JPS61244401A - Attach and detach mechanism of chuck claw for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To change a claw without the need for a changing device by providing a clamp stand slidable in a chuck axis direction, and a clamp pin and a master jaw for sliding the clamp standby reciprocating motion of a plunger. CONSTITUTION:When a plunger 12 advances, a clamp stand 14 and a claw 13 mounted through a master jaw 15 disposed in contact with an inclined surface and a clamp pin 16 will open in a radial direction. At this moment, a clamp attaching hole 131a of the claw 13 comes off from a claw attaching portion 142 of the clamp stand 14 by an interaction between a horizontal region 165a of a plunger engaging portion 165 of the clump pin 16 and a T shaped slot horizontal region 121a of the plunger 12 thereby to permit the claw 13 to be removed. When the plunger 12 retracts, the claw 13 is fixed to the master jaw 15 and the claw 13 holds a workpiece strongly by keeping the energizing force of a spring 155 stronger than the energizing force of a spring 152.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a chuck attachment/detachment mechanism for a machine tool chuck.

(Prior art and its problems) In recent machine tools, with the progress of NC and robotization, automation of workpiece supply and processing operations is progressing, and the jaws are automatically replaced when the workpiece is changed. Various systems are also being studied.

However, all of the conventional types require the assistance of a replacement tool to fix and remove the claws, making so-called manual replacement without the use of a replacement tool impossible, and automatic replacement using the replacement tool is possible if necessary. This method has a disadvantage in that it is not possible to use manual replacement by manual operation.

(Objective) In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a jaw attachment/detachment mechanism for a machine tool chuck that can be replaced automatically, manually, or manually.

(Structure) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a clamp stand whose tip protrudes into the jaw mounting castle and is slidable in the chuck axis direction;
The master jaw is provided with a clamp pin that slides the clamp stand in the chuck axial direction as the plunger reciprocates, and the clamp pin is moved by the radial movement of the master jaw as the plunger reciprocates and the chuck axial movement of the clamp stand. It is configured to fix and detach.

(Example) The mechanisms shown in the first and second figures are three master jaws 15 that open and close in the radial direction of the main body 11 (in the vertical direction in FIG. 2) by the reciprocating movement of the plunger 12 in the chuck axis direction (in the horizontal direction in FIG. 2). ... are constructed by incorporating a clamp stand 14 and a clamp pin 16, respectively.

The clamp stand 14 is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape as shown in the third figure, and is inserted into a shaft hole 151 formed in the direction of the axis of the chuck at the approximate center of the master jaw 15, and is fitted with a spring 152 in the direction of the claw attachment area (rightward in the second figure). It is forced to slide into place. A small diameter portion 14 is provided on the tip side of the clamp stand 14.
A claw mounting portion 142 is formed through 1, and both the small diameter portion 141 and the mounting portion 142 protrude into the claw mounting area.

A substantially truncated conical clamp pin engagement hole 143 is formed through the substantially central portion of the clamp stand 14 .

As shown in the fourth diagram, the clamp pin 16 is formed of a cylindrical part 161 with a screw, a truncated conical part 162, a cylindrical part 163, a small diameter cylindrical part 164, and a plunger retaining part 165, The truncated conical portion 162 is fitted through the clamp pin engagement hole 143 of the master shaft 15 to be slidable in the axial direction. An annular cap 16B having a ratchet 166a formed on the outer periphery is screwed onto the cylindrical portion 161 provided with the screw of the clamp pin 16, and a ratchet groove 15 formed on the inner periphery of the outer large diameter portion of the shaft hole 153 of the master jaw 15.
3a, and connect the master jaw 15 and clamp pin 16.
The clamp pin 16 is urged outward by a spring 155 installed between the inner bottom of the large diameter portion and the annular cap 186.

The plunger retaining portion 165 of the clamp pin 16 has a substantially rectangular shape to prevent rotation due to its own weight, and guide surfaces consisting of a horizontal region 165a and an inclined region 165b are formed on both upper surfaces. It protrudes from the shaft hole 153 and projects in the direction of the plunger 12.

As shown in FIG. 5, the master jaw 15 is provided with an inclined plate 154 on the inner end side of the clamp pin 16 excluding the protruding area of the plunger retaining portion 165, and a pair of inclined slide grooves 154a11154b are provided on both sides of the inclined plate 154. Form and tee.

Incidentally, the inclined region 165b formed in the plunger engaging portion 165 of the clamp pin 16 is formed to be in an inclined state continuous with the upper surface of the inclined plate 154 of the mask-piece 15.

Further, the claw 13, which will be described later, is temporarily positioned with the master jaw 15 via the illustrated protrusion 157 or the like.

As shown in FIG. 6, the plunger 12 is formed with inclined engagement grooves 121 having a substantially T-shaped cross section in correspondence with the number of master jaws 15 .
Horizontal areas 121a, . This T-shaped groove 121 is connected to the plunger 12.
When moving forward, the inclined plate 15 of the master jaw 12
4 and the plunger retaining portion 165 of the clamp pin 16, and is provided so as to engage only with the inclined play (154) of the master ji and the clamp pin 12 during the backward movement.

The claw 13 has a clamp stand mounting hole 131 formed substantially in the center thereof to receive the claw mounting portion 142 of the clamp stand 14, and an enlarged portion 131a is attached to the back side of the hole 131.

In FIG. 2, 111 is a dustproof cover, 21 is a spindle for rotating the main body 11, and 29 is a drawbar for operating the plunger 12.

Although not shown, the clamp stand 14 and the clamp pin 1
The retaining portion 6 is not limited to a truncated conical shape, but may simply have a rectangular cross section that is provided with an inclined castle and generates a straight action, and is formed into a combination of shapes that function as the main engaging portion. All you have to do is stay there.

(Function) In the pawl attachment/detachment mechanism configured as described above, the master jaw 15 reciprocates in the chuck radial direction in response to the reciprocating movement of the plunger 12 in the chuck axial direction. That is, this will be explained using FIGS. 7 and 8. As shown in Figure 7, plunger 1
2 starts moving forward in the direction of the chuck axis indicated by the arrow 7a, the master jaw 1 changes in engagement position between the inclined engagement groove 121 and the inclined plate 154 of the master jaw 15.
5 starts moving outward in the chuck radial direction as indicated by arrow 7b. Conversely, as shown in Figure 8, the plunger 12 is aligned with the arrow 8.
When the master jaw 15 starts moving backward in the direction a, the master jaw 15 starts moving inward in the chuck radial direction as indicated by the arrow 8b.

Here, the movement of the clamp pin 16 will be explained using FIGS. 9 and 10. As the master jaw 15 moves outward in the radial direction, the clamp pin 16 also moves synchronously in the same direction, that is, outward in the direction of arrow 9b in FIG. Although it continues to move, the horizontal area 121a formed in the inclined engagement groove 121 of the plunger 12 comes into contact with the horizontal area 165a formed in the plunger retaining portion 165 of the clamp pin 16. Once in contact, this engagement prevents the clamp pin 16 from moving outward in the radial direction against the biasing force of the spring 155, as shown in FIG. Therefore, from then on, the master station 15 and the clamp stand 14
Although both continue to move further radially outward, the clamp pin 16 remains at a predetermined position.
The clamp pin 16 moves inward in the radial direction relative to the clamp stand 14, and a gap is created between the truncated conical portion 162 of the clamp pin 16 and the truncated conical retaining hole 143 of the clamp stand 14. Five occurs. At this time, the clamp stand 14 is moved by the arrow 9 in FIG. 9 due to the biasing force of the spring 152.
It protrudes into the claw mounting castle while sequentially moving to the right in direction a by five minutes of the gap.

Next, the operation of attaching and detaching the claw 13 will be explained with reference to FIG. Prepare the claw 13 with it protruding into the claw mounting area, hold the clamp stand mounting hole 131 of the claw 13 in the engagement position on the distal end side of the clamp stand 14 as shown in the second figure, and hold the plunger 12 as it is now. When the master jaw 15 moves backward in the opposite direction, the clamp stand 14 also moves radially inward, so that the claw mounting portion 142 of the clamp stand 14 moves radially inward. The claw 13 moves to be located within the enlarged portion 131a of the clamp stand mounting hole 131. If the plunger 12 moves further backward in this state,
The claw attachment part 142 of the clamp stand 14 is completely inserted into the enlarged part 131a of the claw 13, and the truncated conical retaining hole 143 of the clamp stand 14 and the truncated conical part 162 of the clamp pin 16 are completely seated. The claw attachment part 142 of the clamp stand 14 and the master jaw 15
The claw 13 is firmly fixed between the two to hold the claw. Note that the position of the claw 13 is in the master position 15 in the radial direction.
The master jaw 15 is press-fitted to the step mating surface 156 of the master jaw 15 and both surfaces of the master jaw 15 whose rotating direction is in the radial direction, thereby maintaining accuracy. At this time, spring 1
By making the biasing force of the spring 155 stronger than the biasing force of the spring 152, the clamp pin 16 is always biased in the direction of the arrow 10b in FIG. Even after the engagement portion 165 of the pin 16 comes out of contact with the horizontal area 165a, the plunger 12 moves backward while the clamp pin 16 and clamp stand 14 maintain a strong bonding force due to the biasing force of the spring 155. It moves further inward in the radial direction in conjunction with. Claw 1
The grasping area where the workpiece 3 grasps the workpiece is formed in such a state, that is, when the engagement between the plunger 12 and the clamp pin 16 is released.

When the plunger 12 is moved forward in the opposite direction with the pawl 13 attached, the pawl 13 becomes detachable from the clamp stand 14 through a process reverse to that described above.

In the above embodiments, the claw 13 is fixed by moving the plunger 12 backward, and the workpiece is grasped by moving the plunger 12 backward from this position. That is, the plunger 12
By moving forward, the claws 13 are fixed and the workpiece can be gripped, so-called inner diameter gripping. At this time, it goes without saying that the structure of the clamp pin 16, clamp stand 14, etc. is opposite to that of this embodiment so that they function properly.

(Effects) As described above, the claw attaching/detaching mechanism according to the present invention eliminates the need for a replacement tool when fixing and detaching the claw, and is configured so that the claw can be replaced by manual operation. The claws can be replaced either automatically using a replacement tool or manually.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the jaw attaching/detaching mechanism for a chuck for machine tools according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line ■-■ of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the clamp stand. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the clamp pin, Figure 5 is a perspective view of the master jaw, Figure 6 is a perspective view of the plunger, Figures 7 and 8 are explanatory diagrams showing the engagement relationship between the plunger and the master jaw, and Figure 9 is a perspective view of the master jaw. 10
The figure is an explanatory view showing the engagement relationship between the plunger and the clamp pin. 11...Body, 12...Plunger 13...Claw,
14... Clamp stand 15... Master job 16... Clamp pin patent applicant Kitagawa Iron Works Co., Ltd. Figure 2 "h" (no history in the content) of the drawing 1rIA L■ Figure 6 Figure 6 21a 65b Figure 3 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 8 12 Figure 9 + 2 165a wio diagram ob 12 121 a Procedural correction teeth (voluntary) May 17, 1980

Claims (1)

[Claims] A master jaw includes a clamp stand whose tip protrudes into the jaw attachment area and is slidable in the chuck axial direction, and a clamp pin that slides the clamp stand in the chuck axial direction as the plunger reciprocates. The master jaw and the clamp stand are provided with a radial movement of the master jaw as the plunger reciprocates, and the clamp stand is moved in the chuck axial direction, thereby clamping and holding the claws between the master jaw and the clamp stand, thereby fixing and separating the claws. A chuck attachment/detachment mechanism for machine tools featuring the following.