JPS6128576A - Thawing and antifreezing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a thawing agent which has an excellent antifreezing effect and does not give any damage to plants, consisting of calcium chloride as a principal ingredient and magnesium chloride as an accessory constituent. CONSTITUTION:A thawing agent (antifreezing agent) consists of 70-95wt% calcium chloride (A) and 30-5wt% magnesium chloride (B) and does not contain common salt. If desired, not more than 5wt% soluble potassium salt (e.g. potassium chloride) and not more than 2wt% phosphate salt (e.g. sodium phsphate) may be added. Pref. the thawing agent is in the form of a granule having a particle size of 1-8mm. and a flake having a thickness of 0.5-2mm..

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Application of the Invention) The present invention is applicable to frozen or snow-covered roads, roofs, roads,
The present invention relates to an anti-freezing agent and a snow-melting agent for effectively preventing or removing snow from accumulating on farmland, etc., and particularly to a snow-melting and anti-freezing agent that has great snow melting and anti-freezing effects and has almost no phytotoxicity to plants.

(Background of the Invention) Since Japan is located close to the eastern line of the Eurasian continent, its climate is characterized by colder winters compared to regions located on the western side of the continent, relative to its latitude.

For this reason, roads often freeze during winter, causing not only traffic congestion but also serious traffic accidents.

In addition, in the Ura-Japan region and mountainous areas, large amounts of water vapor evaporated from the Sea of Japan heated by the warm currents from the islands is cooled by the cold westerly winds from the continent and becomes snow, resulting in large amounts of snow.
This snow does not melt until late spring, making it virtually impossible to carry out agricultural work, leading to soaring prices due to traffic disruptions and settlements, large amounts of snow removal costs required to remove snow from roads and roofs, and further damage caused by snow accumulation and freezing. Traffic accidents and house collapse; tL+-,,
Avalanches cause great damage both physically and mentally, including loss of human life, and in turn impede the economic development of these regions.

(Prior art and its drawbacks) The most widely used method today as a countermeasure against snow accumulation and freezing is to spray crude calcium chloride produced as a by-product using the Solvigny method (ammonia fist soda method). Since this crude calcium chloride contains at most over 70% calcium chloride, its antifreeze and snow melting effects are relatively low, and it is not effective unless it is frequently sprayed. Moreover, the large amount of spraying causes phytotoxicity to plants and freshwater fish and shellfish. For this reason, in practice, calcium chloride is only sprayed on main roads, etc., but it still causes serious damage to trees in median strips and roadside strips. The only way to reduce this chemical damage is to actively flush the trees with water before they emerge from hibernation in early spring, but large-scale flushing along the entire length of long-distance roads is not recommended due to water availability, labor costs, and other reasons. Very difficult. For this reason, the road management organization is busy replanting dead trees, spending a huge amount of money every year.

Although the drawbacks of known snow-melting agents have been outlined above, with a focus on phytotoxicity to plants, known snow-melting agents also have the disadvantage of being susceptible to rust, which cannot be overlooked. For this reason, if a vehicle has been driven on a road surface where the snow melting agent has been sprayed, the service life of the vehicle will be shortened unless the vehicle is thoroughly washed with water afterwards. This is also a cause of confusion for car users in terms of time and cost.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention improves the composition of conventional calcium chloride-based snow melting agents (hereinafter referred to as "antifreezing agents" together), thereby achieving a greater antifreezing effect. Moreover, the main objective is to provide a new snow-melting agent that does not cause any phytotoxic effects on plants. As an additional object of the present invention, it is difficult to cause rust on metals such as iron, and it has excellent durability.
The aim is to provide a snow melting agent that helps plants grow.

(Means for Solving Problems; Structure) The present inventor focused on the shortcomings of known calcium chloride-based snow melting agents, and as a result of intensive research into improving them, found that calcium chloride itself has almost no negative effects on plants. However, it was confirmed that the conventional Solvay method calcium chloride is inevitably contaminated with common salt, and that this salt is harmful to plants. When they investigated the effects of magnesium chloride, which has a higher heat of solution than calcium chloride, on plants, they found that it not only had almost no effect, but also had the effect of promoting plant growth. Based on these findings, the present invention relates to the use of calcium chloride and/or magnesium chloride, which are substantially free of common salt, as a snow melting agent. The experimental results that formed the basis of this knowledge are shown below as Tables 1 and 2 and FIG. 1.

In addition, the above-mentioned "substantially no salt" means excluding unavoidable trace amounts of contaminant salt that comes from impurities in the raw material limestone or marble. (Left below) As shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 above, the exothermic properties of the composition substantially depend on the amount ratio of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, and sodium sulfate, potassium hydrogen phosphate,
It is not substantially affected by the presence of subcomponents such as ferrous chloride and aluminium chloride-11. What should be noted in particular is that the heat generation is not temporary but lasts for a long time (see Table 1). Furthermore, according to Table 2, in the cultivation test of Physcomitrella sinensis, conventional impure calcium chloride is clearly harmful to the growth of young seedlings, but the present invention, which is made of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride as main ingredients and does not contain salt, The compositions are of course harmless to plant larvae even at high cumulative concentrations, and compositions containing magnesium chloride have been found to be particularly effective in promoting plant growth.

This is interpreted to be because the magnesium content in magnesium chloride promotes the synthesis of chlorophyll, but this result is actually extremely significant and also a surprising result.

Calci chloride and rum, which do not contain salt, can be easily produced using limestone and hydrochloric acid, which are abundant throughout Japan, according to the chemical equation below.

CaC0++2HCI=CaGl, +H20+C(4t
During this reaction, a small amount of hydrochloric acid-soluble impurity 1 in the limestone
For example, iron, magnesium, aluminum, etc. are eluted in the form of chlorides, but as the above experimental results show, the presence of these impurities does not pose a practical problem.

Magnesium chloride, which does not contain salt, can be obtained by reacting magnesia with chlorine in the presence of carbon.
Others, carnalit (MgCI, KCl6H20)
Impurities contaminated with magnesia obtained by heating the hexahydrate separated from the hexahydrate may also be used.

Calcium chloride, which is one of the main ingredients in the snow melting agent of the present invention, has approximately 18
It generates a heat of melting of Kcal, and its mixture with snow or ice does not freeze down to -45°C. Magnesium chloride, which is another main ingredient, not only produces about twice the heat of solution as the former, but also has the effect of promoting plant growth as described above.

Therefore, in the present invention, either of the two may be used alone, but considering the price of both and the growth promoting effect on plants, currently calcium chloride is used as the main ingredient, and an appropriate amount of magnesium chloride is added. Is it preferable to do so?

Examples of auxiliary components other than the two components listed in 42 above include soluble potassium salts, iron salts, phosphates, aluminum salts, potassium salts, sulfates, nitrates, ammonium salts, etc. For example, ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, alumina chloride, potassium sulfate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate,
Examples include magnesium sulfate. Among these compounds, compounds such as ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, potassium hydrogen phosphate, and magnesium sulfate generate heat of dissolution, so they not only do not reduce the effect of the main ingredient, but also have nutritional effects on plants. It is useful for the purpose because it plays. In particular, phosphates are preferable because they not only improve acidic soil through their buffering effect, but also prevent vehicles from rusting through their rust-preventing effect.

In addition to the above-mentioned auxiliary components, reactive components such as lime and iron powder may also be added as desired. These components react with oxygen or water and generate a large amount of heat of reaction, so they are useful components for the purpose, but they have the disadvantage that they are not soluble in water and produce residues. However, when an auxiliary component that reacts with water to generate hydrochloric acid, such as aluminum chloride, is used, lime is a necessary auxiliary component as a neutralizing agent for the hydrochloric acid.

Potassium chloride combines with magnesium chloride hexahydrate to form carnalite. The roasted product is a mixture of magnesium chloride and potassium chloride that contains a considerable amount of magnesia, but it may be added to the composition as long as it is small enough not to form magnesia cement.

Furthermore, if desired, inexpensive radiant heat absorbers such as coal shell powder, smoky charcoal powder, charcoal powder, various dyes or pigments, etc. can be included. These colored granules not only allow the sprayer to visually measure the amount of sprayed, but also have the advantage of absorbing much more radiant heat than white granules alone, promoting the melting of snow.

The composition according to the present invention may be in crystalline or powdered form, but
In order to increase sustainability, it is preferable to use it in granular form.

The granular composition has a slightly inferior immediate effect but is long-lasting, so if it is sprayed before snowfall or freezing, it will prevent snow accumulation or freezing for a long time. The size of the granules is usually 1~
8), but in particular a mixture of various particle sizes with different average particle sizes provides a suitable product that has both immediate action and long-lasting properties.

On the other hand, flake products with a thickness of about 0.5 to 2+ am are suitable for application to sloped surfaces such as roofs and slopes, and are much more durable than simple powder or crystal products. rich in

A small amount of binder (paste agent) may be added to the above granular or flake composition as necessary. Preferred binders are inexpensive materials such as, for example, starch paste, soy whey or milk whey concentrate, sulfite half liquor waste, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, blackstrap molasses or dextrin. The amount of water for dissolving or dispersing the sizing agent should be kept as small as possible to avoid hydrochlorination of the ingredients. In addition, when forming a water-reactive component such as aluminum chloride or lime into granules or flakes, the degree of oxygenation is 38 to 38, for example.
An alcohol-soluble glue such as 43% methylcellulose may be used. The use of this non-aqueous solvent is also recommended during general granulation in order to avoid hydrochlorination.

Example To 800 g of crude calcilyl chloride [2] made from marble hydrochloric acid, 150 g of magnesium chloride, 20 g of magnesium sulfate, log potassium hydrogen phosphate, IO g of ammonium sulfate, and 5 g of ferrous chloride were added using a small trommel in dry air. Grind and mix thoroughly using

The above mixed powder was placed in a small onion-shaped granule making machine, and a total of 100 ml of 5% hydroxyethyl cellulose solution was gradually added dropwise while blowing dry hot air while rotating and drying to obtain 1000 g of granular product. I got it.

Next, the mixed granules obtained above were mixed into 1m+a and 5mum.
985 g of a mixed granular product having a diameter of 1v11 or more and less than 5+am was obtained. This product has approximately twice the calorific value compared to conventional calcium chloride-based snow melting agents, is easy to weigh and handle as is, and has excellent snow melting properties that are both fast-acting and slow-acting, and are chemical-free. However, by further classifying it, it can be made into particles with an appropriate particle size depending on the purpose.

Incidentally, although the above products are unsuitable for application to farmland or fields before sowing, they have a remarkable growth-promoting effect on seedlings once they have germinated. It is characterized by a marked increase in .

Note) Analysis value of crude calcium chloride cation anion Ca: 28.8% (, Q: 53.8%N
a: 0.07 So: 0.0
1Mg:<0.01 Pb:<0.01 (Effects) As explained above, the present invention is important in the public interest in that it can provide a snow melting agent that has great snow melting and antifreezing effects and is chemically harmless at a low cost. It has great significance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount ratio of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride and exothermic property. Me1 口OQ)l Ill2 (IF5 0m G[15
(lffl 007 Ill (li19 Q
IOQu Qu2 Qu8. Qu4 Q15
Tehaseuriji Fuseisho (self-initiated) 1 Indication of the case 1982 Patent application 1 [5] No. 680 2 Name of the invention Snow melting and l/I anti-setting agent 3 Relationship with the case of a person who makes nemesi 1 series Address of patent application 1-20-14 Higashinakajima, Higashiyodoyo-ku, Osaka Name Name: Daido Co., Ltd. 1 Table 1 Fukunaga Hosaku 4 Agent 6 Number of inventions/rules increased due to the amendment 07 Subject of amendment <1) Specification 8. “Claim 7. Scope” 1<2)
Clarification: 1z8 of ``1lBI+7>r Detailed Description of the Invention'' Contents of the Amendment Revised Specification 1, Name of the Invention Snow Melting and Antifreezing Agent 2, Claim 1] Contains calcium chloride as a main component and is substantially salt. A snow melting and antifreezing agent characterized in that it does not contain. (2) Snow melting and antifreezing agent according to claim 1, which contains magnesium chloride as an auxiliary component.IJ Claim 1 or 2, which contains phosphates and/or soluble potassium salt as an auxiliary component The snow melting and antifreezing agent according to claim 1. +41 The snow melting and antifreezing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the agent is in the form of granules. [5] The agent has a different average particle size. The snow melting and antifreezing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the agent is in the form of flakes. Anti-freezing agent. 3. Detailed description of the invention (field of application of the invention)
The present invention relates to an anti-freezing agent and a snow-melting agent for effectively preventing or removing snow from accumulating on farmland, etc., and particularly to a snow-melting and anti-freezing agent that has great snow melting and anti-freezing effects and has almost no phytotoxicity to plants. (Background of the Invention) Since Japan is located close to the eastern line of the Eurasian continent, its climate is characterized by colder winters compared to regions located on the western side of the continent, relative to its latitude. For this reason, roads often freeze during winter, causing not only traffic congestion but also serious traffic accidents. Furthermore, in the Ura-Japan region and mountainous areas, large amounts of water vapor evaporated from the Sea of Japan heated by the associated warm currents are cooled by the cold westerly winds from the continent, forming a large amount of snow, but this snow does not melt until late spring. In addition to making agricultural work virtually impossible, there are also soaring prices due to traffic interruptions and congestion, the huge expense of removing snow from roads and roofs, and traffic accidents and the collapse of houses due to snow accumulation and ice. Avalanches cause great damage both physically and mentally, including loss of human life, and in turn impede the economic development of these regions. (Prior art and its drawbacks) As a countermeasure against snow accumulation and freezing, the method that is still widely used today is to spray crude calcium chloride produced by the Soluny method (ammonia soda method). However, since this crude calcium chloride contains at most over 70% calcium chloride, its antifreeze and snow melting effects are relatively low, and it is not effective unless it is frequently sprayed. Moreover, the large amount of spraying causes phytotoxicity to plants and freshwater fish and shellfish. For this reason, in practice, calcium chloride is only sprayed on main roads, etc., but even so, the chemical damage to trees in median strips and roadside strips is severe.To reduce this chemical damage, it is necessary to The only option is to actively flush the trees with water before they emerge from hibernation in early spring, but it is extremely difficult to flush the entire length of a long-distance road on a large scale due to water availability, labor costs, and other reasons. °For this reason, road management agencies are busy replanting dead trees, spending huge amounts of money every year. Although the drawbacks of known snow-melting agents have been outlined above, with a focus on phytotoxicity to plants, known snow-melting agents also have the disadvantage of being susceptible to rust, which cannot be overlooked. For this reason, if a vehicle has been driven on a road surface where the snow melting agent has been sprayed, the service life of the vehicle will be shortened unless the vehicle is thoroughly washed with water afterwards. This is also a cause of confusion for car users in terms of time and cost. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention improves the composition of conventional calcium chloride-based snow melting agents (hereinafter referred to as "antifreezing agents" together), thereby achieving a greater antifreezing effect. Furthermore, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel snow-melting agent that does not cause chemical harm to plants.An additional purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel snow-melting agent that does not easily cause rust on metals such as iron, and is sustainable. Excellent, and
The aim is to provide a snow melting agent that helps plants grow. (Means for solving the problem) The present inventor focused on the shortcomings of known calcium chloride-based snow melting agents, and conducted intensive research into improving them. As a result, calcium chloride itself has almost no harmful effects on plants. However, it was confirmed that the conventional Solvay method calcium chloride is inevitably contaminated with salt, and this salt is harmful to plants.Therefore, we proceeded to use magnesium chloride, which has a higher heat of solution than calcium chloride. When we investigated the effect of chloride on plants, we found that it had only a small effect, or even had the effect of promoting plant growth when used in small amounts. When we investigated the effects of potassium chloride and phosphates, we found that the former has the same effect as magnesium chloride in promoting plant growth, and phosphates have the effect of significantly suppressing rust caused by calcium chloride. Based on these findings, the present invention relates to the use of lucium chloride, which is substantially free of salt, as a snow melting agent, optionally together with magnesium chloride, soluble potassium salts and/or phosphates. The experimental results that formed the basis of this knowledge are shown in Tables 1 to 4 below.
Table and section iv! Note that "substantially no salt is contained" mentioned above means excluding unavoidable trace amounts of contaminant salt that comes from impurities in the raw material limestone or marble. (Space below) (Continued from Table 3) (Space below) As shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 above, the exothermic property of the composition substantially depends on the ratio of calcium chloride to magnesium chloride. , sodium sulfate, potassium or sodium hydrogen phosphate, ferrous chloride, aluminum chloride, potassium chloride, manganese chloride, copper sulfate and the like. What should be noted in particular is that the heat generation is not temporary, but persists for a long time (see Table 1)e Furthermore, according to Table 2, in cultivation tests of Kaiware radish, conventional impure calcium chloride is clearly harmful to the growth of young seedlings, but the composition of the present invention, which is based on calcium chloride and does not contain salt, is of course harmless to plant larvae even at high cumulative concentrations. Compositions containing magnesium or even potassium chloride salts have been found to be effective in promoting plant growth. This is interpreted to be because the magnesium content in magnesium chloride promotes the synthesis of chlorophyll, and the potassium content in potassium chloride helps root growth, but the concentration of calcium chloride (and magnesium chloride) is high. This result below is, on the one hand, a surprising fact, and at the same time, it is a fact of extremely practical significance. Furthermore, Table 3 shows that the presence of small amounts of phosphates, especially sodium phosphoric acid, substantially suppresses the strong rusting ability of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and potassium chloride. It will be done. It is well known that phosphates are effective in preventing rust, but it is a fact that is difficult to explain that they exhibit a strong anti-rust effect at high salt concentrations such as in this experiment. Note that, as is clear from the comparison between Tables 3 and 4, sodium dihydrogen phosphate has a more excellent antirust ability than the corresponding potassium salt. Calcium chloride, which does not contain salt, can be easily produced using limestone and hydrochloric acid, which are abundant throughout Japan, according to the chemical equation below. CaCO3+2 HCI = CaCl2+
H2O+ GO2↑According to the above formula, calcium chloride should theoretically be obtained in the form of a -hydrate salt, but in reality, due to the large amount of water contained in hydrochloric acid, it is obtained as a polyhydrate salt such as a hexahydrate salt. obtained in the form of Therefore, for use in the present invention,
It is necessary to dehydrate by heating, preferably to an anhydrous salt, or at most to a dihydrate (the heat of dissolution of calcium chloride decreases as the water content increases, and hexahydrate salt absorbs heat when dissolved). ). During this reaction, small amounts of hydrochloric acid-soluble impurities in the limestone, such as iron, magnesium, and aluminum, are eluted in the form of chlorides, but the presence of these impurities is due to the above experimental results. This poses no practical problem. Magnesium chloride that does not contain salt can be obtained by reacting magnesia with chlorine in the presence of carbon.
An impurity containing magnesium obtained by heating the hexahydrate separated from the hexahydrate may be used, or carnalite itself may be used as long as a slight decrease in calorific value is acceptable. Calcium chloride (anhydrous salt), which is the main component in the snow melting agent of the present invention, generates a heat of dissolution of approximately 18 KCal when 1 mole thereof is dissolved in 800 moles of water, and its mixture with snow or ice is -45 °C Do not freeze until Magnesium chloride, which is a subcomponent, not only generates about twice the heat of solution as the former, but also has the effect of promoting plant growth in appropriate amounts (however, in large amounts it is harmful). The composition of the invention preferably contains magnesium chloride as a minor component in addition to calcium chloride as a major component, and may further contain soluble potassium salts and/or phosphates as auxiliary components if necessary. Preferably, the phosphates include, for example, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, etc.; and the soluble potassium salts include, for example, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, etc. Examples may be given, but of course the invention is not limited to these. The blending ratio of each of the above components can vary widely depending on the purpose. Experimentally, an isostatic compound of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride may be used, which increases the total calorific value by about -1/2 times that of calcium chloride alone, but 1
．． If the latter amount is too large, there is a risk of phytotoxicity to plants, so in practice, the basic composition is 70 to 95% by weight of calcium chloride (the same applies hereinafter) and 5 to 30% of magnesium chloride (total 100%). It is preferable to add soluble potassium salts, phosphates, etc. as auxiliary ingredients. Phosphates, especially alkali metal salts of phosphoric acid, not only improve acidic soil through their buffering effect, but also prevent vehicles from rusting through their rust-preventing effect, so they are used as ingredients in snow-melting agents for farmland. It is preferable. Soluble potassium salts, such as potassium chloride, account for 1% of the total composition.
Although it may be present in an amount of 0% or more, since it absorbs heat when dissolved in water, the presence of a large amount of it reduces the original performance of the snow melting agent. Therefore, this component must be present at 5% or less in the total composition.
Phosphate salts are also sufficient in small amounts up to 2% of the total composition. In addition to the above-mentioned components, additional components such as aluminum salts, nitrates, ammonium salts, and trace minerals may be added as desired. Specific examples include ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, etc. , aluminum chloride,
These include ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate, ammonium sulfate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, copper sulfate, manganese chloride, cobalt chloride, boric acid, or borax. Among these compounds, compounds such as ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, and magnesium sulfate generate heat of dissolution, so
They are useful not only because they do not reduce the effect of the base ingredient, but also because they themselves have a nutritional effect on plants. Minor components such as copper, manganese, cobalt, and boron are also added as required in soluble forms such as copper sulfate, manganese chloride, cobalt chloride, boric acid or borax. However, even if the compound is insoluble in water, such as cupric or cupric hydroxide, its water solubility can be increased by adding it together with a chelator substance such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. However, since these trace elements exist in ordinary soil, they do not necessarily have to be incorporated into the snow melting agent. In addition to the above components, reactive components such as lime and iron powder may also be added as desired. These components react with oxygen or water and generate a large amount of heat of reaction, so they are useful components for the purpose, but they have the disadvantage that they are not soluble in water and produce residues. However, when an auxiliary component that reacts with water to generate hydrochloric acid, such as aluminum chloride, is used, lime is a necessary auxiliary component as a neutralizing agent for the hydrochloric acid. Soluble potassium salts combine with hydrochloric salts of magnesium chloride to form the mineral carnalite. Even if this is roasted,
It is a mixture of magnesium chloride and a soluble potassium salt that contains a significant amount of magnesia, but may be added to the composition in small amounts so as not to form a magnesia cement. Furthermore, if desired, inexpensive radiant heat absorbers such as coal shell powder, smoky charcoal bundles, and charcoal powder, and various colorants or pigments may be included. These colored granules not only allow the sprayer to visually measure the amount of sprayed, but also have the advantage of absorbing much more radiant heat than white granules alone, promoting the melting of snow. The composition according to the present invention may further contain, if desired, inexpensive radiant heat absorbers such as coal shell powder, smoky charcoal bundles, charcoal powder, various colorants or pigments, and the like. These colored granules allow sprayers to visually measure the amount of spraying, and also
Compared to white granules alone, they have the advantage of absorbing much more radiant heat and promoting the melting of snow. Typical examples of inorganic pigments include yellow lead, zinc yellow, cadmium yellow, navel yellow, Hitomi ± (more than yellow), Bengara, red lead, cadmium red,
Vermilion (more red), Mars purple, Nuremberg purple, cobalt purple (more purple), ultramarine, Berlin blue, cobalt blue (more blue), chromium grade, chromium oxide, cobalt green, peacock powder (more green), etc. be. Many organic dyes, such as auramine, Persian orange, eosin, rhodamine, methyl violet, malachite green, Victorian medium blue, etc., can also be used as pigments, either neat or by lake formation. In the invention, these pigments or dyes can be freely selected depending on the purpose, but it is wise to avoid toxic heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, and azo dyes from consideration of toxicity and carcinogenicity. The composition according to the present invention may be in crystalline or powdered form, but
In order to increase sustainability, it is preferably in granular form. Although granular compositions are somewhat inferior in immediate effect (hereinafter referred to as margins), they are long-lasting, so if sprayed before snowfall or freezing, they will prevent snow accumulation or freezing for a long period of time. In other words, when sprayed on a snowy or frozen surface, it melts and generates heat and sinks into the snow or water, but since the specific heat of snow and ice is small, the amount of heat is conserved and it has a sustained snow- or ice-melting effect. play. The size of the granules is usually selected from the range of 1 to 8 mm in diameter, but in particular mixtures of various particle sizes with different average particle sizes,
It is a suitable product that has both immediate and long-lasting effects. On the other hand, flake products with a thickness of about 0.5 to 2 mm are suitable for application to sloped surfaces such as roofs and slopes, and are far more durable than simple powder or crystal products. rich in A small amount of a binder (sizing agent) may be added to the granular or flaky composition as required. Preferred binders are inexpensive materials such as starch paste, soy whey or milk whey concentrate, sulfite valve waste, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, blackstrap molasses or dextrin. The amount of water for dissolving or dispersing the sizing agent should be kept as small as possible to avoid hydrochlorination of the ingredients. When forming water-reactive components such as aluminum chloride or lime into granules or flakes, it is recommended to use an alcohol-soluble sizing agent such as methyl cellulose with a degree of methoxylation of 38 to 43%. good. The use of this non-aqueous solvent is also recommended during general granulation in order to avoid hydrous salt formation. Example: Crude calcium chloride made from marble scraps and hydrochloric acid [2]
] 800 g, 150 g of magnesium chloride, 20 g of magnesium sulfate, 10 g of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 10 g of ammonium sulfate, and 5 g of ferrous chloride were thoroughly ground and mixed in dry air using a small trommel. The above mixed powder is placed in a small onion-shaped granule making machine, and a total amount of 1001 5z hydroxyethyl cellulose solution is gradually added dropwise while blowing dry warm air, while rotating and drying to obtain a granular product with 1000 I got g. Next, the above mixed granules were sieved using 1 mm and 5 m11 sections to obtain 985 g of a mixed granular product having a diameter of 1 mm mm or more and 5 m+ droplets. This product has approximately twice the calorific value compared to conventional calcium chloride-based snow melting agents, is easy to weigh and handle as it is, and has excellent chemical toxicity with both immediate and delayed effects. This is a snow melting agent, but by further classifying it, it can be made into particles with an appropriate particle size depending on the purpose. Incidentally, although the above products are unsuitable for application to farmland or fields before sowing, they have a remarkable growth-promoting effect on seedlings once they have germinated. It is characterized by a marked increase in . In addition, in the composition of this example, when the same amount of potassium chloride is added instead of magnesium sulfate, it exhibits an even better growth promoting effect on young seedlings. Note) Analysis value of crude calcium chloride Cation Anion Ca: 28.8% CJJ: 53.6
%Na: 0.07% SOa: 0.01
%Mg: <0.01% Pb: <0.01% (Effect) As explained above, the present invention can provide a snow melting agent that has a large snow melting and freezing effect and is chemically harmless at a low cost. It has important significance in the public interest. 4. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount/ratio of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride and the exothermic property. Patent applicant: Daido Co., Ltd. Hoshosho (spontaneous) 1] Bf [August 22, 159

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] [1] A snow melting and antifreezing agent characterized by containing calcium chloride and/or magnesium chloride as a main component and containing substantially no salt. [2] The snow melting and antifreezing agent according to claim 1, wherein the agent is in the form of granules. [3] The snow melting and antifreezing agent according to claim 2, wherein the agent is a mixture of multiple types of granules having different average particle sizes. [4] The snow melting and antifreezing agent according to claim 1, wherein the agent is in the form of flakes. [5] Claim 1 in which the agent contains a small amount of phosphates
The snow melting and antifreezing agent according to any one of Items 1 to 4.