JPS6129688A - Heat exchanging device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To exchange heat by flowing both primary and secondary fluids by means of the driving of a pump on one fluid side by a method wherein an electromagnetic flow coupler is established between the primary and secondary fluids by applying magnetic field on the primary and secondary flow passages, the cross-sections of both of which are formed in an annular flow passage by arranging the primary flow passages and the secondary flow passages alternately. CONSTITUTION:An annular flow passage 42 is formed by arranging an inner tube 41 at the center of a cylindrical outer tube 40. A magnetic circuit is formed by axially arranging cylindrical magnets 43 onto the outer periphery of the outer tube 40 and by arranging a bar-shaped iron core 44 in the interior of the cylindrical tube 41. The flow passage 42 is divided by partition plates 45 into a plurality of primary and secondary flow passages 47 and 46 arranged alternately. When the secondary fluid forming ascending flows 52 is flowed in the secondary flow passages 46 by means of a secondary pump 8, the electric currents proportional to the flow speed of the secondary fluid are generated within the flow passage 46 portions in the annular flow passage, resulting in forming a loop electric current 63. Electrically conductive fluid in the flow passages 47 generates the fluidizing force, the direction of which is opposite to the moving direction of the secondary flow and which causes to form descending flows 60 by receiving the electric current 63 in the magnetic fluxes 62. The fluidizing forces generated in the flow passages 47 are compounded into the total pumping force of the primary fluid 61.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and particularly to an electromagnetic flow coupler type heat exchanger suitable for heat exchange between conductive fluids such as liquid metals.

[Background of the invention]

A wide variety of heat exchangers for liquid metals, such as liquid sodium, have been devised and put into practical use.

Figure 7 shows a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is the most common structure known. This structure is US LM
rI, iquidMetal announced by the EC Committee
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This is an example of what is described in akSupplement) J 1967-6. In addition, when this heat exchanger is used as an intermediate heat exchanger for transferring heat from the secondary system to the secondary system of a fast reactor (fast breeder reactor), the cooling system diagram shown in Figure 8 is also described. ing.

First, the structure and function of this prior art will be explained. FIG. 8 shows the primary system, secondary system, and steam cooling system of the fast reactor. A reactor core 2 is located inside a reactor vessel 1 of a fast reactor, and is filled with a primary coolant 3 such as liquid sodium. There is an inlet at the bottom of the furnace vessel 1 and an outlet nozzle at the top, a primary system pump 4 is installed at the inlet nozzle, and an intermediate heat exchanger 5 is expanded at the outlet nozzle through piping 6 to form a primary cooling system 7. . A secondary cooling system 11 is constructed by connecting a secondary pump 8 and a steam generator 9 to the secondary side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 via piping 10.
mold. A water supply pump 12 is provided on the secondary side of the steam generator 9.
and the steam turbine 14 directly connected to the generator 13 is connected to the piping 1
5 to form a steam system 16. The heat generated in the reactor core 2 flows through the coolant 3 by driving the primary system pump 4 and is transported to the intermediate heat exchanger 5 side. In the secondary system 11, the heat of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 is transported to the steam generator 9 side by driving the secondary system pump. Using the transported heat, the steam generator 9 turns the water from the water supply pump 12 into superheated steam and sends it to the steam turbine 14, drives the turbine, rotates the generator 13, and obtains electricity from the generator 13. It is a system.

In this system, the secondary cooling system 7 circulates radioactive coolant, so to ensure safety, heat is first transferred to the non-radioactive coolant of the secondary cooling system 11 via the intermediate heat exchanger 5, and then superheated steam is transferred. It's something you get.

FIG. 7 is an example showing a specific structure of the shell φ and tube type intermediate heat exchanger 5. As shown in FIG.

A plurality of tubular heat transfer tubes 22 are supported inside a cylindrical shell 21 between an upper tube sheet 23 and a lower tube sheet 24 to form a tube bundle 25. The tube bundle 25 is supported by a support mechanism 26 provided inside the shell 21 and forms an upper plenum 27 and a lower plenum 28 in respective portions of the upper and lower tube sheets 23, 24. In the region of the tube bundle 25, a primary inlet nozzle 29 is provided in the upper part of the shell, a primary outlet nozzle 30 is provided in the lower part, a secondary inlet nozzle 31 is provided in the lower plenum part, and a secondary outlet nozzle 32 is provided in the upper plenum part. In the intermediate heat exchanger 5 configured as described above, the heating fluid 33 is introduced from the primary input nozzle 39 by an external pump, passes through the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube 22, and flows out from the primary input nozzle. On the other hand, the fluid to be heated 34 is introduced through the secondary inlet nozzle 31 by an external pump, divided into each heat exchanger tube 22 at the lower plenum 28, flows inside each heat exchanger tube 22, and joins at the upper plenum 27. , exits from the secondary inlet nozzle 32. Therefore, in the heat transfer tube bundle 25 portion, the heating fluid 33 and the heated fluid 3
4 become counterflows through the heat transfer wall, and heat is exchanged from the heating fluid 33 side to the heated fluid 34 side.

As described above, in order to operate a conventional intermediate heat exchanger, primary and secondary pumps 4.8 are required as auxiliary equipment. - Because radioactive fluid flows through the secondary cooling system, maintenance of the equipment used in the primary system is extremely difficult. Therefore, high reliability of the equipment is required. In particular, both the primary and secondary mechanical pumps 4.8 have rotating parts and are the devices with the highest potential for trouble. If possible, a simple system omitting such equipment is desired, but as long as a conventional intermediate heat exchanger is used, both the primary and secondary pumps 4.8 are necessary. .

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic flow coupler type heat exchanger that can flow both fluids by driving a pump on one side of the primary or secondary fluid.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention is capable of displacing the force fluid and the secondary fluid by alternately arranging the secondary flow path and the secondary flow path, making the cross-sectional shape of the flow path an annular flow path, and applying a uniform magnetic field from the outer periphery. It has a configuration in which an electromagnetic flow coupler is established, and it is possible to flow both fluids with one pump while serving as both the heat transfer wall necessary for the heat exchanger and the boundary wall of the electromagnetic flow coupler. This is an electromagnetic flow coupler type heat exchanger.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a specific structure of an embodiment of the present invention, in which a cylindrical inner tube 41 is provided at the center of a cylindrical outer tube 40, and an annular flow path 42 is formed by the inner and outer tubes. Cylindrical magnets 43 are arranged in several stages in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 40, and a rod-shaped iron core 44 is provided inside the inner cylinder 41 to form a magnetic generating circuit. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a three-stage magnetic circuit in the axial direction is described as an example. FIG. 2 shows a BB cross section of the annular flow path 42 portion. A plurality of conductive partition plates 45 are provided radially in the annular flow path 42 portion, and the secondary flow path 46 and the secondary flow path 47 are arranged alternately. As shown in FIG. 1, a top plate 48 and a bottom plate 49 are provided at the top and bottom of the outer cylinder 4o, and the partition plate 45 is fixed. . Further, the upper plate 48 and the bottom plate 49 are fixed so that only one of the primary and secondary flow passages 46 and 47 passes through them. In this embodiment, the secondary flow path 47 is penetrated.

An upper plenum portion 5o is provided at the upper portion of the upper plate 48, and is open to a secondary outlet nozzle 51. The lower portion of the bottom plate 49 defines a lower plenum portion 52 which communicates with a secondary inlet nozzle 53 . An upper jacket 54 is provided immediately below the top plate 48 and communicates with a primary inlet nozzle 55, and a lower jacket 56 is provided immediately above the bottom plate 49 and communicates with a primary outlet nozzle 57. A cross section of the jacket section taken along line A-A is shown in FIG. The secondary flow path 47 portion of the jacket portion 56 is partitioned off so that it opens only to the secondary flow path 46 .

A secondary fluid 58, which is liquid sodium, flows in from the secondary inlet nozzle 53 by external force from the secondary pump 8, etc., and is divided into each secondary flow path pipe 47 at the lower plenum portion 52, and flows up each secondary flow path 47 into an upward flow 59. Therefore, each branch flow is connected to the upper plenum section 50.
and flows out from the secondary outlet nozzle 51. In the process of this upward flow 59, the electromagnetic flow coupler function is activated and automatically applies fluid force to the primary fluid 61 of the liquid existing in the primary flow path 46, causing the primary fluid 61 to become a downward flow 60. In other words, an electromagnetic flow coupler type heat exchanger is established in which the primary fluid 61 flows in from the primary inlet nozzle 55, exchanges heat with the secondary fluid 58 in 60 parts of the downward flow, and flows out from the primary outlet nozzle.

Furthermore, the principle of operation will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. Figure 4 illustrates the basic operating principle of an electromagnetic flow coupler. When a force is applied from a perpendicular direction within a common magnetic field (G), the magnetic field (2) and the force
This phenomenon, in which a current (I) is induced in a direction perpendicular to , is a generator section based on Fleming's right-hand rule. A conductor in a magnetic field (6) subjected to a current (I) has a current (I)
A force (g) is generated in the vertical direction perpendicular to and the magnetic field (2). This phenomenon is an electric part based on Fleming's left hand rule. Therefore, an electromagnetic flow coupler is established in which a secondary force in the opposite direction is induced in one conductor by applying an external force such as the secondary pump 8 to one of the conductors existing in the common magnetic field.

This magnetic one-transmission relationship will be explained in comparison with the structure of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the cross-sectional annular flow path shown in FIG. 2. In FIG. 5, for convenience, if the magnetic pole appearing on the surface of the outer circumferential magnet 43 in FIG. 5 is taken as the axis, the magnetic pole of the central iron core 44 is (S).
Assume that Therefore, magnetic flux 62 exists radially from the periphery toward the center core 44 . The annular flow path is divided into a plurality of parts by a partition plate 45, the secondary flow path 47 and the secondary flow path 46 are arranged alternately, and the secondary fluid of the upward flow 59 (■ mark) is now pumped to the secondary pump 8, etc. When flowing in the secondary flow path 46 due to an external force, a current proportional to the flow velocity is generated in the secondary flow path 46 part in the annular flow path, and each current is combined to form a loop current 6 coaxial with the annular flow path.
3 is formed. Primary flow path 47 adjacent to secondary flow path 46
The conductive fluid such as liquid sodium present in the magnetic flux 6
2 receives this loop current 63 to generate a flow force of a downward flow 60 (indicated by ■) in the opposite direction to that of the secondary fluid. Each −
The fluid forces generated in the secondary flow path 47 are combined and become the overall pumping force of the primary fluid 61.

FIG. 6 illustrates the relationship between the magnetic circuit and the current circuit in an axial cross section of the present invention. In the embodiment, an example is described in which three stages of magnets 46 are provided in the axial direction, but by arranging the magnetic pole directions as N-8°S-N and N-8 as shown in the figure, each magnetic flux direction can be changed. be synthesized. Therefore, the magnetic flux distribution in the axial direction exhibits maximum magnetic flux densities of opposite polarity at the magnetic pole portions.

When the driving fluid flows through the annular flow path portion, a loop current 63 is generated which becomes maximum at each magnetic pole portion. Also, this loop current 63 is induced in opposite directions at the maximum point of each magnetic flux density, but since the magnetic field 62 and loop current 63 are both in opposite directions, the relative direction of the force will change. There isn't. Therefore, the bump caused by the electromagnetic flow coupler occurs not only in the radial direction but also in the entire 1111 direction.

In this way, a heat transfer effect is obtained over the entire surface of the heat transfer wall by the partition plate 45, and an electromagnetic flow coupler type heat exchanger is established in which the electromagnetic flow coupler effect operates effectively.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the annular flow path shape can be used to improve the magnetic field, flow and direction of the fluid, which are necessary for the operation of the electromagnetic flow coupler, as well as the direction of the fluid flow during heat exchange. Since the heat flow direction and the heat flow direction all match reasonably, it is possible to integrate the electromagnetic pump and heat exchanger without the need for a special electrode structure.

Figure 9 shows a modification of the structure of the heat transfer wall section.
The partition plate 45, which is the boundary between the secondary flow path 46 and the secondary flow path 47, is made corrugated to expand the heat transfer area and increase the amount of heat exchanged. This is designed to absorb thermal expansion caused by an increase in the temperature of the secondary fluid and a temperature difference between the secondary fluid and the secondary fluid. Although this modification can achieve the same effects as the characteristics described in the previous embodiment, the manufacturing process, such as machining the corrugated partition plate, will require some effort.

FIG. 10 shows another modification of the heat transfer wall structure. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is that a circular heat transfer tube 64 is used instead of a flat heat transfer wall.
- This is an example in which the secondary flow path 46 is inside the tube and the secondary flow path 47 is inside the shell outside the tube. The aim of this modification is also to increase the heat transfer area and increase the amount of heat exchanged. The overall structure is similar to a conventional shell-fist-and-tube heat exchanger, but part of the current generated in the electromagnetic flow coupler leaks through the heat transfer tube wall, resulting in a reactive current component that does not contribute to the pump driving force. 1 The ratio of this loss is determined by the electrical resistance of the heat transfer wall, which is determined by the tube material and tube dimensions, and the electrical resistance of the conductive fluid inside the heat transfer tube. It is determined by the ratio of Generally, when liquid sodium is used as the fluid, SUS-based pipe material is used for the heat transfer tube.

Now, if SUS 3041BSch 2OS (outer diameter 3.8 cm, inner diameter 2.s cm) is used as the heat transfer tube, the loss current will be about 5%.

Therefore, the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 and the embodiments shown in FIGS.
The embodiment shown in the figure has a highly efficient configuration with less loss current.

As explained above, according to each embodiment, by making the flow path annular and applying a uniform magnetic field from the surroundings, the force sensing field, current, and fluid flow direction necessary for the operation of the electromagnetic flow coupler can be theoretically adjusted. In addition, since both fluids can flow in opposite directions through the heat transfer wall surface necessary for the heat exchanger, an electromagnetic flow kagura function can be established over the entire heat transfer wall surface. In addition, since no special electrode structure is required, it is possible to obtain a heat exchanger that generates a pump function in the secondary system by matching the flow in the secondary system with a simple structure. .

In particular, when the primary fluid of a nuclear reactor is flowed by a non-mechanical pumping action using an electromagnetic flow coupler', maintenance is easy because there is no need to install a mechanical pump in the flow path system for the primary fluid that handles radioactive fluid. Not only is the system simple, but the electrical system connected to the pump can also be largely omitted. In addition, since reliability of flow is important in a nuclear reactor, the primary system fluid is made to flow with the primary system bomb 4 so that the flow of the primary system fluid can be ensured even if the secondary system pump 8 stops moving. It is also easily possible to construct a nuclear reactor system that also has a system.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, one pump in both the primary and secondary fluid flow path systems is used to cause both the primary and secondary flow paths to flow and exchange heat through the heat transfer wall surface. The effect can be achieved by driving.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is an operational diagram of an embodiment of the present invention showing the principle of FIG. 4 applied to the configuration of FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of magnetic and current paths in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. The figure is a vertical sectional view of the schematic structure of a conventional heat exchanger, FIG. 8 is a flow path system diagram of a conventional fast reactor cooling system, and FIG. 9 is a plan sectional view of a partition plate, which is a modification of the present invention. , FIG. 10 is a plan cross-sectional view of a partition plate in another modification of the present invention, in which a tubular partition plate is used. 8... Secondary bonder, 40... Outer cylinder, 41... Inner cylinder, 42... Annular flow path, 43... Magnet, 44...
Iron core, 45... Partition plate, 46...-Current path, 47.
...Secondary flow path, 48...Top plate, 49...Bottom plate, 50
... Upper Blenheim part, 51 ... Secondary outlet nozzle, 5
2... Lower plenum part, 53... Secondary inlet nozzle,
54... Upper jacket, 55...-Blowing nozzle, 56... Lower jacket, 57...-Blowing nozzle, 58... Secondary fluid, 59... Upflow, 60...
・Downward flow, 61... - next fluid, 62... Magnetic flux, 63
...Loop current, 64...Heat transfer tube. Agent Patent attorney Akira Takahashi f, U1 High 1 Kuchi 7 Kuchi mo 3 (2) Mo 40 Uns Kuchi C? No. - 躬 1z η δ Kuchi mo ′ / B Procedural amendment (voluntary) Secret ii'f I-i Director Michibu Uga, 1'1 Large and Small Patent Application No. 151585 of 1980 Name of Invention Heat Exchange Device Agent 1,...: 1++n) Marunouchi, 114th Ward, F, Tokyo --] 155 Please refer to the attached sheet for the contents of each column and drawing supplement. 1. Add the following sentence between the 14th line and the 15th line of the 7th page of the specification. "In order to pass through this secondary flow path 47, the top plate 48 and the bottom plate 4
For example, in the case of the bottom plate 49, as shown in FIG. Another modification is one in which a wave-shaped partition plate 45 that partitions the space between the magnet 43 and the iron core 44 in FIG. 9 is arranged in an annular direction. A continuous wave-shaped partition plate 70 arranged in an annular direction is inserted between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 41 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 41, and the contact portions of the wave-shaped partition plate 70 and the walls of the container cylinders 40 and 41 are welded and joined. The primary flow path 46 and the secondary flow path 47 are divided.According to this embodiment, in addition to the effects obtained in the previous embodiment shown in FIG. The advantage is that the amount of deformation is also reduced.'' 3. The ``is'' written in the 10th line of page 15 of the specification is changed to [, Fig. 11 shows a partition according to yet another modification of the present invention. A plan sectional view of the plate portion, FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line C-c in FIG. 1. 64, No. 20 on page 15 of the specification
"Heat exchanger tube." written in the row 1 is [Heat exchanger tube, 7o/partition plate. ” Correct. 5. Add Figures 1 and 12 attached to the drawings, and correct Figure 1 of the drawings to the attached Figure 1. Above / Maro tl Ward No. 72

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat exchange device in which a primary fluid and a secondary fluid, which are electrically conductive fluids, are separated by a heat transfer wall, and the two fluids exchange heat via the heat transfer wall while flowing. The heat exchanger is characterized by comprising a fluid drive device provided in one of the fluid flow paths of each of the fluids, and a magnetic field generating device arranged to generate a magnetic flux between the outer periphery and the center of the heat exchanger. heat exchange equipment. 2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generating device is comprised of an iron core disposed at one of the center and outer periphery of the heat exchanger, and a magnet disposed at the other. Device. 3. The heat exchange device according to claim 2, wherein the heat transfer wall is a partition plate having a conductive structure extending from the center of the heat exchanger to the outer periphery. 4. The heat exchange device according to claim 3, wherein the partition plate has a wave-like cross-sectional shape. 5. The heat exchange device according to claim 2, wherein the heat transfer wall is a tubular member disposed in a region between the center and the outer circumference of the heat exchanger.