JPS61255786A - Laser beam machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To swivel a processing head which has a swiveling part swiveling around vertical and horizontal axes and a torch without large co-swiveling by aligning the position of the torch to the swiveling axial line of the swiveling part which swivels around the vertical axial line. CONSTITUTION:The processing head is formed of the 1st swiveling part 28 which swivels around the vertical axial line 01, the 2nd swiveling part 29 which is so provided as to swivel around the horizontal axial line 02 and the 3rd swiveling part 30 which is so provided as to swivel around the axial line 03 perpendicular to the line 02. The torch 31 which emits the laser beam is provided to the 3rd swiveling part 30 in such a manner that the axial line thereof is aligned to the vertical axial line 01 of the 1st swiveling part 28.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a laser processing device that processes a workpiece by cutting, welding, etc. using a laser.

<Conventional technology> Workpieces can be trimmed, drilled, cut, and
Laser processing, which performs welding and surface treatment, is capable of processing almost all materials, and is being researched and developed as an important device in processing technology.

As shown in FIG. 7, in a conventional laser processing device, a movable part 1 that moves in the horizontal and vertical directions is provided with a first turning part 2 that turns around a vertical axis 01. 02 is provided, and when the axis of the laser torch 4 is in the vertical direction, the laser torch 4 is offset j with respect to the vertical axis value which is the pivot axis of the first rotating section 2.
By controlling the processing head provided in the second rotating section 3 at parallel axis positions along five axes, it is possible to process a workpiece having a plurality of processing surfaces, from a flat plate to a three-dimensional panel.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> In this type of laser processing, the angle of the torch must be perpendicular to the processing surface f.

Therefore, it is necessary to rotate the torch around a horizontal axis. Further, it is necessary to rotate the first rotating section about the vertical axis so that the horizontal axis is perpendicular to the processing direction.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when machining an upward slope machining locus α with a right-angled corner C as its apex and a downward slope machining locus S at right angles on the paper, the tip of the torch 4 In order to maintain continuity in position, it is necessary to rotate the first rotating section 2 around the vertical axis at the corner C.

In the conventional processing head described above, the vertical axis of the first rotating section 2 is 0.
2 and the vertical axis of the torch 4 are offset l, the first rotating section 2 must be swung around greatly relative to the torch 4 at the corner C. Another problem is that the calculation program for moving the machining head by one offset is complicated.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a first turning section that turns around a vertical axis, and a second turning section that turns around a horizontal axis in this first turning section. a processing head having at least two rotating parts provided therein, and a laser torch provided in a second rotating part with its axis aligned with the rotating axis of the first rotating part;
It is composed of a transfer device that moves this processing head in horizontal and vertical directions lζ.

(Function) The present invention has a machining trajectory that is perpendicular on a plane, and when machining surfaces with uphill and downhill slopes with the right-angled corner as the apex, with continuity in the torch tip position, The first rotating portion is rotated once about the vertical axis on the axis of the torch, so that the axis about the horizontal axis of the torch is changed to be perpendicular to the processing direction.

<Example> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 6 and FIG. 9. 1 and 2 show a transfer device that moves a processing head n (to be described later) horizontally in the X and Y directions of coordinates in a horizontal plane and vertically in the Z direction,
Its composition is as follows. Reference numeral 10 denotes a bed, and pillars 11 are erected at the four corners of the upper surface of the bed. This pillar 11
A pair of X-direction guide rails 12 are laid out in parallel between them, and the first linear motion part 13 is movably guided. 1
4 is a ball screw for the X direction provided along the X direction guide rail 12, and a servo motor 15 for the X direction.
Rotates forward and backward. A nut 16 that is integral with the first linear motion section 13 is screwed onto this ball screw 14, and rotation of the ball screw 14 moves the first translation section 13 in the X direction.

A Y-direction guide rail 17 is provided on the first linear motion section 13 and is perpendicular to the X-direction guide rail 12, and a second translation section 18 is movably guided by the Y-direction guide rail 17. Reference numeral 19 denotes a Y-direction ball screw provided along the Y-direction guide rail 17, and is rotated in forward and reverse directions by a Y-direction servo motor. A nut 21 that is integral with the second linear motion section 18 is screwed onto this ball screw 19, and rotation of the ball screw 19 moves the second translation section 18 in the Y direction.

Furthermore, a third linear moving part is guided in two directions by the second linear moving part 18 by guide rails 22 so as to be movable in the Z direction. 24 is a Z provided along the guide rail 22.
It is a ball screw for the direction, and a servo motor 2 for the Z direction.
5 for forward and reverse rotation. A nut 26 that is integral with the third linear motion part is screwed onto this ball screw 24, and rotation of the ball screw 24 moves the third translational part in the Z direction.

This third linear motion section 231 is provided with a processing head driven by a laser, and processes the workpiece W set on the bed 10. This machining head 27 is composed of three rotating parts as shown in FIG. 5, or two rotating parts as shown in FIG.

The configuration shown in FIG. 5 consists of three rotating parts: a first rotating part that revolves around a vertical axis 01; And, in this second turning section 4, there is an axis I! which is perpendicular to the horizontal axis 02! 3rd turning section 3 provided to turn around 03
0, and a torch 31 that emits a laser beam to the third rotating section 4 is provided with its axis aligned with the vertical axis 01 of the first rotating section 4.

The turning operation mechanisms of the first to third turning parts 2, 4, and 3 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. The first rotating section holder is configured to transmit the rotation of the servo motor 32 for the first rotating section through a gear 35 to rotate the first rotating section around the vertical axis 01. The second rotating section 4 transmits the rotation of the servo motor for the second rotating section via the gear 36 and the bevel gear 37, and the horizontal axis 02
It has a configuration that allows it to rotate around. Furthermore, the third rotating section 30
This is a configuration in which the rotation of the servo motor for the third swing section is transmitted through gears A and bevel gears 39 and 40 to swing around the axis 03.

The laser beam 47 emitted from the torch 31 aligns the laser optical axis from the laser oscillator 41 shown in FIG.
45 and 46, the light is refracted and reflected from the first rotating portion 28, the second rotating portion 4, and the third rotating portion 301, and is guided in the axial direction of the torch 31. 44 indicates a beam tube.

In such a processing head equipped with three rotating parts, the position of the torch is not offset with respect to the rotating axis of the first rotating part, so a power transmission mechanism for rotating the third rotating part can be easily created. .

Processing head n consisting of two rotating parts shown in Fig. 6
In this case, the TA3 rotating part 30 and its rotating operation mechanism shown in FIGS. The vertical axis 01 of the section is aligned with the vertical axis 01 of the section.

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, the position of the processing head n is determined by moving the first, second, and third linear motion parts 13, 18, and the , Z, and is controlled by single and compound movements in three directions. Also, torch 31
The direction can be changed by rotating the first rotating section A, the second rotating section 4, or the third rotating section 30 in a determined rotating direction.

In particular, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, the machining surface of the workpiece W has an upward slope machining trajectory α with a right-angled corner part C as its apex and a downward slope machining trajectory α on the plane of the paper. When machining the machining path with continuity in the position of the tip of the torch 4, the horizontal axis 02 at the corner C is perpendicular to the machining direction, and the angle of the torch 4 with respect to the machining surface is Since the axis of the torch 4 and the vertical axis 01 of the ta1 turning section are aligned, the turning of the first turning section 4 at the corner C point to control the angle at right angles causes the vertical axis to change at the corner C point. By rotating around 01, the direction of the horizontal axis 02 is changed to be perpendicular to the machining path, and the large turning angle of the first rotating part unlike the conventional offset machining head is eliminated.

In addition, in the processing head n equipped with the first, second, and third rotating parts A, 4, and 30, the torch 3 is
It can be rotated around an axis perpendicular to the first axis, and complex machining surfaces can be processed advantageously.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, in a processing head that includes a torch and at least two rotating parts that rotate about vertical and horizontal axes, the first rotation that rotates the position of the torch about the vertical axis Since it is configured to match the rotation axis of the first rotation section, unlike conventional processing heads, there is no offset between the rotation axis of the first rotation section and the torch position, and the position of the tip of the torch is maintained continuously. When the first turning section is turned so that the horizontal turning axis of the
The rotating part rotates on the same axis as the torch, and can be rotated without making a large swing. Therefore, there is an advantage that the calculation program for moving the processing head is simple.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a front view of the entire device of the present invention, Figure 2 is Figure 1 -
■ Line sectional view, Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the processing head, Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in Figure 3, Figure 5 is a perspective view of the processing head in Figures 3 and 4, and Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of the processing head. The figure is a perspective view of a machining head as another embodiment, Figure @7 is a perspective view of a conventional machining head, Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement state of the conventional machining head of Figure 7, and Figure 9 is FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement state of the processing head of the present invention shown in FIG. 5; 13...First linear motion part, 18...Second linear motion part, n...
・Third linear motion part-1n...Processing head, A...First rotating part, 4...-Second rotating part, 30... Third rotating part, 3
1...Torch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] At least two pivot parts are provided, a first pivot part that pivots about a vertical axis, and a second pivot part that pivots about a horizontal axis on the first pivot part, and the laser torch is rotated so that its axis is rotated around the first pivot part. A laser processing device comprising a processing head provided on a second rotating section so as to be aligned with the rotation axis of the second rotating section, and a transfer device for moving the processing head in horizontal and vertical directions.