JPS61271924A - Grain storage method in silo - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a grain storage method in a silo.

(Prior Art) Conventional country elevators simply store the harvested grain at the foot of the silo, and there is no company that cools or ventilates the air in the air layer above the silo.

(Problems to be resolved by the invention) If the air in the air layer above the silo is not cooled or ventilated as in the past, stable storage will occur if the upper part of the silo is held during storage. However, when the outside temperature drops in the fall and winter to below the dew point temperature of the air in the upper air layer of the silo, condensation forms on the inner wall of the silo, wetting the grain and causing it to deteriorate. This phenomenon becomes more pronounced as the difference between outside air temperature and grain temperature increases and as the air layer above the silo increases. In order to avoid this, a sheet or cloth is laid in order to dialysis between the surface of the grain layer and the upper air layer, but the work is complicated and must be done inside a silo. Not only that, but there was also the risk of oxygen deficiency due to the respiration of the grains, so this was not desirable.

Further, in spring and summer, when the outside air temperature rises, the temperature of the air in the upper air layer of the silo rises, and so does the grain temperature. At this time, the upper layer of the grain that is in contact with the air layer is particularly susceptible. This is because in silos where some of the stored grain has been removed during storage, there is a large air layer above the silo, and in addition to this, high temperature outside air also enters the silo, which is particularly susceptible to the effects of sinking. . When grain temperature rises, deterioration and the occurrence of pests and diseases increase, leading to a decline in quality.

Rotation (t
A) is commonly used.

However, frequent rotations increase costs and damage to the grain. Well, taa-
It cannot be done when the outside temperature is higher than the grain temperature. 11! As in J, it is impossible to do this even in high humidity because the hygroscopic effect occurs. Furthermore, there is a difference in temperature between the grains located on the south and north sides of the silo, so care must be taken.

So, let's start! Company A aims to provide a storage system that fully controls the air in the upper air layer to minimize the number of rotations and enables stable storage for a long period of time without degrading grain quality. It is something.

(Means for solving the problem) The present inventor has developed a ninth improved N7t product to achieve the above object, which is placed in a silo with 5llffi, formed an air layer on top of it, and formed an air layer on the top of the silo. The present invention is also a method for storing grains in a tier, which is characterized by storing grains by cooling and ventilating the air layer above the grains and the upper layer of the grains.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The apparatus for carrying out the entire grain storage method in a silo of the present invention consists of a silo 1, a temperature/humidity control device 10, and an air conditioner 20.

The silo l has a discharge port 1a at the bottom and an input port (
(not shown).

The air conditioner 20 includes an intake port 21 equipped with an air damper 22, an air supply port 23 equipped with a ventilation fan 24i, and a return port 25 in one housing H1.
A filter 26, a cooling coil 27, and a reheating coil 28 are arranged from the return port side between the housing H1 and the return port 25.
Adjacent to this, a housing Hs2 having an inlet 29 and an outlet 30 is provided, in which a heat dissipation coil 31 and a heat dissipation coil 3 are installed.
2. Compressors 33 are arranged in sequence.

One end of the air supply pipe 2 is connected to the air supply port 23 of the air conditioner 20, and the other end faces toward the middle part from the upper part of the branch pipe Cxl. The other end 2 of the air supply pipe 2 has a large number of ventilation holes around it. 9. One end of the branch exhaust duct 3 is connected to the return port 25, and the other end of the branch exhaust duct 3 is connected to the return port 25.
connected to the top of the

The temperature and humidity management device 10 includes a ninth outside air thermometer 11 for detecting the temperature and humidity of outside air, an outside air hygrometer 12, and a supply air thermometer 13 for detecting the temperature and humidity inside the air supply pipe 2. It has a supply air hygrometer 14, and a hygrometer 16 for detecting the humidity in the tea mouth.

Furthermore, it has a multi-point thermometer 15e for detecting the temperature corresponding to the depth of the approximate center of the silo 1.

The temperature/humidity control device 10u is provided to control the air conditioner 20 within a set temperature and humidity range.

The grain storage method of the present invention will be explained below.

Grain Gt- is charged into a tee cr1, and an air layer of 5 ft is formed above it.

Normally, air conditioned by the air conditioner 2o is passed through the air supply pipe 2 so that the upper air layer 5 of the TIO1 has a temperature and humidity (10 to 15℃, about 60℃) suitable for long-term, low-temperature storage. Most of it passes through the upper layer of the grain, and some of it goes directly to the air layer, where it circulates.

If there is no change in the grain temperature or the temperature in the upper air layer, the air conditioner 20 stops supplying air. When the grain temperature or the temperature of the upper air layer 5 rises, the air conditioner 20 is operated.

Thereby, the upper air layer 5 or the upper layer of grains, which is most susceptible to the influence of temperature, can be kept at the optimum temperature and humidity at all times.

When the grain temperature rises, it generally increases gradually, so if the temperature and humidity control device 10 detects a tendency for the grain temperature to rise, the air conditioner 20 is operated until the grain temperature drops.

In this way, by catching and dealing with the rise in grain temperature early, it is possible to prevent an abnormal rise in grain temperature.

The company's air conditioner 201 is activated during autumn and winter, or when the outside air temperature drops at night and the air layer 5 above the silo is likely to reach a dew point of 1 degree.
By properly supplying and ventilating air cooled so as not to reach the dew point temperature during operation, condensation on the inner wall of the silo can be prevented. The possibility of condensation tends to be higher as the upper air layer of the silo is wider.

The other end 2 ridges of the air supply pipe 2, when there is a lot of grain in the silo 1 and the air layer is small, are buried in the upper layer of grain (buried) to cool and control the humidity of both the upper layer and the upper air layer 5 of the silo. When there are few grains and many air layers, the other end 2 of the air supply pipe 2 performs cooling and humidity control of only the air layer 5 without being buried in the grains.

During ventilation of the air in the silo, if the temperature and humidity of the outside air is suitable for ventilation, the compressor 33 is stopped and the air damper 22 is fully opened to introduce outside air.

Even if the grain temperature starts to rise for some reason and the outside temperature is too high for rotation, the grain temperature can be lowered by cooling and ventilating only the upper air layer of the silo or the upper air layer and the upper grain layer. Alternatively, by suppressing the rise in grain temperature, it is possible to buy time until the time when a-cheeseing is possible. This allows continued high quality storage.

(Effects) Since the present invention is based on the method described above, it has the following effects.

(1) It is possible to suppress the temperature rise of stored grain even when the outside air is high, and it is possible to store the grain for a long time without deteriorating its quality.

Even if the temperature of the grains increases, the increase in grain temperature can be suppressed until the outside temperature becomes low and a-cheesion is possible.

(2) It is particularly effective when there is a small amount of grain, such as when the grain is being shipped from a warehouse, and there is a large air layer above the silo.

(3) It is possible to eliminate condensation on the inner walls of the silo due to changes in outside temperature, thereby making it possible to maintain quality.

(4) Although some air is supplied into the grain, the air in the upper air layer of the silo is mainly controlled, so the power of the blower equipment is extremely small, resulting in energy savings.

Furthermore, since the air above the silo, whose temperature and humidity are almost constant, is mainly circulated and used, the heat load is small, and the power of the refrigerator equipment is also reduced, resulting in energy savings.

(5) It is possible to eliminate temperature differences depending on the installation status of the silo equipment, such as the north side and the south side.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a Q apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention. 1-...Sai 0 2...Air pipe 3...Exhaust duct 10...Temperature and humidity control device 2o...Air conditioner 24...Ventilation 7 Anne 27...Cooling coil 2
8... Reheating coil.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A silo characterized by storing grain by putting grain into the silo, forming an air layer above the silo, cooling and ventilating the air layer above the silo, or the air layer and the upper layer of the grain. grain storage methods. (2) Grain in a silo according to claim (1), characterized in that an air supply pipe having ventilation holes on the outer periphery faces from above to below the silo, and cooling ventilation is performed through the air supply pipe. Storage method. (3) A patent claim characterized in that in order to cool and ventilate the air layer above the silo or the air layer and the upper layer of grain, these layers are placed in a circulation system passing through cooling coils and reheating coils. A method for storing grain in a silo according to scope (1).