JPS6155638B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a swash plate compressor, and particularly to improvements in its assembly structure.

A piston that is moored via a bearing device to a swash plate fixed to a drive shaft at an angle is reciprocated within the cylinder bore of a cylinder block disposed opposite to the piston due to the rotational force of the swash plate. The so-called swash plate compressor is widely used for vehicle air conditioning due to its quiet operation and high volumetric efficiency. The front and rear housings each have a refrigerant circulation chamber therein, and the valve plate is interposed between the cylinder block and the housing and is equipped with a valve device that appropriately controls the flow of refrigerant to the cylinder bore. Generally, it is clamped and fixed by an appropriate number of through bolts that pass through it in parallel, and in conventional devices that are assembled and fixed in this way, the tightening force of the through bolts is used to tighten the cylinder block. Huge compressive load (approximately
It reaches 4000Kg to 6000Kg. ) is applied, and the compressive load causes distortion (compressive deformation of about 100μ in the axial direction) in the cylinder block, and this distortion acts in a direction that prevents the smooth movement of each moving part. However, since the through bolts are located closer to the outer shell of the compressor to avoid interference with the swash plate, the housing is also located in the center. As the deformation tends to occur, the pressing force of the gasket clamped between the housing and the valve plate becomes insufficient near the center, resulting in various drawbacks such as an accident of cutting the gasket. Ta.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention aims to provide a swash plate compressor that can reduce the compressive load applied to the cylinder block as much as possible during assembly and fixation, eliminate deformation of the cylinder block, and improve durability and performance. done for a purpose. The present invention will be explained in detail below based on the illustrated embodiments.

In FIGS. 1 to 4 showing the first embodiment,
Reference numerals 1 and 2 denote a pair of front and rear cylinder blocks arranged in series, and each cylinder block 1 and 2 has a boss hole 5 formed in a central boss 3 and passing through a drive shaft 4. A suitable number of cylinder bores 6 are provided at radial positions centered on the boss hole 5 and parallel to the drive shaft 4. As will be described later, when the compressor is assembled and fixed, the axes of the opposing cylinder bores 6, 6 of the cylinder blocks 1, 2 are aligned with each other. A double-headed piston 7 is fitted into the cylinder bores 6, 6 so as to be able to slide in the axial direction. It is moored via a bearing device. The drive shaft 4 is rotatably supported by a radial bearing 11 disposed in a boss hole 5 with respect to the cylinder blocks 1 and 2. 12 and 13
are front and rear housings that close the outer ends of cylinder blocks 1 and 2, respectively;
Refrigerant circulation chambers such as a suction chamber 14 and a discharge chamber 15 are formed inside the housings 12 and 13, respectively. The front housing 12 has a hub 16 through which the drive shaft 4 extends and is used to attach a clutch or the like for controlling the transmission of driving force.
is formed, and a shaft sealing device 17 is disposed inside the hub 16 between it and the drive shaft. In addition, the rear housing 13 has a suction chamber 14 and a discharge chamber 1, respectively.
A suction hole 18 and a discharge hole 19 are provided for communicating the refrigeration system 5 with an external refrigeration circuit. Incidentally, a mounting member 20 for mounting and fixing the compressor to a motor of a vehicle or the like is protruded from an appropriate location on the outer periphery of these housings 12, 13. The housing 1
Valve plates 21 and 21 are interposed between the cylinder blocks 1 and 2 and the cylinder blocks 1 and 2, respectively, and the valve plates 21 have a through hole 22 in the center that passes through the drive shaft 4, a cylinder bore 6, a suction chamber 14, and A suction port 23 and a discharge port 24 that communicate the discharge chambers 15 with each other, a swash plate chamber 25 that is formed in the opposing portions of the cylinder blocks 1 and 2 and accommodates the swash plate 8, and a swash plate chamber 25 that is formed between the six cylinder bores of each cylinder block 1 and 2. A communication hole 27 for communicating with the suction chamber 14 through a circulation space 26 is formed, and the suction port 23
A valve device (not shown) is disposed at the discharge port 24 to appropriately control the flow of the refrigerant. Further, gaskets 28, 28 are interposed between the housings 12, 13 and the valve plates 21, 21 to maintain airtightness between the discharge chamber 15 and the suction chamber 14 and with the outside. And these cylinder blocks 1,
2. Valve plates 21, 21 and housings 12, 13
The housings 12, 13 and the valve plate 21, independently on the front side and the rear side, respectively.
21 and are screwed into screw holes 29 drilled in the cylinder blocks 1 and 2, so that they are tightened and fixed together. In this embodiment, four bolts 30 are provided. Thrust bearings 31 and 32 are arranged at both ends of the boss 3 of the cylinder block 2. The thrust bearing 32 is also interposed between
is interposed between the rear end surface of the valve plate 21 in contact with the rear end of the boss 3 and a screw device 33 connected to the rear end of the drive shaft 4, and the screw device 33 is adjusted. The tightening force (approximately 200 kg) caused the swash plate 8 and the cylinder block 2 of the drive shaft 4 to
axial movement (rattling) is prevented. At this time, the through hole 22 of the rear valve plate 21
The diameter of the thrust bearing 32 may be larger than that of the thrust bearing 32 so that the front end surface of the thrust bearing 32 directly contacts the rear end surface of the boss 3. The present invention can also be implemented by arranging the swash plate 8 and the drive shaft 4 relative to the cylinder block 1 so as to rotatably support the swash plate 8 and the drive shaft 4 while restricting their axial movement relative to the cylinder block 1. It is. 34
4 is a shell into which the cylinder blocks 1 and 2 are inserted to form the outer shell of the compressor, and the shell 34 is shown in FIG. The cylinder blocks 1, 2 and the housings 12, 13 are fastened and fixed by a through bolt 35 extending parallel to the drive shaft 4. In this embodiment, two through bolts 35 are provided. 36 is the shell 34 and the housing 12,1
This is an O-ring disposed between the joint surface of the compressor and the compressor to maintain airtightness of the compressor. Further, a positioning pin 37 is interposed between the inner facing surfaces of the cylinder blocks 1 and 2 to regulate their mutual positional relationship. Reference numeral 38 denotes a conduit pipe extending between the cylinder bores, penetrating the front and rear valve plates 21, 21, and communicating the discharge chambers of the front housing 12 and the rear housing 13 with each other.

When assembling the compressor with the above configuration,
Housing 1 on the front side
2. The valve plate 21 and the cylinder block 1 are integrated by the tightening force of the bolts 30, and the housing 13, the valve plate 21 and the cylinder block 2 are integrated on the front side by the tightening force of the bolts 30 on the rear side. At the same time, the swash plate 8 and the drive shaft 4 are attached to the cylinder block 2, and the whole is integrated by a through bolt 35 with a shell 34 interposed. Fixed to. At this time, since a gap is set between the inner facing surfaces of the cylinder blocks 1 and 2, no compressive force is applied to the cylinder blocks 1 and 2 by the tightening force of the through bolt 35. . In addition, the tightening force by the bolt 30 is
2. If the force is sufficient to realize the integral fixation of the valve plate 21 and the cylinder block 1 or the housing 13, the valve plate 21 and the cylinder block 2, and to firmly fix the gasket 28. As a result, no compressive force acts on the cylinder blocks 1, 2 to the extent that they cause harmful deformations.

In the swash plate compressor configured as described above, when the drive shaft 4 receives a driving force from an external power source via a clutch or the like and rotates the swash plate 8, the rotational force of the swash plate 8 causes the piston 7 to move into the cylinder bore 6, Due to this reciprocating movement, the suction and discharge of refrigerant into the cylinder bores 6, 6 are repeated. A portion of the refrigerant flowing from the external refrigeration circuit into the suction chamber 14 of the rear housing 13 through the suction hole 18 due to the suction action is directly sucked into the rear cylinder bore 6 through the suction port 23 of the rear valve plate 21. , others flow into the swash plate chamber 25 from the communication hole 27 of the rear valve plate 21 through the circulation space 26 of the rear cylinder block 2, and from there flow into the communication hole 26 of the front cylinder block 1 and the communication hole of the front valve plate 21. 27
After being introduced into the suction chamber 14 of the front housing 12 through the suction port 23 of the front valve plate 21
It is drawn into the front cylinder bore 6.
In the next compression stroke of the piston 7, the refrigerant sucked into the cylinder bores 6, 6 is transferred to the discharge chambers 15, 15 of the housings 12, 13 from the discharge ports 24, 24, respectively.
is discharged. The discharged refrigerant in the discharge chamber 15 of the front housing 12 is led to the discharge chamber 15 of the rear housing 13 via the conduit pipe 38.
It joins with the refrigerant inside and is sent out from the discharge hole 19 to the external refrigeration circuit.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the gap between the inner facing surfaces of the cylinder blocks 101, 102 is extremely large, and its axial length is substantially the same as the axial length of the cylinder bores 6, 6. Therefore, the positioning pin 37 is omitted,
The mutual position of these cylinder blocks 101, 102 is controlled by the drive shaft 104 and the piston 7 itself. and thrust bearing 3
A protrusion 154 is formed on the end surface of the boss portion of the swash plate 8 on the opposite side to the side where the swash plate 8 is disposed, and the protrusion 154 is moored to the end surface of the boss portion of the swash plate 8 on that side. The drive shaft 1 is tightened by the tightening force of the screw device 33.
This prevents mutual misalignment between the 04 and the swash plate 8. Further, the suction hole in the rear housing 113 is eliminated, and the suction side of the external refrigeration circuit is communicated with the suction hole 118 formed in the shell 34 at a position facing the swash plate chamber 25. The other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, so explanations will be omitted.

In this embodiment, compared to the first embodiment described above, it is possible to reduce the weight, and the fixed state between the swash plate 8 and the drive shaft 104 is reliably maintained, and furthermore, the front and rear cylinder bores 6, The suction efficiency of the refrigerant with respect to 6 is equalized, the overall volumetric efficiency is improved, and quiet operation is possible.

In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a reinforcing member 153 on which the drive shaft 4 is loosely fitted is tightly fitted into the boss 103 of the cylinder block 102.
The inner end of the boss 103 extends beyond the side end of the boss 103 and directly contacts the thrust bearing 31. On the other hand, the boss 103 of the front cylinder block 101
Radial bearings 111, 111 are disposed to maintain the axial center position of the drive shaft 4 at a specified position. The reinforcing material 153 is the cylinder block 10
It is formed of a material that has less elastic deformation than the material that forms part 2. Further, a material such as a metal bearing may be disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the reinforcing member 153 so that the drive shaft 4 can be rotatably supported in this portion as well. The other configurations are the same as those in the first or second embodiment, so their explanation will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the tightening force by the screw device 33 is supported by the reinforcing member 153, so the existing tightening force, although low, is not transmitted to the cylinder block 102. Therefore, no harmful deformation occurs to the cylinder block 102.

In the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, one end of the shell 134 is moored and fixed between the housing 112 and the valve plate 121 on the front side, and a fixing bolt 39 attached to the other end is fixed. The whole is tightened and fixed by a nut 40 that passes through a through hole 41 of the rear housing 213 and is engaged with the fixing bolt 39. and cylinder block 20
1,202, the bolts 130 for independently assembling and fixing the valve plates 121, 21 and the housings 112, 213 on the front side and the rear side, respectively, are as follows:
Through holes 15 in each of the housings 112 and 213
0 and 151, which are interposed between the housings 112, 213 and the valve plates 121, 21, together with the screw holes 129 of the cylinder blocks 201, 202, which are aligned and arranged, respectively. It is placed at the position where the gasket 28 is installed. The other configurations are the same as any of the first to third embodiments described above, so explanations will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the force for clamping the gasket 28 is equalized over the entire area and can be pressed reliably, so that it is possible to prevent the gasket 28 from being cut due to the blow-through of high-pressure refrigerant, thereby increasing the durability of the compressor. It can enhance sex.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to avoid applying the tightening force for assembling and fixing the entire compressor directly to the cylinder block, thereby minimizing the amount of deformation of the cylinder block and thus of the cylinder bore. This makes it possible to set a small side clearance with the piston, which improves volumetric efficiency and reduces noise caused by the impact between the piston and cylinder bore, resulting in quiet operation. It becomes possible,
Furthermore, since the cylinder block, valve plate, and housing are assembled and fixed independently on the front and rear sides, the installation positions of the bolts can be relatively freely set without being affected by the presence of the swash plate. Therefore, by aligning the bolt with the position of the gasket interposed between the housing and the valve plate, the gasket can be clamped evenly and reliably, thereby increasing the pressure of the gasket. It has various remarkable effects such as being able to prevent breakage and improve the durability of the compressor, and it also allows the swash plate and drive shaft to be fixed in advance in the axial direction to either cylinder block. This also has the effect that the axial dimensions of the cylinder block, shell, etc. can be managed relatively easily, which can greatly contribute to reducing manufacturing costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show examples of the present invention.
4 shows the first embodiment, FIG. 1 is a sectional front view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of FIG.
The figure is a side view showing the rear housing, and Figure 4 is a side view showing the rear housing.
5 is a sectional front view showing the second embodiment, FIG. 6 is a sectional front view showing the third embodiment, FIGS. 7 and 8 are sectional views showing the fourth embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional front view, and FIG. 8 is a side view showing the rear housing. 1,101,201...Cylinder block (front), 2,102,202...Cylinder block (rear), 3,103...Boss, 4,104...Drive shaft, 6...Cylinder bore, 7...Piston, 8...Swash plate, 12,112...Front housing, 13,
113, 213... Rear housing, 14... Suction chamber, 15... Discharge chamber, 21, 121... Valve plate, 23...
Suction port, 24...Discharge port, 25...Swash plate chamber, 28...Gasket, 30...Bolt, 31, 32...Thrust bearing, 33...Screw device, 34...Shell.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A drive shaft in which pistons are inserted into an appropriate number of cylinder bores, which are respectively bored in a pair of cylinder blocks arranged in series and whose axes align with each other, and which extend through the center of the cylinder blocks. In a compressor of a type in which the piston is moored via a bearing device to a swash plate that is fixedly attached at an angle to the cylinder block, and the piston reciprocates within the cylinder bore by the rotational force of the swash plate, a housing whose end is closed and has a refrigerant flow chamber formed therein; and a valve plate interposed between the cylinder block and the housing and equipped with a valve device that appropriately controls the flow of refrigerant to the cylinder bore. The cylinder block is assembled and fixed independently to the cylinder block of the compressor, and the cylinder block is inserted into the shell that forms the outer shell of the compressor, with the inner end facing surfaces thereof not in contact with each other, so that the inner end surfaces of both the housings are connected to the outer end surface of the shell. A swash plate compressor characterized in that the shell and housing are connected and fixed in an airtight manner by the tightening force of a through bolt.