JPS6338020Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a device for attaching a flange to a drawn and ironed container. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a flange in the process of forming a so-called two-piece can.

In drawing and ironing, shallow metal cups are first drawn from a thin metal sheet and then punched through multiple ironing rings to thin the sidewalls with little reduction in diameter. During this process, the walls of the container are thinned to about 1/3 of their original thickness, forming an open-ended cylindrical container whose side walls are thinner than the bottom. This open end is trimmed to the appropriate length and perpendicular to the axis of the container. At this stage, the container is first necked and then flanged to form a two-piece can (hereinafter referred to as can). After filling, the cans are double-seamed with lids during the sealing process.

Containers that are drawn and ironed before being formed into cans (hereinafter referred to as ``containers'') are generally manufactured from aluminum or tinned steel sheets, and during the ironing process, the metal, especially the side walls, is significantly worked to reduce the hardness of the material. increases and ductility decreases. As a result, the side wall of the container may be overworked to the point of failure, one of which is cracking at the outer edge of the flange. More specifically, cracks in the radial direction occur in the flange portion where the inclusions hit, weaken, or move.

Containers have had low hardness (low temper) for many years
(T ₁ and T ₂ ) have been drawn and ironed from box annealed tinned steel sheets. This steel plate provides the necessary combination of strength, hardness and ductility, while making it easy to keep the number of cans with cracks on the flanges below a predetermined number per thousand. Ta. Recently it has been discovered that it is desirable to manufacture containers using harder (higher temper) metals. These hard metals can be made thinner and therefore more containers can be manufactured per 0.45 kg (1 lb) of steel sheet, and the performance of the thinner containers so manufactured is lower. and strength is equal to or even superior to that of containers made from thicker, lower hardness materials.

In experiments with thin-walled high-hardness materials, it has been found that the drawing and ironing process can be applied without great difficulty except in the cracking area of the flange. Techniques to overcome flange cracking include reannealing prior to flange formation, reducing flange length or angle, and others, but all of these methods have their own drawbacks. There is a limit.

In a method of flanging using a commercially available flanging head with cones supported for rotation about axes parallel to the axis of rotation of the entire head, this head is used for neck flanging. attached to the machine and inserted into the open end of the trimmed container. The cone undergoes a rolling movement against the upper inner wall of the container such that the flange flares outward into the arrangement required for an effective double seam. The use of a commercially available flanging head of this type produced approximately three times as many cracked flanges per 1,000 containers for hard materials as compared to lower hardness steel or softer aluminum. .

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that uses thinner high-hardness metal and minimizes the rate at which cracks occur in the flange.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a flanging head capable of forming a flange at the open end of a hard, thin-walled container using high-speed production equipment.

Another object of the present invention is to improve the parameters of a new rotary flanging head to minimize the number of cracked cans per thousand rotary flanged cans.

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art in accordance with the objectives of the present invention, a new handling method for a commercially available flanging head for containers is presented and its operation is described. "Touring and Production"
(Tooling and Production) magazine in 1978.
In the October issue, two researchers from US Steel Corporation present an experimental rotary flanging head.

The experimental device had six rollers, each rotatably mounted, arranged perpendicular to and radially around the axis of rotation of the flanging head.

However, when this draw flanging device is used with a commercially available neck flanging machine, the edges of the container are wrinkled and a wavy or grooved flange is formed, which is difficult to double seam with the lid. completely unsuitable for

The present invention overcomes the drawbacks of this device. More specifically, it involves installing and operating this device on a commercially available machine. That is, the improvements described below are necessary to make the experimental device suitable for high speed commercial production in the manufacturing industry on commercially available neck flanging machines.

After extensive research, it has been determined that three specific improvements are necessary to produce acceptable flanges and to minimize the number of cracked flanges per 1,000 cans. One of them is to attach a rotatable guide device to the front end of the rotating shaft of this experimental rotary flanging head. This guide device guides the container as it approaches each of these six rollers, and without it, the axial orientation of the container in a commercial neck flanging machine would be difficult to maintain. is not fixed and therefore the container may not be caught between the rollers and the body of the flanged head;
A guide device is effective in preventing this. Additionally, this guiding device helps to form a more uniform flange. This is because this guide device serves to hold the container in a central position relative to the flanging rollers.

Furthermore, when the container is centered (aligned in axial direction) by the guide device just before the open end of the container comes into contact with a plurality of forming rolls that rotate at high speed around the rotation axis of the support device, the upper inner wall surface of the container is guided. Even if it comes into contact with the outer edge of the device, since the guide device is rotatable, the container is captured without being shaken, and the open end of the container is stably guided to the multiple forming rolls to ensure uniform contact. be.

On the other hand, the roller disclosed in connection with the experimental US Steel Corporation head consists of a small diameter central hub and a large diameter rim. The rim part spreads out at an angle of 110° from the hub, and the surface of the rim part intersects the axis of the bubble at an angle of about 70°, and is made of high hardness metal material.
When machining flanges at high speeds, cracks often occur in the flanges, which is still unsatisfactory.

It is understood that this is because the roller collides with the neck of the container and the container is suddenly flanged.
Therefore, as a second improvement, it has been found necessary to increase the angle of inclination between the hub and the rim to 110° to 150°, more preferably 120°. And the radius between the hub and rim is about 1.78 to 2.29mm (about 0.070 to
0.090 inch).

It has also been found that a third improvement is required in order for the experimental rotary flanging head to be adapted for use in commercially available neck flanging machines. That is, commercially available neck flanging machines have a cam device that moves the flanging head or container axially into contact with the flanging roller; The flanging roller contacts the container at a constant speed, and then moves to the rotating flanging operation, where the flanging is performed at arbitrary acceleration until the final position of the operation, resulting in wrinkled and wavy flanges. This is because the surface may become grooved or grooved.

The rotary flanging head of the present invention provides a gentler, smoother and more consistent flanging operation with the above three improvements and minimizes residual stress in the flange. As a result, thin-walled, high-hardness metal materials can be used to produce cans by flanging drawn and ironed containers.

As background for a thorough understanding of the invention, a brief description of the machine to which the invention is applied will be provided. The applicant of the present invention manufactures and sells the Model 201-862 Net Flange Machine. This machine holds pre-trimmed two-piece DI cans,
The top of the container is necked inward and then flanged with the neck flared outward for double seaming. This necking is necessary for several reasons. One of them is to keep the outer diameter of the double-seamed can constant so that the container can easily advance through the device. By netting the container, the overall diameter of the double-seamed can lid is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the can body. In some cases, it may even be advantageous to double-neck the open end of the container to create a smaller diameter can lid. This helps lower costs by reducing the amount of material required for the can lid. Another effect of vessel necking, which is related to some extent to flange cracking, is its ability to limit the radial expanse of the distal portion of the flange, thereby reducing circumferential stresses in the metal at the flange periphery. is kept to a minimum. This machine for threading and flanging moves a series of turret containers mounted on a horizontal axis. Each turret has a container,
A relative axial movement is possible between the tool and the container and the container is brought to a position where necking or flanging (necking and flanging in the case of aluminum cans) is to be performed. In the case of hard metal containers, the first turret is used for pre-necking, the second turret is used for necking, and finally the last turret is used for flanging.

As is clear from the foregoing, the harder the metal, the more likely the container flange will crack.
In a preferred embodiment, a material such as T-4 temper continuously annealed tin-plated steel is used. This material is much harder and stronger than previously used materials. As an example, T-1
The temper container was made from 103# steel plate.
This terminology is commonly used in the can industry and refers to the amount of steel per base box of tin plate. Base box is 35.6cm x
50.8cm or 78.7cm (14 inches x 20 inches or
It is a package of 112 steel plates with an area of 2322.6 cm (360 square inches) on one side. Steel is 0.45
Sold per kg (1 pound), the base box arrangement is a simple means of indicating the weight of the material used. For high hardness T-4 tempered material, 95# tin plate per base box weight can be used to create a container of equal or greater strength than a container made from T-1 tempered 103# steel plate. can. Moreover, the effect of this reduction in plate thickness for the same size blank is that of T-4 tempered 95# tinned steel plate.
It is best understood by knowing that an extra number of cans can be made per 0.45 Kg (1 pound) or approximately 95 cans per base box. This assumes, of course, that the increase in hardness and decrease in ductility does not increase the number of cracked flanges that must be scrapped.

The improved flanging head of the present invention is compatible with standard T-
It has been found that it is possible to produce cans made of thin-walled, high-hardness material with a rate of defective products comparable to the standard number of cracked flanges per 1,000 pieces obtained from 1-temper 103# steel plate.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional flanging head 10, which is mounted by a support device 11 to neck flanging equipment (not shown). The support device 11 rotates and is axially moved in and out by means of cams (not shown).

A cam diagram is shown in FIG. 3, which will be described in detail later. The support device 11 supports a plate-shaped or conical support 12 . The cone support 12 is adapted to support a plurality of ball bearings 13 such that each cone 14 can rotate on the ball bearing 13 about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the support device 11. I'm starting to be able to do it. Each cone 14 has a chamfered guide area 14a and a constricted area of the support shoulder 14b, which allow the cone 14 to control the axial movement of the flanging head 10 and the cone support 12. The container A is flanged when the rotational movement and the rotational movement of the individual cones 14 contact the necked portion of the container A.
4 or 5 cones 14 depending on the inner diameter of the container
are used (only three are shown in Figure 1),
The open end of the container A is arranged to be flanged during the operation of moving the draw flanging head 10 axially into the open end of the necked container A. The parallel relationship between the axis of rotation of the cone 14 and the axis of rotation of the support device 11 is clear from the foregoing description and from FIG.

Figure 2 shows the rotary flange machining head 20 of the present invention.
shows. The head 20 has a support device 21 with a holder 21a, the holder 21a having a bolt 23
The bolt 23 is designed to mount the yoke 22 by a thin part 22a of the yoke 22.
It extends through the holder 21a and into the holder 21a, and is removably attached to the holder 21a. Yoke 22 has a pair of inner and outer legs 24a and 24b, respectively, which are spaced apart and support studs 25. The stud 25 is arranged in a radial direction with respect to the holder 21a;
Preferably, the support device 21 is mounted radially at an angle of 90° to the rotational axis of the support device 21. The stud 25 includes a pair of roller bearings 26 spaced apart in the axial direction of the stud 25, the bearings 26 forming a forming roller 27.
is supported between legs 24a and 24b of yoke 22 so that it can freely rotate relative to stud 25 (see FIG. 4). Multiple forming rollers 27
are arranged radially around the holder 21a, and these forming rollers are connected to the support device 21.
is adapted to be moved in the direction of the axis of rotation of the container to engage the container. The six forming rollers 27 in this preferred embodiment each have a conical rim 28 and a conical hub 29 connected by a connecting portion having an arcuate axial cross section, and have a substantially truncated conical shape. There is. The angle B between the surface of the rim 28 and the surface of the hub 29 has an important relationship to the performance of the roller 27;
The angle should be greater than 110[deg.] and less than 150[deg.], preferably about 120[deg.], due to the stresses occurring circumferentially within the metal. And the radius between the intersection line of both sides of hub 29 and rim 28 is 1.78mm and 2.29mm
(0.070 inch and 0.090 inch).

In the center of the holder 21a there is a recess 21b which receives an axially arranged guide device 30 which is adapted to rotate freely relative to the rotary flanging head 20. The guide device 30 is a mounting bolt 31 with a shoulder.
is fixed in the rotational axis direction of the support device 21 by
The bolt 31 supports a pair of spaced apart ball bearings 32, and the bearings 3
2 supports a flanged guide part 33.

The guide portion 33 has a mounting portion 34 in the center,
This attachment part 34 is adapted to cooperate with the bearing 32 and is fitted inside the recess 21b. The mounting portion 34 is therefore free to rotate about the same axis around which the rotary flanging head 20 rotates. The guide portion 33 has a peripheral flange portion 33 on the outside.
a, and its peripheral flange portion 33a leaves a gap of 0.25 mm (0.010 inch) on each side so that the container A can be evenly guided and supported by the plurality of forming rolls during the flanging operation. It is adapted to receive the inner diameter of the neck portion of container A.

FIG. 3 is a cam diagram of a cam used to move the rotary flanging head of FIG. 2 into container A, and shows the rotation of the cam and the accompanying cam follower C.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the rotation angle and the motion (the horizontal axis shows the rotation angle of the cam, and the vertical axis shows the displacement of the cam follower C). At both ends of this schematic diagram, a cam follower C is schematically shown in its retracted position. This cam has a cam groove cut into the end face of a disk (not shown), and the cam groove can take various axial positions, so that the cam follower C can be moved to the position shown in FIG. The rotary flanging head 20 can be moved into and out of the container A. As the rotation angle of the cam in FIG. 3 progresses from right to left, the cam follower C moves according to the cam diagram shown while the disc cam rotates 360 degrees. More specifically, the movement of the forming roller 27 into and out of the container A is indicated by the vertical movement of the follower vehicle C schematically shown, and the rotation of the cam is shown from the right of the cam diagram in Figure 3. Shown as a straight line motion to the left.
At the top of this cam diagram, the individual parts of the cam movement are shown at an angle to each part. The entire rotation angle from 0 to 360° is shown at the bottom. The 0 to 45 degree rotation starting from the right and proceeding to the left is a rest period in which the rotating flanging head 20 is retracted and held away from the container A.
From 45° to 85°, it moves up in a sinusoidal motion on the cam so that the draw flanging head 20 is quickly moved into contact with container A. From 85° to 95°, deformed cycloidal motion occurs;
During this movement, the speed is varied substantially constant and the head 20 or forming roller 2
7 is brought into contact or engagement with the container A on the surface of the rim 28 so that the flanging operation can begin. Subsequently, from 100° onward, the speed of movement increases continuously at a constant rate, so that the forming roller 27 moves approximately 0.198 mm per 1° of cam rotation during a total rotation of 110° (from 85° to 195°). (approximately 0.0078 inch) toward container A. The last 10°, from 185° to 195°, is naturally a deformed cycloidal motion. In the next 20 degrees, that is, from 195 degrees to 215 degrees, the raised position of the follower vehicle C is in a stationary state, and the forming roller 27
is stably held against the flange of container A, which has already been shaped to expand outward. This 20° resting is necessary to settle the flange and suppress its tendency to spring back. The cam follower C is then rotated 50 degrees, i.e. from 215 degrees to 265 degrees, causing the head 20 to be retracted, i.e. to move the head 20 into the container A.
Remove from. This motion should be a sinusoidal motion for rapid retraction. The remaining cam rotation i.e.
95° is for resting and leads to the first 45° resting.

A preferred embodiment has been described for a particular high hardness material at one plate weight, and the application of the rotary flanging head 20 to a particular American Can Company neck flanging machine has been described. In its broadest sense, the present invention relates to improvements made to a rotary flanging head having a plurality of rollers arranged radially around the head and mounted for rotation about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the head. Any modification of such a head, including the new and unique improvements disclosed herein, or its use in a processing machine generally described above, is within the scope of the present invention.

When the rotary flanging head of the present invention is mounted on commercially available equipment capable of moving the rotary flanging head at a substantially constant speed during the flanging operation, it is possible to draw and iron thin-walled, yet high-hardness metals. Even when the upper end of the side wall of a processed metal container is flanged, the crack occurrence rate can be kept as low as that of containers manufactured from steel sheets, which are generally referred to as low-grade metal materials. The number of cans produced per weight of steel plate used can be increased, and therefore it is very advantageous in terms of cost in high-speed commercial production.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of a conventional commercially available rotary flanging head, Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the rotary flanging head of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a side sectional view of the rotary flanging head of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of the roller shown in FIG. 2. In the figure, 20...Rotary flange processing head, 21
...Support device, 21a...Holder, 21b...
Dent, 22... Yoke, 23... Bolt, 24
a, 24b...leg, 25...stud, 26...
... Roller bearing, 27 ... Forming roller, 28
... Rim, 29 ... Hub, 30 ... Guide device, 3
1... Mounting bolt with shoulder, 32... Ball bearing, 33... Guide part with flange, 34...
...the attachment part of 33, 33a...the peripheral edge of the flange of 33, B...the intersection angle between 28 and 29.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A rotary flange processing head for forming a flange by expanding the upper end of the side wall of a drawn and ironed metal container outward, which (a) is rotatable around an axis; , an axially movable support device 21 around an axis 25 extending radially orthogonally to the axis of rotation of the support device 21;
a plurality of rotatably supported forming rollers 27;
and a rotatable guide device 30 mounted coaxially with the rotating shaft at the front end of the support device 21; rims 28 connected by a connection having a radius of curvature of approximately 0.07 to 0.09 inches);
and a bub 29, the angle between the rim and the surface of the bub is 110 to 150°, the diameter cross section of the hub 29 is smaller than the diameter cross section of the rim 28, and the diameter of the hub 29 gradually increases radially outward. (c) the guide device 30 includes a flanged guide portion 33 having an outermost periphery 33a having a cylindrical shape on the outside;
The outermost peripheral edge 33a is provided in a position close to the forming roller 27 and in contact with the upper inner wall of the container earlier than the forming roller 27, and the guide line by the outermost peripheral edge They intersect on the tapered surface of the rim proximate to the arcuate joint of the forming roller. A rotary flange processing head characterized by: