor three phases External connection terminal for winding 55.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The primary winding connects the external connection terminal of the armature winding, the secondary winding terminal of the current transformer connected to the external connection wire, and the reactive element terminal connected to the external connection terminal of the armature winding. Then, both the current transformer secondary winding and the reactive element are connected in parallel to a rectifier, and are arranged so that an electrical connection is made between the intermediate terminals of each layer of the armature winding through the rectifier. This is a structure of a rotating electrical machine in which current flows in parallel from the current transformer secondary winding, via the reactive element, from the external connection terminal, through the rectifier, and into the armature winding.