JPS6131795B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a method for dehumidifying and drying grains stored in a dry storage chamber formed in a sealed box, or for effectively storing grains at low temperatures while preventing the progress of drying. The present invention relates to a dehumidifying dry storage device.

First, the applicant stored grain in a dry storage room in a static state, and dried it by circulating forced air heated and dehumidified using a heat pump method from one side of the top to the other. After drying, we have developed a dehumidifying dry storage device for grains that uses similarly cooled forced air to prevent drying while storing them at low temperatures.By implementing this system, grains can be dried and stored at low temperatures without deteriorating quality and while saving energy. It has a considerable effect, such as being able to store it.

By the way, the initial moisture content of grains dried in the above equipment is usually not uniform and varies depending on the time of harvest, the harvest period, the field conditions in which they were grown, etc. even if they are of the same variety. Moreover, even when drying is performed by storing the product in a drying storage chamber in a stationary state, the drying progresses slowly depending on the layer, and there is a considerable difference in moisture content particularly between the upper and lower layers. Therefore, in order to uniformly dry the entire grain layer, it is sufficient to ventilate it for a long time until the entire moisture content reaches an equilibrium state.
In this case, the desired energy saving cannot be achieved sufficiently due to the low working efficiency, so improvement is required.

In view of the above, the present invention provides grain moisture detectors at at least upper and lower positions in the drying storage chamber, detects the difference in moisture values detected by the plurality of moisture detectors, and detects the difference in the moisture value detected by the plurality of moisture detectors, and By installing an operation control mechanism that automatically reverses the grain from the high-moisture side to the low-moisture side, the grain layer stored stationary in the dry storage room is constantly ventilated from the high-moisture side to the low-moisture side. As a result, the time required for the moisture content of the entire grain layer to reach an equilibrium state can be significantly shortened, thereby improving work efficiency and achieving sufficient energy savings. Similarly, the present invention is intended to provide a dehumidifying and drying storage device for grain that maintains an equilibrium state of moisture content in the entire grain layer and does not cause quality deterioration over a long period of time. A preferred embodiment of the configuration shown in the accompanying drawings will be described.

In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes an airtight box whose periphery is covered with a heat insulating wall to form a hermetic shape, and inside the airtight box 1 there is formed a dry storage chamber 2 with an open upper surface and a slatted board 3 laid on the lower surface. An upper air passage 4 above the drying storage chamber 2 and a lower air passage 5 below the slat board 3 are connected to a ventilation passage 6 formed in the closed box 1 on one side thereof. Above ventilation passage 6
A blower 7 that generates forced circulation air is provided inside the air blower 7, and the blowing direction of the blower 7 can be reversed by a forward/reverse motor 8. Reference numeral 9 denotes a unit for heating, dehumidifying or cooling the heat pump, and this unit 9 is installed within the ventilation path 6. This unit 9 is equipped with an internal condenser, an evaporator, and the like. Also,
In the dry storage chamber 2, grain moisture detectors S _H , S _L , and S _M are installed at the upper, lower, and middle portions, respectively.
is provided. 10 is an operation control mechanism, M ₁ and M ₂ are moisture voltage converters constituting it;
C ₁ and C ₂ are voltage comparators, R ₁ and R ₂ are relays, and r ₁ and r ₂ are their switching contacts. and a moisture detector S _H ,
S _M is a moisture voltage converter via changeover switch SW
At _M1 , the moisture detector S _L is connected to a moisture voltage converter _M2 , and these moisture voltage converters _M1 and _M2 are connected to voltage comparators _C1 and _C2 as required, respectively. On the output side of the voltage comparators C ₁ and C ₂ are relays R ₁ and
R ₂ is connected. Further, the switching contacts r ₁ and r ₂ of the relays R ₁ and R ₂ constitute a forward/reverse switching circuit 11 for the forward/reverse motor 8 in the blower 7 .

Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained.

Now, when drying the grains, the grains to be dried are placed in the drying storage chamber 2, and the air blower 7 is used to dry the grains.
Then, the heat pump is operated, and the heating, dehumidifying or cooling unit 9 of the heat pump is brought into a heating and dehumidifying state. The moisture content of the upper part of the grain layer stored in the drying storage room 2 in a stationary state is determined by the moisture detector S _H (if the height of the stored grain does not reach the position of the moisture detector _S
By switching the SW to the moisture detector S _M side),
In addition, the moisture content in the lower part is constantly detected by a moisture detector _SL , and voltage signals based on this are sent from moisture voltage converters M ₁ and M ₂ to voltage comparators C ₁ and C ₂ for comparison. , output occurs on their high moisture side. For example, if the upper part of the grain layer has higher moisture content than the lower part, voltage comparator C ₁ sends a signal to relay R ₁ energizing it, and its switching contact _{r 1}
is switched, the forward/reverse rotation motor 8 is reversed, and the blower 7 blows forced air from above to below the drying storage chamber 2. Also, when the moisture content in the upper part of the grain layer becomes lower than that in the lower part during drying, a signal is sent from the voltage comparator C ₂ to the relay R ₂ to energize it, contrary to the above, and the switching contact r ₂ is switched, the forward/reverse rotation motor 8 becomes in the normal rotation state, and the blowing direction of the blower 7 is automatically reversed so that the forced air flows from the bottom to the top of the drying storage chamber 2. In this way, during drying, ventilation is always carried out from the high-moisture side of the grain layer to the low-moisture side, so even if the moisture content of the grains at the start of drying is different,
It acts to balance the moisture content throughout the grain layer and significantly reduces its overall drying time. The circulating forced air is heated and dehumidified in the heat pump unit 9, so that the temperature and humidity are always maintained at a temperature and humidity suitable for drying.

On the other hand, in order to store dried grains at a low temperature, the unit 9 is set to a cooling state and the blower 7 and heat pump are operated. Cold air is circulated through the grain layer in the drying storage room 2, which reduces the quality of grains. It can be stored for a long time without causing any damage. In addition, in this case as well,
As in the case of drying, cold air is distributed from the high-moisture side of the grain layer to the low-moisture side, so the moisture content of the entire grain is well balanced and the grain can be stored in a high-quality state for a long period of time. be able to.

In short, the present invention forms a dry storage chamber 2 and a ventilation path 6 vertically connected to the dry storage chamber 2 in a sealed box 1, and in the ventilation path 6 is provided with a blower that generates forced circulation air. 7 and a heating, dehumidifying or cooling unit 9 of a heat pump, grain moisture detectors S _H , at least at the upper and lower positions in the drying storage chamber 2, respectively.
S _L and these multiple moisture detectors S
Since an operation control mechanism 10 is provided which detects the difference in moisture values detected by _H and S _L and automatically reverses the blowing direction of the blower 7 from the high moisture side of the grain to the low moisture side, the inside of the drying storage room 2 is By constantly ventilation from the high-moisture side to the low-moisture side of the grain layer stored in a static state, the time required for the moisture content of the entire grain layer to reach an equilibrium state can be greatly shortened, improving work efficiency. In addition to being able to achieve improvement and sufficient energy savings, it also has the effect of maintaining an equilibrium state of moisture content in the entire grain layer even during low-temperature storage, and preventing quality deterioration over a long period of time. play.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention and a circuit diagram of its operation control mechanism. 1... sealed box, 2... dry storage room, 6... ventilation path, 7... blower, 9... heat pump heating,
Unit for dehumidification or cooling, 10...operation control mechanism, S _H , _SL ...moisture detector.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A dry storage room and a ventilation path vertically connected to the dry storage room are formed in the airtight box, and within the ventilation path are a blower that generates forced circulation air and a heat pump for heating and dehumidification. Alternatively, in the case where a cooling unit is provided, grain moisture detectors are provided at least at the upper and lower positions in the dry storage chamber, and the difference in moisture values detected by the plurality of moisture detectors is detected, A dehumidifying, drying storage device for grains, further comprising an operation control mechanism for automatically reversing the direction of air blowing from the air blower from a high-moisture side to a low-moisture side of the grains.