JPH0418729Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to, for example, a chuck provided in a cutting machine for holding a workpiece, which is an object to be cut.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional chucks of this type include, for example,
There is a "diaphragm chuck" shown in Japanese Patent No. 59-132707. This chuck has claws for gripping the workpiece, and a reference metal is fixed by a bolt to the chuck, which supports the workpiece by coming into contact with the end surface of the large diameter portion of the workpiece.

Furthermore, in the ``diaphragm chuck'' disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 60-52209, a plurality of reference metals are provided on a disc so that rotation indexing is possible. With this configuration, the reference gold can grip workpieces with different diameters at appropriate positions.

Further, as a chuck, there is a collect chuck using a collect. For example, Utsukai Showa 61-
The collector chuck disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 50609 grips a workpiece with a receiving member provided inside the collet, and fixes the workpiece in the axial direction using the receiving member and a pulling claw. In this chuck, the workpiece is securely fixed not only in the radial direction but also in the axial direction by the pulling claws. In addition, the above-mentioned pulling claws are provided to rotate when moved in the axial direction by a cam mechanism, and attract the end face of the workpiece at a portion corresponding to the diameter of the workpiece gripped at different positions in the axial direction. ing.

[The problem that the idea aims to solve]

However, in the former diaphragm chuck, the reference metal is replaced with one of an appropriate height each time the position of the end face of the large diameter portion of the workpiece changes with respect to the reference surface of the reference metal. For this reason, each time the standard metal is replaced, it is necessary to remove and install the bolts, which is a hassle, resulting in a reduction in work efficiency.

In addition, in the latter diaphragm chuck mentioned above, each reference metal is arranged at different positions from the axial center on the disk, but the position in the axial direction is not considered at all, so the large diameter The reference position cannot be set for a workpiece whose end face position changes.

On the other hand, although the above-mentioned collect chuck has a different structure from the diaphragm chuck, the axial position of the gripping chuck differs depending on the workpiece. It is possible that

However, when applying the pulling claw used in the above-mentioned collection chuck to the above-mentioned diaphragm chuck, a dedicated drive device for driving the pulling claw is required. Therefore, in order to eliminate such a drive device, it is conceivable to configure the device so that the pulling claw is driven together with the push member that opens and closes the diaphragm.

With this structure, when a workpiece is gripped by the diaphragm chuck, the pushing member retreats to a predetermined standby position, so that the pulling claws also fix the workpiece at a predetermined position. However, since the pulling claws can only fix the workpiece at a predetermined position in the axial direction, as mentioned above, it is not possible to fix the workpieces that are gripped at different positions in the axial direction at positions corresponding to their diameters. This causes the inconvenience of not being able to do so.

[Means to solve the problem]

The chuck of the present invention consists of a diaphragm attached to a base member, gripping claws provided radially on the end face of the diaphragm, penetrating the center of the base member, and moving back and forth in the axial direction to elastically hold the diaphragm. a pushing member that is deformed to open and close the gripping claw; a pulling claw that moves forward and backward in the axial direction together with the pushing member to attract the workpiece in the axial direction; A plurality of reference metals are provided to sandwich and position the workpiece, and a plurality of reference metals are arranged in the outer circumferential direction of the workpiece attachment part so as to be able to come into contact with the workpiece, and also in the chuck axis direction. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the Chitsuyaku has a plurality of reference surfaces each at different positions and is supported so that each reference surface can be rotated and indexed, and is characterized by taking the following measures. It is said that

That is, the pulling claw is capable of coming into contact with the workpiece and has a plurality of claw parts that contact the workpiece at different positions in the radial direction, and each claw part can be rotationally indexed. It is provided.

[Effect]

In the above configuration, the diaphragm is pushed by the pushing member to open the gripping claws, and the pulling claws move in the same way as the pushing member, making it possible to receive the workpiece. When the pushing member retreats, the diaphragm returns to its original shape and the gripping claws grip the workpiece. At this time, the pulling claw also retreats to attract the workpiece at a predetermined position in the axial direction. Then, the reference metal comes into contact with the end surface of the workpiece opposite to the one where the pulling claw comes into contact.
The workpiece is fixed in the axial direction.

If the distance between the rear end surface and the front end surface of the part to be gripped of the workpiece is different, the workpiece can be held at the appropriate position in the axial direction by rotating and indexing the reference surface of the reference metal according to the distance. to be fixed. Also,
When the diameter of the workpiece is different, by rotating and indexing the claw part of the pulling claw according to the diameter of the workpiece,
Fix the workpiece at the appropriate radial position.

That is, according to the above configuration, workpieces having different diameters can be reliably fixed at a predetermined position in the axial direction by the pulling claw with a simple configuration.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the chuck according to the present invention is provided with a cylindrical push member 2 in the center of a base member 1 disposed on the back so as to be movable forward and backward. . This pushing member 2 has a workpiece insertion hole 2a, which is a workpiece attachment part, for inserting a workpiece 3, which is a workpiece, in the center thereof, and a rear end that drives the pushing member 2 forward and backward. A cylinder (not shown) is connected.

Further, a disc-shaped diaphragm 4 having a workpiece insertion hole 4a in the center is provided in front of the pushing member 2 via an intervening member 6, and this diaphragm 4 is attached to the base member 1 with a bolt 5. installed. In the interlayer member 6 on the back side of the diaphragm 4, three gripping claw bases 7 provided radially on the front side of the diaphragm 4 are attached to bolts 8, 8, respectively.
It is fixed at .

An interlocking stand 10 is fixed to the gripping claw base 7 on the front side with bolts 9, and an adjusting bolt 11 for adjusting the radial position of the interfacing stand 10 is provided at the outer end. It is screwed on. Above intermediary stand 1
A gripping claw 12 for gripping the workpiece 3 from its outer periphery is fixed to the front side of the 0 with a hexagon socket head bolt 13. The gripping claw 12 includes a ball 14a and a spring 1.
4b, a screw 14c, and a V-groove 13a formed in the hexagon socket head bolt 13.

On the other hand, the front part of the diaphragm 4 in the base member 1 is close to the workpiece 3 and serves as a workpiece guide part 15 having a workpiece insertion hole 15a in the center.
Three substantially rectangular parallelepiped reference metals 16 are provided radially on the front side of the work guide portion 15. The reference metal 16 is fixed to the work guide part 15 by a hexagon socket head bolt 24 disposed in the center, and is configured to rotate around the hexagon socket head bolt 24.

The front surface of the reference metal 16 has two steps with different heights bordering on the center part, and reference members 17, 17 are provided at both ends of this two-step front surface, respectively. The front end surfaces of the members 17, 17 serve as reference surfaces 17a, 17a. These reference surfaces 17a, 17a have different heights corresponding to different works 3 to be attached to the main chuck. Further, the reference metal 16 has the above-mentioned gripping claw 12.
Similarly, ball 18a, spring 18b, screw 18c
A positioning mechanism 18 consisting of a V-groove 15b formed in the work guide portion 15 is also provided. With such a structure, the reference gold 16 is aligned with each reference surface 17.
a can be rotated and indexed. Then, the reference surface 17 of one reference member 17 in the reference metal 16
At point a, the rear end portion of the large diameter portion 3a of the workpiece 3 is supported.

Further, the base member 1 has three boss portions 19 .
are formed radially. A pull claw shaft 20 is rotatably and slidably fitted into the boss hole 19a of the boss portion 19, and a pull claw 21 is rotated by a hexagon socket head bolt 22 at the front end of the pull claw shaft 20. It can be installed freely.

The boss portion 19 is provided with a pin member 23 that penetrates the side wall of the boss portion 19 and has a pin portion 23a plunged into the boss hole 19a, while the pull shaft 20 is provided with the pin member 23. A guide groove 20a is formed into which the pin portion 23a is slidably inserted and allows the claw shaft 20 to move forward and backward while rotating when it receives a driving force in the front and back direction. The rear end portion of the pulling claw shaft 20 is provided with a pulling claw shaft holding portion 2b formed radially in the radial direction on the pushing member 2 in correspondence with the boss portion 19.
and are rotatably engaged. Thereby, the pulling claw 21 moves forward and backward while rotating in accordance with the forward and backward movement of the push member 2.

On the other hand, the pulling claw 21 has claw portions 21a at both ends that support the workpiece 3 from the front end side, and a recess 21b is formed in the center.
The hexagon socket head bolt 22 is arranged at 1b.
With such a structure, the pulling claw 21 can be attached to the claw portion 21
a, 21a can be rotated and indexed.

In the above configuration, when attaching the workpiece 3 to the main chuck, the push member 2 is first moved forward. When the push member 2 is moved, this force is transmitted to the diaphragm 4 via the interlayer member 6, causing the diaphragm 4 to deform in the forward direction. This results in
Gripping claw 12 attached to diaphragm 4
The tip rotates forward and outward. At the same time,
The pulling claw shaft 20 is attached to the pulling claw shaft holding portion 2b of the pushing member 2.
It receives the driving force of the pushing member 2 through the , and moves forward while being rotated, and the pulling claw 21 rotates in a direction away from the axial direction. Note that the operations up to this point correspond to operations when removing the workpiece 3.

In this state, the workpiece 3 is inserted into the chuck. Then, when the pushing member 2 is driven backward, the pressure on the diaphragm 4 is released, and the diaphragm 4 returns to its original shape. As a result, the gripping claws 12 are rotated in the original direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and grip the outer periphery of the workpiece 3. Simultaneously with this operation, the pulling claw shaft 20 is rotated rearward, the pulling claw 21 rotates in the axial direction, and presses the workpiece 3 in the axial direction from the front end side. On the other hand, large diameter portion 3
The rear end surface of a is supported by a reference member 17 of a reference metal 16. Therefore, the workpiece 3 has three gripping claws 12...
... and each of the three pulling claws 21
. . . and is clamped and fixed by the reference metal 16.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the workpiece 25 to be attached is different from the workpiece 3 described above, and
2, when the diameters of the parts to be gripped are different, loosen the bolts 9 provided on the interlocking table 10 and rotate the bolts 11 to move the interposer table 10, thereby changing the grip on the workpiece 25. The position of the claw 12 can be adjusted. In addition, if the diameter of the portion of the workpiece 25 to be fixed by the pulling claws 21 is different from that of the workpiece 3, the pulling claws 21... may be rotated by 180 degrees so that the claw portion 21a relative to the workpiece 25 is fixed to the workpiece 25.
The workpiece 25 can be reliably supported by being brought into contact with the front end surface of the workpiece 25.

Furthermore, the position of the rear end surface of the large diameter portion 3a of the workpiece 3,
That is, if the distance from the front end surface to the rear end surface is different, the reference metal 16 is rotated 180 degrees to create a reference member 1 having a reference surface 17a corresponding to the workpiece 3.
7 is brought into contact with the rear end surface of the large diameter portion 3a of the workpiece 3,
The workpiece 3 can be supported reliably.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, the chuck of the present invention is capable of contacting the workpiece and has a plurality of claws that contact the workpiece at different positions in the radial direction, and each claw can be rotated and indexed. It is equipped with a pulling claw that allows the user to move.

Therefore, by rotationally indexing the claw portion of the pulling claw, workpieces having different diameters of gripping portions in the axial direction can be reliably held with a simple configuration. Therefore, if the present invention is adopted, it is possible to effectively make the retracting claw function in a chuck using a diaphragm.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a chuck;
Figure 2 is a front view of the chuck shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a front view of the chuck shown in Figure 1;
The figure is a front view of the chuck with another workpiece attached. 1 is a base member, 2 is a push member, 2a is a workpiece insertion hole (workpiece attachment part), 2b is a pulling claw shaft holding part,
3 and 25 are workpieces (workpieces), 3a is a large diameter part,
4 is a diaphragm, 12 is a gripping claw, 16 is a reference metal, 17 is a reference member, 17a is a reference surface, 18 is a positioning mechanism, 20 is a pulling claw shaft, 21 is a pulling claw, 2
1a is a claw portion.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A diaphragm attached to a base member, gripping claws provided radially on the end face of the diaphragm, penetrating the center of the base member, and moving back and forth in the axial direction a pushing member that opens and closes the gripping claw by elastically deforming the gripping claw; a pulling claw that moves forward and backward in the axial direction together with the pushing member to pull the workpiece in the axial direction; It is equipped with a reference metal that clamps and positions the workpiece together with the claw.
A plurality of these reference metals are disposed in the outer circumferential direction of the workpiece attachment part so as to be able to come into contact with the workpiece, and have a plurality of reference planes at different positions in the chuck axis direction, and each reference plane The pulling claw is capable of contacting the workpiece and has a plurality of claw portions that contact the workpiece at different positions in the radial direction. , a chuck characterized in that each claw portion is provided so as to be rotationally indexable.