JPS61261519A - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the excavating force of an excavator by selectively performing the operation of an excavating screw under guidance of a driver held at a fixed position and the holding of the excavating screw by the chuck of the driver. CONSTITUTION:The driver 8 of an excavator is supported by a rope 9 hung down from the upper end of a boom 8 extended from a vehicle 4 and an arm 5 pivotally supported on the vehicle 4. An excavating screw 2a and an angular cylinder shaft 1a are supported by a rope 11 hung down from the upper end of the boom 8. The driver 8 is held at a fixed position by the arm 5 and the rope 9, and the rope 11 is sent out, and thereby the screw 2a and the shaft 1a are allowed to excavate under their own weights under guidance of the driver 8. In case where the shaft 1a is held by the chuck of the driver 8, since the great weight of the driver 8 is applied to the shaft 1a, the excavating forces can be increased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an excavator used for constructing fill piles and the like constituting earthen walls underground.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventional excavators of this type are equipped with a long guide column called a vertical leader supported by the excavator body vehicle, and an excavation screw is connected to the lower end. a drive device comprising a rotary body for driving a square tube shaft through which a square tube shaft can be moved only up and down, and a motor for driving the rotor; and a rotary fluid coupling device coupled to an upper end of the square tube shaft. is attached to the guide column so as to be movable up and down, and a hanging cable for moving up and down the drive device and the joint device is provided separately.

Such a conventional excavator requires a long and strong guide column, which is several tens of meters long and longer than the entire length of the rectangular cylindrical shaft including the excavation screw, and is therefore extremely expensive. Furthermore, it was not possible to easily move the excavator vehicle to change the excavation position.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention proposes an excavator that can solve these conventional problems, and its feature is that it has a rectangular cylindrical shaft with an excavation screw connected to its lower end. A rotating body for driving a rectangular cylindrical shaft that passes through it so that it can only be moved up and down, a motor that drives this rotating body,
and a drive device equipped with a chuck mechanism that can be opened and closed with respect to the rectangular cylindrical shaft is supported by a support arm whose one end is pivotally attached to the excavator main vehicle so as to be able to swing vertically, and a suspension extending from the excavator main vehicle. The driving device is suspended by a hanging rope that can be let out and rolled up on a commercial boom, and a rotary cylinder shaft connected to the square cylinder shaft is connected to the upper end of the square cylinder shaft, and a rotary fluid coupling is connected to the rotary cylinder shaft. A joint device having a fluid supply pipe communicated through the boom is coupled to the boom, and the joint device is suspended from the boom by a hanging cable that can be freely rolled up.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below based on the attached illustrative drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1a and lb are long square cylindrical shafts, each of which has an excavation screw 2 of the required length at its lower end.
a and 2b are connected. 3 is the two square tube shafts 1a.
, lb, and is supported at the tip of a telescopic support arm 5 whose one end is pivotally connected to the excavator main body vehicle 4 so as to be able to swing vertically. It is suspended from a suspension boom 8 which is supported by a nozzle 6 and a stopper arm 7 so as to be adjustable in angle, via a suspension cable 9 which can be freely let out and rolled up. 1
Reference numeral 0 denotes a joint device connected to the upper ends of the two rectangular cylinder shafts la and lb, and is suspended from the pool 8 via a hanging cable 11 that can be freely let out and rolled up.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the drive device 3 is attached to a support frame 12 with a pair of upper and lower concentric vertical support shafts 13a,
The cylinder units 14a and 14b are interposed between the support frame 12 and the cylinder units 14a and 14b, and are adjusted and fixed at any angle in the horizontal direction. The support frame 12 is pivotally attached to the tip of the support arm 5 via a horizontal support shaft 15 so as to be able to swing up and down, and is rotated by the expansion and contraction movement of a cylinder unit 16 interposed between the support arm 5 and the support arm 5. Adjustable and fixed at any vertical angle.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the drive device 3 includes a pair of left and right square tube shaft drive rotating bodies 17a through which the square tube shafts 1a and lb can only move up and down.

17b, two motors 18a that drive both rotating bodies 17a, 17b under different conditions regarding rotational speed and torque.
, 18b, and a chuck mechanism 198.19b that can be freely opened and closed for each of the square cylinder shafts tan1b *20a
, 21a and 20b.

Reference numeral 21b denotes a square cylinder shaft guiding roller unit that is connected above and below the rotating bodies 17a, 17b and rotates together with these rotating bodies 17a, 17b, as shown in FIG. 7, respectively. Four rollers 2 close to the four sides of lb
2 is pivotally supported by a horizontal support shaft 26 on a bearing plate 25 provided between a pair of upper and lower support plates 23 and 24.

Each of the rotating bodies 17a, 17b is rotatably supported by a frame 28 at both upper and lower ends by bearings 27, and spur gears 29a, 29b that engage with each other are integrally formed in the intermediate portion. The spur gear 29a of one rotating body 17a is connected to the frame 2.
The spur gear 29b of the other rotating body 17b is connected to the driving spur gear 31a fixed to the output shaft of one motor 18'a through the intermediate spur gear 30a pivotally supported by the frame 28. A driving spur gear 3 is fixed to the output shaft of the other motor 18b via a supported intermediate spur gear 30b.
1b. Both motors 18a, 1
8b is supported on the frame 28.

The chuck mechanisms i9a, 19b are provided on the lower support plate 2 of the lower square cylinder shaft guiding roller units 21a, 21b, respectively.
4, a pair of left and right holding pieces 33a whose upper ends are swingably pivoted via a horizontal support shaft 32.

33b1 An operating ring 36 which is fitted onto the left and right pair of clamping pieces 33a and 33b and rotatably supported by a common lifting frame 34 via bearings 35, respectively, and a pair of left and right rings which move the lifting frame 34 up and down. It is assembled from the cylinder unit 37, and by lowering the operating ring 36, its lower bottom tapered inner periphery iii
3ga is configured to press the pair of left and right holding pieces 33a and 3Sb inward.

As shown in FIG. 8, the joint device 10 includes two rotary cylinder shafts 40a, 40b vertically supported on a hanging frame 38 via bearings 39, and these rotary cylinder shafts 40a, 40.
fluid supply pipes 42a and 42b connected to the upper end of b via rotary fluid joints 41a and 41b and fixed to the hanging frame 38;
At the lower ends of a and 40b, a square shaft part 43 for externally fitting and fixing the square cylinder shafts 1a and lb is provided, and at the upper center of the hanging frame 38, a hole 44 for engaging the hook of the hanging cable 11 is provided at the upper end. A hanging member 45 is attached.

To explain how to use the square cylinder shafts 1a and lb, as shown by the imaginary lines in FIG. Cylindrical shaft guide roller units 20a, 21a and 20b, 2
1b central rectangular cylinder shaft passage and chuck mechanism 198.19
A pair of clamping pieces 33a, ! ! The screws for drilling 2a, 2b are connected to the lower ends of the rectangular cylinder shafts 1a, lb, and the upper ends of the rectangular cylinder shafts 1a, lb are
Fluid supply pipes 42a, 42 are fitted and fixed onto the lower end corner shaft portions 43 of the pair of rotary cylinder shafts 40a, 40b in the coupling device 10.
b.

On the other hand, the drive device 3 is connected to the tip of the support arm 5 and suspended from a hanging cable 9 hanging from the boom 8 via a hook 9a, and the coupling device 10 is connected to a hanging cable 11 hanging from the boom 8 with a hook 11a. Hanging through. In this state, the excavator main body vehicle 4 and the square cylinder shafts 1a, 1b (rI
The distance between A and the drilling screws 2ab) can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the support arm 5 and the elevation angle of the boom 8. ) can be freely adjusted by adjusting the mounting angle of the drive device 3 (support frame 12) about the horizontal support shaft 15 with respect to the support arm 5 using the cylinder unit 16 and by adjusting the elevation angle of the boom 8. Can be adjusted. Furthermore, a rectangular cylinder shaft la with respect to the excavator main body vehicle 4
, ib can be freely adjusted by changing the angle of attachment of the drive device 3 to the support frame 12 around the vertical support shafts 13a, 13b using the pair of cylinder units 14a, 14b.

The drilling screw 2a is formed by the above preparation work.

2b is placed on the predetermined excavation position, the drive device 3
By rotating the two motors 18a, 18be and the rotary bodies 17a, 17b for driving both rectangular cylinder shafts in opposite directions, the rectangular cylinder shafts ia and ib are driven to rotate in opposite directions. Then, by letting out the hanging cable 11 suspending the joint device 10 and lowering the both square cylinder shafts 1a, lb and the excavation screws 2a, 2b with respect to the drive device 3 by their own weight, the re-excavation screws 2a, 2b At this time, the excavation work by the rotation and downward movement of the guide roller units 20a, 21a, and 20b of the two upper and lower stages of the drive device 3 is started.

Is 21b the rotating body 1 for driving the square tube shaft? a, 17b, and is therefore rotationally driven by the rotating bodies 17a, 17b.

1b is guided by each roller 22 of the roller unit and can smoothly descend within the central square hole of the rotating bodies 17a, 17b. Of course, both chuck mechanisms 19
Since the chuck mechanisms 19a and 19b also rotate together with the rotating bodies 17a and 17b, the clamping pieces 33a and 33b of these chuck mechanisms 19a and 19b do not interfere with the rotation and downward movement of the rectangular cylinder shafts 1a and lb.

As the excavation work progresses, the coupling device 10 suspending the square tube shafts 1a and lb approaches the drive device 3, and the drive device 3
Unless the level is lowered, excavation work cannot be continued any further. If such a situation occurs, the suspension cable 9 suspending the drive device 3 is let out and the drive device 3 is lowered by its own weight, but at this time the drive device 3 is fixed to the support arm 5 at a constant angle. Therefore, as the support arm 5 swings downward, the longitudinal distance and angle of the drive device 3 relative to the excavator main body vehicle 4 change. J
! II. The position and perpendicularity of the square cylinder shafts 1a and lb will be out of order. To avoid such a situation, drive device 3
In parallel with lowering the support arm 5, the length adjustment of the support arm 5 and the angle adjustment of the mounting of the drive device 3 (support frame 12) by the cylinder unit 16 are performed by adjusting the verticality of the rectangular cylinder shafts 1a and 1b. It is necessary to automatically maintain the position and perpendicularity of the rectangular tube shafts 1a, 1b constant based on a signal from a detection means that automatically detects the above.

In addition, square cylinder shafts 1a, lb and drilling screws 2a+2b
The excavating screws 2a and 2b rotate on their own with only their own weight.
In ground conditions where it is not possible to excavate at a predetermined speed, the large weight of the drive device 3 may be added to the square tube shafts 1a, i.
In other words, when the cylinder unit 37 of the chuck mechanisms 19a, 19b in the drive device 3 lowers the lifting frame 34, both chuck mechanisms 19a
, 19b are pressed and swung inward by the operation ring 36 that descends together with the elevating frame 34 to clamp the rectangular cylinder shafts 1a, 1b. The total weight is the two chuck mechanisms 19a.

The square tube shafts 1a, l are connected via the clamping pieces 33a, 35b of 19b.
b, and the digging force of the drilling screws 2a, 2b increases. At this time, the holding piece 33a.

The operation ring 36 that presses and swings the 33b inward rotates together with the clamping pieces 7J3a and 53b.

Once the rectangular cylinder shafts 1a, 1b are lowered by a certain stroke together with the drive device 3, the cylinder unit 37 raises the elevating frame 34 to its original position, and the pressing action of the operation ring 36 on the clamping pieces 33a, 33b is released. to wind up the hanging cable 9 and move the drive device 3 to the square tube shafts 1a, l.
b to the original height. Then, by repeatedly operating the chuck mechanisms 19a and 19b to lower the drive device 3, the excavating screw 2
A and 2b can be excavated by a unit amount.

Excavation screw 2a for building fill pile etc.
, 2b, when it is necessary to pour out bentonite or cement mortar from the tip of the joint device 10, the bentonite or the like can be poured out by supplying bentonite or the like to the two fluid supply pipes 42a and 42b in the coupling device 10 through flexible pipes. etc. are the drilling screw 2a via the rotary fluid joint 418, 41b, the rotary cylinder shafts 40a, 40b that rotate together with the square cylinder shafts 1a, 1b, and the inside of the square cylinder shafts ia, lb that rotate. , 2b
It is supplied into the interior and poured out from the tips of the drilling screws 2a and 2b.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the excavator of the present invention, the heavy drive device is held in a fixed position by the support arm and the suspension rope, and By letting out the lower cable, the rectangular tube shaft equipped with the excavation screw is vertically excavated by its own weight using the drive device as a guide, and a predetermined excavation work can be performed. In addition, if it is not possible to excavate at a predetermined speed with only the weight of the excavation screw and the square tube shaft, the clamping and releasing action of the square tube shaft by the chuck mechanism provided in the drive device and the vertical movement of the drive device will It is also possible to increase the digging force by adding the large weight of the drive device to the square tube shaft.

In this way, the excavation work can be carried out in the same way as a conventional excavator, but the guide column is long, several tens of meters long, and has high strength, which is longer than the entire length of the square cylinder shaft including the excavation screw. Since this is not necessary, the entire excavator can be constructed at low cost, and the excavator main vehicle can be easily moved to change the excavation position.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of the whole, Fig. 2 is a front view of the main parts, Fig. 3 is a side view of the drive device support section, Fig. 4 is a plan view of the same, and Fig. 5 is a view of the drive device. FIG. 6 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the details of the main parts of the drive device, and FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the interlocking mechanism between the rotating body for driving the square tube shaft and the motor. FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway plan view and a partially vertical front view of a joint device for suspending a square cylinder shaft. 1a, 1b... Square tube shaft, 2a, 2b... Screw for excavation, 3... Drive device, 4... Excavator main body vehicle,
5... Telescopic support arm, 8... Boom, 9,
11... Hanging cable, 10... Coupling device, 12...
・Support frame, 14a, 14b, 16.37-Girinder unit, 17a, 17b...Rotating body for driving square cylinder shaft, 18a, 18b-Drive motor, 19a, 19b
...Chuck mechanism, 20a~21b...CI-ra 4 nif for square tube shaft guide), 22...o-ra-129a~
31b... spur gear, 33a, 33b... clamping piece, 3
4... Lifting frame, 36... Operation ring, 38...
... Hanging frame, 40a, 40b... Rotating cylinder shaft, 41 a, 41 b - Rotating fluid coupling, 42 a, 4
2b - Fluid supply pipe, 43... Square shaft part for connecting square cylinder shaft. Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] A rotary body for driving a square tube shaft through which a square tube shaft with an excavation screw connected to its lower end can be moved only up and down, a motor for driving this rotor, and a chuck mechanism that can freely open and close the square tube shaft. The device is supported by a support arm whose one end is pivotally connected to the excavator main vehicle so as to be able to swing up and down, and the driving device is extended from the excavator main vehicle by a hanging cable that can be freely wound up. A coupling device comprising a rotating cylinder shaft that is suspended and connected to the square cylinder shaft at an upper end thereof, and a fluid supply pipe that communicates with the rotary cylinder shaft via a rotary fluid coupling. and the coupling device is suspended from the boom by a hanging cable that can be freely fed out and rolled up.