JPS6143125B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a container; a cylindrical unitary metal can having a circumferentially extending neck and an open end terminating in an adjacent outwardly facing peripheral flange (hereinafter referred to as the can); ); a method for forming the neck and flange on the can body; and an apparatus for forming the peripheral flange and neck.

The purpose of the peripheral flange is to provide an element to which the can offcuts are usually attached after the can has been filled, and this attachment is carried out between the peripheral flange of the can offcuts and the end flange of the can body to form a double joint. This is carried out by combining and deforming the . The neck is a flange,
The can scraps are therefore of a smaller diameter than they would be without the neck; the radial depth of the neck is usually such that the double joint has an outer diameter not greater than the diameter of the cylindrical side wall. In some metal containers, such as the so-called "lever" or "pry-open" type, the member joined to the end of the can body is usually a ring in which the lid engages.

The terminal neck may also be used for other purposes, namely to provide a convenient means of engaging the container and the carrier;
Such carriers are designed to hold a plurality of containers and are made of, for example, cardboard or flexible plastic material. Carriers of the type that engage the necks of containers of the type concerned here usually have horizontal beams with a plurality of holes, so that the periphery of each hole supports the entire container or a portion thereof. Engage with the underside of the joint. If the container body is provided with a neck, this neck provides some means of support or restraint against the girder on the circumference of the hole in the carrier girder and prevents removal from the carrier by the user. It can be shaped to help secure the container to the girder until desired.

Various methods have been proposed for forming end necks and flanges on single can bodies. One method has been to mold the neck and/or flange using a circumferentially extending mold. Another method is the rolling or spatula drawing of the neck and/or flange using an external spatula drawing roll cooperating with an inner member provided inside the can body. In the latter known method, the can body is rigidly supported by an inner mandrel or the like; the inner member is a paddle squeeze roll or a mandrel supporting the can body.
In one such method, the neck and flange are simultaneously molded into a can body that is internally and rigidly supported by an expandable mandrel or chuck, and the shape of the neck and flange is defined by an outer spatula cooperating with this mandrel. Shaped by squeeze rolls.

In another method, the can body is supported internally in a vise by a spatula drawing guide in a vertical direction, and the neck and flange are shaped by external spatula drawing rolls, which rolls are used for guiding and The can body is deformed into a groove shape on a vise, and the roll is moved in the axial direction of the can body.

In the conventional methods described above, the final shape of the neck and/or flange is determined by the form of the tool elements used to form them, that is, the tool elements (mold, spatula drawing roll, mandrel, vise, etc.) or machined surfaces to match the desired shape of the flange, and the metal of the can body is deformed to match these shapes. Then, if different shapes are required, the tool must be modified to provide tool elements with various shapes.

The method as described above in which an expandable mandrel is used is
Thin-walled, coinage metal usually used for convenience, especially usually tin-plated metal sheets, such as mild steel or black-tinted material, which is usually tin-plated but has been suitably treated but does not need to be plated with other metals. Even if the can body is made of certain double-reduced metal sheets, the flange and neck can be formed reliably and economically. The present invention is suitable for use with these thin and hard materials.

According to the invention, a first feature thereof is to provide a method for forming a peripheral end flange and a neck adjacent to said flange at the open end of a cylindrical metal can, said method comprising while applying a radial force to the can body by the molding member, at the same time performing relative rotation around the axis of the can body between the can body and the molding member, while still allowing free movement. applying an axial shortening force to the can body to deform the can body within the cavity, thereby progressively forming the metal flange.

Preferably, the method includes: guiding between a bottom support element coaxially engaging the bottom of the can body and forming a main axis and an end support member coaxially engaging the distal edge of the can body at said open end; the element is supported in axial compression with the guide element extending concentrically into the can body through the end support member, and between the can body, the bottom support member, the end support member, and the guide element; and on the other hand a relative rotation about the main axis between the can body and the molded part, and on the one hand a relative radial movement between the can body and the molded part and between the can body and the molded part. and relative axial movement between the end support member and the bottom support member, thereby applying an axial shortening force on the can body in the axial direction and maintaining the end support. , a certain axial cavity is defined between the circumferential first tool edge of the guiding element and the second circumferential tool edge of the forming member.
a tool edge such that at least the neck and flange are freed by the second tool edge by deforming the can body around the first tool edge; Form inside the void.

In the preferred form as described above in the method of the invention, the shape of the neck and flange of the finished can is created by progressively deforming the workpiece metal along the length of the end; The tool edge acts along the sidewall end portion to engage the first tool edge with the inside of the end portion and provide a fulcrum for execution by the second tool edge to form the desired shape. That is the gist of it.

The basic features of the method of the invention as described above are:
In contrast to the previously proposed methods mentioned above, the shape of the neck and flange does not depend on the provision of one or more tool surfaces with the desired shape; in the present invention the shape is, for example, cast, rolled or Rather than forming the workpiece material by bringing it into intimate engagement or conformity with the surface of such a shaped tool, such as by spatula drawing, it is instead formed in a free cavity. However, it is included within the scope of the invention that certain portions of the shape match the shape of one of the tool edges. However, in general, the present invention provides speed changes and relative changes in the radial motion between the second tool edge and the workpiece in relation to the axial motion between the workpiece and the first and second tool edges. a predetermined thickness predetermined by appropriately selecting a timing relationship;
For a workpiece of a particular metal material with a sidewall length and diameter, the shape formed in part by the axial compression and radial forces to which the workpiece is subjected, as well as by the various relative motion characteristics, i.e. the neck and end. The material is processed in such a way that it deforms into the shape of the flange.

In the recommended form as described above, the method according to the invention can be applied at any point during machining at only three points between the end part of the workpiece and the tool used to form the neck and flange, namely: at the terminal edge to provide radial restraint to the edge and guide its axial movement; at a point on the inner surface of the terminal section by the first tool edge; and at the second tool edge. It can be seen that contact is made at one point on the outer surface of the terminal portion; Thus, by varying the characteristics of the relative motion for a given workpiece, the shape imparted to the neck and flange can be varied at will. In practice, such wide variations in shape can be made without having to make changes to parts of the tool, as would be necessary if the desired shape depended on tool edges having a special shape.

Preferably, the first tool edge is kept stationary and the second tool edge is moved radially relative to the workpiece, the workpiece being moved with the second tool edge relative to the first and second tool edges. The workpiece is moved axially in a direction such that the axial distance between it and the end edge of the workpiece decreases to zero.

According to a second feature of the invention, the apparatus is for forming a peripheral end flange at the open end of a cylindrical tube and a neck adjacent to said flange, said apparatus being adapted to support said can body. a support device made to apply axial compression and apply an axial shortening force to the can body; and an outer mold member for applying a radial force to the can body. are arranged for mutual rotation about the axis of the support device.

The device comprises a bottom support element coaxially engaging the bottom of the can body and forming a major axis; axially opposite the bottom support element for engaging the terminal edge of the can body at said open end an end support member; a guide member extending through the end support member toward said bottom support element and having a circumferential first tool edge; and a second tool edge facing toward said main axis and having said first tool edge; 1
an outer molded member disposed axially a distance from the tool edge, the end support member and the bottom support element being arranged for axial movement relative to each other, thereby providing an axial force on the can body; applying a shortening force of , the end support member being arranged to undergo an axial movement past the guide element, and the forming member and the end support member being arranged to perform a radial movement relative to each other; is suitable.

The bottom support element has a lifting pad for supporting the end of the workpiece opposite the open end, the end support member axially engaging the end edge and restraining it from moving radially. Preferably, the lifting pad and the limiting ring are capable of axial movement independently of each other.

The guide member is typically a mandrel or chuck with a circular edge, said edge (the first tool edge)
and the workpiece in approximately one plane transverse to the workpiece axis.

Preferably, the forming member is a roller rotatable about its own axis and having a circumferential edge shape forming said second tool edge.
The second tool edge intersects the workpiece axis at any point between the second tool edge and the end portion of the workpiece. They almost touch each other in one plane. Two or more second tool elements may be provided.

The present invention also includes within its scope the aforementioned first aspect of the present invention.
It includes within its scope a metal can body of the type defined herein manufactured by a method according to the features of the invention; and also includes within its scope a container containing said can body and having an end closure joined to its peripheral flange.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, a peripheral flange 10 of a can body 12 is shown.
The device for forming the neck portion 11 is an edge support device (hereinafter referred to as such in the main text) that supports a hollow metal workpiece 13 in the shape of a cylindrical metal can coaxially with the device and compressed in the axial direction. )including. The can body is of the type having a thin-walled cylindrical seamless side wall 14 with an end portion 15 (shown in phantom);
The terminal portion 15 has a terminal edge 16 forming an open end 17 of the workpiece. Workpiece 13 includes any known unitary bottom wall (not shown in FIG. 1), such as an inverted dome shape, a portion of which is shown at 18 in FIG.
You can see it at Cylindrical side wall 1 of workpiece 13
The upper or open end of 4 is slightly open at the terminal portion 15 in this embodiment to form a small initial flange 19 . As the workpiece 13, it is preferable to use a double reduced tin plate, chemically treated mild steel, or a blackened plate.

Said support device includes a distal edge 16 and a flange 1
an end support member in the form of a restriction ring 20 with an annular cut at its lower end for engaging with the bottom wall 18 of the workpiece from below; It consists of a bottom support member in the form of a lifting pad 20 that can be seen in Figure 2. Lifting pad 22 and restriction ring 20
are arranged to effect a controlled movement in the direction of the axis 23 of the workpiece 13 independently of each other in a manner that will be clear from the description below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6. There is.

The device also has a guide member in the form of a shaft or chuck 24 extending through the restriction ring 20 and within the hollow workpiece 13 towards the lifting pad 22. In this embodiment, the chuck 24 is a simple disk with a first slightly rounded circumferential tool edge 25; Neck forming roller 2 with a second tool edge 27 in the shape of a profile 27
It consists of a molded part as 6. Neck forming roller 2
6 is rotatable in a known manner about its own axis 28 and arranged for relative radial movement between itself and a main axis 23 common to the workpiece 13, the restriction ring 20 and the lifting pad 22. ing. This relative movement is obtained by controlled radial movement of rollers 26 as indicated by arrows 29.

The restriction ring 20, the lifting pad, the workpiece 13 and the chuck 24 are each rotatable together about an axis 23.

The operation of the device will be more clearly understood from FIGS. 2-6. The workpiece 13 is supported on the lifting pad 22 and lifted by the lifting pad 22 until the distal edge 16 of the workpiece engages the limit ring notch 21 as shown in FIG. ). At this stage the limit ring 20 is in its uppermost position and the workpiece 13 is in the chuck 24.
has not been in contact with.

The workpiece 13 is now moved to the lifting pad 22
and is coaxially and axially supported in compression by a restriction ring 20; the restriction ring 20 provides a radial restriction to the distal edge 16. It can be seen that the chuck 24 is located inside the workpiece 13 and that the sidewall 14 of the workpiece is located between the chuck 24 and the neck forming roller 26 on the outside of the workpiece.

While lifting pad 22, limit ring 20, chuck 24, and workpiece 13 are rotating as one unit (as indicated by arrow 31 in FIG. 1), lift pad 22 and limit ring 20 are rotated as shown in FIGS. 4-6. It is moved downwardly, as indicated by the vertical arrow, thereby moving the workpiece 13 down with them relative to the tool edges 25 and 27.

During this axial movement, the neck forming roller 26, which is continuously rotating about its axis, is moved radially. These axial (vertical) and radial (horizontal) movements of workpiece 13 and roller 26, respectively, cause point 32 (FIG. 3) on roller edge surface 27 to point 32 at lower limit 33 of neck portion 11.
(FIG. 6) is first timed to contact the side wall 14 of the workpiece 13 in order to be made exactly as shown.

By further horizontal movement of the neck forming roller 26 while continuing the vertical downward movement of the workpiece, machining is performed in the free cavity by the cooperative action of the tool edge 27 of the roller and the tool edge 25 of the chuck. The metal of the object end portion 15 is deformed such that said edge 25 engages the inner surface of the workpiece in a common radial (vertical) plane with the point of contact 32 between the edge 27 and the outer surface of the workpiece. . The tool edge 25 acts as a fulcrum for controlled deformation of the metal in the free cavity to form a frusto-conical neck portion 34. Neck forming roller 2
When the radial movement of 6 is stopped and the axial movement of the workpiece 13 continues, the cylindrical neck-shaped part 3
5 is formed above the shape 34 (FIG. 5).

FIG. 5 represents the end of the forming operation, in which the restriction ring 20 has reached its lowermost position and the entire end portion 15 of the workpiece 13 has been formed into the shape of the neck portion 11 and the peripheral end flange 10, with the upper part of said flange 10 being formed. The surface is determined by the position of the inner edge 25 of the tool.

From the above description, it can be seen that the restriction ring 20 is located at the distal edge 1
6 in the radial direction and exert an axial shortening force on it, but also to steadily hold the undeformed part of the workpiece (e.g. 36 in FIG. 4) in its initial state. It will be seen that it acts to guide the workpiece in its axial movement. It is also considered preferable to provide an initial flange 19, although this is not necessarily necessary in all cases, in order to carry out the above processing.

While the lifting pad 22 is constantly moving downward over a distance X during the forming operation, the limiting ring 20
moves downward over a distance Y that is greater than distance X. The rate of movement of the restriction ring 20 is determined by the rate at which the metal moves axially downwardly and away from the ring, which is dependent on the desired neck and flange configuration. It is understood that this variation can be determined in advance and precisely controlled by any of a variety of known techniques for tool control. Similarly, the neck forming roller 26
The predetermined characteristics of the radial motion of can be precisely controlled.
Of course, it is also possible to provide the movement characteristics of the lifting pad 22 such that it does not move at an approximately constant speed. Lifting pad 22 and restriction ring 2
0, and by giving predetermined speed characteristics to each of the vertical and horizontal movements of the roller 26,
And by timing these movements relative to each other in a predetermined manner, any desired neck and flange shape can be obtained.

In this regard, the chuck 24, the restriction ring 20 and the neck-forming roller 26 can be easily installed with slight modification on a standard machine of known type for forming the neck of a can body by spatula machining or for joining an end piece to a can body. It can be seen that this constitutes a set of tools that can be used. Such a machine comprises a lifting pad 2 with drives for the rotation of the splicing roll and its radial movement; for the rotation of the chuck and the lifting pad; for the vertical movement of the lifting pad; and for the vertical movement of the chuck.
Contains 2. Since such machines are known in the art, there is no need to describe them in the text; the drive for moving the chuck up and down provides vertical movement of the limit ring 20 instead of the chuck 24. It is easy to imagine that it can be connected to the restriction ring 20 in this way. Combining these various drives to control the characteristics described above can be accomplished in any known manner. For example, it is possible to provide three timing cams to control the vertical movement of the lifting pad and restriction ring and the radial or horizontal movement of the neck forming rollers, all driven from one constant speed motor. be done. Apart from this, counting, magnetic, tape or "stopper" controls are used to control the various drives.
Simple electrical control systems of the type can also be provided; these systems have the advantage that they can be very easily reconfigured to new configurations of necks and flanges.

As stated at the beginning of the text, the neck portion 11 together with the unique characteristics of the material and dimensions of the workpiece 13 itself.
It is believed that it is the characteristics of the various relative motions of the tool elements 20, 22, 25, 27 that determine the final shape of the peripheral flange 10. The processed product is
The flange 10 is connected to the cylindrical upper portion 35 of the neck portion 11.
The forming of the rounded portion 37 that connects to the tool edge 2 is facilitated in this example by providing a rounded tool edge 27 of the neck forming roller 26.
No contact is made with the chuck 24 except at point 5.

FIG. 6 shows the restricting ring 20 returned to its upper portion and the neck forming roller 26 in its removed position, while the lifting pad 22 is lowered and ready to remove the completed can body 12. .

Now, in FIG. 7, a conventional spatula drawing neck forming or can end joining machine having the various drive systems described above has a pair of arms 70 each adapted to carry a spatula drawing or neck forming roller 71. . A neck base element 72 rotatable by a tube-shaped spatula drawing or neck-forming spindle 73 (member 72 and spindle 73 are shown in chain lines) has a neck-forming and flange-forming tool 74 attached thereto. have. Tool 7
4 is adapted in the manner described above with respect to FIGS. 1 to 6 and essentially includes a ring 75 attached to member 72 by a hollow nut 76; attached to ring 75 by means not shown. chuck 77; and ring 75 and chuck 77
a restriction ring 78 mounted coaxially therearound and for axial movement relative thereto;
including. Restriction ring 78 is movable axially through member 72 and ring 75 by nut 80 (by suitable conventional equipment, not shown).
It is attached to a vertical actuation rod 81. The limit ring 78 is restrained from rotation relative to the ring 75 by a web 82 of an engagement slot (not shown) in the limit ring, but the actuating rod 8 extends upwardly through the neck forming spindle 73.
It is rotatable together with 1. Thus, although the entire tool 74 is rotatable with the base member 72 by the neck forming spindle 73, the limit ring 78 is also rotatable in the axial direction by the actuating rod 81 which provides complete and secure control of the movement of the limit ring 78. It is movable. The lifting pad 22 is attached to the base member 8 by a compression spring 79.
It is supported on 3. Base member 83 is vertically movable as described above with respect to FIGS. 2-6. Spring 79 serves to preload the workpiece against limit ring 78 by an amount so as to induce a friction torque in the neck forming operation that is greater than that induced by the resistance of the workpiece.

The operation of the apparatus, including the machine with neck forming tool 74 and rollers 71 of FIG. 7, is generally similar to the embodiment previously described with respect to FIGS. 1-6. Preferably, two neck forming rollers are used.

8-11, these figures represent only four out of the many possible neck and end flange shapes obtainable by the method and apparatus described above.
Indicates only the type. The fifth such shape is the sixth
This is shown in the figure. In the configuration shown in FIG. 8, the neck section consists of a cylindrical section 85 connected to the main section of the can side wall 14 by a generally radial section 86. The outer diameter of the terminal flange 87 is approximately the same as that of the side wall 14.
is equal to the outer diameter of

The configuration shown in FIG. 9 allows the attachment of an end closure member to the can body using an end flange 90 of a diameter significantly smaller than that of the sidewall 14, with the peripheral end flange having a relatively long frusto-conical neck. 91 to the side wall 14.

FIG. 10 shows a more conventional configuration in which the peripheral end flange 100 is continuous with a neck 101 having a C-shaped cross-section.

Finally, in FIG. 11, the neck part
2 shows an example of a configuration consisting of one or more neck portions 110 connected by 2.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cut-away elevational view showing a portion of a can combined with the components of an apparatus in a simple embodiment of the invention, and FIGS. 2 to 6 are an example of a processing method according to the invention. 7 shows each of the five stages in carrying out the forming of the can neck and peripheral end flange; FIG. 7 is a simplified cut-away elevational view showing parts of the apparatus in an alternative embodiment of the invention; The figures are partial cross-sectional views showing four examples of neck portions and peripheral end flanges formed in accordance with the practice of the present invention. 10: Peripheral flange, 11: Neck part, 12: Can body, 13: Workpiece, 14: Side wall, 15: End part, 16: End edge, 17: Open end, 18: Can inverted dome part, 19: Initial stage flange, 20: restriction ring, 21: annular cut, 22: lifting flange,
23: axis, 24: chuck, 25: first circumferential tool edge, 26: neck forming roller, 27: circumferential edge shape, 28: neck forming roller axis, 29, 31:
Arrow, 32: Point on roller edge surface, 33: Lowermost end of neck portion, 34: truncated conical neck shape, 35: cylindrical neck shape, 36: unprocessed part of workpiece, 37:
Rounded portion, 70: Arm, 71: Neck forming roller, 72: Neck head base member, 73: Neck forming spindle, 74: Neck and flange forming tool, 7
5: Ring, 76: Hollow nut, 77: Chuck, 78: Limit ring, 79: Limit ring, 8
1: Operating rod, 82: Girder belly, 83: Base member, 8
5: Cylindrical part, 86: Rounded part, 87: End flange, 90: End flange, 91: Neck part, 10
0: terminal flange, 101: neck, 110, 11
1: Cervical, 112: Circumferential bead.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for forming a peripheral end flange 10 and a neck 11 of a cylindrical can body 13, in which a radial force progressing from the outside to the inside of the can body and a continuous force synchronous with the rotation of the can body Due to the process of applying an axial compressive force and an axial downward movement of the bottom of the can, the end of the can is defined by a support 25 along an inner circumferential line adjacent to the peripheral end of the can. of a cylindrical can body, characterized in that the originally unsupported part, except for a limited line of support, is constantly deformed during the process so that it is bent inward around the Peripheral end flange and neck forming method. 2. Molding method according to claim 1, characterized in that the inwardly proceeding radial force is stopped while the axial downward movement of the bottom is still in progress. 3. The axial movement of the bottom is stopped when the diameter of the flange 10 reaches a dimension equal to the diameter of the side wall of the initial can body. Molding method described. 4. Any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a continuous axial compressive force is applied until the preformed initial flange returns to its end-of-process diameter. Molding method described in section. 5 an axially movable axial thrust member 20 exerting a continuous axial compressive force, a can bottom support element 22 and a guide element 24 with a flat circumferential edge 25 forming a support line; , and at least one external forming roller 26 for exerting an inwardly traveling radial force, and a can bottom support element 22 movable from the guide element 24 and the forming roller or rollers 26. A peripheral end flange and neck forming device for a can body, characterized in that a portion of the can body can be deformed beyond the supporting end edge 25 due to the absence of any one of the aforementioned elements. Terminal flange and neck forming equipment. 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the thrust member 20 is a circular restriction ring. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the restriction ring 20 has an annular cut 21 which prevents the radially outward movement of the distal edge 16 of the can body.