JPS61262100A - Voltage controller for magneto generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control a voltage with excellent responsiveness even if the frequency of a magneto generator alters by comparing a voltage integrated from a voltage of an AC output terminal with a reference voltage to control a phase controller. CONSTITUTION:The phase voltage of a magneto generator, i.e., the voltages of AC output terminals 1a-1c are output through a full-wave rectifying mixing bridge 23 having a diode 3 and a phase controller 2. A phase controller 4 integrates voltages of AC output terminals 1a-1c in a synchronous integrator 5, compares by a comparator 6 the integrated voltage signal with a reference voltage, and applies a control signal to the gate circuit 7 of the controller 2. Thus, even when the rotating speed remarkably varies, the rectified DC output voltage can be controlled in the prescribed wide dynamic range.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention uses the output of a magnetic alternator installed in a vehicle to charge a battery to create a mixed bridge circuit consisting of a phase control element such as a thyristor and a diode. This invention relates to a voltage control device for a magnetic generator that obtains a constant output voltage through phase control.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a constant voltage power source for controlling the phase of a rectifying bridge circuit using a thyristor, there are many constant voltage power sources that use a constant frequency power source that does not change, such as a commercial frequency, as an input power source.

To explain one of these conventional devices, for example, as shown in FIG.
A rectangular signal generation circuit is provided to output the rectangular signal as VIN, and this rectangular signal is then integrated by an integrator circuit to obtain the sirisk forward voltage (VIN
) to obtain a sawtooth signal CVr ) which becomes an integral signal voltage for phase control in synchronization with ). Also, this sawtooth signal (VF >) is compared with the reference voltage (Vc), and the trigger signal that rises at the intersection α with the reference voltage (Vc) is supplied to the gate of the Cyrisk as the gate signal for firing the Cyrisk (VG). However, phase control is performed by giving a control angle (firing angle) to the silisk.

However, if the idea of the above device is applied directly to an on-vehicle generator driven by a vehicle engine, where the frequency of the generator's AC output changes frequently with the generator's rotation speed, the following problem will occur. arise.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the frequency of the generator AC output is the waveform VIN1. When VIN2 changes twice, a synchronizing signal similar to the rectangular signal V with a constant peak value as shown in FIG. , the rectangular signal is integrated to obtain the sawtooth signal (vr), so the peak value of the sawtooth signal is v
It's 181.

When the VIN is 2, it becomes a, and the peak value is halved from a to b.

Therefore, even if the reference voltage vc is set in accordance with the target control output value, control at a predetermined control angle is no longer possible at VINI. In other words, the control angle fluctuates under the influence of frequency fluctuations in the alternating current output of the generator, resulting in a problem that the range in which it can be appropriately controlled is narrow.

As a countermeasure to the above-mentioned problem, for example,
90, for example, by converting the alternating current output of the generator into F-■ and converting the output value of this F-V converter into a sawtooth signal voltage using an integrating circuit, the slope of the sawtooth signal voltage can be changed to the alternating current of the generator. An apparatus for proportionally varying the frequency of an output is disclosed.

In this case, even if the frequency of the alternating current output of the generator changes, the slope of the sawtooth signal for phase control is changed proportionally so that the peak voltage value of the sawtooth signal for phase control always remains at a constant level. For example, the waveform VF in FIG. 4 is a triangular waveform (this triangular waveform VF has a constant level C (same as a)).

In this way, even when the frequency changes, the control angle of the thyristor remains the same as before the frequency change.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, even with the above-mentioned measures, it is impossible to convert F'-Vi with one cycle of the input signal of the alternating current output of the generator, but with at least several cycles of input signal. A signal is required, which inevitably results in a response delay equivalent to several cycles, and the ability to follow frequency changes is also extremely poor. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced for changes from high to low frequencies and for frequency fluctuations within the low frequency range.

In addition, there is also the disadvantage that an F-V conversion circuit is required, which complicates the circuit configuration. In addition, Vc and VG in Fig. 4
1 is a trigger signal.

Accordingly, in the present invention, in a magnetic generator, the peak value of the AC output voltage is proportional to the rotational speed, and by directly synchronously integrating the AC output voltage, that is, as shown in (■) in FIG. The purpose of this is to perform voltage control with excellent responsiveness even when the rotational speed of the generator, in other words, the frequency, changes by directly integrating rectangular waves such as .

(Means for solving the problem) Therefore, in the present invention, the synchronous signal voltage synchronized with the AC output of the magnetic generator is obtained by comparing the reference voltage (Vot17) corresponding to the battery voltage (V, ). A phase control signal (Z) is used to control a phase control element such as a thyristor (
2), the phase voltage of the magnet generator (1), that is, the AC output terminals (1a, 1b, 1c)
Integral signal voltage (y) synchronized with the phase voltage by directly multiplying the voltage of (also referred to as match signal (X+, Y+))
a synchronous integrator circuit (5) that generates a synchronous integrator circuit (5);
) and the reference voltage (Vout
), and a gate circuit (7) that amplifies the output of the comparison circuit (6) and controls the phase control element (2). The structure is such that the phase is controlled and the voltage is adjusted.

In other words, this configuration includes a magnetic generator with a constant field magnetic flux, a rectifier circuit that rectifies the output of the magnetic generator and adjusts the voltage through phase control, and a battery that is charged with the output of the rectifier circuit. , a reference voltage circuit that detects the voltage of the battery and generates a reference voltage; a synchronous integration circuit provided for each phase that generates an integral signal voltage synchronized with the AC output of the magnetic generator; In a voltage control device for a magnetic generator, the rectifier circuit includes a comparison circuit provided for each phase to generate a phase control signal by comparing an integral signal voltage with a reference voltage of the reference voltage circuit. A full-wave rectifier circuit including a plurality of diodes connected to one side, a plurality of phase control elements connected to the other side, and an AC output terminal of the magnetic generator connected between the diodes and the phase control element. The synchronous integration circuit is configured to include a circuit that directly integrates the voltage of one phase of the AC output terminal of the magnetic generator to generate a matching signal that becomes an integrated signal voltage with a sloped waveform. be.

(Function) By configuring in this way, that is, by directly integrating the voltage of the AC output terminal, the integrated signal voltage (matching signal) as a result of the integration is such that the driving rotation speed, that is, the frequency of the magnetic generator is Even if it changes, if the control angle of the phase control element is the same, the value will be the same. That is, the magnitude of the integrated signal voltage obtained by direct integration is independent of the frequency and determined in relation to the control angle.

Conversely, no matter how the frequency changes, if you look at the integral signal voltage and fire the phase control element at an appropriate integral signal voltage, you can achieve phase control at an appropriate control angle regardless of the frequency. Become.

Further, even if the frequency changes, the maximum value of the integrated signal voltage remains the same. As mentioned above, the magnitude of the integral signal voltage is determined by the control angle, so if the difference between the integral signal voltage at a given control angle and the maximum value of the aforementioned integral signal voltage is defined as the error signal, this The error signal determines the output value of the voltage control device of the magnetic generator, that is, the output average voltage (charging voltage) of the rectifier circuit.

Therefore, in order to determine the magnitude of the error signal, that is, the magnitude of the average output voltage of the rectifier circuit, according to the battery voltage,
By outputting a reference voltage from the reference voltage circuit, comparing this reference voltage with the integral signal voltage, and outputting a phase control signal, rectification can be performed accurately according to the battery voltage and with good control stability without response delay. It becomes possible to control the average output voltage of the circuit.

(Effects of the Invention) Therefore, the present invention has the advantage that the voltage value of the AC output of a magnetic generator increases in proportion to the frequency. By obtaining the signal voltage, it is possible to obtain a voltage control device for a magnetic generator that prevents the battery charging voltage, which is the target value, from erroneously fluctuating due to fluctuations in the frequency, that is, the generator drive rotation speed.It is also accurate and responsive. This enables control with good performance and control stability.

Note that in the configuration of the embodiment, a plurality of diodes (
Since the plurality of phase control elements (2), which together with 3) constitute the full-wave rectifying mixing bridge (23), have their anodes connected in common to the negative side of the battery (9), the magnetic generator is Each phase voltage of (1), for example, the voltage of the AC output terminal (IC), is clamped to the battery voltage (V, ) by each diode (3) of the mixing bridge (23), and as a result, the battery voltage (■,) With reference to , a voltage in a more negative direction than this is generated. Therefore, even if a single power supply integrating circuit is used, the voltage at the AC output terminal can be synchronously integrated.

(Example) Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1(a) is an overall circuit diagram of a voltage control device for a magnetic generator showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an operational explanatory diagram showing the state of synchronous integration of the device shown in FIG. 1(a). be.

In FIG. 1(a), reference numeral 1 denotes AC output terminals 1a and lb of a magnetic generator connected to the armature winding.

This is a well-known method that induces three-phase AC output in an IC. Thyristors 2 forming a plurality of phase control elements and a plurality of diodes 3 form a mixed bridge, and the anodes of the thyristors 2 are commonly connected to form a three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 23.

4 is a phase control circuit which is a main part of the present invention, and is provided for each of the three phases, and includes a synchronous integration circuit 5. It is composed of a comparison circuit 6 and a gate circuit 7. The reference voltage circuit 8 generates a specific output, that is, a reference voltage (■.ut) corresponding to the battery voltage (■1), and its output characteristics are as shown in FIG. 1(b). voltage is 13
．． Below 4 (V), the output is 0, and above 13.6 (V), the control voltage is constant V. II? becomes. 10 is an electric load connected in parallel to the battery 9.

Next, the operation will be explained based on the above configuration.

Each AC phase voltage generated in the armature winding of generator 1, that is,
The voltage of AC output terminals 1a, lb, lc is mixed bridge 2
3 is taken out as a full-wave rectified DC output, and each phase voltage is approximately a sine wave as shown in the waveforms X and Y in Fig. 2(a), and the frequency Cf = ω/2π). Since ω is approximately proportional to the peak value of the voltage or ω is approximately proportional to 2 (because the field is constant in a magnetic generator), when the frequency (f) doubles, the voltage of each phase is integrated. The integrated signal voltage (also called matching signal, X l + Y in Figure 2 (b)
The slope (indicated by +) also approximately doubles.

Therefore, no matter how the rotational speed (frequency f) changes, the integral signal voltages X+ and Y+ remain constant at the peak value 2.

That is, from the sinusoidal output waveform (Fig. 2(a)) and the integral waveform (Fig. 2(b)) in Fig. 2, the instantaneous value e of each phase voltage at a certain time t is set to e=ωsinwt, However, k
is the maximum value, and ω = 2πf, and when integrating these waveforms, the integral value is y = /'', ωsin wt dt = k (1-co
sα), where 0≦α≦π), and α; π, that is, c
When osα=cosrt=-1, y=2, and
The peak value of the integral signal voltage y is constant (2k).

The value y of the integrated signal voltage has the same value regardless of the rotational speed (frequency f), that is, the above-mentioned ω, if the control angle of the thyristor is the same.

Also, when the thyristor has a control angle α, the control DC voltage (average value) (cosα+
1). α=O2, that is, the control DC voltage (average value) when no phase control is performed (thyristor is equivalent to a diode)
If Vol is set to Vol=2 and ω/π=Vs, the above Vo becomes ■o=■s·(cosα+1)/2.

Also, when the control angle is α, the peak value 2 of the waveform of the integral signal voltage y
When k is taken as a reference level, the control angle α is set at its peak value 2.
The difference between the integral value when = ni-(1
+cosα). Therefore, the control DC average voltage value Vo
is Vo=Vs・(cosα+1)/2=Vs−1/2k・
e, and e and Vo have a linear relationship. That is, the control DC average voltage value Vo is proportional to the error signal e.

The above relationship will be explained repeatedly with reference to FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b).

The instantaneous value of the waveform X in FIG. 2(a) is ω5in-t at e=.

When this waveform X is integrated from time O to π/ω, the integrated value becomes 2 and 4°.
In other words, the vertical axis represents the integrated signal voltage and the horizontal axis represents time.

And π/ω=π/2πf=1/2f=1/2T (T
is the period), and π/ω indicates the end of the half-wave of the 1/2 period. That is, the waveform X is a half wave of the magnetic generator, and the circuit shown in FIG. 1 is designed to integrate the negative half wave, as will be described later.

The integral value becomes a slope-like waveform as shown in Figure 2 (b), but even in waveform Y when the frequency is twice that of waveform X, the peak value of the integral value song 'ip't + is It has become 2.

What is important in Fig. 2(b) is that the vertical axis value in Fig. 2(b), that is, the value of the integral signal voltage y, is unrelated to the frequency f, and the control angle (indicated by ) are the same, the values are the same.

That is, in the case of waveform X, if the control angle is α, the thyristor will fire at the time α/ω, and the thyristor will be non-conducting from 0 to α/ω. The value of the integrated signal voltage y at this time is shown in Fig. 2(b).
So it's about 1.5. On the other hand, when the waveform is Y, the control angle is α
If so, ignition occurs at the time of α/2ω, and the cyrisk is non-conductive from O to α/2ω. The value of the integrated signal voltage y at this time is also about 1.5, which is the same.

In other words, even if the frequency f changes, if the value of the integral signal voltage y is the same, the control angle α remains the same.

Also, considering what happens to the output of the full-wave rectifier 23, that is, the average value of the charging voltage, as a result of phase control using the control angle α,
This voltage is expressed as Vo as mentioned above, Vo = Vs
・(cosα+1)/2.

Vs is a charging voltage when the thyristor acts as a diode, and increases as the alternating current output voltage of the generator increases.

Therefore, when the control angle is α0, that is, from time 0 to α/ω in the waveform X of FIG. Thyristor 2 from ω to π/ω
In the state where is conductive, the average value Vo of the charging voltage is Vo
=Vs・(cosα+1)/2.

Here, when α becomes π, cosπ=-1 and Vo becomes O, and when α is 0, Vo becomes equal to Vs and becomes maximum at coso'l.

When the control angle is α in the waveform X of FIG. 2(a), the value of the integral signal voltage y is approximately 1.5. That is, at this time, y=k''(1cosα)=1.5k.

If we define the difference between this 1.5k (that is, the value of y at the control angle α) and 2 at the maximum value as the error signal e, then e=2 is -y, and finally, as described above, The charging voltage (output voltage of the rectifier circuit 23) at the control angle α, that is, the average value Vo of the control DC voltage, is proportional to Vs and e. (As mentioned above (Vo=Vs・1/2 -e) Therefore, in order to control this average value Vo, it is sufficient to control Vs and e. Here, Vs is ω<2 as mentioned above.
/π, so ω=2πf and it cannot be controlled because it varies depending on the frequency f. However, even if Vs varies depending on the driving rotation speed of the generator, the average value Vo can be set to any value by controlling e.

Then, controlling the size of e means that
), the waveform of the integral signal voltage y and a specific reference voltage ■
. ut and outputs a pulse Z as shown in FIG. 2(c) from the comparator circuit 6. This pulse is inverted and amplified by the gate circuit 7 shown in FIG. 1, and the thyristor 2 is fired at the time α/ω. It means that.

And this reference voltage V. Although LIT can be set to any value, in this type of battery charging circuit, LIT is set to V depending on the magnitude of the voltage across the battery 9. u7 can be changed. That is, when the battery 9 is exhausted or the capacity of the electric load 10 is large, and the battery voltage V is low, the reference voltage (2) in FIG. 2(b') is applied. The level of U7 is lowered, that is, the error signal e is increased to cause early ignition.

This reference voltage V. As shown in the output characteristic diagram of FIG. 1(b), uy is uniquely determined by the battery voltage V. That is, the battery voltage V.

But 13.4 (V) is V. Since 61 is not output, thyristor 2 becomes like a diode, and when v8 is 13.6 [V], vo and 7 are at the same level as 2, and thyristor 2 does not fire.

Therefore, in the circuit shown in FIG. 1, the voltage (one-phase voltage) at the AC output terminal 1c of the magnetic AC generator I is directly integrated by the synchronous integration circuit 5.

The potential of the AC output terminal IC is positive, and the thyristor 2
When a reverse voltage is applied to the diode 51.
Transistor 53 clears the charge on ONL capacitor 54 via resistor 52.

Therefore, the integration starts when the potential of the AC output terminal IC becomes negative, that is, when a forward voltage is applied to the thyristor 2 and the thyristor 2 is in a state where it will fire if there is a trigger signal. The integrated signal voltage y as shown in FIG. 2(b) is output from the operational amplifier 55, and the comparator circuit 6
The signal is input to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 61.

On the other hand, the reference voltage circuit 8 has a reference voltage ■ corresponding to the voltage ■3 of the battery 9. uT is input to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 61.

As a result, the operational amplifier 61 outputs a phase control signal as shown in FIG.

As described above, the present invention directly integrates each phase voltage of the magnetic generator (1), and provides an integral signal voltage that is synchronized with each phase voltage and has a slope proportional to the rotation speed of the generator. (Y+
, Even when the rotational speed fluctuates significantly, such as in an on-vehicle generator, it is possible to control the rectified DC output voltage (■.) over a constant wide dynamic range. In addition, since each phase voltage of the magnetic generator (1) is directly integrated and used as a control signal, responsiveness is excellent, and control can be performed stably without causing hunting.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1(a) is an overall circuit diagram of a magnetic generator including an embodiment of the voltage control device of the present invention, and FIG.
), Figures 2(a) to 21(c) are operation explanatory diagrams showing states of synchronous integration, etc. of the device shown in Figure 1(a), and Figure 3(a). ), (b),
(c) and (d) are operation waveform diagrams of each part of the phase control circuit of the conventional device, and FIG. 4(a). (b), (c), and (d) are operational waveform diagrams for explaining the operation of the improved conventional device. 1... Magnetic generator, 23... Rectifier circuit, 9...
Batch U+ vout...Reference voltage, 8...Reference voltage circuit, y. X,,Y,...Integrated signal voltage that becomes the matching signal. 5... Synchronous integration circuit, Z... Phase control signal, 6...
- Comparison circuit, 3... Diode, 2... Phase control element, 1a. lb, lc...AC output terminals.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A magnetic generator with a constant field magnetic flux, a rectifier circuit that rectifies the output of the magnetic generator and adjusts the voltage through phase control, a battery that is charged with the output of the rectifier circuit, and the voltage of the battery. a reference voltage circuit that detects and generates a reference voltage; a synchronous integrator circuit provided for each phase that generates an integrated signal voltage synchronized with the AC output of the magnetic generator; an integrated signal voltage of the synchronous integrator circuit and the A voltage control device for a magnetic generator includes a comparison circuit provided for each phase to generate a phase control signal by comparing a reference voltage of a reference voltage circuit, wherein the rectifier circuit has a plurality of comparator circuits on one side of the battery. a full-wave rectifier circuit connected to a diode, a plurality of phase control elements connected to the other side, and an AC output terminal of the magnetic generator connected between the diode and the phase control element; A magnetic generator characterized in that the integrating circuit is comprised of a circuit that directly integrates the voltage of one phase of the AC output terminal of the magnetic generator to generate a match signal that becomes an integrated signal voltage with a sloped waveform. Voltage control device. (2) the plurality of phase control elements are connected to the negative side of the battery, and the diode is connected to the positive side of the battery,
2. The voltage control device for a magnetic generator according to claim 1, wherein said synchronous integration circuit is driven by a single power source.