JPS6145520B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a seawater desalination apparatus for obtaining fresh water from seawater, and in particular, an object of the present invention is to obtain fresh water with high thermal efficiency and at low cost.

Below, an explanation will be given with reference to the drawings showing an example using an absorption type heat pump type refrigerator. 1 is a known absorption type heat pump type refrigerator consisting of a generator 2, a condenser 3, an evaporator 4, an absorber 5, etc. Freezer, 6
is a desalination shell having a seawater evaporation chamber 7 and a water vapor condensation chamber 8, and the driving heat source of the heat pump type refrigerator 1 is a generator 2 which heats a heat medium circulated by a circulation pump 9. Solar heat collector 10 that supplies
A high-temperature water heater 11 that appropriately compensates for the lack of heating heat in the generator 2, or another heat source 12 that can obtain hot water of 100° C. or higher, such as exhaust heat, is used, which is not related to solar heat.

In addition, the heating heat source of the heat pump absorption refrigerator 1 is supplied from the sea 14 to the evaporator 4 by means of a circulation pump 13.
On the other hand, the seawater that flows into the absorber 5 and condenser 3 via the cooler 16 of the desalination shell 6 by another circulation pump 15 is processed by the absorption heat pump function of the heat pump refrigerator 1. In other words, the same amount of heat pumped up in the generator 2 and evaporator 4 is heated by the heat released from the absorber 5 and condenser 3, flows into the evaporation chamber 7, is dispersed, and is flushed. ,
The water droplets boil, and the water in the seawater turns into steam and is vaporized and decomposed. In this way, by raising the temperature of seawater with the absorption type heat pump refrigerator 1, a fluid having the same temperature or lower temperature as the seawater from which water vapor is separated is used as a heat source for boiling the seawater in the evaporator 7. It becomes possible to utilize the heat of seawater, and the amount of water vapor separated per unit amount of seawater can be increased accordingly.

The water vapor in the evaporation chamber 7 flows into the condensation chamber 8, where it is cooled and condensed by the seawater flowing through the cooler 16 to become fresh water 17. The on-off valve 18 is opened as appropriate to store fresh water in the fresh water tank 19, and the fresh water is stored as needed. Supplied externally.

Further, the seawater from which water vapor has been separated and concentrated is returned to the sea 14 via a vacuum pump 20 capable of liquid discharge.

In this way, the vacuum pump 20 maintains the pressure inside the desalination shell 6 at a low pressure (for example, 30 mmHg) at which seawater at about 50° C. can be boiled.

It should be noted that the temperatures shown in the figure indicate approximate values of the liquid temperature at each part in the case of the above embodiment.

As described above, in the seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention, a low-temperature (90°C or higher) heat source such as a solar water heater is used as the drive mechanism of the heat pump type refrigerator, and while seawater is used as the heating heat source, fresh water is obtained. By using seawater as the cooling water for water vapor condensation during cooling, and by guiding the preheated cooling seawater to a heat pump type refrigerator to raise its temperature, heat loss to the outside of the equipment is reduced. Not only can fresh water be obtained from seawater with very little operating cost, but even when the driving heat source such as solar heat source or waste heat is insufficient and fuel is used as an auxiliary heat source, it is a desalination device with high thermal efficiency. It can be operated by consuming fuel, and compared to heating the seawater to be desalinated using only a heat source with a higher temperature, the unit of seawater is reduced by utilizing the heat of the sea, which is lower in temperature than the seawater to be desalinated. The amount of fresh water obtained per unit amount can be increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a circuit configuration diagram of a seawater desalination apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention using an absorption heat pump type refrigerator. 1... Absorption heat pump refrigerator, 2...
Generator, 3... Condenser, 4... Evaporator, 5... Absorber, 7... Evaporation chamber, 8... Condensation chamber, 10... Solar heat collector, 16... Cooler.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Seawater from the ocean is passed through the condensation chamber of the desalination shell, the absorber of the heat pump absorption refrigerator, and the condenser in order to raise its temperature, and then guided to the evaporation chamber of the desalination shell where it is boiled and concentrated. The desalination shell is combined with a heat pump type absorption refrigerator via a seawater flow path that returns to the sea, and a seawater supply path is installed to supply seawater from the sea to the evaporator as a heat source for the heat pump type absorption refrigerator. At the same time, the generator is equipped with a heat source fluid supply path to supply solar hot water or a fluid at the same or higher temperature level, and is separated from seawater in the evaporation chamber of the desalination cylinder. A seawater desalination device is constructed by providing a fresh water outlet in the desalination cylinder so that water vapor is liquefied in a condensation chamber and extracted as fresh water.