JPS614887A - Refrigerant compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To vary the discharging capacity of a compressor with a simple construction by providing a spring made of a shape remembering alloy together withn an ordinary energizing spring on the rear end of a vane. CONSTITUTION:On the back of vanes 20a, 20b which partition the inside of a compressor cylinder into high pressure and low pressure chambers, a spring 27 made of a shape remembering alloy, as well as ordinary energizing springs 21a, 21b are provided. When decrease in load on the discharge side of the compressor necessitates the reduction of its discharging capacity, the sriig of shape remembering alloy is electrified. This causes the spring 27 to be contracted to make the vane 20a float up, connecting the high pressure chamber to the low pressure chamber to reduce the discharging capacity of the compressor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to capacity control of refrigerant compressors used in air conditioning equipment.

Structure of a conventional example and its problems As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional refrigerant compressor includes a cylinder 1 having a cylindrical space inside, an oblong rotor 2 disposed at the center of the cylinder 1, A shaft 3 that rotates the rotor 2 and both sides 180 of the cylinder 1
Two vane grooves 4-a and 4-b provided at the same position.
the cylinder 1 and the rotor 2
The internal space of the low pressure side 12-a, 12-b and the high pressure side 1
3-a.

Vanes ts-a and 5-b are partitioned into 13-b and reciprocate in the vertical direction while contacting the rotor 2, and side plates (not shown) are fixed to both sides of the cylinder 1 and seal the internal space. ).

Note that 6-a and 6-b are vane springs 7-a that apply force to the rear ends of the vanes ts-a and s-b and press the tips of the vanes ts-a and cs-b against the rotor 2; ,? −
b is a suction hole formed in the cylinder, a-a, 8-b
9-a and 9-b are the discharge holes formed in the cylinder, and 9-a and 9-b are the discharge holes 8-a.

8-b is a discharge valve, 10-a and 10-b are discharge valve holding plates, and 11 is a shell.

In the refrigerant compressor configured as described above,
The tips of a and sb are vane springs 6-a.

It is pressed against the rotor 2 by the cylinder 1 and the internal space formed by the cylinder 1 and the rotor 2 is connected to the low pressure side 1.
2-a, 12-b and high pressure side 13-a.

It is divided into 13-b. rotor 2 by shaft 3
When rotates in the direction of the arrow, the vane 6-a.

Since the tip of 5-b is in contact with the oblong rotor 2, it slides in the vane grooves ea and 6-b in the vertical direction. At that time, the low pressure side 12-a.

The volume of the suction hole 7-a is increased.

? -b sucks refrigerant gas, while high pressure side 13-a.

Since the volume of 13-b becomes smaller, the refrigerant gas therein is compressed, and when the discharge pressure exceeds the discharge pressure as it rotates, the discharge valves 9-a and 9-b are pushed up and opened, and the refrigerant gas flows through the discharge hole 8. -a and 8-b. As mentioned above,
In this refrigerant compressor, the upper and lower parts are symmetrical, and the rotor 2
When the cylinder rotates once, suction, compression, and discharge are performed four times.

Incidentally, in recent years, there has been a strong demand for energy saving in air conditioning equipment, and obtaining a refrigerating capacity according to the load has become important from the viewpoint of comfort.

However, in the conventional configuration described above, a constant refrigerating capacity is produced at a constant rotation speed, and in order to change the refrigerating capacity according to the load, the refrigerant compressor is generally turned off to zero.
This is done by N-OFF control. In this case, there is a large temperature fluctuation between when the refrigerant compressor is in operation and when it is stopped, which poses a problem in terms of comfort. Furthermore, power consumption during startup is large, making it impossible to save energy.

In addition, as a method for saving energy, it has been proposed to control the capacity of the refrigerant compressor using a solenoid valve or a pulse motor, but this method has the drawbacks of a complicated configuration and a large external size. There is.

As described above, the conventional configuration has many problems in achieving energy savings, comfort, and miniaturization.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and provides a refrigerant compressor that has a simple configuration, can change the discharge capacity without increasing the external size, and has improved energy saving and comfort. It provides:

Structure of the Invention The present invention includes a cylindrical cylinder, a rotor housed in the cylinder, and a shaft that rotates the rotor.
The interior of the cylinder is divided into a low pressure side and a high pressure side, a vane that reciprocates while in contact with the rotor, a vane groove provided in the cylinder in which the vane can slide, and a vane groove formed on both sides of the vane groove. a side plate fixed to both sides of the cylinder and sealing a space formed by the cylinder, the rotor, and the vane on the side faces; and a shape attached to the rear end of the vane. It is composed of a compression spring made of a memory alloy, and with a simple configuration, the vane can be levitated to change the discharge capacity, saving energy without increasing the external size.
It has the unique effect of improving comfort.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side sectional view.

In the figure, 14 is a cylinder, 16 is a rotor, 16 is a shaft, 17 is a front plate, 18 is a rear plate, 19-a, 19-b are vane grooves, 20-a, 20-b
is a vane, 21-a, 21-b are vane springs, 22-a
, 22-b is a suction hole, 23-a and 23-b are discharge holes, 2
4-a and 24-b are discharge valves, 25-a and 25-b are discharge valve holding plates, and 26 is a shell, which is the same as the structure of the conventional example. The difference from the configuration of the conventional example is the above-mentioned base 7.
A compression spring 2 made of a shape memory alloy is attached to the rear end surface of one of the vanes 20-a and 20-b (2O-a in the figure).
This is the point where 7 was attached. The compression spring 27 made of the shape memory alloy can be energized by a lead wire (not shown), and when the temperature exceeds a set temperature, it contracts and can apply a tensile force, but normally it is in an expanded state.

The operation of the refrigerant compressor configured as above will be described below.

When the compression spring 27 made of a shape memory alloy is not energized,
It is in an extended state and shows deformation in response to the reciprocating movement of the bay 720-a. Therefore, the vane 20-a moves up and down in the vane groove 19-a while in contact with the rotor 16 by the vane spring 21-a, and as in the conventional example, when the rotor 16 rotates once, it moves four times. Suction, compression, and discharge are repeated, resulting in 100-chi operation.

Next, when the compression spring 27 made of a shape memory alloy is energized and the temperature exceeds the set temperature, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3,
A compression spring 27 made of a shape memory alloy attached to the rear end of the vane 20-a is compressed to an initially set shape, and its tensile force causes the vane 20-a to float above the rotor 16. At this time, the vane spring 21-a
The tensile force of the compression spring 27 made of a shape memory alloy is set to be larger than the force pressing the vane 20-a against the rotor 15, and the compression spring 27 made of a shape memory alloy is placed at two places on the left and right of the rear end of the vane 20-a. 27, the vane 20-a can smoothly slide in the vane groove 19-a.

The operation of the refrigerant compressor when the bay 720-a is floated above the rotor 15 by the compression spring 27 made of a shape memory alloy as described above will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 4a shows the case where the long axis of the rotor 15 is at a position where the vanes are located. At this time, two spaces are formed within the cylinder 14: cylinder chambers 28 and 29, and both compartments are the suction holes 22-a.

22-b and is filled with low-pressure refrigerant gas, and the discharge valves 24-a and 24-b are closed. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the rotor 15 can rotate 90 degrees in the direction of the arrow from this state. At this time, the vane 2o-a is floating above the rotor 16 by the compression spring 27 made of a shape memory alloy, while the vane 2o-bi and the vane spring 21-b
The cylinder 14 is in contact with the rotor 16 and partitions a space inside the cylinder 14. That is, there are three spaces in the cylinder 14, 3o in addition to the cylinder chambers 28 and 29, and the pressure is high. Further, the volume of the cylinder chamber 3o increases, and refrigerant gas is sucked through the suction hole 22-b. However, even when the rotor 15 rotates, the volume of the cylinder chamber 28 does not change because the vane 20-a is floating above the rotor 16, and no compression is performed, so that the cylinder chamber 28 remains a low-pressure refrigerant gas. Furthermore, FIG. 4C shows a state in which the rotor 15 is rotated. The refrigerant gas is compressed in the cylinder chamber 29, and when the pressure exceeds the discharge pressure, the discharge valve 24-'a opens and the refrigerant gas flows out from the discharge hole 23-a. Further, in the cylinder chamber 3o, refrigerant gas flows in from the suction hole 22-b as the volume increases, and the cylinder chamber 28 is in a state of low-pressure refrigerant gas without any change in volume. -b remains closed. Then, when the rotor 15 rotates 180 degrees, the fourth
The state shown in Figure a is reached, and the above-mentioned operation is repeated again.

Therefore, when the vane 20-a is floated from the rotor 15 by energizing the compression spring 27 made of a shape memory alloy, the cylinder chamber 28 on the floated platform 720-a side does not change in volume and is filled with low-pressure refrigerant gas. = 1, the discharge valve 24-b always discharges high-pressure refrigerant gas from the discharge hole 23-'' twice.In other words, compared to normal 100% operation without capacity control, the discharge valve 24-b always discharges high-pressure refrigerant gas at 60% capacity. Control becomes possible.

In addition, the configuration for controlling the capacity can be achieved by simply attaching a compression spring made of a shape memory alloy to the rear end of the vane and energizing it, so that capacity control can be achieved without increasing the external size. Furthermore, there is no change in volume in the cylinder chamber where capacity control is performed, and there is almost no loss due to capacity control, resulting in a highly efficient refrigerant compressor.

As described above, according to this embodiment, a compression spring made of a shape memory alloy is attached to the rear end of the vane, and by applying electricity, the vane is lifted from the rotor, which is a simple configuration. Capacity can be controlled to 60 inches, i! In addition, since there is almost no loss associated with capacity control, it is possible to save energy and improve comfort without increasing the external size.

In addition, in this embodiment, it has been described that one vane of a two-vane refrigerant compressor equipped with a perfect circular cylinder and an oblong rotor is controlled, but a perfect circular rotor, a perfect circular rotor, and a perfect circular cylinder are controlled. Alternatively, a similar effect can be obtained in a refrigerant compressor that combines a non-round rotor and has one or more reciprocating vanes.

In addition, in a refrigerant compressor equipped with multiple vanes, 1
Needless to say, the same thing can be done even if one or more vanes are controlled.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention can control the discharge volume with a simple configuration in which a compression spring made of a shape memory alloy is attached to the rear end of the vane and the vane is levitated from the rotor by applying electricity. This has the effect of providing a compact refrigerant compressor that can save energy and improve comfort.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a conventional refrigerant compressor, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a refrigerant compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the refrigerant compressor, and FIG. 4a , b, and c are main part sectional views for explaining capacity control of the refrigerant compressor. 14...Cylinder, 16...Rotor, 2
0-a. 20-b... Vane, 21-a, 21-b.
...Vane spring, 22-a, 22-b=--
- Suction hole, 23-a. 23-b...Discharge hole, 24-a, 24-b...
...Discharge valve, 27... Compression spring made of shape memory alloy. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 6n, Figure 2, Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] a cylindrical cylinder, a rotor housed in the cylinder, a shaft that rotates the rotor, and a vane that partitions the inside of the cylinder into a low-pressure side and a high-pressure side and that reciprocates while in contact with the rotor; a vane groove provided in the cylinder in which the vane can slide; a suction hole and a discharge hole formed on both sides of the vane groove; and fixed to both side surfaces of the cylinder, the cylinder, the rotor,
A refrigerant compressor comprising: a side plate that seals a space formed by the vane on its side; and a compression spring made of a shape memory alloy and attached to a rear end of the vane.