JPS61193767A - Pressure reducing packing and casting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a titled equipment for improving the casting quality and the productivity by providing a molding set robot, automatic carrying conveyor line of a casting frame, a pressure reducing system for holding the inside of the casting frame in a pressure-reduced state, a charging robot, a fetching robot of a casting, a casting frame inverting device, and a sand cooling device. CONSTITUTION:A casting frame 15 is transferred by an automatic carrying conveyor line by fluidizing the sand 17 in the casting frame 15 by a pressure flow mechanism containing a pressure valve 15b, a pressure system 18 and a pressure pipeline 19, and in this state, by embedding a disappearing model consisting of a design part 10a and a product part 10b by a molding set robot 4. When the casting frame is being transferred, the inside of the casting frame is evacuated to a prescribed degree of pressure reduction for a prescribed time by a pressure reducing mechanism, and by synchronizing with said line 5, a charging robot 7 executes charging to the casting frame 15. When it is coagulated, a fetching robot 8 fetches a casting by synchronizing with the line 5, and the casting frame 15 is transferred further and inverted by a casting frame inverting device, and cooled by a sand 17 cooling device by recovering the sand 17.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to vacuum filling casting equipment used in a filling casting method using a fugitive model ◇ (Prior art) A filling casting method using a fugitive model is Although it is used to manufacture press molds and jigs for large machines, most of the molding is done by hand, resulting in extremely poor productivity.

In order to deal with this, it has already been proposed to perform the molding process by a vacuum filling casting method (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 46-54578 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 44-77771). Compared to the conventional filling casting method, the moldability and post-processing properties in the mold disassembly process are significantly improved. (Problems to be solved by the invention) As mentioned above, the vacuum filling casting method has improved moldability and Although it has excellent post-processing properties, the entire casting process has not been automated in consideration of this vacuum filling casting method.
There were problems with productivity and casting quality (it has already been proposed to automate part of the casting process using the conventional simple filling casting method (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 156448/1983). The present invention was made in order to solve such problems, and the purpose is to obtain vacuum filling casting equipment that can improve productivity and casting quality.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a modeling set robot that embeds a fugitive model in fluidized sand in a flask, an automatic conveyor line that transports the flask, and a vacuum inside the flask. A decompression system that maintains the current state, a pouring robot that automatically pours metal into the flask, a take-out robot that takes out solidified castings from fluidized sand, and a flask inversion device that inverts the flask and recovers the sand. , and a cooling device for cooling the recovered sand.

(Operation) The sand in the flask is fluidized by the pressurizing mechanism, and in this state the disappearing model is buried by the modeling set robot. The flask in which the fugitive model is embedded is placed on an automatic conveyor line and transported. While the flask is being transferred, the pressure is reduced to a predetermined degree of vacuum within a predetermined time. While the flask is being transferred in this way, a pouring robot pours metal into the flask in synchronization with the automatic conveyor line.When the casting has solidified, a take-out robot pours it into the flask in synchronization with the automatic conveyor line. The flask from which the cast product has been taken out is further transferred, and then turned over by a flask reversing device to recover sand.◇The recovered sand is cooled by a sand cooling device.

(Example) The present invention will be described below with reference to examples shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the vacuum filling casting equipment according to the present invention, which includes a model conveyor 1, a coating robot 2, a coating drying oven 3, a mold set robot 4, and an automatic conveyor line 5 for conveying flasks. , a field setting device 6, a pouring robot 7, and a take-out robot 8 are its main components.

These will be explained in detail below.The model conveyor 1 is a well-known power-free conveyor, trolley 1a, as shown in detail in FIGS. 2(J) and 2(b).
A model conveyance jig 9 is attached to the lower end of.

In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a disappearing model consisting of a design part 10a and a product part 10b, which is set in the model transport jig 9 by guiding a part of the runner of the design part jOa. ing. Positioning of the trolley 1a during setting is performed by fixing the trolley 1a with a cylinder (not shown).

The mold coating robot 2 applies a mold to the fugitive model 10 conveyed by the model conveyor 1, and as shown in FIG. 3, an opening/closing hand 2b is attached to the tip of an arm 2a. A clamper 2c that interlocks with the opening/closing hand 2b is attached to the opening/closing hand 2b. After the fugitive model 10 is clamped by the clamper 2C, the fugitive model 10 is transferred to the coating mold tank 1.
1. The mold coating tank 11 contains a mold coating material 11a prepared in advance, and the precipitated mold coating material 11
a is stirred by a fan 12a driven by a motor 12. The arm 2a is the support 2d
The arm 2a is freely pivotable around the center, and the arm 2a is extendable and retractable. Furthermore, the clamper 2C is rotatable relative to the opening/closing knob 2b. This clamper 2C
The rotation of the model 10 eliminates the dripping of the coating material 11a after dipping.
It is done to shake off the situation.

The fugitive model 10 coated as described above is transferred by the coating robot 2 to a drying conveyor 13Vc equipped with a model drying oven 3, and is dried in the drying oven 3. This drying oven 3 may be a commercially available one, and its heat source may be a heater, infrared rays, gas, etc., and the temperature is usually set at 40'-60°C. Further, the drying conveyor 13 is similar to the model conveyor 1.

The fugitive model 10 dried as described above is transferred to the vicinity of the molding set robot 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, the molded Centrobot 4 has a main body 4a.
A pillar 4b that is extendable and retractable, a robot arm 4C that is rotatable around the pillar 4b, and a robot arm 4C.
It consists of a hand 4d that is extendable and retractable, and a clamper 4e that is rotatably attached to the tip of the hand 4d.
A photographing table 14 is installed below the clamper 4e. A casting flask 15 is placed on the o4ti motion table 14, and a sand supply hopper 16 shown in FIG. An appropriate amount of non-caking sand 17 is supplied in advance. At the bottom of the flask 15, a flowing elm plate 15a is installed at a predetermined distance from the bottom surface, and non-caking sand 17 is supplied onto the elm plate 15a. A pressurizing valve 15b is attached to the flask 15. This pulp 15b is connected to a pressurizing system 18 that sets the timing of pressurized supply in conjunction with the movement of the molding section robot 4, and a pressurizing pipe 19 is further connected to the pressurizing system 18. There is.

When pressurized fluid is supplied into the flask 15 from the pressurizing valve 15b, the pressurized fluid flows through the flowing element 15a and causes the non-caking sand 17 on the elm plate 15a to flow.

On the other hand, the molding section robot 4 clamps the sprue 10a of the fugitive model 10 transferred by the drying conveyor 13, positions the model 10 above the flask 15, and then lowers the model 10 to perform processing. It is buried in non-caking sand 17 which is fluidized by pressure fluid. After burying, it is preferable to vibrate the vibration table 14 and vibrate the flask 15 in order to improve the sand filling property in the model product part 10b. It is preferable to apply vibration not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction. Excitation from two directions in this way is particularly effective when the evanescent model is in the form of a thin plate.〇Further improves sand filling propertiesK It is preferable to reduce the pressure inside the flask 15, and by simultaneously reducing the pressure while the flask 15 is being vibrated, sand filling becomes more complete. Note that the degree of pressure reduction is set to about 400 to 600 ■Hg.

As mentioned above, vibration and depressurization have been described as means of improving sand filling properties, but if the shape of the fugitive model 10 is simpler, depressurization is not necessary and photographing alone is sufficient to achieve the purpose. ◇ The molding set robot 4 is selected depending on the operation content of the peripheral equipment and the shape of the fugitive model 10. If the fugitive model 10 has a complicated shape, the molding set robot 4 may be In consideration of casting quality such as castability and model distortion, robots are required to have more complex functions, such as feedback functions to deal with complex movements when setting 10 models or model resistance against fluidized sand. Conversely, if the shape of the model 10 is simpler, a simpler robot can be used instead.

The flask 15 whose sand filling into the model product section 10b has been completed as described above is transferred to the automatic conveyor line 5 as shown in FIG. 5. In other words, when the sand filling is completed,
The flask lifting device 23 grips the flask 15 as it is lowered by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). The lifting device 23 that grips the flask 15 moves in the direction of the automatic conveyor line 5, places the flask 15 on the conveyor line 5, and then ascends. The reduced pressure is maintained during the movement of the flask 15 by a reduced pressure/stem 24 provided in the flask lifting device 23. This pressure reduction system 24 is connected to a pressure reduction pipe 26 connected to a vacuum pump 25 shown in FIG.

The degree of vacuum at this time is 400 to 600, the same as when filling with sand.
wHg is set ◎ The casting flask 15 is transferred to the automatic conveyor line 5 as described above.
When the flask 15 is transferred upward, the connection between the flask 15 and the depressurization system 24 is cut off, and a depressurization system 27 provided on the automatic conveyor line 5 is connected to the flask 15 instead. The reduced pressure is maintained in conjunction with the conveyance speed of the flask 15 on the automatic conveyor line 5, and the reduced pressure is supplied to this reduced pressure system 27 from the reduced pressure piping 26◇The reduced pressure here The temperature is usually set at 400 to 600 WLHg, taking into consideration mold collapse, flowability during pouring, mold cracking, and mold strength, but also taking into consideration the shape of the model, particle size of non-caking sand, etc. The optimal conditions are determined.

When the flask 15 is transported as described above and reaches the film setting device 6, the top surface of the flask 15 is covered with a fugitive film 28 made of a non-porous plastic resin.

FIG. 6 shows a film setting device 6, which is equipped with a frame 6a that is raised and lowered by a cylinder 29, and a film guide member 6b that is suspended horizontally on the frame 6a. Drive rollers 31a and 31b driven by a motor 30 are attached to the member 6b, and a free roller 61 is attached to the center of the member 6b.
The zero film 28 to which c is attached is unwound from a roll film 33 that is rotatably attached to a film supply jig 32, and is rolled by the rollers 31a, 31b, 31.
When the flask 15 transferred by the automatic conveyor line 5 reaches just below the film 28, the cylinder 29 is activated and the frame body 6a is lowered. This descent occurs as follows: film 2
8 comes into contact with the upper surface of the flask 15, and the roller 31a
, 31b.

31c continues until it reaches below the upper surface of the flask 15. As is clear from the figure, the flask 15 is located between the drive roller 31b on the side far from the roll film 33 and the free roller 51c. The frame body 6
When the flask 15 and the free roller 31c have stopped descending, the film between the flask 15 and the free roller 31c comes into contact with the heater 35 erected on the pedestal 54, and by contacting the heater 35 of the film 28, disconnected. When the film 28 is cut, the driving Ivy rollers 31a, 31bI
The clamp of the film 28 by C is released, and the frame body 6a rises and returns to its original position. At this time, the free roller 3
The clamping of the film 28 by 1c remains in place. By setting this film, the series of molding is completed.

The flask 15 with the film 28 set thereon is further transported, and when it reaches the location where the pouring robot 7 is installed, pouring is performed there. FIG. 7 shows the pouring robot 7, which includes an arm 7b attached to a support 7a, a hand 7C that is extendable to the arm 7b, a tray bear d attached to the hand 7c, and an automatic conveyor line. 5
Molten metal is poured into the flask 15 from the pair of melting furnaces 36 in synchronization with the above. The pouring is performed while the inside of the flask 15 is kept in a reduced pressure state. This reduced pressure is continued until the product portion 10b solidifies.

Note that when pouring molten metal using a robot, it is difficult to precisely control the amount of molten metal poured, so it is necessary to install a weir (not shown) directly above the sprue.

In addition, environmental problems caused by the combustion gas of Styrofoam generated during pouring can be dealt with by using a dust collector, an odor device, and a vacuum suction device (not shown). After pouring, around the top of the flask 15 Film remaining in the area 2
8 is removed by a film removing device 37 shown in FIG. 8. This film removing device 37 includes a machine frame 37a,
The suction vibrator 3 is raised and lowered by the lifting cylinder 37b attached to the machine frame 37a and the lifting cylinder 7b.
7 (and a rubber film contact part 37d is attached to the tip of the suction vibrator 37c.

When the cast flask 15 after pouring reaches the installation location of the film removing device #37, the lifting cylinder 37b is activated and the suction pipe 3
7c descends 0 At this point, the reduced pressure in the flask 15 has already been released, so after the film contact portion 37d contacts the film 28, a horizontal movement mechanism (not shown) moves the suction pipe 57c in the horizontal direction. , the remaining film is removed from the flask 15 at the O film contact area 3.
The film 28 sucked at 7d is carried above the pallet 38, where the suction is released, so that the film 28
will fall into the pallet 38.

The flask 15 from which the film 28 has been removed reaches the location where the take-out robot 8 is installed, and the product is taken out here. An arm 8a that is rotatable and movable up and down, a node 8b that is attached to the tip of the arm 8a and is extendable to the arm 8a, and a clamper 8C that is rotatably attached to the node 8b. When the flask 15 made up of 0 reaches the installation location of the robot 8, the pressurizing system 18 is connected to the flask 15, and the inside of the flask 15 is pressurized. Due to this pressure, non-caking sand 1
7 is fluidized again, but at this time, the sprue 1 (la) is clamped in advance by the clamper 8C just before the sand 17 is fluidized. When the non-caking sand 17 is loosened by the pressurized flow, the arm 8a rises and further performs operations such as shaking off sand adhering to the product directly above the flask 15, tilting or reversing the product, etc.The product thus taken out from the flask 15 is The take-out robot 8 transfers the product to a product pallet 59 shown in FIG. 1, and from there it is sent to post-processing.

The flask 15 from which the product has been taken out is further conveyed to the first
The flask is reversed by a flask reversing device 40 shown in the figure.

The non-caking sand recovered by reversing the flask 15 is sieved to remove metal pieces, mold pieces and some solids that reacted with the sand during combustion of the Styrofoam.

The sieved sand is conveyed by a sand conveyor 41 to a sand cooling device 42, where it is cooled to 20°-50°C. As the sand cooling device 42, a known sand cooler equipped with cooling water pipes is used.

The sand after cooling is returned to the sand supply hopper 16 by the packet elevator 43. (Effects) As is clear from the above, in the present invention, the evanescent model is buried in the fluidized sand by the robot, so the positioning of the model is easy. This will be done quickly, dramatically improving the molding cycle and casting quality.

Furthermore, since pouring, product removal, and sand recovery are performed automatically without manual intervention, productivity is dramatically improved, and casting quality can be stabilized and improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing the overall configuration of the equipment according to the present invention, FIG. 2(a) is a front view of a model conveyor, and FIG. 2(b)
is a side view of the same figure (a), FIG. 3 is a front view of the mold coating robot, FIG. 4 is a front view of the molding set robot, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram when transferring the casting flask to the automatic conveyor line. 6 is a front view of the film setting device, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the pouring robot, FIG. 8 is a front view of the film removing device, and FIG. 9 is a front view of the take-out robot. 2...Mold coating robot 4...Mold set robot 5...Automatic transport conveyor line 7...Pouring robot 8...Takeout robot 10...Disappearance model 15...Casting flask

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A fugitive model transported to the vicinity of a flask equipped with a pressurized flow mechanism and a decompression mechanism is buried in fluidized sand in the flask that is made to flow by the pressurized flow mechanism. a molding set robot, an automatic conveyor line for transporting the flask in which the model is embedded, and a depressurization state in the flask on the conveyor line at a predetermined degree of depressurization for a predetermined period of time via the decompression mechanism. a depressurization system to maintain the fluidized sand; a pouring robot that automatically pours molten metal into the flasks on the conveyor line in synchronization with the conveyor line; a taking-out robot that takes out the solidified casting, a flask inversion device that recovers sand by inverting the flask from which the casting has been taken out, and a sand cooling device that cools the recovered sand. Vacuum filling and casting equipment characterized by: