JPS61232571A - Clad type sealed lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To smoothly undergo charge-discharge reaction by stacking a clad type positive plate using a lead alloy core and a square tube, a porous separator, and a negative plate so that one side of the square tube is closely brought into contact with the separator to form a plate group, and impregnating electrolyte to the plate group. CONSTITUTION:A plate group in a clad type sealed lead-acid battery is formed in such a way that a positive plate comprising a core 1 made of Pb-Ca-Sn alloy or Pb-Sn-Ag alloy which is not substantially reducing hydrogen overvoltage, a square tube 2 made of glass or polyester fiber, and active material 3 filled in a space between the core 1 and tube 2, and a negative plate 4 comprising lead alloy, and a porous separator 5 comprising glass fiber are stacked so that one side 2' of the tube 2 is closely brought into contact with the separator 5. A specified amount of electrolyte is impregnated in the plate group. The charge-discharge cycle life is lengthened even if lead alloy core is used, and since the amount of electrolyte is limited, loss of water is decreased by closed reaction of oxygen cycle. Therefore, manufacture of maintenance-free battery is made possible.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the structure of a clad sealed lead acid battery.

Prior Art and its Problems The most common method for making lead-acid batteries maintenance-free is to use a lead alloy, such as a lead-calcium alloy, in the grid, which does not significantly reduce the hydrogen overvoltage.

Again l+ll11! A more advanced maintenance-free battery can be obtained by impregnating the electrode plate group with the electrolyte solution and causing a sealed reaction in the oxygen cycle.

However, a common drawback of paste-type positive electrode plates with this type of alloy is that due to the elongation of the lattice, a so-called barrier layer with poor conductivity is formed between the lattice and the active material, and the bonds between the active material particles are broken, causing them to soften and fall off. There was a problem in that the charge/discharge cycle life was short due to the severe damage. On the other hand, as is well known, a clad type electrode plate usually has a structure in which cladding having a cylindrical cross section is lined up in a row, so that the flat separator contacts the cladding only at one point on the circumference. Therefore, υII9! In a sealed battery in which the electrode plate group is impregnated with the electrolyte solution, there is a problem in that the conductivity of the electrolyte between the separator and the positive electrode plate is poor, which hinders charge and discharge reactions, resulting in poor performance.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention uses a clad type positive electrode plate using a lead alloy core and a square tube with a rectangular cross section, which does not significantly reduce hydrogen overvoltage, a porous separator, and a negative electrode plate. , a clad type sealed lead-acid battery in which square tubes are stacked so that one side of the square tube and a porous separator are in close contact with each other, and the stacked electrode plates are impregnated with a limited amount of electrolyte, and a porous separator made of long glass fiber or It is characterized by the use of a mat made of short fibers.

Function Since the lead-acid battery according to the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration,
The advantage of using a clad type positive electrode plate is that the active material surrounds the core metal and is firmly held in the tube, so even if lead alloy is used, which does not significantly reduce the hydrogen overvoltage, corrosion of the core metal and active material Less softening and falling off. In addition, by using a square tube, the positive prayer plate is brought into close contact with the porous separator on all sides, and the kingship active material and negative electrode active material are connected with the electrolyte through the tube and the separator, and the charge/discharge reaction does not occur. proceed smoothly.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of an embodiment of a clad-type sealed lead-acid battery according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a core made of a lead alloy that does not significantly reduce the hydrogen overvoltage, such as a lead-calcium-tin alloy, a lead-tin-silver alloy, or a lead-antimony-arsenic-tin-copper alloy containing less than 2% antimony. Gold and 2 are square tubes with a rectangular cross section, and are braided tubes or nonwoven tubes made of acid- and oxidation-resistant materials, such as fibers such as glass, polyester, and polyacrylonitrile. The cross section of this tube is a rectangle including a square, and the tube is arranged so that its two sides 2' are parallel to the separator. 3 is an active material filled in the gap between the core bar 1 and the tube 2, and 1 to 3 form a positive electrode plate.

4 is a negative electrode plate, and like the positive electrode plate, it is preferable to use a grid made of a lead alloy that does not significantly reduce the hydrogen overvoltage.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a porous separator, which is made of a material that holds the electrolyte sufficiently and strongly, and has a microporous structure.

As a material having this characteristic, a mat formed of fibers made of glass or acid-resistant plastic is preferable. 6
is a battery case. The pair of sides 2' of the tube 2 and the separator 5 are pressed tightly together to place the electrode plate group in the battery case.

Effects of the Invention Since the lead-acid battery according to the present invention has the content and structure as described above, it has the following effects.

(1) Since it is a clad type, the charge/discharge cycle life is long even if a lead alloy is used for the core metal, which does not significantly reduce hydrogen overvoltage.

(2) Since the tube is in close contact with the separator, ion movement is good and performance is excellent.

(3) Since the amount of electrolyte is limited, there is little loss of water due to the sealed reaction caused by the oxygen cycle, and there is no need for water replenishment, that is, no maintenance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of an embodiment of a clad-type sealed lead-acid battery according to the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Consists of a clad type positive electrode plate, a porous separator, and a negative electrode plate using a lead alloy core that does not significantly reduce hydrogen overvoltage and a square tube with a rectangular cross section, and the square tube A clad-type sealed lead-acid battery characterized in that a group of electrode plates stacked such that one side of the porous separator is in close contact with the porous separator is impregnated with a limited amount of electrolyte. 2. The clad-type sealed lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein a mat made of long glass fibers or short fibers is used as the porous separator.