JPS6130249B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6130249B2 JPS6130249B2 JP17111780A JP17111780A JPS6130249B2 JP S6130249 B2 JPS6130249 B2 JP S6130249B2 JP 17111780 A JP17111780 A JP 17111780A JP 17111780 A JP17111780 A JP 17111780A JP S6130249 B2 JPS6130249 B2 JP S6130249B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- alignment film
- film
- alignment
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 but recently Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Aminophenyl ether Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine Chemical group C1=C(N)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N)=CC=2)=C1 NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYYKXFEKMGYLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(1,3-dioxo-2-benzofuran-5-yl)-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C=1C=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC=1C1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O FYYYKXFEKMGYLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、耐環境性に優れた信頼性の高い液晶
表示素子に関する。
液晶の光学的異方性を利用して表示装置に応用
することはよく知られている。第１図と第２図は
このような液晶表示素子の一例の基本構成を示
す。同図において、１，１′は基板であり、通常
透明ガラス、透明プラスチツクが利用されてい
る。この基板の片面には表示しようとするパター
ン状に透明電極２，２′が設けられている。この
電極は一方が透明であればよいのであるが、通常
は両方共透明電極で作られている場合が多い。透
明電極は、酸化スズ又は、酸化インジウムに少量
の酸化スズが加えられたものが主である。透明電
極のある基板上には、配向膜３，３′が設けられ
ている。この配向膜は、液晶配向の均一性、安定
性を得るための手段として設けられ、酸化ケイ素
膜や有機高分子膜などの絶縁膜で、膜面は一定方
向に布などでこする処理（ラビング処理）が施さ
れている。この透明電極と配向膜のある面を内側
にして２枚の基板をほぼ平行に配設し、電極２，
２′間に導電接続部４が設けられ、液晶物質６の
流出を防ぎ、液晶層の厚みを一定に保つためのス
ペーサを含むシール材５が設けられている。導電
接続部４は、銀ペーストやカーボンペースト或は
半田などが利用される。シール材５は、ガラス或
は樹脂が利用されるが、最近は特にエポキシ樹脂
を利用したものが多い。液晶物質６は、数種の構
造のものが混合して利用され、その多くはネマテ
イツク液晶化合物である。場合によつては、コレ
ステリツク液晶の単独又はネマテイツク液晶との
混合で利用される。スメクテイツク液晶も同様に
利用される。なお、７は表示駆動回路との接続部
である。
液晶表示法として主に使用されているものは、
正の誘電異方性を有するネマテイツク液晶化合物
を配向させることによつて旋光性を付与し、これ
を適当な電場の作用により旋光性を変化させて表
示に利用したTNFE型が使用されている。TNFE
型表示素子では動作原理が電場により液晶の配向
を制御させ、その際の光学的性質を利用すること
にあるため液晶配向の均一性、安定性が特に重要
である。液晶配向を目的として絶縁性配向膜を設
けるものであるが、配向膜は配向性だけでなく、
液晶に対する安定性、耐湿、耐水、耐熱性などの
耐環境性に優れているものでなければならない。
例えば液晶中に水分などの異種物質が含まれる
と、極端に表示品位が損なわれる。
配向膜としては従来、蒸着によつて得た酸化ケ
イ素膜をチツ化ボロン粉のついた研摩布でこすつ
たもの、斜方蒸着法で得た酸化ケイ素膜、或は有
機高分子材料、特に
但し、Ｒはジアミン化合物残基、ｎは１以上の
整数、或は、
但し、R1はベンゼン環もしくはジフエニール
エーテル環
R2はベンゾフエノン環
ｎは１以上の整数
で示されるようなポリイミド系膜を設けた後、研
摩布でこすつたものが利用されてきた。しかし、
前者の蒸着法は生産性が問題であり、後者のポリ
イミド系膜は、耐湿性を中心とした耐環境性が十
分でなく、高湿や高温、高圧下などでの厳しい環
境下では、長期の信頼性に不安があつたり、高価
であるなどの欠点がある。
本発明は、表示の均一性、安定性に重要な役目
をする配向膜に新しい材料を見出したことによ
り、配向性、耐環境性、生産性に優れた液晶表示
素子を提供するものである。
本発明では配向膜として、２・３・3′・4′−ビ
フエニールテトラカルボン酸二無水物と、芳香族
ジアミンとを有機極性溶媒中で縮重合して得られ
るポリアミツク酸溶液を塗布、硬化したポリイミ
ド膜を使用する。
なおここで芳香族ジアミンとは、４・4′−ジア
ミノジフエニールエーテル単独又は４・4′−ジア
ミノジフエニールエーテルと他の芳香族ジアミン
（例えばＰ−フエニレンジアミン、４・4′−ジア
ミノ−３・3′−ジメチルビフエニール、４・4′−
ジアミノジフエニールチオエーテル、４・4′−ジ
アミノジフエニールチオエーテル、４・4′−ジア
ミノジフエニールメタンなど）との混合物などが
よい。
有機極性溶媒としては、Ｎ−メチルピロリド
ン、Ｎ・Ｎ−ジメチルアセトアミド、Ｎ・Ｎ−ジ
メチルホルムアミド、フエノールなどの単独又は
混合物のポリアミツク酸を溶解する溶媒を使う。
塗布されたポリアミツク酸溶液は、加熱するこ
とによつて溶媒の蒸発と、縮合硬化して次の式の
ようにポリイミドとなる。
但し、Ｒは芳香族ジアミンのアミン基を除いた
残基、ｎは１以上の整数
このポリイミド膜面を一定方向に布などでこす
る処理を行なつたものが本発明の配向膜である。
本発明の配向膜は、第１図に示した構成のよう
に設けるものであるが、厚みは硬化後のポリイミ
ド膜として、3000Å以下であれば配向に関して有
効であるが、望ましくは、300〜1000Åがよい。
厚みが定められるのは、配向膜が余りにも薄い状
態（50Å以下）であると、膜を均一に設けにくい
ことや、環境テストで比較的早い時期に表示に糸
くず状や、にじみの欠陥が発生する。又、余りに
も厚い状態（3000Å以上）になると、表示のため
の印加電圧を高めなければならなく、又表示する
基板の可視光透過率が低下するなどの欠点が発生
するからである。なお、配向膜を塗布する場合に
は、ガラス或は電極との接着性を高めるためにカ
ツプリング剤等を塗布してもよい。
本発明の配向膜は、基板に電極が設けられてい
る面の全体に設けてもよいが、厚みが300Åを越
えると、ポリイミドが絶縁体であるため、上面と
下面の電極間の接続部や表示駆動回路接続部が電
気的に導通できなくなるため表示ができなくな
る。そのために導通接続部分の配向膜をなくすこ
とが必要である。或は液晶が接する部分だけに設
けてもよい。
導通接続部に配向膜材料を設けず、その部分に
直接電極が現われていて、その他の部分（液晶が
接する部分ほか）には本発明の配向膜を設けて作
つた液晶表示素子は、120℃、２気圧プレツシヤ
クツカーと、85℃、85％相対湿度中での環境テス
トで、前者の条件においては30時間以上、後者の
条件においては1000時間以上配向性を乱すことな
く良好な表示品位を示し、従来のものより信頼性
の優れたものが得られた。
又、本発明の配向膜に利用するポリアミツク酸
溶液は、スピンナー法やデイツプ法などの塗布法
或は、オフセツト法や凸版法などの印刷法で配向
膜をを設けることが可能なので、多量生産に適し
た材料である。
以上のように本発明の配向膜材料を使用するこ
とにより、信頼性の高い液晶表示素子が得られ
る。
次に本発明の実施例について説明する。
実施例
両面が研摩されたガラス板に、酸化ケイ素皮膜
を設けた後、片面に蒸着法によつて酸化インジウ
ムに数％の酸化スズを含んだ電気抵抗が500Ω/□
である透明導電膜を全面に設け、この透明導電膜
の上にパターン状にエツチングレジストを印刷
し、表示に必要な電極だけが残るようにエツチン
グする。次にレジストを除去し、パターン状に設
けた電極付きガラスを作成する。次に電極の付い
た面に、Ｎ−メチル２−ピロリドンとＮ・Ｎ−ジ
メチルアセトアミドの混合溶媒に２・３・3′・
4′−ジフエニールテトラカルボン酸二無水物と
４・4′−ジアミノジフエニールエーテルに少量の
ｐ−フエニレンジアミンを加えたジアミンとから
得られるポリアミツク酸が溶解してある溶液（宇
部興産株式会社製α−ポリアミツク酸溶液）を、
オフセツト法と凸版法の組合せによる印刷法によ
つて、電極の付いているガラスの素子となる２枚
のガラスの電極間の諏続部及び表示駆動回路接続
部となるところを残して印刷する。次に200℃で
20分間乾燥し、350℃で20分硬化させて配向膜を
得る。なお、この溶液の濃度を変化させて後述の
第１表の各上段に示した膜厚の配向膜を得た。
続いて、エポキシ樹脂と酸無水物硬化剤、フイ
ラーとしてタルク及び直径10μｍの酸化アルミニ
ウム球をスペーサ材として混合したエポキシ樹脂
組成物のシール用インキと、銀ペーストを使つて
セルを作り、液晶を注入、封口して第１図のよう
な液晶表示素子を作る。
試作した液晶表示素子を120℃、２気圧のプレ
ツシヤークツカー及び85℃、85％相対湿度中に放
置し、耐環境性をテストした結果を第１表の各下
段に示す。
【表】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a highly reliable liquid crystal display element with excellent environmental resistance. It is well known to utilize the optical anisotropy of liquid crystals and apply them to display devices. FIGS. 1 and 2 show the basic configuration of an example of such a liquid crystal display element. In the figure, 1 and 1' are substrates, which are usually made of transparent glass or transparent plastic. Transparent electrodes 2, 2' are provided on one side of this substrate in the form of a pattern to be displayed. It is sufficient if one of these electrodes is transparent, but usually both electrodes are often made of transparent electrodes. The transparent electrode is mainly made of tin oxide or indium oxide to which a small amount of tin oxide is added. Alignment films 3, 3' are provided on the substrate with the transparent electrodes. This alignment film is provided as a means to obtain uniformity and stability of liquid crystal alignment, and is an insulating film such as a silicon oxide film or an organic polymer film, and the film surface is rubbed with a cloth in a certain direction (rubbing). processing) has been applied. Two substrates are arranged almost parallel with the transparent electrode and the surface with the alignment film inside, and the electrode 2,
A conductive connection 4 is provided between 2', and a sealing material 5 including a spacer is provided to prevent the liquid crystal material 6 from flowing out and to keep the thickness of the liquid crystal layer constant. The conductive connection portion 4 is made of silver paste, carbon paste, solder, or the like. The sealing material 5 is made of glass or resin, but recently, epoxy resin is often used. The liquid crystal substance 6 is a mixture of several types of structures, most of which are nematic liquid crystal compounds. In some cases, cholesteric liquid crystals are used alone or in combination with nematic liquid crystals. Smectic liquid crystals are also used. Note that 7 is a connection portion with a display drive circuit. The mainly used liquid crystal display methods are:
The TNFE type is used in which optical rotation is imparted by orienting a nematic liquid crystal compound having positive dielectric anisotropy, and the optical rotation is changed by the action of an appropriate electric field and used for display. T.N.F.E.
In a type display element, the principle of operation is to control the alignment of liquid crystal by an electric field and utilize the optical properties at that time, so uniformity and stability of liquid crystal alignment are particularly important. An insulating alignment film is provided for the purpose of liquid crystal alignment, but the alignment film has not only alignment properties but also
It must have excellent environmental resistance such as stability against liquid crystals, moisture resistance, water resistance, and heat resistance.
For example, if a foreign substance such as moisture is contained in the liquid crystal, the display quality will be extremely degraded. Conventionally, the alignment film has been made by rubbing a silicon oxide film obtained by vapor deposition with an abrasive cloth coated with boron titanide powder, a silicon oxide film obtained by oblique vapor deposition, or an organic polymer material, especially However, R is a diamine compound residue, n is an integer of 1 or more, or However, R 1 is a benzene ring or diphenyl ether ring, R 2 is a benzophenone ring, and n is an integer of 1 or more. After providing a polyimide film, it has been rubbed with an abrasive cloth. but,
The former evaporation method has productivity problems, and the latter polyimide film does not have sufficient environmental resistance, especially moisture resistance, and cannot be used for long periods in harsh environments such as high humidity, high temperature, and high pressure. It has drawbacks such as reliability concerns and high price. The present invention provides a liquid crystal display element with excellent alignment properties, environmental resistance, and productivity by discovering a new material for an alignment film that plays an important role in display uniformity and stability. In the present invention, as an alignment film, a polyamic acid solution obtained by condensation polymerization of 2,3,3',4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and aromatic diamine in an organic polar solvent is applied. Use a hardened polyimide membrane. Note that the aromatic diamine herein refers to 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether alone or 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether and other aromatic diamines (e.g., P-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-diamino- 3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl, 4,4'-
diaminodiphenyl thioether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl thioether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane, etc.). As the organic polar solvent, a solvent capable of dissolving polyamic acid, such as N-methylpyrrolidone, N.N-dimethylacetamide, N.N-dimethylformamide, and phenol, may be used alone or in a mixture. The applied polyamic acid solution is heated to evaporate the solvent and harden through condensation to form polyimide as shown in the following formula. However, R is the residue of aromatic diamine excluding the amine group, and n is an integer of 1 or more.The alignment film of the present invention is obtained by rubbing the polyimide film surface in a certain direction with a cloth or the like. The alignment film of the present invention is provided as shown in FIG. 1, and the thickness of the polyimide film after curing is effective for alignment if it is 3000 Å or less, but preferably 300 to 1000 Å. Good.
The thickness is determined because if the alignment film is too thin (less than 50 Å), it will be difficult to apply it uniformly, and environmental tests will show that defects such as lint and bleeding appear on the display relatively early. Occur. Furthermore, if the thickness is too thick (more than 3000 Å), the voltage applied for display must be increased, and the visible light transmittance of the substrate for displaying may be reduced. In addition, when applying an alignment film, a coupling agent or the like may be applied in order to improve adhesion to glass or electrodes. The alignment film of the present invention may be provided on the entire surface of the substrate where electrodes are provided, but if the thickness exceeds 300 Å, polyimide is an insulator, so Display cannot be performed because the display drive circuit connection section is no longer electrically conductive. For this purpose, it is necessary to eliminate the alignment film at the conductive connection portion. Alternatively, it may be provided only in the portion that comes into contact with the liquid crystal. A liquid crystal display element manufactured by not providing an alignment film material in the conductive connection part, with electrodes directly appearing in that part, and with the alignment film of the present invention provided in other parts (including the part in contact with the liquid crystal) can be heated at 120°C. In an environmental test at 85℃ and 85% relative humidity using a 2-atm pressure pressurizer, good display quality was maintained without disturbing the orientation for over 30 hours under the former conditions and over 1000 hours under the latter conditions. , and the reliability was better than that of the conventional one. In addition, the polyamic acid solution used for the alignment film of the present invention can be applied to a coating method such as a spinner method or a dip method, or a printing method such as an offset method or a letterpress method, so that it is suitable for mass production. It is a suitable material. As described above, by using the alignment film material of the present invention, a highly reliable liquid crystal display element can be obtained. Next, examples of the present invention will be described. Example After providing a silicon oxide film on a glass plate polished on both sides, one side was coated with an electrical resistance of 500Ω/□ using indium oxide containing a few percent of tin oxide.
A transparent conductive film is provided over the entire surface, and an etching resist is printed in a pattern on the transparent conductive film, and etched so that only the electrodes necessary for display remain. Next, the resist is removed and a glass with electrodes provided in a pattern is created. Next, add 2,3,3',
A solution in which polyamic acid obtained from 4'-diphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and a diamine prepared by adding a small amount of p-phenylenediamine to 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether is dissolved (Ube Industries, Ltd.) company-made α-polyamic acid solution),
By a printing method using a combination of an offset method and a letterpress method, printing is performed by leaving out the connecting portion between the electrodes of two pieces of glass, which will become the glass element with electrodes, and the connecting portion of the display drive circuit. Then at 200℃
Dry for 20 minutes and cure at 350°C for 20 minutes to obtain an alignment film. By changing the concentration of this solution, alignment films having the thicknesses shown in the upper rows of Table 1, which will be described later, were obtained. Next, a cell is made using a sealing ink made of an epoxy resin composition, which is a mixture of epoxy resin, an acid anhydride curing agent, talc as a filler, and aluminum oxide spheres with a diameter of 10 μm as a spacer material, and silver paste, and the liquid crystal is injected. , and sealing to produce a liquid crystal display device as shown in FIG. The prototype liquid crystal display elements were left in a pressure chamber at 120°C and 2 atm pressure and in 85°C and 85% relative humidity to test their environmental resistance.The results are shown in the lower rows of Table 1. 【table】
第１図は本発明の液晶表示素子の一例を示す平
面図、第２図はその断面図である。
１，１′……基板、２，２′……透明電極、３，
３′……配向膜、４……導電接続部、５……シー
ル材、６……液晶。
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof. 1, 1'...Substrate, 2, 2'...Transparent electrode, 3,
3'... Alignment film, 4... Conductive connection portion, 5... Sealing material, 6... Liquid crystal.
Claims (1)
極付き基板と、前記基板の電極のある面上の一部
又は全面に設けられた配向膜と、前記配向膜を内
側にして前記２枚の基板を間隙をおいて配設し、
その周縁部をシールするシール材と、前記間隙に
充填された液晶物質とより成り、前記配向膜が次
式で示されるポリアミツク酸の溶液を塗布・硬化
した被膜であることを特徴とする液晶表示素子。 但し、Ｒは芳香族ジアミンのアミン基を除いた
残基、ｎは１以上の整数。[Scope of Claims] 1. Two substrates with electrodes each having a transparent electrode on at least one of them, an alignment film provided on a part or the entire surface of the surface of the substrate where the electrode is provided, and the alignment film being placed on the inside. arranging the two substrates with a gap between them,
A liquid crystal display comprising a sealing material for sealing the peripheral edge thereof and a liquid crystal substance filled in the gap, and wherein the alignment film is a film coated and cured with a solution of polyamic acid represented by the following formula. element. However, R is the residue of aromatic diamine excluding the amine group, and n is an integer of 1 or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17111780A JPS5794720A (en) | 1980-12-04 | 1980-12-04 | Liquid crystal display element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17111780A JPS5794720A (en) | 1980-12-04 | 1980-12-04 | Liquid crystal display element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5794720A JPS5794720A (en) | 1982-06-12 |
| JPS6130249B2 true JPS6130249B2 (en) | 1986-07-12 |
Family
ID=15917284
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17111780A Granted JPS5794720A (en) | 1980-12-04 | 1980-12-04 | Liquid crystal display element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5794720A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59121023A (en) * | 1982-12-28 | 1984-07-12 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Formation of liquid crystal orienting film |
-
1980
- 1980-12-04 JP JP17111780A patent/JPS5794720A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5794720A (en) | 1982-06-12 |
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