JPS61248945A - Change device for transmission for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable smooth control of the outgoing movement of a reverse shift fork, according to the method wherein, during outgoing movement of the reverse shift fork, a forward shift fork is shifted by a distance of a low stroke to prevent the occurrence of inertia rotation of an input shaft, and during incoming movement, useless resistance is prevented from occurring. CONSTITUTION:A one-way cam mechanism 70 is situated between a reverse shift fork 39, adapted to shift a reverse idle gear 6 from a rest position (a) to a reverse gear train establishing position (c), and a forward shift fork 23 adapted to establish one forward gear train. During outgoing movement of the reverse shift fork 39, the one-way cam mechanism 70 shifts the forward shift fork 23 by a distance of a specified low stroke L, being long enough to allow position of only a synchronous action for a synchronous mechanism corresponding to the forward shift fork, during movement of a reverse idle gear 6 from the rest position (a) to a position (b) right before establishment of a reverse gear train. The cam mechanism is formed such that, during incoming movement of the shift form 39, the action of preventing the generation of a load is effected so as to prevent the occurrence of resistance of the shift fork 23.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention A0 Objective of the Invention (1) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a multi-stage forward gear train established through a synchronization mechanism, and a reverse gear train established by sliding engagement of reverse idle gears. The present invention relates to an improvement in a change device for a vehicle transmission equipped with a gear train, and particularly in a change device that prevents gear squeal when a reverse idle gear is shifted to establish a reverse gear train.

(2) Conventional technology In the transmission described above, even if the clutch is first disengaged to establish the reverse gear train, the input shaft, which had been rotated by the engine until then, continues to rotate due to inertia, albeit for a short time. Therefore, if the reverse idle gear is shifted, that is, slidingly engages, during its inertial rotation, an abnormal noise called gear squeal is generated, causing discomfort to the occupants.

A change device designed to eliminate such inconveniences is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-68848.

The disclosed device includes a reverse shift fork for shifting a reverse idle gear from its rest position to a reverse gear train establishment position and a forward shift fork for establishing one forward gear train. A springing mechanism is provided that can shift the shift fork in the direction of establishing the one forward gear train in response to the reverse idle gear operating from the rest position to the reverse gear train establishment position-1, and this springing mechanism It is configured to deform and lose the shifting function for the forward shift fork when receiving an operating load exceeding a value, and when the forward shift fork is shifted by this resilient mechanism, only a synchronizing mechanism is applied to the synchronizing mechanism corresponding to the shift fork. In order to cause this, the shift piece of the shift fork is brought into contact with the bottom of the concave portion of the ink lock plate facing it, and the inertial rotation of the input shaft is stopped by the synchronizing action of the synchronizing mechanism just before the reverse gear train is established. Or it is made to be weakened.

(3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the conventional device described above, the spring mechanism is activated not only when the reverse shift fork moves forward, but also when the reverse shift fork moves backward. The operation of the popping mechanism during movement has the drawback of making the forward movement heavy and giving a poor operational feeling.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when the reverse shift fork moves forward, the forward shift fork is shifted by a prescribed small stroke, and the inertial rotation of the input shaft can be accurately suppressed. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide the change device that can easily perform the forward movement of the reverse shift fork while avoiding unnecessary resistance during the backward movement of the reverse shift fork.

B6 Structure of the Invention (11 Means for Solving Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a reverse shift fork for shifting a reverse idle gear from its rest position to a reverse gear train establishment position; A one-way cam mechanism is provided between the forward shift two-oak to establish a forward gear train, and this one-way cam mechanism is such that when the reverse shift fork moves forward, it changes from the rest position of the reverse idle gear to the reverse gear train. While moving to a position on the verge of establishment, the forward shift fork is shifted by a predetermined small stroke sufficient to cause the corresponding synchronization mechanism to exert only a synchronizing action, and when the reverse shift fork returns, the resistance of the forward shift fork is shifted. The structure is characterized in that it is configured to have a load avoidance effect to avoid this.

(2) Function When the reverse shift fork is moved forward in order to establish the reverse gear train, first, while the reverse shift fork operates from the rest position of the reverse idle gear to the position on the verge of establishing the reverse gear train, Since the one-way mechanism operates to shift the forward shift fork of one forward gear train by a predetermined small stroke, only a synchronous action is produced in the synchronization mechanism of the forward gear train, and the inertial rotation of the input shaft is accurately suppressed. can do. Therefore, by further forward movement of the reverse shifter, the reverse idle gear can be smoothly shifted to the position where the reverse gear train is established without causing gear squeal.

Next, in order to release the establishment of the reverse gear train, if the reverse shift fork is moved back, the one-way cam mechanism will act to avoid the load, so the reverse shift fork will not be subjected to the resistance of the forward shift fork. enables quick return movements.

(3) Examples An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 schematically shows an automobile power unit equipped with a transmission M having four forward speeds and one reverse speed to which the present invention is applied. In the figure, the output of the engine E is transmitted sequentially from its crankshaft through the clutch C1, transmission M, and differential device to the left and right wheel drive shafts S.

S' and drive them.

Between the person and the output shafts 11i and 10 supported in parallel to each other by the mission case 10 of the transmission M, there are, in order from the engine E side, a forward first speed gear train Gl, a reverse gear train Gr, and a forward second speed gear train G2. ~4 speed gear train G4 is provided in parallel. The 1st to 4th speed gear trains G, to G4 include input gears 11 to 41 fixed to the input shaft 11i, and output gears 10 to 41, which are rotatably supported by the output shaft 11o and always mesh with the corresponding input gears. 40, and between the speed output gear io and the second speed output gear 20, there is a 1st-2nd speed interphase mechanism 7 which can alternately connect these to the output shaft 110, and a 3rd speed output gear train 3.
Between the 0 and 4 speed output gears 40, there are provided 3-4 interlock mechanisms 8 which can alternately couple them to the output shaft 110.

Thus, the 1st speed output gear 1 is
If the 0 or 2 speed output gear 2o is coupled to the output shaft 11O, a 1 speed gear train G or a 2 speed gear train G2 is established. Furthermore, if the 3rd speed output gear 30 or the 4th speed output gear 40 is coupled to the output shaft 110 via the 3rd to 4th speed interval mechanism 8, the 3rd speed output gear 30 or the 4th speed output gear 40 can be
Fast gear train G3 or fourth gear train G4 is established. The gear train thus established transmits the output torque of the engine E from the human power shaft 11i to the output shaft 110 at a predetermined gear ratio.

The torque transmitted to the output shaft 11o is transmitted to the final reduction gear train G.
It is transmitted to the differential gear via f.

The reverse gear train Gr includes an input gear 51 fixed to the input shaft 11i, and an output gear 50 carved in the sliding sleeve 7a of the 1-2 interlock mechanism 7 opposite to the input gear 51.
The person is slidably and rotatably supported on an intermediate shaft 14 disposed parallel to the mountain shafts 11i and llo, and the person,
It consists of a reverse idle gear 6 that can move between an operating position in which it meshes with the output gears 5t+50 at the same time and a rest position in which it disengages from them. When the reverse idle gear 6 is moved to the operating position where it meshes with the output gears 11i and llo, the reverse gear train Gr is established and the input shaft 11i
The torque is applied to the output shaft 1 through the input gear 51, the reverse idle gear 6, the output gear 50, and the 1st-2nd speed interval mechanism 7.
1o and can be reversed.

Next, a change device for establishing the first to fourth speed gear trains Gl''G4 and the reverse gear train Gr will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8.

First, Figure 2 shows the operation pattern of the change lever of the change device, where N is the neutral position, ■ is the first gear position, and ■
is the 2nd speed position, ■ is the 3rd speed position, ■ is the 4th speed position, and R is the reverse position.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, a change rod 17 interlocked with the change lever is supported by the transmission case 10 so as to be slidable and rotatable. This change rod 17
The actuation arm 18 fixed to the tip of the shift arm 1
9 is connected to a driven arm 19a integrally formed with the arm 19a.

The shift arm 19 is rotatably and slidably supported on a support shaft 20 extending in a direction perpendicular to the change rod 17, and when the change lever is operated in the select direction A in FIG. When the change rod 17 is slid and operated in the shift direction B, the change rod 17 is slid and rotated.

The support shaft 20 is supported by a support plate 21 fixed to the transmission case 10.

Three shift pieces 22a, 23a, and 24a are disposed on the trajectory of the tip of the shift arm 19 as it slides.

The shift arm 19 is connected to the change lever ■
-■When selecting the position, the upper shift piece 2 in Fig. 4
2a, and also engages with the N of the change lever.
When selecting the position, that is, ■-■ position, it engages with the engagement groove 23a of the center shift piece 23a, and when selecting the R position of the change lever, it engages with the engagement groove 24b of the lower shift piece 24a. There is.

The upper shift piece 22a is connected to the 1st-2nd speed shift fork 22 that engages with the sliding sleeve 7a of the 1st-2nd speed interphase mechanism 7, and the middle shift piece 22a is connected to the 3rd-speed shift fork 22 that engages with the sliding sleeve 7a of the 1st-2nd speed interphase mechanism 7.
3-4 that engages with the sliding sleeve 8a of the 4th speed interphase mechanism 8
to the speed shift fork 23 and the lower shift piece 24
a are integrally connected to the reverse shift member 24, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3, the 1-2nd speed shift fork 22 and the 3rd-4th speed shift fork 23 are connected to the transmission case 10.
Each of the fork shafts 27 is slidably supported by a fork shaft 27 whose both ends are fitted into a pair of support holes 25 and 26. When the shift arm 19 is engaged with the upper shift piece 22a and rotated left and right as shown in FIG.
- The second gear interphase device 7 can be operated to the established position of the first and second gear trains G, , Gt. Further, when the shift arm 19 is engaged with the center shift piece 22a and rotated left and right, the 3-4 speed shift fork 23 is slid left and right on the fork shaft 27, and the 3 and 4 speed interstage device 8 can be operated to the establishment position of the third and fourth gear train Gl+G4.

Between the 1st-2nd speed shift fork 22 and the fork shaft 27, the shift fork 22 is connected to the 1st-2nd speed intermediate mechanism 7.
The rest position of , the established position of 1st gear train G, and the 2nd gear train G! The first to moderately hold in the three established positions of
A detent device 28 is provided. In addition, between the 3rd and 4th speed shift fork 23 and the fork shaft 27, the shift fork 23 is positioned at the rest position of the 3rd and 4th speed interphase mechanism 8, the established position of the 3rd speed gear train G, and the established position of the 4th speed gear train G. Second detent device 2 for moderately holding row G4 in three established positions
9 is provided. These detent devices 28,29 are
All of them are constructed in a well-known ball-and-notch type.

A pin 33 that engages with a rotation prevention groove 32 formed in the transmission case 10 is fixed to one end of the fork shaft 27 in order to prevent rotation thereof. Further, a holding spring 34 is provided in one of the support holes 25 and 26 of the transmission case 10 to press the fork shaft 27 against the end wall of the other support hole. This prevents the fork shaft 27 from freely moving in the support hole 25, 26, making it possible to stabilize the positions of both shift forks 22, 23.

The reverse shift member 24 is fixed to a reverse shift shaft 37 that is arranged parallel to the fork shaft 27 and is supported by slidably fitting both ends into another pair of support holes 35 and 36 of the transmission case 10. Ru. Further, a support arm 24c is integrally formed on the reverse shift member 24, and this support arm 24c has a sliding groove 43 at its tip engaged with a fixed guide rod 44 parallel to the reverse shift shaft 37. This serves to prevent the rotation of the reverse shift member 24 while allowing it to slide.

Furthermore, the reverse shift member 24 has a driving pin 38 protruding from its negative side, and this driving pin 38 is connected to a long hole 40 formed in the middle part of the reverse shift fork 39, as shown in FIG. is engaged with. The reverse shift fork 24 is pivotably supported 41 on the support plate 21 and is engaged with an engagement groove 42 formed on the outer periphery of the boss portion of the reverse idle gear 6 .

Then, the shift arm 19 is moved to the lower shift piece 2.
4a and rotates to the right in FIG. 3, the reverse shift member 24 moves to the right together with the reverse shift shaft 37.
The drive pin 38 moves the reverse shift fork 39 to the fifth position.
By swinging to the left in the figure, the reverse idle gear 6 can be shifted from the locking position A to the establishment position C of the reverse gear train Gr (see FIG. 5).

The reverse shift member 24 is connected to the reverse idle gear 6 between the reverse shift shaft 37 and the transmission case 10.
A third detent device 30 is provided for holding the reverse gear train Gr at the rest position A and the established position C of the reverse gear train Gr, and this detent device 30 is also configured in a known pole-notch type.

Referring again to FIGS. 3 and 4, a pair of ink clock plates 45, 46 are disposed on both sides of the shift arm 19.

These interlock plates 45, 46 are connected to the shift arm 19.
It is fitted in a relatively rotatable manner to the boss 19b, and is slidably fitted in a rotation stop pin 47 fixed to the support plate 21 in a state parallel to the support shaft 20. Therefore, the ink lock plates 45 and 46 can slide on the support shaft 20 together with the shift arm 19, but cannot rotate around the support shaft 20.

However, rotation of the shift arm 19 is allowed.

Both ends of a stopper pin 48 parallel to the support shaft 20 are fixed to these ink clock plates 45 and 46 by caulking, and this stopper pin 4B is arranged in a regulating recess 49 provided on one side of the shift arm 19. . When the shift arm 19 rotates, the end wall of the regulating recess 49 and the stopper pin 47 come into contact with each other, thereby changing the rotation angle of the shift arm 19, and therefore each shift fork 22, 23 and the shift member 2.
4 shift stroke is regulated.

The interlofter plates 45 and 46 are regulating claws 45a that face each other with the tip of the shift arm 19 interposed therebetween.

46a, and these regulating claws 45a, 4
6a indicates two shift pieces (for example, 22) other than one shift piece (for example, 23) with which the shift arm 19 engages.
．． 24) to prevent malfunction of the two shift pieces.

A first return spring 51 is compressed between the outer surface of one of the ink lock plates 45 and the support plate 21 . Further, an annular shoulder 20a is formed at the end of the shift arm 19 on the opposite side to the interlock plate 45, and a position regulating plate is formed opposite to the shoulder 20a and the end of the shift arm 19 adjacent to the shoulder 20a. 53 is disposed, and a second return spring 52 is compressed between the outer surface of the position regulating plate 53 and the support plate 21. This second
The set load of the return spring 52 is set larger than that of the first return spring 51.

Therefore, by the cooperation of the first and second return springs 51 and 52 and the position regulating plate 53, the shift arm 19 is moved to the position corresponding to the N position of the change lever, that is, the shift piece of the 3rd-4th speed shift fork 23. 23a, and is constantly biased to the neutral position where it engages with 23a. When the shift arm 19 is slid against the elastic force of the first return spring 51, the arm 19 engages with the shift piece 22a of the 1st-2nd speed shift fork 22, and the arm 19 is moved into the second position. When the arm 19 is slid against the elastic force of the return spring 52, the arm 19 engages with the shift piece 24a of the reverse shift member 24. A fourth detent device 31 that moderates the sliding movement of the shift arm 19 is provided between the shift arm 19 and the support shaft 20.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 50 denotes a back lamp switch that opens and opens when the reverse shift member 24 is activated.

In FIG. 5, the reverse shift fork 39 is integrally connected with a swing arm 54 that faces the side surface of the 3-4 speed shift fork 23 in the axial direction of the fork shaft 27. A one-way cam mechanism 70 is configured between the four-speed shift fork 23 and the four-speed shift fork 23.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 6A, the one-way cam mechanism 70
A drive cam 71 formed integrally with the swing arm 54, and a drive cam 71 formed integrally with the swing arm 54,
- A driven cam 72 is rotatably attached to the 4-speed shift fork 23 via a pivot shaft 73, and the swing arm 54 is attached to the 4-speed shift fork 23 in a rotatable manner via a pivot shaft 73.
At the time of rocking, the driving cam 71 pushes the driven cam 72 by a predetermined small stroke L in the direction of establishing the 4th speed gear train G4 of the 3rd-4th speed shift fork 23.

Pushing stroke L of the driving cam 71 with respect to the driven cam 72
is set to be sufficient for the 3-4 interlock mechanism 8 to perform a synchronizing action, but not to establish the 4-speed gear train G4.

The driven cam 72 is integrally provided with a stopper arm 72a on the minus side, and the arm 72a is brought into contact with one side of a stopper bin 75 fixed to the 3rd-4th speed shift fork 23 so as to be able to separate. A return spring 74 is tensioned between the driven cam 72 and the stopper bin 75 and urges the stopper arm 72a in the direction of contact with the stopper bin 75 with a relatively weak spring force. With this configuration, when the swing arm 54 swings in the forward direction a due to the forward movement of the reverse shift fork 39, even if the driven cam 72 is pushed by the drive cam 71, the stopper arm 72a is prevented from hitting the stopper bin 75. Reverse shift fork 39 although it does not rotate when touching
When the swinging arm 54 swings in the opposite direction due to the backward movement of the driven cam 72, the return spring 74
It is designed to rotate around a pivot shaft 73 against the force of. This rotation of the driven cam 72 around the pivot shaft 73 is the load avoidance effect of the one-way cam mechanism 70.

Therefore, in order to establish the reverse gear train Gr, first the clutch C
When the change lever is shifted from the R select position to the shift position, the shift arm 19 operates the reverse shift member 24 to shift the reverse shift fork 3.
9 to the left in Fig. 5. Then, the fork 39
As shown in FIG. 5A, while the reverse idle gear 6 is shifted from the rest position A to the position on the verge of establishment of the reverse gear train Gr, the drive cam 71 is moved by the swing of the swing arm 54 in the forward direction a. pushes the driven cam 72.

In this case, the driven cam 72 is unable to rotate due to the stopper arm 72a coming into contact with the stopper bin 75, so the driven cam 72, together with the 3rd-4th speed shift fork 23, moves by a specified angle in the direction of establishing the 4th speed gear train G4. It is possible to stop or weaken the inertial rotation of the input shaft 11i by shifting by the maximum stroke and obtaining only the synchronizing action of the 3rd-4th speed interphase mechanism 8. Therefore, by shifting the reverse idle gear 6 to the established position of the reverse gear train Gr by the progress of the rotation of the reverse shift fork 39, it is possible to smoothly mesh the output gears 5i and 5o without causing gear squeal. I can do it.

In this case, as described above, the fork shaft 27 is held by the retaining spring 3.
Stabilizing the position of the 3-4 speed shift fork 23 by always holding it in a fixed position by the cams 71 and 72 is extremely important for accurately obtaining the specified small shift stroke L of the 3-4 speed shift fork 23 using the cams 71 and 72. It is valid.

Next, in order to release the establishment of the reverse gear train Gr, the reverse shift fork 39 is rotated to the right in FIG. The driven cam 72 is pressed, but in this case, the driven cam 72 rotates around the pivot shaft 73 against the weak force of the return spring 74, as shown by the chain line in FIG.
2. In addition, the reverse shift fork 39 can be easily returned to its original position with almost no resistance from the 3rd-4th speed shift fork 23.

When the reverse shift member 24 is operated, in order to allow the movement of the 3-4 speed shift fork 23 by a prescribed small stroke L in the direction of establishing the 4th speed gear train G4, as shown in FIG. Shift piece 23a of speed shift fork 23
A recess 60 is provided on one side of the regulating claw 45a of the ink lock plate 45 that engages with the ink lock plate 45. Therefore, when the 3rd-4th speed shift fork 23 is slightly shifted in the direction of establishing the 4th speed gear train G4, a part of the shift piece 23a enters the recess 60, and the regulating pawl 45a of the interlock plate 45
interference with can be avoided.

Slopes 61 and 62 are formed at the opposite corners of the shift arm 19 and the portion of the shift piece 23a that enters the recess 60 of the regulating pawl 45a.

When the change lever is returned from the R shift position to the N position in FIG. 2 in order to release the establishment of the reverse gear train Gr, the shift arm 19 first moves the shift piece so that the reverse idle gear 6 is returned to the rest position. 24a is moved back. Then, the first and second return springs 51, 52 and the position regulating plate 5
3, the shift arm 19 and the ink clock plates 45 and 46 are returned to the neutral position corresponding to the N position in FIG. Collide and shift piece 23
a can be returned to its original position.

When the shift arm 19 occupies the neutral position, the recess 60 of the restriction pawl 45a of the interlock plate 45 faces the shift piece 22a of the 1st-2nd speed shift fork 22. Therefore, in order to prevent the shift piece 22a from entering the recess 60, a regulating pawl 46a is provided on the outer surface of the shift piece 22a.
A stopper 64 is integrally provided to protrude from the outer surface of the holder.

Therefore, even when the recess 60 faces the shift piece 22a, the contact between the stopper 64 and the outer surface of the regulating pawl 46a prevents the 2nd speed gear train G of the 1st-2nd speed shift fork 22 from moving.
2. Malfunction in the direction of establishment can be prevented.

C9 Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a reverse shift fork for shifting a reverse idle gear from its rest position to a reverse gear train establishment position, and a forward shift fork for establishing one forward gear train. A one-way cam mechanism is provided between them, and when the reverse shift fork moves forward, the one-way cam mechanism moves the forward shift fork while the reverse idle gear moves from the rest position to the position on the verge of establishing the reverse gear train. , the corresponding synchronizing mechanism is shifted by a prescribed small stroke sufficient to exert only a synchronizing action, and when the reverse shift fork moves back, it is configured to perform a load avoidance action to avoid the resistance of the forward fork, When the reverse shift fork moves back, the unidirectional cam mechanism shifts the forward shift fork by a specified small stroke, and the inertial rotation of the input shaft can be accurately suppressed. The load avoidance effect of the cam mechanism avoids unnecessary resistance and allows the reverse shift fork to be easily operated in the reverse direction, which can be expected to improve the operating feeling.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automobile power unit equipped with a transmission to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a change lever operation pattern diagram of the change device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the change device of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of the ■ arrow in FIG. 4, and FIG. Figure, 6th
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line Vl-VI in FIG. 4, FIG. 6A is a sectional view taken along VIA-VIAvA in FIG. 6, FIG. 7 is a partially exploded perspective view of the main parts of the change device, and FIG. 8A and 8B are explanatory diagrams of the operation of FIG. 8. C...Clutch, E...Engine, D...Differential gear, Gl"' G4...Forward 1st to 4th speed gear train,
Gr... Reverse gear train, L... Specified small stroke,
M...Transmission, 7...1-2 speed interval mechanism, 8...
・3-4 consecutive interphase mechanism, 10...mission case,
lli...Input shaft, 110...Output shaft, 22...
1-2 speed shift fork, 22a...shift piece,
23...3-4 speed shift fork, 23a...shift piece, 24...reverse shift member, 24a...
・Shift piece, 39... reverse shift fork,
45... Ink clock plate, 45a... Regulating claw, 46
...Ink clock plate, 46a...Regulation claw, 54...
- Swing arm, 60... recess, 64... stopper, 70
...One-way cam mechanism, 71... Drive cam, 72...
- Driven cam, 72a... Stopper arm, 74...
Return spring, 75... Stopper pin Fig. 8 Fig. 1 - Fig. 88 Fig. 7

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a change device for a vehicle transmission equipped with a multi-stage forward gear train established through a synchronization mechanism and a reverse gear train established by sliding engagement of reverse idle gears, the reverse idle gear is changed from its rest position to the reverse gear train. A one-way cam mechanism is provided between the reverse shift fork for shifting to the train establishing position and the forward shift fork for establishing one forward gear train, and this one-way cam mechanism Sometimes, the forward shift fork is shifted by a predetermined small stroke sufficient to cause the corresponding synchronizing mechanism to exert only a synchronizing action while it is moving from a rest position of the reverse idle gear to a position on the verge of establishing a reverse gear train; A change device for a vehicle transmission, characterized in that when the reverse shift fork moves backward, a load avoidance action is performed to avoid the resistance of the forward shift fork.