JPS61242979A - Manufacture of compost utilizing general and industrial wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] B) Industrial Application Field This invention is applicable to organic sludge or thfI! The present invention relates to a compost production method in which three types of mixed waste: physical residue, organic sludge or incineration ash of animal and plant residue, and livestock excrement are composted in a compost production pit built on the ground.

(b) Conventional technology Currently, chemical fertilizers are mainly used in the country's agricultural lands, which causes the soil to become acidic and cause continuous cropping problems, and lack of organic matter, resulting in poor aeration. There is a strong need for fertilizer.

In addition, sawdust has been used as a moisture reducing agent to turn various types of sludge with high water content into compost, but sawdust contains substances that are difficult to decompose organically.

Therefore, it was unsuitable as a reducing agent.

(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention In order to prevent acidification of soil, it is necessary to produce compost, which is an organic fertilizer, in large quantities and at low cost in place of conventional chemical fertilizers.

In addition, sawdust used as a water reducing agent for various types of sludge is difficult to compost because it contains substances that are difficult to decompose, such as lignin, terpenes, and cellulose, so it can be used as a water reducing agent instead. Appropriate organic waste incineration ash should be used.

B) Means for Solving the Problems An example of a dormitory equipped with the air supply, collection and drainage purification mechanism of the present invention and producing compost in a compost production pit built on the ground will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the depth is approximately 1 to 2 m to the extent that water does not spring to the ground.
A compost production pit was created, and the side retaining wall 1 had a slope of about 60 degrees to prevent collapse, and the bottom part 2 had a slope of about 2 degrees to collect water.
A water gradient of 1/00 is attached, and a fourth
As shown in the figure, a water collection culvert 8 is provided approximately lIn below surface 2.
The entire interior of the pit and water collection culvert 8 is lined with vinyl chloride-based or vinyl acetate-based water stopper S'-) 4 to perform water supply work.

Note that a rubber sheet may be used instead of the clean water sheet 4.

Next, a perforated pipe 6 with a diameter of 3001 culm and having small holes of 5u in diameter around it is laid in the center of the water collection culvert 8 at a slope of about 1/200, and this perforated pipe 6 has several perforated branches. A pipe 5' is attached.

Inside each of the porous pipe 5 and the porous branch pipe 52, there is a particle size of about 7
1 small gravel 6, and each outer part has a particle size of about 25 f.
Fill with approximately 1 liter of gravel and crushed stone.

Further, at the end of the perforated pipe 5, there is a concrete vertical air supply pipe 1G having a blower 8 at the top and a drainage storage basin 9 at the eave.
A submersible motor 12 with a float switch and a submersible pump 11 are also installed, which operate according to the water level of the wastewater stored in the drainage storage basin 9 at the bottom.

In the figure, 18 is a wastewater treatment equipment, 14 is an open channel to prevent surface water from flowing into the A, B, and C stacks, 15 is a mud basin for the open channel, and 16 is a place where people stand in the compost production area. The enclosure that prevents people from entering, 17 is iron 111! It's a door.

A bank built on the ground as shown above! Organic sludge or animal and plant residues are placed on top of the cancer layer soil A that is covered with protective soil on the bottom surface of the bottom 2 of the production pit, and incineration of fine-air sludge or animal and plant residues is used as a moisture reducing agent in place of conventional sawdust. Mixed waste B of three types, ash and livestock excrement, is spread, and the soil is covered with regular soil C to prevent bad odors.

The organic sludge, animal and plant residues, and livestock manure used in the present invention are as follows.

11) Sludge generated from organic sludge wastewater treatment, paper manufacturing sludge, building pit sludge (
(excluding human waste), sewage treatment sludge, dyeing treatment sludge, dyeing wastewater treatment sludge, cleaning wastewater treatment sludge, sewer pipe cleaning sludge, yeast culture residue, powdered soups, liquid waste extinguishers.

(2) Pickled animal ham, sausage, bacon, screen residue, oh...
From eggs, shells, cheese dregs, product dregs.

(8)! Physical property residue Vegetables, fruits, pickle residue, wheat, rice, soybean brewing residue, spice residue, bread crumbs, dough layer, starch, candy residue, okara, ma
Coffee grounds.

(4) Livestock manure Chicken dung, pig dung, cow dung.

(E) Effect) [A%B, As time passes, the temperature inside CIIWII begins to rise due to organic decomposition due to the action of microorganisms and bacteria.

During that time, blower 8 is operated periodically to control A, B, and CW1.
1. When air is introduced into the interior and the inside of the stack is maintained in an aerobic atmosphere, the temperature inside the stack gradually rises to 60℃ to 70℃ due to the organic decomposition of mixed waste B due to the activities of microorganisms and bacteria. A constant state is reached and the bacteria die.

This state is reached in an average of 80 days, depending on the external temperature in summer and winter, and the composting process is completed.

Next, rainwater during the composting process percolates into A%B, C@@ to some extent, but most of it flows to the outside from the surface and is discharged from the open channel 14 as surface water.

A part of the permeated water that is not discharged to the outside is evaporated and dissipated by the heat of the compost, and the remainder that is not dissipated naturally settles and is guided downward to the water collection channel 8 along the water gradient of the pit bottom surface 2, and is passed through the porous pipe. 5 and the perforated branch pipe 5', enter the inside of the perforated pipe 5 and the perforated branch pipe 5' through gravel and crushed stones @ 7, and flow through the small gravel 6 filled inside each of them to form gravel and crushed stones 7. The water is purified by contact oxidation by microorganisms and bacteria attached to the surface of the small gravel 6, and then falls and flows into the wastewater storage basin 9 provided at the lower end of the vertical air supply pipe 10.

At this time, air is introduced into the A, B, C laminated interior and the water collection culvert 8 through the perforated pipe 5 and the perforated branch pipe 5 by the action of Pro-8 to maintain an aerobic atmosphere, as shown above. It promotes the organic decomposition of the mixed waste B and also promotes the activity of microorganisms and bacteria attached to the surface of the gravel and crushed stones #I7 in the water collection channel 8 and the small gravel 6 inside the porous pipe 6 and the porous branch pipe 5, and organic matter is decomposed and purified.

When the water level inside the purified waste water storage basin 9 reaches a specified water level, the motor 12 with a float switch starts operating.
A submersible pump 11 directs the waste water to the ground. Note that the setting of the specified water level does not interfere with the air supply to the blower 8 located at the center of the porous pipe 6.

If the water quality is below the wastewater standard value, the wastewater pumped to the ground will be discharged as is, and if it is below the wastewater standard value, it will be treated with a wastewater treatment system! It is guided to f18 and is reprocessed and then released.

(f) Effects of organic sludge or animal and plant residues according to the present invention, organic sludge or animal and plant residues a! Conventionally, it has not been possible to compost a mixture of incineration ash and dormitory animal waste in large quantities and at low cost in a compost production pit built on the ground that is equipped with an air supply, collection and drainage purification mechanism. This is an original method that is completely different from the conventional method of composting inside a mechanical device, and it is also of great significance in terms of pollution prevention.

In addition, the produced compost is rich in organic matter, and unlike conventional chemical fertilizers, it prevents soil acidification and continuous cropping damage, and can be mass-produced at about one-fourth the cost of conventional fertilizers, making it a great choice for farmers and agricultural stakeholders. This was very advantageous for the people.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the compost production pit of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view, and Fig. 4 is a partial cross-section of the water collection culvert and vertical air supply pipe, as well as mixed waste and soil. This indicates the state of 】・・・Side compound wall, 2... Pit bottom, 8...
... Water collection 44 ... Water stop sheet, 5 ... Porous pipe,
5...Porous branch pipe, 6...Small gravel, 7...Gravel, crushed stone, 8...Plower 9...Drainage storage basin, 10...Vertical air supply pipe , 11... underwater bonding,
12... Submersible motor with float switch. A: Bottom soil, B: Mixed waste, C...
・Normal soil. Patent applicant Gendai Kensetsu Co., Ltd. Director Sugi f!瑣 -111
t, Figure #1*19*J shore

Claims (1)

[Claims] Organic sludge or animal and plant residues, organic sludge or animal and plant residues are placed on top of the bottom layer soil A, which is covered with soil as protective soil on the top surface of the bottom 2 of a compost production pit that is equipped with an air supply, collection and drainage purification mechanism and is created on the ground. Three types of mixed waste B, consisting of residual incineration ash and livestock excrement, are spread, and after covering the waste with regular soil C to prevent the emission of bad odors, the blower 8 is periodically operated to perform the above A, B, General and industrial waste, which is characterized by introducing air into the laminated layer C, maintaining the inside of the laminated layer in an aerobic atmosphere, and organically decomposing the mixed waste B and composting it through the activities of microorganisms and bacteria. Compost production method used.