JPS61271395A - Composite fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prepare a stable colloidal fuel in one step at low cost, by continuously pulverizing a carbide with a specific pulverizer and, at the same time, compounding the pulverized carbide with an oil and water. CONSTITUTION:An oil (e.g.: heavy oil A), water and an agent for dispersion and stabilization are homogenized in a mixing tank. The mixture is fed into a slurry tank. A carbide derived from a plant which has been pulverized into a powder of about 5 mesh or less is gradually added to the slurry tank. The slurry which has been homogenized in the slurry tank is fed into a first melt crusher in which the clearance of a mass colloider is set at 0.4-0.7mm and then fed into a finishing melt crusher in which the clearance of the mass colloider is set in the range of 0.01-0.03mm to obtain a colloidal fuel comprising particles of 30mu or less. It is preferred that the weight ratio of the carbide to oils be 35/65-49/51. A preferred amount of water is 10-20wt%. Further, it is preferred that the grinder provided in the crusher be made of a composite with a polymer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composite colloidal fuel consisting of vegetable charcoal, oil and water, and a method and apparatus for producing the same.

[Conventional technology]

Since carbonized vegetable matter is a solid with an irregular shape, it is more inconvenient to transport and store than liquid fuels. There is a demand for technology to turn these vegetable carbonates into fluid fuel, and research has begun in various places.

As shown in Figure 1, the conventional process for producing composite colloidal fuel (hereinafter referred to as CC0M) consisting of vegetable charcoal, oil, and water is the A-type process in which vegetable charcoal is dry-pulverized into ICC0M. There are two main types: method B, in which carbonized vegetable matter is wet-pulverized and then produced into CC0M, but both methods require a step of crushing vegetable carbonized material and a colloidal step of mixing it with oil.

For this reason, the time required for manufacturing is long, and the running costs consumed in the entire process are high.

[Problems to be solved by the present invention]

When using screen mills (hammer mills), roll mills, vibrating ball mills, mortars, etc., which are used for coarsely or finely pulverizing vegetable carbides, CC0M production requires two or three steps, and Since the particle size of carbide does not become less than 100 microns, the inventor of the present invention made various studies and improved the fused rock (trade name: Mascolloider), which made it possible to finely pulverize the vegetable carbide into particles of less than 20 microns. At the same time, it has been found that colloidal CC0M can be produced by mixing oil and water well with vegetable charcoal.

In order to improve and improve the melting machine, we focused on the ability to adjust the clearance to 0.01 m/m or less by combining the upper and lower two grinders, which are the heart of the product name Mascolloider. ) was impregnated with various polymers and polymerized to create a composite material, successfully creating a completely new material. This polymer composite vitrified grinder (trade name: Grinder) was attached to a Mascolloider and tested. No damage occurred during long-term operation, and it was confirmed that it could finely grind vegetable char to 20 microns or less. Add an equal amount of slurry, add less than 20% water, and a very small amount of dispersion/stabilizer, and put it into a melter. Under the specified conditions, the clearance is extremely narrowed to 0.0111/m, and the slurry is rotated at 1.450 rpm for 1 minute. However, since stable CC0M is continuously discharged from the outlet,
We conducted repeated experiments to use this as a continuous CC0M manufacturing device, and worked to solve problems and make improvements.Finally, while finely pulverizing the vegetable char, the three components of oil and a specified amount of water were dispersed and stabilized. CC0M in an extremely stable form was continuously obtained through the agent, and when passed through a line mixer, secondary aggregation was prevented and CC0M that maintained stability for a long period of time could be produced.

Comparing it with the conventional method, the running cost of the production is estimated to be about 400 yen/ton, which is 1
It turned out that it can be manufactured in 1/3 to 1/4. The ability to continuously manufacture CCOM in one step as in the present invention greatly contributes to improving productivity.

Means for Solving Problem C] The present invention involves fine pulverization and colloidalization (fluidization) of vegetable charcoal.
The production of CC0M and its equipment were developed as a result of many years of test and research.The production of colloidal fuel (CCOM), which is made by adding oil, water, and a very small amount of dispersion/stabilizer to vegetable charcoal, is carried out in one process. This article relates to a manufacturing method and a VC installation.

(Function) CCOM is a Bingham fluid with a yield value (non-Neaton property)
Therefore, the apparent viscosity depends on the deformation rate or shearing force, exhibits thixotropy often seen in dispersion liquids, and is time-dependent, so C has both fluidity and stability.
Various factors come into play in producing C0M.

Listing the factors: ■Physical properties of carbonized plants. ■Type of dispersion/stabilizer, amount added, and state of addition. The composition ratio of water in 0000M, in other words, the weight composition ratio of the components constituting CC0M. ■Manufacturing equipment.

■Manufacturing process, etc.

(1) Unlike coal, vegetable charcoal is porous and can absorb moisture. In addition, the basic physical properties of coal vary depending on the place of production, but the charred material obtained by carbonizing plant matter depends on the type of plant material.
It is not greatly influenced by carbonization conditions, etc., contains few impurities such as sulfur, and contains almost no organic substances. The amount of pure carbon is between 45% and 55%.

This means that when used as a fuel, it is not only extremely clean but also easy to crush. Furthermore, when CC0M is produced using a mass colloider filled with Grindel, the particle size and particle size distribution concentrates in the range of 20 to 5 microns, depending on the clearance adjustment. Because the particle size is uniform, the shape of the flame during combustion is good, and the burner nozzle is not clogged.

(2) All currently commercially available dispersants and stabilizers for 000M can be used.

Since CC0M contains water in the range of 10 to 20%, there is a large degree of freedom in selecting the dispersion/stabilizer.

The addition rate is preferably 0.81% or less based on the total weight of CC0M as a blunt material, and the addition method is preferably to add the required amount of an aqueous solution of the dispersion/stabilizer to the oil in advance and stir well with homogenization.

Heavy composition CC0M consists of four components: vegetable charcoal, oil, water, and a very small amount of dispersion/stabilizer, and the amount of heat and viscosity vary depending on the weight composition ratio.

Water adsorbs into the small pores of the porous carbide, oil fills the large pores, and a dispersant is present at the interface between the carbide and the oil. One of the features of CC0M is ff1 during CC0M.
The presence of 10-20% water in ffi. This water is what makes production possible in one step.

Carbide:oil ratio is 50:50 or 35:65
is preferably within the range of 10
~20% water is required.

(The 4-unit production equipment is characterized by the fact that the melting part of the mass colloider is composited with a polymer, and a mixed slurry consisting of coarsely ground vegetable charcoal, oil, water, and a very small amount of dispersion/stabilizer is injected into the inlet. When the coarsely pulverized carbide is continuously fed into the carbide and passes through the melting section adjusted to a predetermined clearance, the coarsely pulverized carbide is finely pulverized while some of the coexisting oil and water enters the carbide and becomes uniform due to the action of the dispersion and stabilizer. CC0M becomes colloidal and flows out from the discharge port.When introducing a highly viscous slurry, the outside of the melting section is held by a heating jacket,
Can be heated up to 80℃.

The manufacturing method is to adjust the clearance of the melting part to the specified conditions,
Control particle size and production base.

From the above, using the manufacturing method and apparatus of the present invention, C.
' The stabilizing mechanism when manufacturing COM was deduced as follows. That is, carbide is porous and has a large surface area, and most of the exposed surface is covered with polar 10H groups. If a water molecule is present here, water preferentially attaches to the -OH group. When a polymer or surfactant with a hydrophilic group enters such a system, the surface tension decreases and water begins to cover the carbide.

At this time, assuming the adsorption state of the ionic surfactant, the following can be considered. The functional group portion of the carbide adsorbs the hydrophilic group side and directs the hydrophobic group toward the water side, making it thermodynamically unstable and thus becomes a bimolecular adsorbent. Additionally, hydrophobic groups are adsorbed on the surface of the carbide.

- At the water-oil interface, hydrophilic groups exist on the water side and hydrophobic groups on the oil side. The presence of the ionic surfactant and water on the carbide surface makes the carbide surface electrified. When carbide particles approach each other in this way, the water/oil interface becomes smaller and becomes thermodynamically stable. When the electrostatic repulsion force and van der Waals force are balanced, the carbides are protected and stabilized.

By manufacturing CC0M using the manufacturing method and apparatus of the present invention, it has become possible to produce CC0M that is stable for a long period of time at low running costs.

FIG. 2 shows the country of manufacture of the CC0M manufacturing process of the present invention, and will be described below.

Bark charcoal (M, C approximately 7%) with a particle size of 5 mesh or less (3,962 μm or less) is produced using an impact crusher, which is pulverized by impact and shearing action, sized by a screen by centrifugal force and wind power, and discharged. ) is stored in a tank.

On the other hand, A from inside the oil tank to the mixing tank! Oil is 51
Contains fMg, dispersion/stabilizer 4.43! j and water 126k
g are led to the mixing tank from separate pipes. The inside of the mixing tank is stirred at a rotation rate of about 1000/min to 1500/min to make these three components uniform.
The slurry is sent through the slurry tank. The stirrer in the slurry tank rotates at a speed of 200 to 500 revolutions per minute, but when the above-mentioned bark charcoal 316 is gradually added to the slurry tank, it becomes a uniform slurry within a few minutes. Become. The homogeneous slurry is passed through a line homomixer to the first melter and then to the finishing stile machine (Mascolloider MK which internally grinds grinders).
ZAIO-10D-1). This will be explained below with reference to FIG.

The clearance of the mascoloider D' of the first melter is set to 0.
06m/m, switch Qff to D
Close -2 and lock D-3. Turn D-4, D-
Set the point where D-6 touches 5 and D-4 stops moving as a 0 point, and check the clearance again.

When D (equipment @) is turned on, D-6 is 1450 rl.
) The slurry moves at a rate of III/min and continuously becomes CC0M and comes out from the discharge port. When this is led again to Mascolloider D2 of the finishing stile machine and continuously passes through Dz whose clearance is adjusted to 0.03 m/m, COM comes out from the outlet of D2 and accumulates in the storage tank. From there, it passes through a line mixer and enters the CC0M storage tank.

The particle size of the carbide in the obtained CC0M is as follows.

The amount of heat was 7810 Kca, e/Kg, which was slightly higher than the calculated heat of 17990 Kcaf//(g).The viscosity was 4.650CP, and the weight composition of the obtained CC0M was:
The content was 45% carbide, 55% heavy oil, and about 15% water, and the total volume was about 900e. According to the calculation, 924 (was obtained.The apparent bulk specific gravity was 1.06.

The volume fraction of the obtained CC0M is found to be: VC (carbide) -0,19, VO (oil) -0,65, Vho (
water) -0.16, and showed good combustion in the combustion test with an injection burner.

〔Example〕

FIG. 4 shows a drawing of a CCOM manufacturing apparatus with a capacity of 400 Kg/Hr, and a specific example will be explained in detail. Waste timber from the forest area is taken out from a face-down burning carbonization furnace, and the charred material is coarsely crushed using a simple device and then sifted into 5 meshes using a super micron crusher (moisture content at this time is around 7%) and transported using a vibrator. ■It is sent to.

On the other hand, Rivolac 400 (purity 31.
4%, Lion Oil, Made in) 1.85Kg and CMCO
, 95Kg, water to 1551'iff, heavy oil to 46
The oil/water mixture, to which 6 kg was added and whose weight composition was adjusted, is transported from the mixing tank via a pipe and continuously introduced into (2).

The composition ratio of the carbide and the oil/water/dispersion/stabilizer mixture is adjusted as follows, and the mixture is stirred and homogenized in step (3).

[Carbide: 45, oil: 55, water: 15%, dispersing/stabilizing agent: 0.3%] The slurry mixed in the stirrer (2) is fed into the manufacturing apparatus (2) of the present invention as Pl. ■Mascoloider MKZBI 5 is equipped with Grindel composited with polymer.
-50 with clearance 0.8 III/rn, 1,4
It rotates at 50 revolutions per minute and accumulates in the storage tank (600f>) while being stepped on in Grindel.

Furthermore, while being transported at P2 and P3, it enters the stile machine (same as ■) with a clearance of 0.02 m/m and 1.45
It passes through Grindel, which rotates at 0 revolutions/minute, and enters the Homo Mitsukline mill (■) at P10. This line mixer (homomitsu line mill) opens the gap diamond to the maximum and adjusts the rotation speed to within 1000 revolutions/minute.
Because secondary agglomeration is not prevented, distribution storage tank (10QC) J
Enter 2).

The present invention is characterized by passing through (1), (2), and (2), and the manufacturing method includes (1) to (2).

The quality test results of the distribution tank were as follows.

Carbide 45 Eight Heavy oil 55 Water 15.5% viscosity
degree 5900CP specific gravity
1.09 Fever 1 762
0Kcaz/PCy production amount 40
(ly/hr volume fraction: VC = 0.22 VO = 0.61 vno = 0.17 The results of measuring the particle size distribution of carbide were as follows.

In carrying out the present invention, it is desirable that the raw materials used in the present invention fall within the following specified ranges.

1. Vegetable bodies such as carbonized wood, agricultural wastes such as rice straw, peanuts, pond water fruits, cotton trees, and industrial waste paper, etc., or their solid bodies. The carbonization conditions are not limited as long as the organic matter is vaporized at high temperature and the fixed carbon content is 40% or more.

2. Oil Kerosene, △, C heavy oil, waste oil, and other fuel oils are all raw materials.

3. Dispersion/Stabilizer All commercially available surfactant-based dispersion/stabilizers for COM and 000M can be used, but commercially available Riboran 400 (liquid), IJ Horan 1400 (powder), and TE are preferably used. IKAPOL (liquid) and the like are inexpensive.

C at a ratio of 20 to 30% of the IM of these surfactants.
Stability is increased by adding MG (carboxylmethyl cellulose) or acrylic acid. The upper limit of the dispersion addition rate is 1% in terms of dry matter based on the weight of the total CC0M.

4゜Water: Regular tap water is fine. Alcohols may be added in an amount of about 10% based on the amount of water. The upper limit of the content of these water and alcohol is 20% relative to CCOMflffi.

5. CC0M composition In general, carbide: Oil is the basic material, but due to combustion characteristics such as flame concentration, heat exchange, exhaust gas, and heat management (design), carbide: 3% to the weight of oil. Plant fine powder, petroleum coke, etc. can be added in a range of 5% to 5%.

[Effects of the present invention]

Grinding carbide using the dry method has health issues for workers, disaster prevention issues, and additional running costs (
Since it is difficult to obtain fine particles of carbide despite the high power consumption (power consumption), the wet method is generally used.

The present invention has found a solution to the problem of equipment that was considered impossible to grind into particles of 20 microns or less, and a technology that can be combined with oil. The major solution was to make the joint frame grinder composite with polymer.

The present invention further provides a method for producing colloidal fuels such as 2 to 3
It was discovered that the pulverization and colloidalization of carbides can be simultaneously performed in one step, which would otherwise take several steps. Furthermore, the physical properties of the obtained CC0M are that it does not cause secondary agglomeration, that the nozzle does not become clogged during combustion, that the injection port of the nozzle can be made small, that the flame spreads well, and that combustion efficiency is high. This confirmed the following characteristics.

As an example, the estimated cost required for crushing plant charcoal using a super micron crusher, which is the most commonly used dry crusher, is 2,592 yen for raw material with 8.5% water content of charcoal, calculated from the consumed energy. , 'ton, and for carbide in an anhydrous state, it is 2.828 yen/[On. - In the case of the power tree invention, the power consumption is 40,000 VOn, including everything from crushing to colloidalization. In the Super Micron crusher, oil and water are further mixed and the power consumption required for colloidalization is 350 yen/[On], so when calculating these power consumptions, the present invention has a running time of about 1/8. It's a good thing for the cost. Moreover, it has the advantage of having a very small particle size of 20 microns or less, and since it is a single process, it can be expected to have significant economic effects such as reduction in labor costs and factory facility area.

Natural plants will rot in just a few years, but by carbonizing them, they can be stored for thousands of years. Nowadays, the environment and scale of life and industry are different than in the past, and when equipment systems are used on the premise of using electricity, gas, or liquid fuel, firewood and charcoal are rarely used directly as fuel. Unthinkable.

CC with increased apparent bulk density and fluidity (colloidal) that is convenient for handling such as transportation and storage
0M has great benefits to society as a new fuel. Since the days of single fuels such as oil, coal, and firewood, supplying composite fuels with the necessary calorific value for the purpose of use is directly linked to resource and energy conservation, and is a promising fuel in Japan, where fossil resources are scarce. becomes.

In addition, since vegetable charcoal is clean, colloidal fuel combined with oil has less SOx per weight and CC
Reducing NOx through the action and effect of water in 0M will be advantageous in terms of pollution-free measures when used as fuel for boilers in industrial areas and as fuel for power plants.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the conventional CC0M one-manufacturing process;
Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the manufacturing process of CC0M of the present invention, Fig. 3 (a) and (b) are an overall view and cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a stile machine used in the present invention, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the manufacturing process of CC0M of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a manufacturing apparatus showing an example. D-5 in Figure 3... Fixed mass colloider D-6... Rotating mass colloid 1 in Figure 4... Stirrer 2... First mass colloider 3... Storage tank 4... Finishing ( 2nd) Mascolloider 5...Line mixer 6...Distribution storage tank P+''P+...Sludge pump Fig. 1 A 4.8
Nail figure 2

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A composite fuel characterized by being a stabilized colloidal fuel made by continuously melting carbide into particles of 30 microns or less and integrating oil and water therein. (2) Weight composition ratio of carbide and oil is 35:65-49:
Claim 1 characterized in that it falls within the scope of 51
Composite fuel as described in section. (3) The composite fuel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the amount of water coexists is within 20% to 10% by weight. (4) Calorific value is 7,000 to 8,500 Kcal/Kg
The composite fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is within the range of. (5) Using a pulverizing device in which the grinder inside the melting frame is composited with a polymer, the carbide is continuously melted to a size of 30 microns or less, and the carbide is stabilized by integrating oil and water. A method for producing a composite fuel, characterized by producing the composite colloidal fuel in one step. (6) A device that stirs and mixes vegetable charcoal into a mixed liquid containing oil, water, and a dispersion/stabilizer to form a slurry, and a first melting machine with a mass colloid clearance in the range of 0.4 to 0.7 mm. , Mascoloider clearance is 0.0
1. An apparatus for producing a stabilized composite colloidal fuel consisting of carbide, oil, and water, characterized in that a finishing melter with a particle size in the range of 1 to 0.03 mm is sequentially arranged.