JPS6129823B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to tubes, and more particularly to methods and apparatus for forming tube ends necessary to facilitate joining the tube ends to other body surfaces. Furthermore, the present invention was developed in particular to facilitate the formation of tube ends in order to join them to other bodies by welding, and the tubes are mainly made of metal or synthetic resin. Regarding pipes.

It is convenient to think of a tube end as an uneven surface, which is a convex surface of another tube, but when welding it is conventional to contour the tube end into an arcuate or saddle-shaped shape, for example. This is the technology of By doing so, the ends are positioned proximate to or secured to the surface in a substantially complementary relationship. If the tube wall is of negligible thickness, then by appropriately contouring the end, it is believed that the end will be in surface contact with the curved surface of another tube. However, large tubes, such as those used in the construction of the framework or jacket of offshore subsea drilling machine assemblies, for example, may typically have a length of around 4 m, an external diameter of 180 cm and a thickness of 12 cm. , such that if the wall of the tube is sufficiently thick, the following condition is obtained at the contoured end of the tube, depending on the curved position of the tube end and/or the angular relationship between the two tubes: . That is, the condition is such that the edge of the contoured end surface of the tube on the inner surface of the tube contacts the curved surface at a first location, and at a second location (circumferentially distant from the first location); The edge of the contoured end surface on the outer surface of the tube is such that it contacts the curved surface. Due to this special configuration, an effective contact line between the contoured tube end face and the curved surface can be obtained. The contact line radially crosses the wall thickness of the end surface of the tube at least partially between the inner and outer surfaces of the tube. For thick-walled tubes such as those mentioned above, it has traditionally been possible to remove the angular portion between the outer circumference of the tube and the end surface, thereby reducing the thickness of the wall around the end of the tube. It has been considered to provide a chamfer or a continuous slope on the radially outermost periphery of the slightly contoured end face. By so chamfering or sloping the wall of the tube, an effective circumferential groove is formed which, when adapted to the curved surface to which the tube is to be welded, is formed. A weld filler is used to weld the bodies together. Preformation of such a shape of the tube end is suitable for cases where the tube surface is curved and e.g.
An angle greater than or equal to 55° may be considered acceptable under tangential conditions, but if said angle
If it is less than 55°, the length of the tube in the groove area and in the area adjacent to the narrowest point opposed by the acute angle will be very deep, so that the filler fills the groove and prevents effective welding. A significant amount of welding time is required to form the part. In an attempt to alleviate the difficulties of this ineffective use of welding materials, the formation of so-called bifurcated ramps has been proposed. In that case, a discontinuous portion along the circumference of the contoured end surface of the tube such that the inclined surface is primarily located at the location required to facilitate welding of the tube end to another body. Cut it manually. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for easily forming the shape and slope of the tube end as described above.

According to the invention, there is provided an apparatus for contouring the end of a tube having a central longitudinal axis, comprising means for mounting the end of the tube in close proximity to a cutting machine;
means for transmitting relative rotation between the cutter and the tube for cutting around the circumference of the tube wall; and means for transmitting relative rotation between the cutter and the tube for cutting around the circumference of the tube wall; imparting a predetermined relative axial movement between the tube and the cutting machine during the rotation, thereby positioning the cutting machine at an acute angle with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the tube. means for forming an inclined surface on the tube, the inclined surface extending between the end surface of the tube and the outer peripheral surface of the tube and forming a connecting line with the end surface of the tube; radially relative to the central axis, such that during the relative rotation and axial movement of the tube and cutting machine, the formed connection line extends all or part of the circumference of the end face. An object of the present invention is to provide a tube end face forming device comprising: a cutting machine control means for following a trajectory, and a trajectory around the end face is determined in advance by the cutting machine control means.

Further in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method of forming a tube to be welded to a curved surface of another body, the method comprising: Contouring the end of the tube to give a contoured end surface on which an imaginary line corresponding to the theoretical contact line between the curved surfaces is placed, and the contoured end surface of the tube and the outer peripheral surface of the tube. cutting the tube wall at its contoured end to provide an inclined surface between the tube wall and the imaginary line departing from the innermost and outermost edges of the contoured end surface in the initial formation; controlling said cutting so that an inclined surface formed extends inwardly into the wall thickness of the tube to form a bifurcation line with a contoured end surface that substantially follows the imaginary contact line of the tube.

Preferably, the cutting machine control means includes a movable mounting device holding the cutting machine. The mounting device is configured to be movable in a radial direction relative to the tube central axis according to a pattern traced by a tracing means that moves in a predetermined pattern.
The pattern is selected to determine the trajectory of the connecting line formed between the inclined surface and the end surface of the tube.

The tracing means is in the shape of a cam follower,
Further, it is preferable that the pattern is in the shape of a rotatable cam means having a cam surface that engages with a cam follower. predetermined radial movement of the mounting device;
The radial movement of the cutter is therefore a movement of the cam follower on the cam surface during rotation of the cam means.

The relative movement between the pattern and its tracing means is
synchronized with a drive means for transmitting a relative rotation between the cutter and the tube to transmit a radial movement to the mounting device at a predetermined period repeatable for every 360° of relative rotation between the cutter and the tube; It is desirable that you do so.

Although it is possible to rotate the cutter around the circumference of the tube end while the tube end is stationary, it is preferable to do so as follows. That is, the tube is arranged to rotate relative to the cutting machine about its central longitudinal axis so that it also rotates past the cutting machine.
In such a configuration, the cutter should be located substantially in a stationary plane parallel to and containing the longitudinal central axis of the tube. Given the desired synchronization of the rotation of the tube and the relative movement of the pattern and its tracing means as described above, the first drive means for rotating the tube is synchronized with the second drive means for rotation of said cam means. However, it is preferred that the cam means be rotated such that the angular velocity at which it is rotated is approximately equal to the angular velocity at which the tube is rotated.

Preferably, the cutting machine is mounted so that the angle it forms with the longitudinal center axis of the tube can be changed, adjusted, or tilted. Large pipes made of metal are usually cut using a flame of oxygen or other gas mixtures, while large pipes made of synthetic resin may be cut using a laser beam or plasma stream. For convenience, such flame or beam or stream cutting machines are also included within the term flame or cutting machine as discussed herein. In order to achieve effective tracing of the imaginary line of contact while cutting an inclined surface, the tiltable cutting machine should be placed in rotational movement within said stationary surface; It should be configured to rotate about a second central axis that is substantially perpendicular to the stationary plane and remote from the cutting machine. The cutting machine may be manually controlled as far as its rotary movement is concerned with changing the angle of the inclined surface. Alternatively, such rotational movement of the cutting machine may be automatically controlled by the use of a Morgan system such as that disclosed in Morgan British Patent Specification No. 1013738. According to the Morgan system, the cutting machine is connected through a connection to a pivot point whose position is fixed with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the tube. During axial movement between the cutting machine and the tube, the coupling automatically transmits rotation to the cutting machine. The range of rotation relates to axial movement from a predetermined position between the cutter and the tube. Therefore, the angle with respect to the central axis of the tube that faces the inclined surface, is parallel to the central axis of the tube, and is on a plane that includes both the central axis and the cutting machine is within a predetermined range by the connecting part. can be changed automatically.

Preferably, the cutting machine is arranged on a carriage intended to move along a trajectory parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the tube. The carriage is movable relative to the central axis of the tube by drive means responsive to the tracing means. The line tracing means automatically adjusts the position on the central axis of the carriage,
and has the function of controlling a drive means which automatically adjusts the cutter to conform to a predetermined contour at the end of the tube as a result of relative rotation between the tube and the cutter. Automatically adjust the position of the carriage and thereby the position of the cutter to follow the contoured end on the central axis or to cause the cutter to follow a predetermined trajectory relative to the circumference of the tube. Self-adjustment is well known in the cutting and welding arts. Therefore, such matters will not be discussed in detail herein. However, in practice the guide wire is designed to correspond to and contour the tube end on the tube to be tracked by the photodetector during relative rotation between the tube and the detector. They are considered to be located parallel to but apart from. Said detector emits a signal for adjusting the drive of the carriage, so that the carriage moves in the direction of the central axis, in other words along a trajectory of the cutting machine parallel to the guide line and following the contoured edge. move in a direction that ensures relative movement. This particular drive adjustment is most appropriate for the initial cutting of the tube to provide a contoured end. As an example of a suitable tracing method, the ``Falcon 23'' was developed by the British Oxygen Company.
There are products sold under the trademark .

In the present invention, the tube is rotated about a central longitudinal axis relative to the cutting machine. The axial movement of the cutter is then controlled to cut the tube and provide a contoured end surface.

Furthermore, the cutter may be moved radially with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the tube and the contoured end surface to cut the wall of the tube and form the beveled surface. or,
The radial movement of such a cutter is synchronized with the rotation of the tube so that the cutter approximately follows the imaginary line of contact to form the branch line. Often the contoured end surface passes through a first location on the outer circumference of the contoured end surface and a second location on the inner circumference of the contoured end surface that is circumferentially spaced from the first location.
is formed to correspond to an imaginary line of contact within the contoured end surface passing through the position of . In such a case, the inclined surface is radially inward with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the tube, in fact through the wall thickness of the tube in the direction of a first position on the outer circumferential surface of the tube wall, or at that position. cut to form a branch line extending from the tube wall to a second location on the inner circumferential surface of the tube wall or from the direction of that location. Preferably, the end of the tube is first cut as follows. That is, the contoured end surface on the tube end is effectively aligned with respect to the tube longitudinal axis throughout the circumferential extent of the tube end surface.
It is desirable that the cut be maintained at 90°. After initial formation of the contoured end surface as described above, when the contoured end of the tube is placed in close proximity to the curved surface to which the tube is to be welded, the first location of the tube wall The tube should be placed on the outer circumferential surface of the tube at a position such that the smallest acute or right angle is formed between the circumference and the curved surface, i.e. at a point tangent to the curved surface of the body to which the tube is welded. Said second of the wall
is formed by cutting the inclined surface such that the position corresponds to a position where the outer surface of the tube makes an obtuse angle with the curved surface, ie, a position where the tube is tangential to the body to be welded. The effect of this arrangement is to provide a groove between the contoured end and the curved surface around the entire or partial circumference of the tube that becomes progressively deeper and possibly wider as it reaches from said first position to said second position. It's about doing. Therefore, the effective use of welding material to fill the grooves is possible, while the peripheral part of the tube without such grooves is formed between the circumferential surface of the tube and the curved surface on the body to which the tube is fitted. welded within the specified angle.

More particularly, the invention provides a method for forming an end of a tube to be welded to a curved surface of another body such that the axis of the tube is at a predetermined angle with the curved surface of the other body. be.

The forming method comprises the steps of: a. contouring the end of the tube; b. cutting the contoured end of the tube wall; c. controlling the step b cutting of the inclined surface; a contoured end surface is provided, the end surface having a shape to position the tube adjacent the curved surface of the other body, the tube having a contoured end surface on the outer circumferential edge of the end surface; 1 and substantially in contact with the other body at a second location on the inner circumferential edge of the end surface and remote from the first location constituting the outer edge, so that an imaginary line includes the first and second positions and corresponds to a theoretical contact line for matching the end portion with the cutting surface in a substantially auxiliary relationship at a predetermined angular opening; b
c
A branch line is formed by the connection between the contoured end face and the inclined surface by the control in step , and the imaginary line is separated from the inner and outer peripheral edges of the initially formed contoured end face, and The branch line substantially follows an imaginary line to the extent that it extends inwardly from the outer edge to the inner edge of the contoured end face in the direction of the first position or from the position to the second position or in the direction of the position. an end of a tube, characterized in that the contoured end surface can be mounted adjacent to a curved surface in a predetermined angular relationship in substantially line contact with the curved surface along the imaginary line; This is the formation method.

This particular method is suitable for forming the ends of generally cylindrical tubes to be attached to cylindrical surfaces of other bodies. That is, it forms the end of a substantially cylindrical tube to be mounted on the cylindrical surface of the other body, so that the central axis of the tube is in a common plane with the central axis of the cylindrical surface of the other body, and a. contouring the end of the tube; b. cutting the contoured end of the tube wall; and c. controlling the cutting; in step a, a contoured end surface is provided, the end surface having a shape for mounting the tube adjacent to the cylindrical surface of the other body; a first location on the outer periphery of the contoured end surface where the cylindrical surface of the tube is at an acute angle in a common plane with the cylindrical surface of the other body;
the tube substantially contacts the other body at a second location on the inner periphery of the contoured end surface where the outer cylindrical surface of the tube is at an obtuse angle in a common plane with the cylindrical surface of the other body; The resulting imaginary line in the contoured end surface includes the first and second locations, and connects the contoured end surface and the curved surface with their respective central axes disposed at a predetermined acute angle and approximately The imaginary line of the tube to be matched in an auxiliary relationship corresponds to the theoretical contact surface, b
an inclined surface located between the end surface contoured by the cutting in step c and its external cylindrical surface, and a bifurcation formed between the end surface and the inclined surface by control in step c. The line extends inward and the first
The branch line approximately follows the imaginary line from the outer cylindrical surface of the tube to the inner cylindrical surface of the tube in the direction of or from that position to the second position, so that the contoured A method is provided, characterized in that the end surface can be mounted adjacent to the cylindrical surface of the body in substantially line contact along the imaginary line and the curved surface.

As mentioned above, the cutting of the inclined surface is controlled such that the angle of inclination of the inclined surface with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the tube varies with the circumferential extent of the inclined surface, and the change in the angle of inclination is is controlled by changing the angle of the cutter relative to the central axis of the tube.

Typically, during cutting of an inclined plane, the angle of the cutter can only be changed if a relative axial movement between the cutter and the tube is taking place.

When cutting a cylindrical tube, it is preferable that the flame of the cutting machine is configured to pass at an angle of 90° to the imaginary central axis. The imaginary central axis is maintained parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the tube, substantially perpendicular to a plane containing the longitudinal central axis of the tube, and maintained within a plane tangential to the wall of the tube. has been done.
During cutting of the inclined surface, the intersection of the imaginary central axis and a plane tangential to the tube wall is controlled such that the intersection is maintained at the imaginary line of contact.

Additionally, when attempting to change the angle between the sloping surface and the central axis of the tube along the contoured end, the angle of the sloping surface is such that the angle of the sloping surface is adjusted so that the cutting machine is centered on the imaginary central axis and the long axis of the tube. It is changed by rotating on a plane that is parallel and includes the long axis.

Although the invention is generally applied to forming pipe ends to be welded to convex curved surfaces, it is possible to apply the invention to forming pipe ends to be welded to concave surfaces. Gender can also be considered. Although the tubes formed are typically cylindrical as described above, the present invention may also be applied to tubes having other cross-sections, such as tubes having an oval or rectangular cross-section. Furthermore, the curved surface to which the tube is welded need not necessarily have a cylindrical shape, but may have, for example, a spherical or oblong configuration.

The present invention relates to tubular steel configurations used for example in offshore subsea drilling machines as previously mentioned, and in such combinations, the ends of cylindrical tubes welded to the cylindrical surface of other tubes. However, it is not essential that the central axes of the two tubes intersect with each other. For example, a tube with a contoured end may be welded to another tube having a significantly larger diameter. That is,
The two tubes are arranged at acute or right angles to each other,
An example is when a partially or fully contoured tube is located on one side of a plane parallel to the central axis of the contoured tube and containing the central axis of a tube of larger diameter than said tube. Additionally, tubes with contoured ends may also be used at junctions with two or more other tube assemblies where the two or more tubes together constitute the surface of the body. Can be combined. The contoured ends then end up being partially connected to parts of other tube assemblies. Although such an arrangement requires a complex geometrical contouring of the end face, it can nevertheless be achieved by appropriate design of cams or other patterns that can determine the radial movement of the cutting machine, among other things. A suitable bifurcated ramp formation according to the present invention is provided.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the assembly of steel frameworks or jackets used as assemblies of offshore subsea drilling machines, the cylindrical tubes 1 have their ends welded to branching cylindrical main tubes 2, the axis of each tube being , in a common plane and inclined to each other (e.g. 45°). Figures 1 and 2 show the state before the slope 4 is formed, and the branch pipe 1, which is usually made of high-strength steel, may have an outer diameter of about 2 m and a wall thickness of 12 cm. , while the main pipe 2 has a somewhat larger outer diameter than the branch pipes. In order to make an effective connection, the end of the branch pipe 1 is contoured with an end face 3 that spans the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2, so that the main pipe 2 is auxiliary to the saddle surface of the contoured end. It is intended to receive a relationship and has an end face 3 that abuts the cylindrical shape of the main pipe 2.

If the end face 3 is provided throughout its circumferential area at 90° to the central axis of the branch pipe, and if the branch pipe 1 is made to be relatively thin-walled, both pipes can be placed in an auxiliary relationship. The outer cylindrical surface of the branch pipe 1 substantially contacts the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2 in a first position A, while the inner cylindrical surface of the branch pipe 1 contacts the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2 in a second position B. The first requirement is to be in substantial contact with
It becomes clear from the figure. The first position A is where the outer surface of the branch pipe 1 is at an acute angle α with the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2 in the common plane Y, and the second position B is where the outer surface of the branch pipe 1 is at the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2 in the common plane Y. There are places where it is relative to a surface and an obtuse angle β. In this case, the end of the branch pipe 1 is suitably contoured so that it lies in the plane of the contoured end face 3, i.e. a plane substantially at an angle of 90° to the central axis of the pipe. A line is provided which is considered as an imaginary line (the theoretical line of contact with other tubes), which line is symmetrical with respect to the common plane Y and passes through the positions A, B. This imaginary line can then provide a substantial line that contacts the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2 in an auxiliary relationship. The imaginary line of contact extends radially inwardly on the end face 3 extending continuously around the circumference of the contoured end from or in the direction of the first position A and to or towards the second position B. Move to. The mutually contacting imaginary lines according to the invention as shown in FIGS. can be formed between. This imaginary line (when looking at the branch pipe in the axial direction) is formed by the first part 5a and the second part 5b, and the first part 5a passes through the first position on the branch pipe. terminating in an inner surface, the second portion 5b substantially coincides with the inner cylindrical surface of the contoured branch end face and extends the first portion 5b to pass through the second position B.
It extends between both ends of a. This imaginary line 5
Once a, 5b have been determined, it becomes clear that by shaping the profiled branch end face an inclined surface 4 (see FIG. 5) is provided. Slope 4
is located between the end surface 3 and the outer cylindrical surface of the branch pipe 1 and forms a branch line 5 together with the end surface 3. The branch line substantially corresponds to a part of the length of the imaginary line and extends from the outer outer periphery of the end face 3 (located between points C and D in FIG. 5) to the inner outer periphery. . The branch pipe end thus formed can be mounted on the main pipe 2 in substantially auxiliary relation with the branch line closely fitting or in contact with the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2. Regarding the branch pipes and the main pipe fitted in this auxiliary relationship, they can be welded together with the welding filler by means of a track formed by a groove, the groove being a part of the branch pipe between the inclined surface 4 and the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2. 1 around a contoured end. The welding filler is required between the outer cylindrical surface of the branch pipe 1 and the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2, particularly near the outer circumferential pipe end at the first position A. This is because in the first position A, the radial depth and axial width of the groove formed by the inclined surface are insufficient to accommodate the required amount of welding material.

The contoured end face 3 of the branch pipe 1 is first cut with the branch line forming part of an imaginary line and always at 90° to the central axis of the branch pipe 1. By such initial cutting, the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2 and the end surface 3
A gap is formed between the major part of the circumferential length (seen in the radial section of the branch pipe 1), and the end face 3 lies radially inside the branch line.
Such an end surface 3 is generally separated from the surface of the main pipe 2 as it moves radially inward of the branch pipe 1.
This dispersed gap effect reduces the difficulty of detecting the void between the end face 3 and the main pipe 2 during the ultrasonic inspection of the weld. If necessary, the radial side portions of the end faces 3 can be chamfered to obtain further distributed gaps.

The contoured end face 3 of the branch pipe 1 is first cut so as to contain the imaginary branch line and extend at a predetermined acute or obtuse angle to the central axis of the branch pipe 1 (actual). In this case, the contoured end surface 3 forms a positive or negative slope or groove partially or completely around the end of the branch pipe). In this way, the initial preparation of the end face 3 having the positive slope is desired to be in the following state. For example, if the angle α between the branch pipe 1 and the main pipe 2 is greater than 50° at the second position B in FIG. This would result in an insufficient angular gap for effective welding.

A first embodiment of a device which can be suitably formed by said contouring and chamfering of the branch pipe 1 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 to 12.

The branch pipe 1 is arranged with its central axis vertical so that its lower end is positioned on a horizontal turntable 6. The turntable 6 is provided on a bogie 7 and has an electric motor 7a as a first rotating device.
It is rotatable on the bogie around a vertical central axis. The first support supported by the tubular support frame 8a
In the relative positioning of the tube in the direction of and from the vertical column 8 as a column member, the bogie
The position can be adjusted horizontally. If the branch pipe 1 is placed in the center above the turntable 6, the bogie 7
The exact position (and with respect to that of the branch pipe) is determined by the rollers 6a provided for rotation of the outer cylindrical wall of the branch pipe around the central longitudinal axis on the frame part 6b fixed relative to the vertical column 8. You can get it when you come into contact with someone. A carriage 9 is mounted on a vertical column 8 which controls the vertical movement to raise and lower the column, and this carriage 9 carries a flame cutting machine 10 which is supplied with an oxygen mixture through a tube 10'. The position of the carriage 9 along the vertical column 8 can be easily adjusted from a suitable drive unit.
Adjustment may be made via a pinion device (not shown).
The carriage 9 is balanced by means of an interconnecting chain 8b by means 8b' which is slidably housed in a support frame 8a.

The branch pipe 1 is placed on the turntable in an uncut state (the lowermost end of the branch pipe is cut to be a plane in the radial direction so that the branch pipe stands vertically on the turntable), Thereafter, the branch pipe 1 is first cut to form an end face 3, which follows the appropriate contour and extends said imaginary lines 5a, 5b to its face for joining in auxiliary relation with the cylindrical face of the main pipe 2. I have it within me. The end surface 3 in this example is
For example, it is considered to be located at 90 degrees with respect to the central axis of the branch pipe 1 throughout its circumferential range. To do this initial contouring, a flame cutter 10 is placed and held on the carriage 9, thereby cutting a radius into the wall of the branch 1 while the branch 1 rotates with the turntable. In order to cut a predetermined shape (indicated by 3' in FIG. 6) around the outer periphery of the branch pipe that coincides with the end face 3, the carriage 9 is placed on the vertical column 8. is moved perpendicular to In this way, the end surface 3 that appears at the bottom of the branch pipe after removing the cut part at the top of the branch pipe is always aligned with the central axis of the branch pipe, regardless of its longitudinal position in the direction of the central axis of the branch pipe. It is a right angle. The vertical movement of the carriage and the flame cutting machine 10 is automatically controlled by a line tracing device, which is well known in the art, so that the carriage 9 can move the flame cutting machine 10 vertically below the flame cutting machine above it. As a control signal is obtained from the scanning unit, it is adjusted to a vertical position on the column 8 corresponding to that signal. line 1
The optical scanning unit 11 following the line 2 is pre-traveled around the circumference of the branch pipe 1 to coincide with the desired course of the line 3', but coincides with the vertical spacing between the flame cutter 10 and the optical scanning unit 11. It is separated from line 3' by a vertical distance. This causes the optical scanning unit 11 to vertically adjust the carriage 9 to follow the line 12, and thereby the flame cutter 10 is automatically moved to cut the appropriately formed edge contour. If required, one or both of the flame cutter 10 and the optical scanning unit 11 can be made axially adjustable on the carriage 9 to facilitate determining the axial length of the tube to be cut. . (This is especially the case if the axial position of line 12 is inaccurate).

After cutting the end face 3, the device according to the invention is prepared for cutting the inclined face 4. Next, referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the state in which the flame cutter 10 is mounted on the carriage 9 for cutting the inclined surface 4 will be described in detail. For convenience, the optical scanning unit 11 is omitted from the carriage 9 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.

The carriage 9 has a subframe 13 which is movable vertically with the carriage but horizontally parallel to (but not including) the radial line of the branch pipe 1. direction, and actually moves the flame cutting machine 10. The subframe 13 consists of a pair of parallel rods 13a which are slidable horizontally in line bearings through tubes 9a on a carriage 9 which is only vertically movable; They are connected to each other by transverse members 13b, 13b'. A partial area of the pair of rods extending from tube 9a is enclosed in bellows 13c, which protect the rods and may maintain lubrication for the line bearings.

The flame cutter 10 is mounted at the end of an arm 14 which is located in the radial plane of the branch pipe 1 and is rigidly attached to the block 15. The block 15 is attached to the transverse member 1 in such a way that it can rotate about a central axis 17 (see FIG. 9) together with a shaft 16 as a first rod and in a bearing 16a in the transverse member 13b.
fixed to a shaft 16 extending from 3b;
The central axis extends tangentially to the wall of the branch 1. The central axis 17 is perpendicular to the central axis of the branch pipe 1 and
The flame cutter 10 extends perpendicularly to a plane containing both the central axis of the branch pipe 1 and the flame of the flame cutter 10. The flame cutter 10 is positioned on the arm 14 so that the flame is directed 90 degrees along the central axis 17.
, and necessarily, if the point of intersection is maintained in the end face 3, by suitable rotational adjustment of the block 15 about the central axis 17, the flame cutting machine can be The flame from 10 is directed either parallel to the end face 3 or at a continuously increasing angle with respect to the plane of the end face 3, in order to cut the inclined plane at the outer periphery of the contoured end of the branch pipe 1. It is obvious that it will be one or the other. For example, by rotating the flame cutter 10 about the central axis 17 and fixing the flame cutter at a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the branch pipe, and then by rotating the flame cutter 10 about the central axis 17 of the branch pipe 1 (see FIG. 9). Rotation of the branch pipe while positioned and maintained in a tangential position with respect to the inner cylindrical surface of the branch pipe causes the ramp surface to be cut around the entire circumference of the contoured end of the branch pipe; This slope is of constant radial depth, which corresponds to the wall thickness of the branch pipe.

With this in mind, the subframe 13 is adjusted to move the point of intersection of the central axis 17 with the cutting flame passing radially outward through the wall thickness of the branch pipe 1, which substantially tangential and while keeping said intersection in the plane of the end face 3, during the cutting of the inclined face, that face forms a branch line 5 with a contoured end face 3, and its It becomes clear that the line moves continuously radially outward through the wall thickness of branch 1 as the branch continuously rotates, which means that an inclined surface is formed according to the invention. It is the basis of

As mentioned above, the branch line 5 at the end of the desired contoured branch pipe 1 is defined by the imaginary line portion 5a (the fifth
The radial positioning of the central axis 17 with respect to the branch pipe 1 therefore corresponds to the relative rotation of the flame cutter 10 and the branch pipe. It should be controlled in such a way that the inclined surface 4 is cut and forms a branch line 5. In order to control the positioning of the central axis 17 radially tangential with respect to the wall thickness of the branch pipe 1, the transverse member 13b' of the subframe 13 (see FIG. 9) has a cam follower in the form of a roller 18. ing. This roller 18
are provided to roll on a pattern formed by the outer peripheral surface of the cam plate 19. The cam plate is disk 2
0 and a bean-shaped plate 21. The disk 20 and the plate 21 are connected together and are driven by a shaft 22 of an electric motor 23 as a second rotating device so as to rotate together around the shaft 22. The shaft 22 is concentric with the disc 20 and together with the motor is provided with a carriage 9 and is vertically movable therewith. If desired, spring means such as 24 (see FIG. 9) may be provided between the fixed tube 9a of the carriage 9 and the subframe 13;
A spring force can be applied to the roller 18 that engages with the outer peripheral surface of the cam plate 19.

When the cam plate is rotated by the shaft 22,
As long as the roller 18 follows the cylindrical surface of the disk 20, the branch pipe 9
It is clear that there is no movement of subframe 13 with respect to a. However, when the roller 18 moves onto the outer peripheral surface of the bean-shaped plate 21, it immediately moves the subframe 13 in the radial direction with respect to the branch pipe 1, and this movement causes the subframe 13 to move outward of the branch pipe 1. Continuously move to the position of maximum radial distance. After that, the roller 19 moves the disk 2 from the outer periphery of the plate 21.
0, the subframe 13 returns to a position at a minimum radial distance from the branch pipe 1.

The drive of the shaft 22 by the electric motor 23 is synchronized with the rotation of the turntable 6 and the branch pipe 1. As a result, the branch pipe 1 and the cam plate 19 are rotated at the same angular velocity, and one rotation of the branch pipe corresponds to the rotation of the cam plate. Corresponds to one rotation.

The shape of the cam surface provided to the roller 18 by the cam plate 19 is predetermined in accordance with the geometry of the imaginary line located on the branch end face 3, so that the roller While rolling on the surface of the plate 20, the intersection of the flame from the flame cutter 10 and the central axis 17 does not move radially with respect to the branch pipe 1, but the roller engages the bean plate 21. When combined,
Said point of intersection moves radially through the wall thickness of the tube. Consequently, in this embodiment, the camming surface portion provided by the plate 21 is imaginary away from the cylindrical inner edge of the contoured end face 3 (looking at the branch 1 in the axial direction). It is designed to determine the shape of the line. Since the intersection of the central axis 17 and the cutting flame moves through the wall thickness of the branch pipe 1 during its rotation, the radius of the disc 20 is defined as the distance from the outer peripheral surface of the bean-shaped plate 21 to the central axis of the shaft 22. The maximum radial distance drawn is substantially equal to the wall thickness of the branch pipe 1. That is, the distance X in FIGS. 9 and 10 is
equal to the radial wall thickness of The formation of the outer periphery of the plate 21 with which the rollers 18 engage substantially corresponds to the shape of an imaginary line (assuming the branch pipe is viewed from the axial direction), and this imaginary line is defined by contouring. (This is the imaginary line portion 5a in FIGS. 4 and 5).

To form the branch line 5, the cam plate 19 is first rotated 180° relative to the roller 18 from the position shown in FIGS. a first on the contoured end of the branch, tangentially to the outer cylindrical surface of the end face;
It is arranged relative to the flame cutting machine 10 so as to be arranged near the position A. Flame cutting machine 10, arm 14
and block 15 is rotated about a central axis 17 to form a desired angle, for example, such that the cutting flame is at an angle of 15° with the central axis of the branch pipe;
The cutting flame is located in a plane containing the central axis of the branch pipe and intersects the central axis 17 in the end face 3. The cutting action of the flame is caused by the rotation about the central axis of the branch pipe 1 (which is synchronized with the rotation of the cam plate 19 about the axis 22) and by the intersection of the cutting flame with the central axis 17 in the plane of the end face 3. It starts simultaneously with the vertical movement of the carriage 9 on the vertical column under the control of the optical scanning unit 11 which maintains the vertical movement of the carriage 9 on the column.

During the movement of the rollers 18 on the outer periphery of the plate 21, the subframe 13 moves continuously in the upward direction in FIG. radially outwardly from the cylindrical surface towards the outer cylindrical surface, thereby branching line 5
moves from partial length C to D of the imaginary line portion 5a. When both the cam plate and the branch pipe are rotated through 180°, the intersection of the cutting flame and the central axis 17 is at the second position B of the inner circumferential edge of the branch pipe (corresponding to the angle β formed between the pipes to be welded). ). 180
Continued rotation of the pattern beyond the ° position continuously raises the subframe 13 and moves the point of intersection of the cutting flame with the central axis 17 radially outward through the wall thickness of the branch pipe in the plane of the end face 3. , thereby continuously decreasing the radial depth of the inclined surface 4;
This is carried out until the roller 18 finally returns to the center point of maximum movement on the outer peripheral surface of the plate 21, at which point no inclined surface is formed and one revolution of the cam plate and the branch pipe 1 is completed simultaneously. . Branch pipe 1 related to flame cutting machine
Unlike the continuous rotation of 360°, the cutting of the inclined surface is accomplished by first setting the flame cutting machine in the first position A, and then rotating the turntable and the branch pipe in a reciprocating motion. As a result, the side from point C to point D of one branch line of the branch pipe is first cut as the turntable 6 rotates in one direction, and then the turntable is reversed, thereby causing the flame The cutting machine passes through point A and cuts the side of the opposing branch line of the branch pipe from point C to point D (during such reciprocating rotation of the branch pipe, the rotation of the cam plate 19 ).

Since the correct positioning of the branch pipe in the device is determined by the correct position of the outer cylindrical surface of the branch pipe (the surface of the branch pipe is in contact with the roller 6a) due to the movement of the bogie, the branch pipes with different wall thicknesses can be When forming the
Prior to cutting the first slope, it must be ensured that the radial position of the central axis 17 in FIG. It is located tangentially to the inner circumferential surface of. To facilitate such adjustment, rollers 18 are mounted on subframe 1.
3 on a bar 25, which is adjustable with respect to the rest of the subframe, so that the transverse member 13b and the central axis 17 are aligned with the wall thickness of the branch pipe relative to the rollers 18. They can rise and fall in unison (see Figures 9 and 10). Preferably, the bar 25 is graduated for different branch wall thicknesses as shown in FIG.

If the angle formed by the flame cutter 10 by the central axis of the branch pipe 1 is kept constant during the shaping of the ramp, the ramp so formed is unsuitable. This is because the angle of inclination formed between a certain area of the inclined surface and the plane that will be tangential to the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2 in this area is such that the flame cutting machine also follows the contoured end formation. As a result of the axial movement that occurs between the branch pipe and the flame cutter,
This will vary depending on the perimeter of the slope. For example, if the flame cutter 10 performs a large vertical movement while the branch pipe 1 is rotated to a very small extent, on the portion of the end face contoured corresponding to the vertical movement of the flame cutter, The resulting tilt is negligible. This is because this part of the contoured end face is considered to lie in a plane parallel to or containing the central axis of the main pipe 2. Preferably, the angle formed by the plane tangential to the cylindrical surface of the main pipe 2 and the inclined surface is constant (preferably within the range of 45° to 60°) in all areas around the inclined surface. That's true.
To form such a constantly formed angle it is necessary that: That is, during the formation of the inclined surface, the angle formed between the central axis of the branch pipe 1 and the flame cutting machine is such that the angle formed between the central axis of the branch pipe 1 and the flame cutting machine is, for example, 15° between the central axis of the branch pipe and the flame cutting machine. It is to be varied continuously from the formed angle, increasing continuously to 90° in the circumferential extent of position B, as one moves around the circumference of the contoured end. Branch pipe 1
The angle of the flame cutter 10 with respect to the central axis of the flame cutter 10 is varied by rotation of the block 15 and thereby rotation of the flame cutter around the central axis 17 (the intersection of the cutting flame and the central axis 17 is contoured). 3). By rotation about the central axis 17, the angular adjustment of the flame cutter can be controlled manually as appropriate. However, instead of this, automatic adjustment of the angle of the flame cutting machine is carried out by using the control system disclosed by Morgan in British Patent Specification No. 1013738. According to Morgan's system, a second rod 26 has one end attached to the shaft 16 so as to rotate therewith, and a pin 27 attached at the other end to a vertical second vertical column 8c. It is connected to the pin for rotation. The rod 26 extends radially relative to both the shaft 16 and the pin 27, while the central axis or center of the pin intersects the central axis of the branch 1. Furthermore, the central axis or center of the pin 27 is
Located within a plane that includes the central axis of the branch pipe 1, and 90 degrees relative to the plane that includes the central axis of the branch pipe 1 and the flame cutting machine 10.
It is ゜. The connection between rod 26 and pin 27 allows for free movement effects between those components;
It is also conveniently formed in that the ends of the rods 26 are supported in the forks of the pins 27, so that the distance between the shaft 16 and the pins 27 can be increased or decreased.

Pin 27 is located at point A on the contoured end of the branch.
and is adjusted to a point located approximately in the middle of the vertical space of point B on the second vertical column 8c. When the flame cutter 10 is positioned in the position of the carriage 9 corresponding to the first position A on the contoured branch end, this carriage 9 is positioned on the arm 14 between the inclined plane and the central axis of the branch pipe 1. the desired angle of inclination (e.g. 15'). The cutting of the inclined surface starts from point A, and as the branch rotates below the flame cutting machine 10, the carriage 9 moves vertically on the vertical column 8 following the contour of the branch end, thereby causing the carriage to The relative movement between pin 9 and pin 27 continuously rotates shaft 16 through rod 26. As a result,
When the branch pipe 1 is rotated to position the flame cutting machine in the range 4a (Fig. 5), the angle between the inclined surface 4 and the central axis of the branch pipe 1 increases continuously to the maximum angle. do. Further, the rotation of the branch pipe beyond the range 4a through point B and beyond the second range 4a continuously reduces the angle formed by the inclined plane until point A again reaches the vicinity of the flame cutter. let range 4
a is such that the flame cutting machine rotating under the control of the Morgan system sufficiently retreats its flame from the wall of the branch pipe, so that the cutting of the slope is carried out from one area 4a through position B to the other area 4a. The circumferential range of the contoured end face up to . The free movement connection between the rod 26 and the pin 27 allows the carriage 9 to move relative to the pin 27 as the carriage 9 is moved vertically on the vertical column 8 and as the subframe 13 is similarly moved within the carriage. This is ensured as follows.
For convenience, the rod 26 is shown as straight in FIGS. 9 and 10, but it actually has a dogleg shape as shown in FIG.

During the rotational movement of the flame cutting machine 10 around the central axis 17 and during the radial movement of the central axis 17 through the wall thickness of the branch pipe 1, the flame cutting machine, in particular its nozzle 28, moves with respect to the branch pipe 1. , resulting in variations in the cutting effect. To reduce this possibility, the nozzle 28 is controlled by an electric motor so that the radial movement with respect to the branch 1 and the arm 14 can be controlled. 9th
As shown, the flame cutter 10 has a housing 29 secured to the arm 14, with a nozzle 28 held within the housing. Nozzle 28
is slidable in the radial direction of the branch pipe 1 inside the housing, is fixed to the nozzle, and is attached to the lead screw 31.
It has a locking nut 30 that engages with the locking nut 30. The lead screw is rotatably mounted on a bearing in the housing and is driven by an electric motor 32 via a gear system 33. At the same time as the lead screw 31 rotates, the nozzle 28 is moved towards the outer surface of the branch pipe 1 or It is moved from the outside direction. The actuation of the electric motor 32 that moves the nozzle 28 is manually controlled by the operator monitoring the cutting operation. The device has an operator's platform from which the cutting status is ultimately monitored and which holds a control unit for the device. The platform 34 is vertically movably mounted on a vertical column 36 as a third column member so that the operator can follow the vertical movement of the carriage 9 and gain access to the cutting site. Vertical movement of platform 34 is accomplished by a rack and pinion drive mechanism provided between the platform and vertical column 36. If necessary, the drive for moving the platform 34 is automatically controlled simultaneously with the drive for moving the carriage 9, and the platform automatically follows the carriage.

When the flame cutter 10 is used to form a contoured end face 3 held perpendicular to the central axis of the branch pipe 1, the flame cutter 10 is oriented in the appropriate direction and aligned with the central axis 17 and It is fixed around the rod 16, and the shaft 16 is not connected to the rod 26 and pin 27.

Preferably, the contoured end surface 3 is formed in such a way that it always remains perpendicular to the central axis of the branch pipe 1, but if necessary, the contoured end surface can be formed with the proviso that the branch line lies on said end surface. An acute angle may be formed in the central axis of the branch pipe that surrounds all or part of the circumferential area of the branch pipe. In order to form such an end surface, which is actually an inclined surface on the inner or outer surface of the profiled end of the branch, the flame cutter 10 is rotated on the axis 16 with respect to the central axis 17 and The desired acute angle is formed with respect to the central axis of the tube 1 and the cut is then made. While such cutting is being carried out, the Morgan systems 26, 27 for automatically controlling the rotational or pivoting movements of the flame cutting machine 10 are disconnected, but the cam plate 19 and the rollers 18 are disconnected. The control device for radially moving the flame cutter 10 with respect to the branch pipe 1 by the engagement of the branch line 5 is positioned at one of the contoured end faces resulting from the cutting, The configuration of the end face is maintained to ensure that it is completely cut. After the end face, which in this example is contoured such that the circumferential length of the end face is inclined with respect to the central axis of the branch pipe 1, has been cut, the Morgan system is reconnected and the branch line cutting is performed; Appropriate bevels are applied to the contoured end faces. While a bevel cut is made by actuating the Morgan control device, the bevel formed at the end of the branch ends in a contoured end face (as shown in area 4a of FIG. 5, discussed earlier). ).

By appropriate selection of the pattern or cam surface for moving the rollers 18 of the subframe 13, radial movement with respect to the branch pipe 1 can be suppressed so that the flame cutter 10 cuts the slope at the end of the branch pipe. , any predetermined branching on the end face of the branch pipe irrespective of the shape of the cross-section of the branch pipe, provided that said inclined surface maintains the intersection of the central axis 17 and the cutting flame substantially in the plane of the end face. Lines may also be formed.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a kidney bean shape plate 21 in the form of a cam plate 19 is removably attached to a disc 20 by means of bolts. can be easily replaced with other plates having different camming surfaces that change the characteristics of the branch line formed at the end of the profiled branch. 9th
A variation of the pattern for the cam plate 19 shown in FIGS. 11 and 10 is illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12. This deformation is created by the circumferential surface created by a pair of stacked disks 37, 38 of the same diameter. These discs are connected to a shaft 22 for rotation together. The disc 37 has a radially extending slot 39 through which the shaft 22 extends, and the disc 37 is secured to the shaft 2 by a locking nut 40.
2 and the disc 38. By releasing the lock nut 40 and sliding the slot 39 relative to the shaft 22, the disc 37 can be moved in a predetermined radial direction relative to the disc 38, which
It is concentrically attached to. The disks 37 and 38 are rotated eccentrically in this way, and then the lock nut 4
0, the outermost circumferential surface of the connected discs presents a figure-8 outline, and the integrated discs are attached to the shaft 2.
As it rotates with 2, roller 18 follows this contour. Disks 37 stacked in a concentric relationship,
Regarding 38, when the pattern rotates, the subframe 13 with respect to the radial direction of the branch pipe 1 does not move;
The central axis 17 is thus held in a predetermined radial position relative to the cylindrical surface of the branch pipe 1. In order to make a predetermined cut along the branch line of the contoured end face of the branch pipe 1, the disc 37 is moved eccentrically relative to the disc 38 over a range corresponding to the wall thickness of the branch pipe 1. do. For example, if the wall thickness of the branch pipe is 12.7 cm (5 inches), the lowest circumferential edge of disc 37 will be 12.7 cm (5 inches) below the lowest circumferential edge of disc 38. position as it is. To facilitate adjustment of discs 37 and 38 in determining the appropriate figure eight shape of the cam profile, disc 38 is fitted with a radially extending scale 38.
a, so that the radial displacement width of the disc 37 in relation to the disc 38 can be easily determined in accordance with the wall thickness of the branch pipe to be beveled.

If the end face 3 is contoured to have an imaginary line of contact for contact, which is usually circular, when the branch 1 is viewed in the axial direction, and if such imaginary line of contact is on the wall of the branch has a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the branch pipe 1 excluding the thickness, the imaginary contact line is eccentric to the central axis of the branch pipe, so that the imaginary contact line lies outside the end face 3 at the first position A. It is located on the inner diameter of the end face 3 at the second position B. The pattern then traced by the rollers 18 may be in the form of a single disc that is radially movable in a concentric position on the shaft 22. This pattern of single discs is ensured by eccentrically moving on the axis 22 to an extent equal to half the thickness of the wall of the branch pipe 1, and in order for the rollers 18 to effect the cut substantially along an imaginary line. Oriented in the proper direction to move the flame cutter.

The apparatus heretofore described and illustrated with reference to FIGS. 6 to 12 is such that the end of the branch pipe to be profiled is formed while the branch pipe is rotated about a central vertical axis. It was related, but then the 13th
Referring to FIGS. 15 to 15, the branch pipe is rotatably supported so that its central axis is horizontal, and
A specific example of an apparatus in which a contoured end of a branch can be formed and beveled is described.
For convenience, in Figures 13 to 15, the 6th
Components similar to those shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 are given the same reference numerals.

In FIGS. 13 to 15, the branch pipe 1 has horizontally spaced rollers 41 and 4
They are arranged so that their central axes are horizontal on the two sets of 2. The rollers of the two sets straddle the branch pipes, the rollers of set 41 are idle rollers, and the rollers of set 42 are rotatably driven by an electric motor 43. Driven by an electric motor 43 as a first rotating device, the rollers 42 transmit the drive to the branch pipe 1 so that the branch pipe 1 rotates about the water axis. The set of rollers is arranged on a fixed base 44 between a pair of parallel foundation rails 45, which extend parallel to the central axis of the branch 1. A box-shaped frame structure is mounted on the foundation rail via wheels 46, and after the branch pipe 1 is placed on the rollers 41 and 42, the frame structure is movable along the foundation rail. Straddling the tube. One of the wheels 46 is driven by an electric motor 48 to move the frame structure 47 as required. One side of the frame structure 47 has three vertical columns arranged at intervals. These vertical columns 49 support a horizontal beam 50 as a first column member via a guide plate 51, and the horizontal beam is connected to the guide plate so that the height of the beam relative to the roller 41 is adjustable. 51 along each vertical column 49 in the vertical direction. The horizontal beam 50 is moved in the vertical direction by an electric motor 5.
2, which drives a winch system 53 having a cable 54 connected to a guide plate 51 at longitudinally spaced locations. As shown in Figure 13, a three winch system is provided, driven by a common shaft 55 rotated by an electric motor 52, the common shaft 55 being supported by bearings 56 in the frame structure. There is.

The horizontal beam 50 serves a similar purpose to the vertical column 8 in FIG. 6, and the carriage 9 shown in FIG. 6 is mounted on the horizontal beam to restrain horizontal movement along the horizontal beam. On the carriage there is a flame cutting machine 10 as a first cutting torch;
Optical scanning unit 11, movable subframe 1
3. The cam plate 19 and the coupling member (including the Morgan interlocking system 26, 27) are arranged or connected thereon. These include the movement of the flame cutter 10 in the radial direction with respect to the central axis of the branch pipe 1;
The rotation of the flame cutting machine 10 is similar to that described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.
As a result, the light scanning unit 11 can detect a line 12 previously drawn on the circumference of the branch pipe 1 (at the right end of the branch pipe in FIG. ). However, the line 12 is spaced axially from the desired trajectory of the end face by a horizontal distance corresponding to the horizontal spacing between the flame cutter 10 and the optical scanning unit 11. As the light scanning unit 11 is thus adjusted horizontally to follow the line of rotation 12 below it, the carriage 9 and the flame cutter 10 move automatically to cut the properly formed end. Form the contour.

The cam plate 19 is driven by the electric motor 23 as a second rotating device at the same angular velocity as the branch pipe 1 rotates in the axial direction as described above. In order to ensure that the rotational speed of the cam plate 19 is synchronized with the rotational speed of the branch pipe 1 so that the cam plate 19 and the branch pipe 1 complete one revolution at the same time, the speed of the electric motor 23 is equal to the speed that drives the cam plate. The speed at which the branch pipe rotates is synchronized.
In order to achieve such synchronization, the device has an end carriage unit 57, which is movable horizontally along the base rail 45 on rollers 58 and which allows the contouring of the branch pipe 1 to be carried out. An arm 59 on the end carriage unit, which is close to the other end than the end face 3, connects the coupling 6 to the wall of the branch pipe 1.
Connected by 0. The arm 59 is a shaft 61
The central axis of the shaft is located in the same vertical plane as the central axis of the branch pipe 1. Further, the shaft 61 is vertically adjustable on the end carriage unit by means of a screw mechanism 62 so that the central axis of the shaft 61 is aligned with the central axis of the branch pipe 1. When the axis 61 is adjusted to be concentric with the branch pipe 1 and the arm 59 connected to the wall of the branch pipe 1, the arm 59 will move around the axis 6 as a result of the rotation of the branch pipe 1.
Rotate 1. The rotating shaft 61 is a gear system 63
and a main synchronous motor 63',
The output serves as an input control signal to the electric motor 23 that drives the cam plate 19, and the input signal controls the drive of the cam plate 19 so that the cam plate 19 rotates at an angular velocity equal to the rotation of the branch pipe 1.

The contoured end face 3 of the branch pipe and the cutting of the branch line which slopes the end face are carried out while the carriage 9 is moved horizontally, while the subframe 13 of the carriage 9
is performed in a manner similar to that described above for the previous embodiment, except that the branch line is vertically movable during ramping.

It is clear that the vertical position of the flame cutter 10 can be varied to suit branch pipes with different outer diameters, and this is achieved by appropriate vertical movement of the horizontal beam, as described above. .

The large, heavy tubes used in jacket construction for offshore drilling equipment are usually not suitable for convenient handling and require a properly contoured end face and beveled branch line at each end of the tube. It was necessary to give. After contouring and bevelling one end of the branch pipe, the device places a second It has a subframe 13' and is associated with the same components as those attached to the subframe 13. The second subframe 13' and its associated components are located on the carriage 9 on the side of the optical scanning unit 11, away from the subframe 13. With this arrangement, the light scanning unit 11 is common to the flame cutting machine 10 in any case for controlling the horizontal movement, and the second subframe 1
Flame cutting machine 10 as second cutting torch on 3'
While the branch pipe is rotating on the rollers 41 and 42,
As shown in FIG. 13B, it can be moved in the horizontal direction together with the carriage 9 under the control of the optical scanning unit 11 in order to form a contour, an inclination, at the left end of the branch pipe 1. After readjusting the device to cut the left end of the branch 1, the arm 59 is released from the branch 1 and the end carriage unit 57 is retracted, while the box-shaped frame structure is removed from the base in FIG. 13B. Moving leftward along the rail 45, the optical scanning unit 11 scans a line drawn in advance in the leftward direction of the branch pipe 1. The second cam plate 19 connected to the second subframe 13' is rotated by an electric motor 23' as a third rotating device at the same angular velocity as the branch pipe 1 rotates. In order to synchronize the rotation of the branch pipe with the rotation of the cam plate 19 on the left side of the optical scanning unit 11 in FIG. 13B, a second carriage 64 is used.
The carriage 64, like the end carriage unit 57, is movable along the base rail 45. The second carriage 64 comprises a rotatable arm 59, a coupling 60, a shaft 61, a gear system 63, a main synchronous motor 63' and a screw mechanism 62 which is a vertical adjustment mechanism similar to the end carriage unit 57. There is. The arm 59 of the carriage 64 is therefore actuated to engage the right end of the branch pipe 1, and as the branch pipe rotates, the output signal from the main synchronous motor 63' of the carriage 64 is transmitted to the second subframe 13'. An input control signal is provided to the motor 23' of the associated cam plate 19 to ensure that the drive to the cam plate is synchronized with the rotation of the branch 1, as described above.

The main advantage of the device shown in FIGS. 13 to 15 over the previous embodiments is that the device provides contours, slopes, and slopes at both ends of the branch pipe without the need to adjust the position of the branch pipe as previously described. This means that it is convenient for attaching. However, unlike this, the sixth
The main advantage of the exemplary apparatus shown in Figures 8 over horizontal machines arises from the fact that the entire axial length of the branch pipe is available for cutting by the flame cutter. It is useful for contouring and bevelling the ends of short or unused branch pipes. (For example, this is because the outer peripheral surface of the branch pipe is not engaged with the chuck etc.).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of two cylindrical tubes, which are arranged so as to be able to be connected to a branch tube having an end shape that can be joined to the cylindrical surface of another main cylindrical tube. , FIG. 2 is an axial end view of the contoured end of the branch pipe of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but showing the contoured end of the branch pipe. FIG. 4 is an axial end view of the branch pipe of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the contoured end of the branch pipe, illustrating the shape of the branch line provided between the chamfered surface and the contoured end surface, and FIG.
The chamfered surface and the end surface are shown when viewed from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4, and FIG. The branch pipe of FIG. 5 can be contoured and shaped by the device with its axis vertically oriented, FIG. 7 is a side view of the device of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a side view of the device of FIG. 6 is a plan view of the device shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the device shown in FIGS. is shown in a plan view, FIG. 10 is a side view of the configuration of FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is a side view of a modified example of the pattern that can be applied to the configurations of FIGS. 9 and 10. , the pattern is adjustable to provide a camming surface for moving the cutter to form a predetermined branch line; FIG. 12 is a side view of the adjustable pattern of FIG. 11; Figure 13 A, B
5 is a side view of another embodiment of a tube end forming apparatus having the construction of the present invention, in which the tube of FIGS. 1-5 is contoured and shaped by the apparatus with its axis horizontally disposed 14 is a side view of the device shown in FIG. 13, viewed from the direction of the arrow in FIG. 13A, and FIG. 15 is a side view of the device shown in FIGS. It is an end view seen from the direction. 1... Branch pipe, 2... Main pipe, 3... End surface, 4...
Inclined surface, 5...branch line, 10...flame cutting machine, 11
...Optical scanning unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When cutting a tube obliquely to the central axis of the tube in order to connect the end of the tube to another tube, the cutting torch must be placed so that the axis of the cutting torch is aligned with the center of the tube. The tube is rotated once while being moved in the axial direction of the tube while maintaining the angle formed with the axis at 90 degrees, and the tube is cut by the cutting torch to form a first end surface on the tube. The cutting torch is brought close to the tube in the vicinity of the first point indicating the lowest end of the end face, and then the cutting torch is moved in the direction of the central axis of the tube while changing the angle between the axis of the cutting torch and the central axis of the tube. While moving
rotating the tube and cutting the tube with the cutting torch to form a second end surface on the tube, and removing the cutting torch from the tube in the vicinity of a second point representing the uppermost end of the first end surface; the cutting torch is moved radially outward of the tube to form a third end surface of the tube that is symmetrical to the second end surface with respect to a line connecting the first point and the second point. The cutting torch is brought close to the pipe near the point, and then the cutting torch is moved in the direction of the central axis of the pipe while changing the angle between the axis of the cutting torch and the central axis of the pipe, and the pipe is rotated to perform the above-mentioned cutting. The torch cuts the tube to form a third end surface, and the cutting torch is moved in the radial direction of the tube in order to remove the cutting torch from the tube in the vicinity of a first point indicating the lowest end of the first end surface. A method for forming an end of a tube, characterized by moving the end to the outside of the tube. 2. The boundary line that occurs at the boundary between the first end surface and the second end surface of the tube and between the first end surface and the third end surface of the tube is in the vicinity of the first point and extends from the outer edge of the tube,
2. The method of forming an end of a tube according to claim 1, wherein the step extends to the inner edge of the tube in the vicinity of the second point. 3. According to claim 1 or 2, the angle of the cutting torch is changed only while the cutting torch moves in the axial direction with respect to the pipe during the cutting process of the second and third end faces. How to form the end of a tube. 4. A mounting device for mounting a tube, a first rotation device for rotating the tube provided in the mounting device, and a first column member having an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube to be mounted to the mounting device. a carriage movable in the axial direction of the tube along the first post member; and a carriage connected to the carriage and configured to move the carriage in the longitudinal direction of the tube in response to a guideline drawn on the tube for forming an end surface. a second rotating device disposed on the carriage and rotatable in synchronization with the first rotating device; and a cam plate rotatably mounted on a rotating shaft of the second rotating device. a cover rotatable along the cam surface of the cam plate and having a roller at one end movable in the radial direction of the cam plate in response to a varying radial distance between the center of the cam plate and the cam surface; a subframe connected at one end to the bar and connected to the carriage at the center and movable in the radial direction of the tube by movement of rollers corresponding to rotation of the cam plate; a first rod rotatably attached to the other end of the subframe; an arm attached at one end to the first rod and having a cutting torch at the other end; one end is pivotally connected to the other end of the first rod for varying the angle between the torch axis and the tube axis, the other end having an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube; A pipe end face forming device comprising: a second rod rotatably connected to a second pillar member via a pin provided on the second pillar member. 5. The pipe end face forming device according to claim 4, wherein the mounting device is comprised of a rotatable turntable for mounting the pipe with its end adjacent to the cutting torch. 6. The tube end face forming device according to claim 4, wherein the mounting device is a pair of rollers that support the tube so that its axis is horizontal and rotate the tube around its axis. . 7. A mounting device for mounting a tube, a first rotation device provided on the mounting device for rotating the tube, and a first column member having an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tube mounted on the mounting device. a carriage movable in the axial direction of the tube along the first post member; and a carriage connected to the carriage to drive the carriage in the longitudinal direction of the tube in response to a guideline drawn on the tube for forming an end surface. a second rotating device disposed on the carriage and rotatable in synchronization with the first rotating device; a cam plate rotatably mounted on a rotating shaft of the second rotating device; a bar rotatable along the cam surface of the plate and having at one end a roller movable in the radial direction of the cam plate in response to a varying radial distance between the center of the cam plate and the cam surface; is connected to the bar, the central part is connected to the carriage, and the subframe is movable in the radial direction of the tube by the movement of rollers corresponding to the rotation of the cam plate; a first rod attached to the other end of the subframe; an arm having one end attached to the first rod and a cutting torch at the other end; and a cutting torch upon axial movement of the tube of the carriage. one end is rotatably connected to the other end of the first rod to change the angle between the axis of the rod and the axis of the tube;
a second rod whose other end is rotatably connected to a second column member having an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube via a pin provided on the second column member; a third column member having an axis parallel to the axial direction of the third column member; and a third column member having an axis parallel to the axial direction of the third column member; A tube end forming device comprising a movable monitoring platform and a movable monitoring platform. 8. Claim 7, characterized in that the mounting device is comprised of a rotatable turntable for mounting the tube with its end adjacent to the cutting machine.
The pipe end face forming device described in 2. 9. A mounting device for mounting a tube, a first rotating device provided in the mounting device to rotate the tube, and a first column member having an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tube mounted on the mounting device. a first carriage movable in the axial direction of the tube along the first post member and forming one end of the tube; , a second carriage forming the other end of the tube;
a drive device connected between the first and second carriages for driving the carriage in the longitudinal direction of the tube in response to a guideline for forming an end face drawn on the tube; second and third rotating devices provided and rotatable in synchronization with the first rotating device; and first and second rotating devices rotatably mounted on the rotation shafts of the second and third rotating devices, respectively. cam plate and
At one end is a roller that is rotatable along the cam surface of each cam plate and that is movable in the radial direction of each cam plate in accordance with the varying radial distance between the center of each cam plate and the cam surface. first and second bars having respective one ends connected to the first and second bars and respective central portions connected to the first and second carriages, each roller corresponding to rotation of each cam plate; first and second subframes movable in the radial direction of the tube by movement of the subframes; first and second subframes rotatably attached to the other end of each subframe and perpendicular to the axis of each subframe; two rods, first and second arms each having one end attached to the first and second rods and having first and second cutting torches at each other end; and first and second carriages. One end is rotatable to the other end of the first and second rods, respectively, so as to change the angle between the axes of the first and second cutting torches and the axis of the tube as the tube moves in the axial direction. and the other end is connected to
Consisting of third and fourth rods rotatably connected to a second column member having an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube via a pin provided on the second column member. A pipe end face forming device characterized by: 10. The end face of the tube according to claim 9, wherein the mounting device is a pair of rollers that support the tube so that its axis is horizontal and rotate the tube around its axis. Forming device.