JPS611902A - Steam generator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a steam generator used in, for example, a thermal power plant.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a conventional steam generator, and the conventional apparatus will first be explained with reference to this diagram.

1 is a make-up water tank that stores make-up water into the system and water expanded from the system; 2 is a stop valve provided on the outlet side of tank 1;
3a is a make-up water pipe leading from the tank 1 to the make-up water pump 4;
Reference numerals 32 to 3d designate make-up water piping connecting the make-up water pump 4 to the header 8, the make-up amount adjusting valve 7, the check valve 5, and the stop 6 in series.

9 is a circulation pump; 10 is a water supply return line lla and llb from the water supply pump 9 to the makeup water tank 1; 13 is a water supply line 12 from the circulation pump 9;
Pressurized boiler water is supplied through a, and oil, gas,
Steam generation equipment that generates steam by heating with a heat source such as electric power; 14 is a steam consumption equipment that performs work by consuming steam introduced from the steam generation equipment I3 via steam 12b;
5 is a steam line 12c on the outlet side of the steam consumption equipment, 1
2d is a steam pressure regulating valve for regulating the steam pressure; 16 is a pressure regulator that detects the steam pressure in the steam line 12c and controls opening and closing of the regulating valve 15; and 17 is a safety valve.

18 is a condenser that condenses the steam supplied from the steam line 12d with cooling water passing through the cooling water line 19;
20 is a deaerator 21 for drain condensed in the condenser 18;
22 is a deaerator water level controller that controls the amount of circulating water in the system so as to keep the water level of the deaerator 21 constant; 23 is a deaerator water level controller that heats the water supply in the deaerator 21 ,
Heating steam lines 12e to 12g, which remove oxygen dissolved in the water supply, are water supply lines, respectively.

The water supply line 12g is branched, and one side is connected to the spatula 8, and the other side is connected to the deaerated water flow rate control valve 24. This control valve 24 is connected to the make-up water tank 1 via a deaerated water return line 25. The amount of opening and closing of the deaerated water flow rate control valve 24 is controlled by the deaerator water level controller 22 together with the make-up water amount control valve 7.

Now, in the conventional steam generator configured as described above, the feed water pump 9, the steam generation equipment 13, the steam consumption equipment 14, the steam pressure control valve 15, the condenser 18, the condensate pump 20, and the deaerator 21 are connected to the water supply and The pipes 12a to 12g and the header 8 forming a steam circulation line form a closed path. Then, the steam generated in the steam generation equipment 13 under the required conditions is supplied to the steam consumption equipment 14, and the steam exiting here is depressurized by the pressure control valve 15 and then supplied to the condenser 1B. In the condenser] 8, the steam is cooled to a temperature 1 near normal temperature and condensed to become boiler water, which is supplied to a deaerator 21 by a condensate pump 20 and heated to 1oo0c or higher. The deaerator 21 is a device that removes oxygen dissolved in boiler water by heating the boiler water. It deaerates the air.

The boiler water held in the deaerator 21 is then transferred to the header 8.
The water is supplied to the suction side of the water supply pump 9 through the water supply pump 9 to form a circulation loop. At this time, the water level held in the deaerator 21 tends to fluctuate depending on the operating state of the system, but in order to maintain good deaeration performance, it is necessary to keep the water level constant. This control is performed by a water level controller 22.

That is, if the water level of the deaerator 21 rises, the water level controller 22
Open the deaerated water flow control valve 24.

The bulging boiler water is stored in the make-up water tank 1, and conversely, when the water level drops, the make-up water amount control valve 7 is opened to supply water from the tank 1 to the suction side of the water supply pump 9.

Problems with the Prior Art The conventional steam generator as described above has the following problems. In other words, (force steam generation equipment 13
This is because the boiler water circulation line is such that the steam generated in the boiler is condensed to a temperature near room temperature in the condenser 18, then heated again to hot water of 100°C or higher in the deaerator 21, and then sent to the water supply pump 9. Thermal efficiency of the device is poor.

(a) The water supply pump 9, which determines the amount of circulation in the system, needs to be a high-head pump that can raise the pressure from near atmospheric pressure to operating pressure, and needs to be functionally complex and high-output.

(1) Boiler water temperature conditions for 13 steam generation facilities are 1
Since the temperature is approximately 00°C, a large heating source is required to obtain the required steam in the steam generation equipment 13, which is generally operated at high pressure.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made for the purpose of providing a steam generator that eliminates the above-mentioned conventional problems.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the problems of the conventional art, the present invention includes a circulation system that includes a steam separator and a sub-colander in place of the deaerator.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, the same parts as in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals.

In Fig. 1, a make-up water tank 1, a stop valve 2, a make-up water pump 4, a check valve 5, a stop valve 6, a header 8, and a circulation pump 9.
, steam generation equipment 13, and steam consumption equipment 14 are the same as conventional ones, and these are pipes 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 1
2a, ]2b. A circulating water flow rate control valve 31 is provided between the circulation pump 9 and the steam generation equipment 130.

Steam exiting the steam consumption equipment 14 is supplied to the steam separator 33 via the steam line 12c. In the steam/water separator 33,
A safety valve 34, a deaeration belt valve 35, and a water level regulator 36, which will be described later, are provided. The steam/water separator 33 is connected to the connecting pipe 3'
7a, 37b, header 38a.

It is connected to the condensing pipe 39 of the air-cooled condenser 4o via 38b. The outlet side of the steam/water separator 33 is connected to the subcooler 42 via a pipe line 12h, and the outlet pipe 12g thereof is connected to the header 8. Therefore, the circulation pump 9, the circulating water amount control valve 31, the steam generation equipment 13, the steam consumption equipment 1
4. The steam/water separator 33 and the subcooler 42 are connected to the piping 12a
, 12b, 12c, 12h.

12g, the header 8, etc., form a closed circuit.

In addition, the piping 12 connecting the steam/water separator 33 and the subcooler 42
h is branched and connected to the make-up water tank 1 via a water level control valve 44 for regulating the water level of the steam separator 33 and a blow pipe 45. This water level control valve 44 is connected to the water level controller 36
Opening/closing is controlled by

Cooling air is sent from the blower 46 to the air-cooled condenser 40 through a duct 49a, and a damper 47 for regulating cooling air is provided in the middle of the duct 49a. Opening and closing of this damper 47 is controlled by a pressure regulator 41 provided in the steam/water separator 33. Good luck, Bloor 46
The duct 49a branches into a duct 49b near the exit of the subcooler 49, which is connected to the subcooler 42 via a cooling air adjustment damper 48 for the subcooler. Note that this damper 48 is controlled to open and close by a temperature controller 43 provided on the outlet side of the subcooler 42.

Next, the operation of the device of the present invention will be explained.

Circulating water in a circulation system consisting of a circulation pump 9, a flow rate control valve 31, a steam generation facility 13, a steam consumption facility 14, a steam separator 33, a subcooler 42, etc. is used to generate steam by the circulation pump 9 and flow rate control valve 3. It is sent to equipment 13, where it is heated and the required steam conditions are established. This steam is then supplied to the steam consumption equipment 14 to do work. Therefore, steam is discharged from the steam consumption equipment 14 as a mixed fluid of steam and water,
This fluid is introduced into the steam separator 33.

The steam-water separator 33 separates a steam-water mixture into steam and water. The steam is introduced into the condensing pipe 39 of the air-cooled condenser 40, where it is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling air sent from the blower 46. - Condensed and returned to the aqueous phase of the steam/water separator 33. The flow rate of the cooling air introduced into the air-cooled condenser 40 is controlled to an appropriate amount by controlling the opening degree of the damper 47 using a pressure regulator 41 provided in the steam/water separator 33. The operating pressure within is maintained at a predetermined value.

The water separated from steam or condensed by the steam separator 33 is introduced into the subcooler 4, where it is brought to a temperature slightly lower than the saturation temperature for the operating pressure of the system. This is to prevent steam flash from occurring when pressure fluctuations occur in the circulation system, and to maintain fluid stability of the system. That is, the subcooler 42 is for cooling the water at the saturated temperature supplied from the steam/water separator 33 to bring it into a subcooled state. Note that the amount of cooling air supplied to the subcooler is changed by a damper 48 driven by a temperature control valve 43, thereby controlling the subcool temperature to a predetermined value.

On the other hand, the water level controller 36 is provided to adjust the water level in the steam/water separator 33 as the water volume in the circulation system changes depending on the operating conditions. The water level control valve 44 is opened to prevent the circulating water from returning to the make-up water tank 1 through the blow pipe.

In addition, at the beginning of operation of the steam generator, the pressure is 2 to 3 kg.
When operating at low pressures such as /cylEl, degassing vent valve 3
Open 5 slightly to degas the circulating water in the system.

Effects of the Invention As detailed above, the present invention provides a steam generator that provides the following various effects.

(A) The steam generator according to the present invention condenses and cools the generated steam to water slightly lower than the saturation temperature using the steam separator 33, subcooler 42, etc. when condensing and recirculating the generated steam. High thermal effect.

(a) The entire circulation system of the steam generator is maintained at approximately the same pressure as the generated steam. For this reason, the circulation pump 8, which has a capacity equal to the amount of steam generated in the system, may have a pump head that is sufficient to compensate for the pressure loss within the system. The pump does not have to have a head.

(1) This steam generator basically performs its functions by recirculating the water held within the system, so there is no need to replenish the water supply from outside during operation. For this reason, a water supply pump with a high head and high manufacturing cost only needs to have a very small water supply capacity compared to the amount of steam generated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a steam generator according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a conventional steam generator. 1. Makeup water tank, 4. Makeup water pump, 9. Circulation pump, 13. Steam generation equipment, 14. Steam consumption equipment, 33. Steam water separator, 39. Condensing pipe, 40.・Air-cooled condenser, 42...Subcooler. (2 idiots)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A circulation pump connected to the make-up water tank via a make-up water pump, a steam generation facility connected to the circulation pump, a steam consumption facility connected to the steam generation facility, and a steam consumption facility connected to the same steam consumption facility. A steam generation device comprising: a steam separator connected to a steam condenser; and a subcooler connected to the steam condenser and to an inlet side of the circulation pump.