JPS6118370B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a delay line formed by combining an inductance element and a capacitance, and relates to a delay line suitable for use in a very wide frequency band from low frequencies to extremely high frequencies.

Traditionally, the rise time is fast, e.g.
As a delay line of 1 ns or less, a coaxial cable cut to a length that provides the desired delay time, and a type of distributed constant circuit such as a meander line have been proposed. However, the former has a large size and terminal processing is troublesome, and the latter has a large size and is expensive, and its characteristics are not good.
None of these have been put into practical use.

Further, as a small-sized delay line, a lumped constant type delay line is suitable, which uses an inductance element made by winding multiple turns of a double conductor wire around a bobbin, and a capacitor connected between each of the multiple turns of the conductor wire and the ground. However, as the frequency band increases, the inductance element has frequency characteristics and the Q of the inductance element also decreases, so both the delay and amplitude characteristics deteriorate, making it unsuitable for high-speed delay lines with rise times of 1 ns or less. Have difficulty.

The present invention was made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and aims to provide a small-sized delay line that can be used in an extremely wide frequency band from low frequencies to high frequencies.

The details of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the delay line of the present invention, and in particular, FIG. 1 is a developed view showing a conducting path 1 of an inductance element L constituting the delay line of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a conductive line 1 of an inductance element is made up of a conductive line 1 which is folded back in a zigzag pattern and connected together, and a connecting piece 3 which is protruded from the folded part of this conductive line. has a parallel inclined conducting line 1E in the central part in the width W direction, that is, a region between parallel lines X-X and Y-Y on the conducting line 1, and vertical conducting lines 1A, 1B, 1
It is divided into C, 1D, and so on. Therefore, each conducting line 1 is formed in parallel so as to precede the inclined conducting line 1E by one pitch P. In other words, the front and rear (top and bottom in the figure) of each inclined conducting path 1E are shifted by one pitch. Note that the width direction W of the conductive line 1 is the direction in which each conductive line 1 extends.

The conductive line 1 thus formed is bent into a U-shape along the parallel lines X-X and Y-Y on the conductive line, and is adhered to an elongated non-magnetic insulating plate 2 made of glass or synthetic resin. An inductance element L as shown in FIG. 2 is configured. The inductance element L has the inclined conductive line 1E bonded to one side surface of the non-magnetic insulating plate 2, and the vertical conductive lines 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D... before and after the inclined conductive line 1E bonded to the opposing main surface. A connecting piece 3 protrudes from the other side.

A ground electrode 6 is provided on the other side of the elongated insulating plate 2.
A capacitor element C is constructed by providing a capacitor electrode 5 on the opposite surface of a dielectric plate 4 which is arranged to sandwich the capacitor element C.
is fixed by connecting the connecting piece 3 of the inductance element L and the capacitor electrode 5. And each vertical conducting line 1A, 1B, 1 of the inductance element L
C, 1D, . . . and the capacitor element C formed between the connecting piece 3 of the conducting line and the ground electrode 6 form a lumped constant delay line as shown in FIG.

The delay line of the present invention configured in this way can be constructed by connecting any four adjacent longitudinal conductive lines of the conductive line 1 of the inductance element L, for example, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1
Considering D, magnetic fluxes Φ ₁ and Φ ₂ as shown in FIG. 2A are generated by the current flowing in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 2B. These magnetic fluxes Φ ₁ and Φ ₂
The currents flowing through the opposing longitudinal conductive lines 1A and 1C and 1B and 1D on the opposing main surfaces of the non-magnetic insulating plate 2 are in the same direction, so that they are each formed as a positive coupling. It is. On the other hand, since there is a negative coupling between the adjacent longitudinal conductive lines 1A and 1B and 1C and 1D on each main surface, the magnetic fluxes Φ ₁ and Φ ₂ form independent short magnetic flux loops. These relationships hold true no matter which one of the four adjacent longitudinal conductive lines is selected.

In this way, the magnetic fluxes Φ ₁ and Φ ₂ sandwich the non-magnetic insulating plate 2 and form a short closed loop with two vertical conducting paths, so the inductance element L has an inductance characteristic that is flat up to very high frequencies. In addition, since the magnetic fluxes Φ ₁ and Φ ₂ are configured by positive coupling, the inductance increases, and a sufficiently high inductance can be easily obtained even in an extremely high frequency band, for example, an ultra-high frequency band of 1 GHz or more.
As a result, an ultra-fast delay line at ultra-high frequencies is obtained. In particular, this point is important because magnetic materials such as ferrite, which improve the inductance of the inductance element, have lower magnetic permeability in the ultra-high frequency band and large losses, making it impossible to use them as bobbins. It is extremely useful because high inductance can be obtained by using it.

Further, the delay line of the present invention has an inductance element L
, conductive lines 1A, 1C, 1B, 1 corresponding to mutually adjacent sections in the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG.
D becomes a positive coupling to configure an inductive m-type lumped constant delay line as shown in the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG.
From this point of view as well, the delay characteristics have been improved.

4 and 5 are diagrams showing other embodiments of the delay line of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a developed view of the inductance element, and the conductive line 1 has a folding width W longer than the folding width shown in FIG.
Two parallel lines X-X, Y at the center of the folding width W direction
-Y, and has an inclined conductive line 1E at a position corresponding to between
Inclined conductive lines 1E' and 1E' are formed between F and 1F (upper and lower ends in the figure) corresponding to two parallel lines X'-X' and Y'-Y', respectively. Moreover, both inclined conductive lines 1E' and 1E' are arranged in the central inclined conductive line 1E.
Similarly, the conductive lines before and after the conductive line are formed to be offset by one pitch in the opposite direction with respect to the central inclined conductive line 1E. In other words, the vertical conducting line 1 is parallel to the parallel line
-X and Y-Y, parallel line X'-X',Y' - Y' is configured to return in the opposite direction by inclined conductive lines 1E' and 1E' formed between the lines corresponding to Y' and Y'.

In addition, the horizontal conductor line 1 which is a folded part in the conductor line
F and 1F have conductive lines wider than the vertical conductive lines, and function as capacitor electrodes 5, which will be described later.

FIG. 5 shows a delay line using the conducting line 1 shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG.

Reference numerals 2 and 2' designate elongated non-magnetic insulating plates, which are made of the same material as the non-magnetic insulating plate 2 shown in FIG. 2, but are slightly thinner. Then, the conducting line 1 shown in FIG. 4 is bent parallel to the U-shape at locations corresponding to the parallel lines The parts corresponding to X', Y'-Y' are bent parallel to each other in a U-shape in the opposite direction to the parts corresponding to X-X, Y-Y, and the non-magnetic insulating plates 2',
It is glued to 2'. That is, the conductor line 1 is bent into a crank shape, and three non-magnetic insulating plates 2, 2',
Vertical conductive lines 1E, 1E', and 1E' are fixed to the opposing main surfaces of 2', and inclined conductive lines 1E, 1E', and 1E' are fixed to the side surfaces thereof to form an inductance element L. The horizontal conductive lines 1F, 1F, which are the capacitor electrodes 5, 5 of the conductive lines, are located in the same direction (lower in the figure) of the nonmagnetic insulating plates 2', 2'.

Dielectric plates 4, 4 are formed at the bottom of the non-magnetic insulating plates 2', 2' in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the inductance element L, covering the capacitor electrodes 5, 5. A U-shaped ground plate 7 is fitted to sandwich the non-magnetic insulating plates 2', 2, 2' to form and arrange a capacitor element C, thereby configuring a lumped constant delay line.

Similar to the delay line shown in FIG. 2, the delay line configured in this way has vertical conductor lines that are opposed to each other via non-magnetic insulating plates 2', 2, 2' and are shifted by one pitch. All the magnetic fluxes generated by the longitudinal conductive lines are positively coupled, and the magnetic fluxes generated by the vertical conductive lines adjacent in one direction and on one plane are negatively coupled, forming a short loop of magnetic flux. Therefore, the inductance element L exhibits a high inductance evenly up to a very high frequency band. Furthermore, as the number of positively coupled conducting lines increases, the inductance of the inductance element L increases significantly.
As a result, a delay line with a fast rise time can be obtained in a wide frequency band from low frequencies to very high frequencies.

Furthermore, if the folding width W of the zigzag-shaped conductor path 1 is widened to increase the number of inclined conductor paths and the number of places to be bent in a U-shape is increased, the vertical conductor path is positively coupled by sandwiching a non-magnetic insulating plate. Since the number of paths increases, it becomes possible to rapidly increase the inductance of the inductance element L. In addition to the example shown in FIG. 5, the direction in which the conducting path is bent may be as shown in FIG. 9. The point is to shift the pitch and sandwich the nonmagnetic insulating plates so that the vertical conductor lines face each other in positive coupling.The number of inclined conductor lines and the number of bends can be arbitrarily determined according to the desired delay characteristics. Bye.

Furthermore, in the delay line shown in FIG. 5, since one capacitor electrode 5, 5 of the capacitor element is made up of folded parts 1F, 1F in the conducting path 1 of the inductance element L, the inductance element L is used to form the delay line. There is no need for soldering between the capacitor element C and the capacitor element C. Therefore, connection failures are eliminated, reliability is improved, and the number of assembly steps is reduced by omitting the connection process, making it possible to significantly reduce costs.

Note that the delay line shown in FIG. 5 also provides an inductive m-type delay line similar to the delay line shown in FIG. 2, and therefore has extremely good delay characteristics.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 described above, the inclined conductive lines 1E, 1E', and 1E' portions of the conductive line 1 constituting the inductance element L of the delay line are bent into a U-shape. The width of the bend is narrower, i.e. the parallel lines X-X, Y-Y and X'-
If the inner width of the portion corresponding to X', Y'-Y' is narrow and the non-magnetic insulating plates 2, 2', 2' are thin, the non-magnetic insulating plates 2, 2', 2', Since the positive coupling between the vertical conductive lines facing each other with 2' in between is increased, the inductance of the inductance element L is further increased, good characteristics can be obtained, and the external dimensions of the delay line can be miniaturized. The strength of the positive coupling between the vertical conductor lines is also related to the value of the degree of coupling a between the inductance elements in the adjacent sections in the equivalent circuit diagram shown in Figure 3, so the conductor lines can be folded according to the desired characteristics. Bending part and non-magnetic insulating plate 2,
Determine the thickness of 2' and 2'.

Next, an example of application of the delay line of the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 6 is a partial front view A and a partial side view B showing a variable delay line using the delay line of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an inductance element L used in the variable delay line.
This figure shows a conductive line (a modification of the conductive line shown in FIG. 1) 1.

As shown in FIG. 7, the conductor line used in the variable delay line shown in FIG. Two parallel lines with a short distance U-U, V
- form a short length vertical conducting path 8 sandwiched by V,
A short inclined conductive line 1E is formed before and after this vertical conductive line 8 (upper and lower in the figure).

As shown in FIG. 6, the vertical conductor line 1 is bent into a U-shape at locations corresponding to U-U and V-V, and is sandwiched between the inclined conductor lines 1E and the non-magnetic insulating plate 2. 8 is glued to the side surface of the non-magnetic insulating plate 2 to form the inductance element L, and the vertical conducting line 8 on the side surface (top surface in the figure) of the non-magnetic insulating plate 2 is used to fix the variable delay line. Functions as a contact row.

A U-shaped ground electrode 6 is fitted into the inductance element L so as to face the capacitor electrode 5 through a dielectric plate 4 formed to cover the capacitor electrode 5 in the longitudinal direction. A capacitor element C similar to the capacitor element C shown in is formed, and an inductance element L and a capacitor element C are formed.
As a result, a variable delay line 17 having eight rows of fixed switching contacts is constructed.

The non-magnetic insulating plate 2 is connected to the housing 1 of the variable delay line.
4 (partially shown), the non-magnetic insulating plate 2 is housed in such a manner that the fixed contact 8 side of the non-magnetic insulating plate 2 is opposed to the upper inner surface of the housing 14. The upper part of the housing 14 is provided with a non-magnetic insulating plate 2 and a sliding hole 16 that faces the non-magnetic insulating plate 2 along its longitudinal direction, and the terminal electrode 13 is provided on the inner surface of the upper part of the housing 14.

Inside this housing 14, a sliding body 12 with a knob 15 integrally provided between it and the non-magnetic insulating plate 2 is moved so that the knob 15 protrudes from a sliding hole 16 and comes into electrical contact with the terminal electrode 13. They are freely placed. The lower surface of the sliding body 12 is electrically connected to the terminal electrode 13 on the inner surface of the casing 14 through the sliding body 12, and electrically contacts eight rows of fixed contacts of the inductance element L on the side surface of the non-magnetic insulating plate 2. An arcuate slider 11 having elasticity that can be slid on is protruded. That is, as the sliding body 12 slides, the slider 11 sequentially connects the fixed contact 8 and the terminal electrode 13 of the housing 14, thereby forming a variable delay line. FIG. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the delay line.

Note that the terminal electrode 13 of the casing 14 is connected to an output terminal (both not shown) on the bottom of the casing.

In the variable delay line configured in this way, the fixed contact 8 of the inductance element L is sequentially led out to the output terminal via the terminal electrode 13 of the housing 14 by moving the slider 12 shown in FIG. Therefore, arbitrary delay characteristics can be set by selecting a desired delay time. Furthermore, as explained in connection with the delay line of FIG. 2, since the inductance element L has an inductance characteristic that is flat up to extremely high frequencies, good variable delay characteristics can be obtained over a wide frequency band. Further, since the fixed contact 8 of the delay time selection switch as a variable delay line is formed from a part of the conductive line 1 of the inductance element L, the structure is simple and extremely small. Note that the conductor line 1 shown in FIG. 7 can be implemented in the delay lines shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, and the variable delay line shown in FIG.
It is also possible to use an inductance element having the structure shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned delay line, the structure in which the conducting line 1 is formed between the non-magnetic insulating plates 2 and 2' has been explained, but a structure in which the non-magnetic insulating plate on which the conducting line is provided is sandwiched between magnetic plates is adopted. If so, the inductance further increases, which is useful for improving delay time.

As explained above, the delay line of the present invention is a delay line formed by combining an inductance element and a capacitor, in which the inductance element folds the conductor line multiple times in a zigzag shape and in parallel at a predetermined pitch, and between the folded parts. In addition to forming an inclined conductor line that shifts the conductor line by one pitch in the middle,
Since the conductor lines are bent into a U-shape so that adjacent conductor lines with different pitches face each other with an insulating plate in between, the rise time is reduced over a wide frequency range from low frequency bands to extremely high frequency bands. It not only provides good delay characteristics quickly, but also has the advantage of being extremely compact.

The present invention is applicable not only to the lumped constant type delay line as described above but also to distributed constant type delay lines.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a developed view showing a conducting path of an inductance element used in the delay line of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A to 2C are a partial sectional view, a partial front view, and a side view showing one embodiment of the delay line of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the delay line shown in FIG. A partial front view (partially cut away) and a side view showing another embodiment of the delay line of the present invention constructed using the conductive line shown in the figure, FIG. 7 is a developed view showing an inductance element used in the variable delay line shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the variable delay line shown in FIG. 6; FIGS. 9A to 9D are schematic diagrams showing a method of bending a conductive line in an inductance element of a delay line according to the present invention. 1...Conductor line, 1A to 1D...Vertical conductor line, 1
E, 1E'... Inclined conductor line, 1F... Horizontal conductor line,
2, 2'...Nonmagnetic insulating plate, 3...Connection piece, 4...
...Dielectric plate, 5... Capacitor electrode, 6... Ground electrode, 7... Ground plate, 8... Fixed contact, 11...
Slider, 12...Sliding body, 13...Terminal electrode, 1
4... Housing, 17... Delay line, L... Inductance element, C... Capacitor element.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a lumped constant type delay line formed by combining an inductance element and a capacitance, the inductance element has a conductive line that is folded back multiple times in a zigzag shape and in parallel at a predetermined pitch, and the conductive line is The conductive lines are shifted by one pitch in the middle of each of the conductive lines between the folded parts of the conductive lines, and the conductive lines are insulated between the folded parts of the conductive lines so that the conductive lines that are one pitch apart overlap and face each other. What is claimed is: 1. A delay line formed by sandwiching a plate and folded into a U-shape, wherein the capacitance is formed between each folded portion of the conductive line in the inductance element and a ground electrode. 2. The delay line according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of portions shifted by one pitch are formed between the folded portions of the conductive line, and the conductive line is bent a plurality of times. 3. The delay line according to claim 1 or 2, wherein fixed contacts for a delay time selection switch are formed on the conductive line, and these fixed contacts form a fixed contact row.