JPS61177929A - Three-dimensional culture system - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to a cultivation container into which a plurality of plants can be planted, and particularly relates to a container in which a plurality of such containers can be assembled three-dimensionally, or a cultivation container in which a plurality of such containers can be assembled three-dimensionally. This invention relates to a three-dimensional cultivation system in which multiple pieces are assembled three-dimensionally.

Certain types of plants reach their true value when cultivated in large quantities. Furthermore, it is not possible to obtain a meaningful harvest of vegetables or strawberries unless they are grown in a certain amount. Windows in apartments and offices, perandas, sunrooms, small greenhouses, etc.
If there is limited space available for growing plants, such as a small vacant lot in front of a building, it is not possible to grow large quantities of plants. It is significant to be able to grow large quantities of plants in such locations.

Additionally, there are a limited number of plants that can cover the exterior walls, fences, gateposts, etc. of buildings. Plants that can be used for hedges and the like are also limited. It would be great if you could cover those areas with your favorite plants.

Alternatively, it would be fun if you could set up a rest area in a corner of the garden covered with a wall of your favorite plants, or create a flower bed with your favorite plants arranged in three dimensions.

Furthermore, it may be desirable to place plants on balconies, window rails, shelves, security lattices, etc., or to provide blinds covered with plants.

Additionally, if you can create walls or columnar structures indoors that are covered with plants, you can create a gorgeous atmosphere at parties and other venues.

The present invention relates to a cultivation container suitable for such a purpose, or a three-dimensional cultivation system in which a plurality of such containers are assembled three-dimensionally.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, cultivation containers for planting multiple plants are known. However, with conventional cultivation containers, the amount of cultivation is limited by the available surface area.

Furthermore, means for three-dimensionally arranging a plurality of cultivation containers is also known. A typical example of such means is a shelf providing a stepped support plane.

Another typical example is a flower stand having multiple grip rings or supports cantilevered from a vertical support post. Still other typical examples include a hanging cultivation container suspended from a beam or wall, or a cultivation container support means. However, these generally focus on interior decoration, and do not necessarily utilize space effectively. For example, the tiered shelves described above allow containers to be placed at different levels, but do not save on the available floor space. The above-described flower stand has limitations on the shape and dimensions of the container that it can support. Also, with suspended containers, only one container can be placed above containers on the floor or on a shelf, and there are at least two, and usually three, hanging points at the top of the container wall. It has a suspended structure that extends upwards, and these are an eye-catcher.

It is clear that the only way to utilize space effectively is to arrange a plurality of containers vertically so that they overlap, but if such an attempt is made, the following problems arise.

1) The support structure and the container placed above block sunlight to the container placed below.

2) Drainage from containers placed above pollutes plants planted in containers placed below.

3) Ventilation is impeded by the support structure or container walls.

4) The support structure becomes noticeable.

The above sunlight problem can be solved by increasing the vertical spacing between containers and/or by sloping the perimeter of the containers, but the former not only reduces the efficiency of space utilization but also increases the As a result of this increase, the waste water from the containers placed above will seriously pollute the plants planted in the containers placed below. Further, even if the container walls are inclined, when the space between the upper and lower containers is narrowed, the upper container wall tends to prevent access to the lower container. Furthermore, if the slope is made stronger, the amount of soil that can be accommodated in the container will be reduced.

The problem of pollution caused by drainage can be solved by providing a drainage tray, but if the water in the tray is not drained, the soil in the container will become overly humid, causing root rot of the plants. A complete solution can be obtained by providing equipment, but this increases the cost and in some cases also spoils the appearance. Another way to solve this problem is to place the soil in an inverted truncated cone or inverted truncated pyramid frame without a bottom wall, place a similar frame on top of the jar, fill it with soil, and so on. The cultivation containers are arranged three-dimensionally. However, in this case, the soil in the frames placed one above the other is continuous, making it difficult to maintain uniform soil humidity, and in the case of long and large frames, the walls of the frames provide ventilation. is hindered. Stacking containers with raised bottom walls may improve maintaining even humidity, but does not solve the problem of ventilation.

In order to improve ventilation, it is possible to avoid using a wall structure as a support structure and use a frame structure to separate the upper and lower containers. arise.

Therefore, there has never been a space-efficient three-dimensional cultivation system that has good sunlight, ventilation, and drainage, does not contaminate the plants in the containers below due to drainage water, and does not make the support structure obtrusive. Ta. Moreover, there has never been a three-dimensional cultivation system in which not only the support structure but also the walls of the container are covered with plants so that they cannot be seen from the outside, and plants can be cultivated on one surface in the form of a pillar.

In view of the current state of the technology as described above, the applicant has previously filed two patent applications.

In the cultivation system in the first application (Japanese Patent Application No. 59-105665), each container means has at least one cylindrical upright portion extending upward from the respective bottom wall;
Plants are planted between the peripheral wall extending upward from the entire periphery of the bottom wall and the rising portion. The upper end of the cylindrical rising portion of the container arranged below supports the bottom wall of the container means arranged above, and the rising wall of the container means arranged above supports the rising edge of the container means arranged below. are aligned with each other to form a continuous cylindrical structure. After the desired number of containers have been stacked in this way, a support column is inserted into the continuous cylindrical structure. The inserted support column can be supported on the floor at its lower end or anchored at the top and bottom to available fixed objects, and the lower end of the support column can be provided with suitable support means to suspend the upper end. Can be hung. Thus, the support structure will not become obtrusive and obscured by plants planted around it. The peripheral wall of each container has a lower vertical extension extending vertically upward from the entire circumference of the bottom wall, an inclined part extending outward and upward from the upper end thereof, and an upper vertical extension extending vertically upward from the upper end thereof. has. This generally S-shaped peripheral wall profile does not obstruct access to the containers below by the peripheral wall of the upperly disposed container means, even when the containers are closely spaced in the vertical direction. Additionally, the upper vertical extension makes it easier to plant plants close to the container wall, and the drainage hole provided close to the riser eliminates the problem of soiling of plants planted in the lower container. It's evasive.

Space efficiency is improved and it is also possible to cover and hide not only the support structure but also the container walls with plants.

However, the containers according to the first application can only be aligned vertically and not at the desired angle of inclination. For example, if a large number of containers are stacked vertically higher than a person's height,
Gives a feeling of pressure. There are also cases where you want to give more sunlight to all containers.

Therefore, it is desirable to be able to arrange a plurality of containers at a desired angle within a limited angular range of 90° or less with respect to the horizontal direction using the same parts.

In the second application (Japanese Patent Application No. 59-134108), each container is stacked with at least one pair of spacer means interposed therebetween. The spacer means has an upper edge extending horizontally in the front-rear direction, on which the lower bottom of the upper container is supported so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. The rear wall of each container means has a downwardly sloping portion extending outwardly and upwardly from the rearward edge of the bottom wall and an upwardly vertically extending portion extending vertically upwardly from the upper end thereof and projecting outwardly into the transition region of those portions. One or more coupling protrusions are provided for coupling and supporting a support post disposed at the outer rear of the stacked container means. With the above-described arrangement, the plurality of container means are oriented at 90° to the horizontal plane.
It can be arranged at any angle within the following limited angular range (the range is determined by the angle of the downwardly sloping portion of the rear wall with respect to the horizontal plane): At least the front wall of the container means comprises:
A gentle S-shaped profile similar to the circumferential wall in the first application is provided and provides a similar effect. However, in the system of the second application, since the support structure is provided on the outer rear side, the viewing direction is restricted and the support structure is troublesome to assemble.

As a result of further research, the present inventor developed a three-dimensional cultivation system that has the advantages of the second application while maintaining the characteristics of the first application. That is, when a plurality of container means are arranged at an angle of 90° to the horizontal plane, it can be viewed from all around the three-dimensional cultivation system, and using the same parts, the container means can be viewed from the entire circumference of the three-dimensional cultivation system, which is smaller than 90° to the horizontal plane. It can be placed at an inclined angle.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The basic object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional cultivation system that can simultaneously achieve the following effects.

a) High efficiency of space utilization; b) The assembled support structure is not obtrusive when in use; c) Sunlight, ventilation and drainage are good and can be maintained uniformly; d) Container means located above. e) are easy to assemble; f) are simple in construction and easy to manufacture and therefore can be provided at low cost; and , some of the numerous embodiments of the present invention may simultaneously achieve the above basic object as well as one or more of the following additional objects.

g) A three-dimensional cultivation system can be constructed simply by assembling a plurality of equivalent units, h) It is easy to increase or decrease the number of containers in the three-dimensional cultivation system, i) Assemble the plants while they are already planted, It is possible to disassemble or change the arrangement order of the container means; j) A plurality of container means can be arranged at a desired angle within a limited angular range of 90° or less with respect to the horizontal plane using the same parts; Structure of the Invention The above-mentioned basic object of the present invention can be achieved by the following structure.

In particular, in the present invention, m container means (where m is an integer of 2 or more) having one open surface at the upper end and at least one drain port at the lower bottom, and n elongated container means (however, n is an integer of 1 or more) and an assembly means having a plurality of coupling and supporting means, and the m container means are arranged at a distance from each other in an arrangement direction that intersects at a certain angle with respect to a horizontal plane. , said n main shaft means extend through each container means at a distance from a container wall surrounding the open surface of each container means, and a lower bottom of each container means is connected to at least one connection. The support means connect and support the plants at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal axes of the n main shaft means, thereby supporting the plant along the container wall surrounding the opening of each container means about the n main shaft means. This forms the area for implantation.

The number of container means can be arbitrarily selected within the allowable limit of the load supporting strength of the main shaft means and the height limit of the installation location. Thus, basic objective a) mentioned above can be achieved. Since the planting area is formed along the container wall without any discontinuity around the main shaft means, the assembly means are covered by the plants and thus basic objective b) is achieved. In addition, by selecting the spacing between the upper and lower container means and the relative height of the plant to be planted, the container walls of the upper container means can also be covered and hidden by the plants of the lower container means. , which has the special effect that the entire external side of the system is obscured by vegetation.

Since m container means are supported in a spaced manner along n elongated main shaft means, each container means being an independent container with a drain opening, basic objective c) mentioned above can be achieved.

In addition, since the drainage port provided at the bottom of the container means is located inside the planting area of the plant, the above basic objective d)
is achieved.

The components of the system are composed of a container means, an elongated main shaft means, and a connecting support means, and the individual structure and assembly method of each of these elements varies depending on the embodiment, but all require special tools. It can be completed by simply assembling the parts by hand without using any tools.

Fundamental objective e) can therefore also be achieved.

In the above-mentioned first application, the container means is provided with a cylindrical rising portion, but it is not simply provided as a spacer to support the upper and lower container means apart from each other; This was provided because it was considered necessary to maintain the posture of each container means stably against the pressure. However, according to the inventor's experiments, when a relatively small circular container is used, and a single thin rod, string, chain, etc. is connected and fixed to the bottom of the container and suspended from above. It has been found that the container means can be stably suspended due to the resistance between the soil in the container and the rod or the like. Of course, to increase stability, thick rods, thick cords, thick chains, or additional stabilizing means embedded in the pot with resistance surfaces extending radially from the longitudinal axis of the main shaft means can be used. Stability can be further increased by, or alternatively, using multiple spindle means for large container means. In particular, if three or more main shaft means are arranged so as not to be aligned on one plane, stability can be further improved. In the three-dimensional cultivation system according to the present invention, the upper end of the longitudinal axis of the main shaft means in the assembly means may be supported and suspended on an available fixed object, or the lower end of the longitudinal axis of the main shaft means may be stacked on a plane and suspended. It may be fixedly supported, or both upper and lower ends of the main shaft means may be fixedly supported.

When supporting the entire system load from below,
It is necessary to select a rigid material and structure for the main shaft means.

The container means and the assembly means may be formed as separate and removable parts, and furthermore the main shaft means and the coupling support means of the assembly means may be formed as separate and removable parts. In this case, n through holes are provided in the lower bottom of each container means for passing each of the n main shaft means, and after the container means is combined with the main shaft means, the lower bottom of the container means is inserted into the main shaft means. The coupling and supporting means may be assembled with respect to the main shaft means and the container means for fixed support, and various types of coupling structures are known for coupling and fixing the coupling and supporting means for such a purpose.

It is also possible to form the main shaft means and the coupling support means in one piece, and to assemble the container means, which is formed as a separate part, to such assembly means.

In this case, each of the n elongated main shaft means is arranged at m locations defined at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal axis, along each of m parallel planes intersecting the longitudinal axis at predetermined angles. Preferably, the wing structure has support lines extending radially from the longitudinal axis of the airfoil. The lower bottom of each container means is provided with n through holes for receiving the main shaft portion of the assembly means, and radially extending slits are provided in communication with these through holes to allow the wing-like structure to be inserted therethrough. In this way, the container means and the assembly means can be freely moved relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the main shaft means beyond the wing-like structure when the alignment directions of the wing structure and the slit are aligned, and their alignment directions can be changed. When offset, the lower base of the container means can be supported on support lines on the wing-like structure.

In the above-described system, the assembly means may divide the longitudinal dimension of the spindle means into m sections, and each section may be provided with an interconnection structure at both longitudinal ends thereof to be detachable. One container means is coupled and supported by n main shaft means portions and coupling support means provided on each main shaft means portion to form a single unit, and m such units are connected to each main shaft means. A three-dimensional cultivation system is formed by the interconnection structure of the means parts. Structures for longitudinally interconnecting elongate members are known in various configurations and may be any structure.

Furthermore, in the above system, the insertion hole in the lower bottom of the container means can also serve as a drain by creating a gap between it and the main shaft means in the assembled state. In this case, drainage from the upper container means can be allowed to flow down along the main shaft means.

Furthermore, in another embodiment of the invention, the assembly means is divided into m parts with respect to the longitudinal dimension of the main shaft means, and each part is provided with an interconnection structure at each end, between which the lower base of the container means is connected. The permanent bonding support means, e.g. gluing, welding,
It can be jointly supported by integral formation. Thus, forming a single unit having one container means and n assembly means parts integrally connected to the lower base thereof, and m such units to the interconnection structure of the main shaft means. Thus, a three-dimensional cultivation system is formed by connecting them.

Although the outline of the present invention has been described above, the present invention will be explained in further detail below based on Examples of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1A to 1D show a three-dimensional cultivation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view showing the outline of the system, and FIG. 1B is a B- in Figure 1A
1C is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the system taken along the line C--C of FIG. 1B; FIG.
3A and 3B show cross-sectional views of a portion of the system taken along line D-D in FIG. Referring primarily to FIG. 1A, the system includes assembly means consisting of five container means 10, one spindle means 20, and five coupling support means 30. In this embodiment, the container means 10, the spindle means 20 and the coupling support means 30 are each formed as separate parts and are formed simply by combining them. Referring also to FIG. 1B, each container means 10 has one circular open surface 11 at the upper end, four drainage ports 12 at the lower bottom, and an insertion hole 13 in the center through which the main shaft means 20 is inserted. and have.

Referring to FIGS. 1A to 1D, the main shaft means 20 is an elongated rod-shaped member having a circular cross section, and in order to fit the coupling support means 30 formed as a generally inverted trapezoidal plate-like member, Fitting holes 21 are provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal axis. All the fitting holes 21 are formed as elongated rectangular holes in the longitudinal direction of the main shaft means, and extend in the diameter direction of the circular cross section thereof along a plane passing through the central axis of the main shaft means. Coupling support means 30 has a similar rectangular cross-sectional profile to provide a tight fit within fitting hole 21 . Thus, when the coupling support means 30 is fitted into the fitting hole 21, it forms a pair of wing-like structures extending diametrically from the main shaft means 20, the upper edge of which forms a support supporting the lower bottom of the container means. Give the line part.

In this embodiment, the lower bottom of the container means is supported by a linear support line portion extending diametrically, and therefore the container means tends to rotate about the support line portion as an axis of rotation. However, it is stabilized by the resistance between the soil contained within the container means and the spindle means.

The system of the first embodiment is relatively small (e.g. 2 diameter
Suitable for container means having a circular or regular polygonal open surface (5 cm or less), and for being suspended from above by locking the upper end of the main shaft means to an available fixed object (such as a beam). Are suitable.

However, both upper and lower ends of the main shaft means may be fixed, and in this case, the longitudinal axis of the main shaft means can be oriented at an angle smaller than 90° with respect to the horizontal plane. Specifically, when the main shaft means 20 is tilted in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the coupling support means 30, the container means is rotated using the linear support line portion as the rotation axis, and the open surface is made horizontal. Stabilize through the soil. Furthermore, when a thick and rigid material is used for the main shaft means 20, the lower end can be fixed to support the system from below. To support the system only at the lower end of the spindle means 20, the lower end of the spindle means 20 may be inserted into the ground, or by suitable fixing means fixed on a base plate extending along the floor surface. It's good to wear. Various methods are known for fixing and supporting the main shaft means 20 in a desired orientation, and therefore will not be described in detail.

When the system of the first embodiment is used indoors, it is desirable to provide a tray below the lowest container means. 1st
In Figure E, two examples of saucers are shown. (A) is a tray used when the system is suspended; in this embodiment, a hook is provided at the upper end of a suspension shaft 41 that is integrally connected to the center of the lower bottom of the tray 40; It is shown as a structure that locks into an eye 22 at the lower end of the main shaft means 20 of the system. In order to stably connect the receiving tray 40, the suspension shaft 41 is provided with a plurality of wing-shaped connecting portions 42 extending in the radial direction. (b) shows a cross section of a receiving tray 40 which also has the function of fixedly supporting the lower end portion of the main shaft means 20. In the center of the tray is the main shaft means 20 of the system.
A cylindrical portion 41 for receiving and supporting the tray is provided, and a collar portion 43 extending outward from the bottom of the saucer is fixed to the floor or the like by suitable fixing means 44 such as screws. By fitting an inner container 45 divided into two or more fan shapes into the inside of the tray 40, it becomes easy to dispose of accumulated waste water.

In the system of the first embodiment, simple auxiliary stabilizing means can be provided to further improve the stability of the container means. For example, within each container means the main shaft means 20 may be provided with stabilizing wings 50 which are embedded in the soil within the container. FIGS. 1C and 1D show stabilizing wings 50 which are identical to the coupling support means 30 and which are connected to the main shaft means 20.
It is shown as being fitted into a fitting hole 22 provided in the.

When these stabilizing wings 50 are provided oriented in the same direction as the bonding support means, they provide resistance to the soil and stability is significantly increased.

2A to 2C show a three-dimensional cultivation system according to a second embodiment. This embodiment also includes container means 10.
, the main shaft means 20 and the coupling support means 30 are formed as separate members. FIG. 2A shows a top view of the container means 10. The container means 10 has one circular open surface 1 at the upper end.
1 has a circular thread sole 14 or skirt at the lower bottom.

In the lower bottom part surrounded by the thread sole, there is an insertion hole 13 elongated in the diameter direction, and a circular enlarged part is provided in the center of the insertion hole, and this enlarged part functions as a drain port 12 as described later. do. FIG. 2B shows a part of the main shaft means 20,
One of the coupling support means 30 is shown in perspective view. The main shaft means 20 is an elongated plate-like member having a rectangular cross section, and its cross-sectional outer shape is dimensioned to fit snugly inscribed in the insertion hole 13 of the container means. On the plate surface of the main shaft means,
A plurality of elongated fitting holes 21 are provided along the longitudinal direction. The coupling support means 30 is an inverted generally trapezoidal plate-like body, the height of which is approximately equal to the longitudinal dimension of the fitting hole 21, and the original length approximately equal to the lateral dimension of the fitting hole 21. It's equal. The upper base of the trapezoid located downward in FIG. 2B has a notch 31 extending in the height direction. The depth of the notch 31 is approximately half the height of the trapezoid, and the lateral dimension is approximately equal to the thickness of the main shaft means 20.

Thus, the coupling support means 30 is inserted into the fitting hole 21 of the main shaft means as shown by the dashed line in FIG. Accept it within yourself and be firmly united. When the upper end of the main shaft means 20 is inserted into the insertion hole 13 of the container means 10 and the container means is moved downward, the cross-sectional outline of the main shaft means 20 is such that it is in contact with the insertion hole 13 and the thread bottom 14, and the container means is mainly The cross-sectional outline of the main shaft means is stably supported in the longitudinal direction, and the cornered side line portion 32 of the coupling support means contacts the thread bottom 14 to stably support the container means in a direction orthogonal to the above. The lower bottom of the container means is supported on the support line portion of the coupling support means 30. When the main shaft means 20 is inserted into the insertion hole 13 of the container means, the circular enlarged portion is divided into two drain ports, and further divided into four drain ports by the support line portion of the coupling support means 30. Ru. Due to the drainage outlet 12 being located close to the assembly means, the waste water flows down along the main shaft means 20.

In the second embodiment, the notch 31 of the coupling support means 30
By changing the orientation of the support line part to the main axis means 20
can be tilted with respect to the longitudinal axis of the system, so that by replacing such coupling support means the system can be installed tilted.

3A to 3C show a three-dimensional cultivation system according to a third embodiment. The container means 10 has a circular open surface 11 at its upper end, an annular horizontal portion 17 and a frustoconical upward projection 18 at its lower base. The circular top surface of the upper protrusion 18 has a diametrically elongated insertion hole 13 and a circular enlarged portion at its center. Four drainage holes are formed in the transition area between the horizontal portion 17 and the upper projection 18. The main shaft means 20 is exactly the same as in the embodiment of FIGS. 2A-2C. The coupling support means 30 is the same as the second embodiment except that it is a trapezoidal plate member. As shown by the dashed line in FIG. 3B, after the coupling support means 30 is inserted into the fitting hole 21, it is pushed down and firmly engaged with the main shaft means. When the container means 10 is assembled in the same manner as in the second embodiment, the trapezoidal legs of the coupling support means are in contact with the truncated conical lines of the upper projection 18 of the container means, stably supporting the container means. .

4A and 4B show a three-dimensional cultivation system according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 4A is a plan view of the container means having a circular open surface 11 at the upper end and a circular thread bottom 14 at the lower bottom. There is one insertion hole 13 in the center of the lower bottom surrounded by the thread bottom 14, and four drain holes 1 in the circumference.
2 is provided. FIG. 4B (a) shows various states of the main shaft means 20 and the coupling support means 30. The main shaft means 20 is an elongated cylindrical member, and elongated rectangular fitting holes 21 are provided at predetermined intervals along its longitudinal axis. The coupling support means 30 consists of a first and a second member, and the first
The front view of the member 30-1 is shown in FIG. 4B (B) and (C).
A plan view is shown. This member is almost similar to the coupling support means 30 in the first embodiment, except that two notches 31 are provided at the upper edge. These notches 31 are arcuate so that when the first member 30-1 is inserted into the fitting hole 21 of the main shaft means 20, they are aligned along the cylindrical side surface of the main shaft means 20.

The plan view of the second member 30-2 is shown in FIG.
A front view is shown in FIG. The second member 30-2 is
It has a cylindrical portion through which the main shaft means 20 is inserted, and a pair of wing portions 33 along the diametrically opposing cylindrical line. A pair of notches 34 are provided at the lower end of the cylindrical portion along diametrically opposed lines perpendicular to the pair of wing portions 33 . The first member 30-1 and the second member 30-2 form a cross-shaped support line portion as shown in FIG. 4B (G) by engaging their notches 31 and 34. I'm starting to do that.

The first member 30 is inserted into the fitting hole 21 provided in the main shaft means 20.
The state in which -1 is inserted is shown at the bottom of FIG. 4B (a). A state in which the second member 30-2 is fitted from above to the main shaft means 20 is shown in the third row from the bottom of the figure. A sectional view of this rotated by 90 degrees on the main shaft means is shown in the second row from the bottom of the figure. The notch 31 of the first member 30-1 and the notch 34 of the second member 30-2 are engaged as shown in Figure (G), and the upper edges of these members are aligned on the same plane. do. This state is shown in the fourth row from the bottom of FIG. 4B (a). Thus, the first member 30
-1 and the second member 30-2 are firmly fixed on the main shaft means 20, and their cross-shaped support line portions fit into the thread bottom of the container means 10 inserted from above and the lower bottom surrounded by it. Together, they stably support the container means.

5A to 5E show a three-dimensional cultivation system according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 5A is a plan view of the container means 10, which in this embodiment has a rectangular open surface 11 at the upper end and a rectangular thread bottom 14 at the lower bottom. A plurality of drainage ports 12 and six insertion holes 13 are provided in the lower bottom region surrounded by the thread bottom 14. Fifth
Figure B shows a cross-sectional view of the system in the assembled state.

In this embodiment, the main shaft means 20 can be extended by connecting a plurality of sections in the longitudinal direction.

Each part of the main shaft means 20 includes a cylindrical part with a thick outer diameter,
and a cylindrical portion having a narrow outer diameter extending coaxially from one end thereof. The outer diameter of the cylindrical portion is sized to fit snugly into the inner bore of the cylindrical portion. Thereby, a plurality of parts of the main shaft means 20 can be added one after another to form one part.
A long main shaft means 20 can be formed. The main shaft means 20 has rectangular fitting holes 21 arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.
is formed. The main shaft means thus formed is the fourth
This is substantially the same as the main shaft means 20 shown in the embodiment.

The only difference is that they have a structure that allows for additions. In this embodiment, such a main shaft means 2
Use six 0's. The coupling support means 30 of the fifth embodiment includes a frame-shaped first member 30-1 and two types of key members 30-2 and 30- for fixing the first member to the six main shaft means 20.
3.

A plan view of the frame-shaped first member 30-1 is shown by the double dotted line in FIG. 5A, and an enlarged plan view of a portion thereof is shown in FIG. 5C. FIG. 5D shows the first member 30-
FIG. 1 is an enlarged front view of a portion of FIG. The first member 30-1 is
A frame member having a generally rectangular outer shape inscribed in the thread bottom 14 of the container means, the four corners of which are rounded to form a generally triangular prism-shaped gap with the corners of the thread bottom. Four corners of the frame-shaped first member 30-1;
Inside the central part of the long side, there is a cylindrical portion forming an insertion hole 35 through which the main shaft means 20 is inserted, and these insertion holes 35 are aligned with the insertion hole 13 of the container means. In each cylindrical portion, rectangular fitting holes 36 are provided along diametrically opposed lines, and the orientation direction of the fitting holes 36 is such that the angle of each corner is The bisecting direction is a direction perpendicular to the wall of the cylindrical portion at the center of the long side. These fitting holes 36 are the fitting holes 2 of the main shaft means 20.
Equals 1.

FIG. 5E (A) shows a plan view of the key member 30-2, and FIG. 5E (B) shows a front view thereof. The key member 30-2 has a generally triangular prism-shaped head and plate-shaped legs, and as shown by dotted lines in FIG.
This is a key for aligning the first member and the fitting hole 36 of the first member, and fitting and fixing the leg portion thereto. The triangular prism-shaped head can be accommodated in the gap formed between the thread bottom 14 and the first member 30-1, which is indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 5C.

(C) of FIG. 5E is a plan view of the key member 30-3, and (D) of the same figure is a front view thereof. The key member 30-3 is a T-shaped key having a plate-shaped head and plate-shaped legs extending at right angles from one side of the head. A key member 3 is provided on the outer wall of the fitting hole 36 of the cylindrical portion at the center of the long side of the first member.
A recess is provided to receive the head of 0-3. Thus, when the key member 30-3 is inserted with the fitting hole 21 of the main shaft means 20 and the fitting hole 36 of the cylindrical portion aligned, the plate-shaped head is inserted into the recess of the first member. The inner surface of the thread bottom 14 prevents the key member 30-3 from coming off. Thus, after fixing one first member 30-1 to the six main shaft means 20 using four key members 30-2 and two key members 30-3, the six main shaft means 10 are fixed. One container means 10 is assembled by inserting the insertion hole 13 from above the main shaft means 20 and fitting the thread bottom 14 onto the first member. In the same procedure, multiple container means are connected to the main shaft means 2.
0 to complete the three-dimensional cultivation system. Also shown in FIG. 5B is the saucer 40, which corresponds to the first
Since it is almost the same as that shown in (b) of the figure, it will not be described in detail. The difference is that six cylindrical portions are provided to receive the cylindrical portions of the six main shaft means 20, and that a collar portion is not provided. In this fifth embodiment, the main shaft means 20 can be added, so that
It is easy to add or remove container means in the system. however,
Stability deteriorates when too many container means are stacked. When using a large number of container means, the main shaft means 20 may be a continuous cylindrical member, similar to that used in the fourth embodiment, and fixedly supported at both upper and lower ends, or the lower end may be sunk into the ground. It's good to be deeply involved and support them.

6A to 6C show a three-dimensional cultivation system according to a sixth embodiment. In this embodiment, each container means 10 has two coupled support means 30 for a plurality of main shaft means 20.
It is coupled and supported by.

By changing the orientation of the longitudinal axis of the spindle means 20, the system can be installed in a desired orientation within a limited range from 90° to a certain angle less than the horizontal plane.

FIG. 6A is a side view of a portion of the system, showing the system oriented at 90 degrees to the horizontal and tilted at a lesser angle; It is shown in FIG. 6B is a plan view showing a part of the container means 10, which has one rectangular open surface 11 at the upper end and a rectangular thread bottom 14 at the lower bottom. A plurality of through holes 13 arranged in two parallel rows are provided in the lower bottom area surrounded by the thread bottom 14. Insertion hole 13
is sufficiently larger than the main shaft means 20 (shown in dotted lines in FIG. 6B) inserted therein so that the main shaft means 20 can tilt freely within the insertion hole 13. The main shaft means 20 may be a cylindrical elongated rod-like member, similar to the main shaft means in the fourth embodiment. The coupling support means 30 is
It may be considered that the connecting and supporting means shown in FIG. 2B are connected.

To be more specific, the connection support means 30 in this embodiment is as follows:
A main shaft means 2 which is equal to the longitudinal dimension (between the inner wall surfaces) of the thread bottom of the container means and is inserted into the insertion hole 13 at its lower edge.
A plurality of notches 31 are provided to be engaged with the fitting holes 21 of 0. Thus, each of the two coupling support means 30 is combined with a plurality of main shaft means 20 and arranged in two rows in parallel, and the main shaft means 20 are inserted into the insertion holes 13 arranged in two rows of the container means 10. and fitting both ends of the coupling support means 30 into the thread sole 14, whereby one container means is connected to two
The book is supported on parallel support lines of the binding support means 30. Similarly, a plurality of container means are coupled and supported to the main shaft means. The assembled system thus has a main shaft means 20 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of extension of the coupling support means.
can be oriented at any desired angle within a limited angular range with respect to the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, not only can the inclined arrangement similar to the first embodiment be achieved, but also the support is supported on the support edges of the joint support means 30 arranged in two parallel rows.
High stability.

7A to 7C show a three-dimensional cultivation system according to a seventh embodiment. In this embodiment, the container means 10 and the assembly means are formed as separate members, but the vertical shaft means 20 and the coupling support means 30 are formed integrally. FIG. 7A is a plan view of the container means 10 used in this embodiment.

The container means 10 has a circular open surface 11 at its upper end and a circular thread bottom 14 at its lower bottom.

A diametrically elongated insertion hole 13 is provided in the lower bottom area surrounded by the thread bottom 14 . The lower bottom surrounded by the thread bottom 14 is divided into two semicircular parts by the insertion hole 13, and each semicircular part is provided with a pair of protrusions 15 in a direction perpendicular to the insertion hole 13. , a groove 16 between them
is formed. FIG. 7C shows an assembly means comprising an elongated cylindrical main shaft means 20 and a plurality of coupling support means 30 formed integrally with the main shaft means at predetermined intervals along its length. The coupling support means 30 has a wing-like structure extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis along a plane containing the longitudinal axis of the main shaft means. The cross-sectional outline of the coupling support means taken along line a-a in FIG. 7C is equal to or slightly smaller than the shape of the insertion hole 13 in FIG. 7A. Further, the pair of grooves 16 formed on both sides of the insertion hole 13 also have a size and shape that tightly accommodates the above-mentioned cross-sectional shape of the coupling support means 30. The through holes 13 of the container means can thus pass freely through the wing-like structures of the assembly means when aligned with the direction of orientation of those wings. After the assembly means 10 is inserted into the insertion hole 13, the container means 10 is assembled into the assembly means by rotating the two relative to each other by 90 degrees around the longitudinal axis of the main shaft means and fitting the wing-like structure into the groove 16. It is coupled and supported on top. In this state, the insertion hole 13 is divided into two parts by the coupling support means and functions as a drain port. The waste water flows down along the main shaft means and does not contaminate the plants planted in the lower container means. It is clear that a plurality of container means can be coupled and supported on the assembly means in a similar manner. The upper end of the assembly means can be suspended from above, for example by providing a hook 37. The lower end of the assembly means is provided with, for example, an eye 38 to which a drainage basin or similar system as described above can be connected.

FIG. 7D shows that the assembly means of FIG. 7C is divided into a plurality of parts in the longitudinal direction, and interconnection means 37 are provided at both upper and lower ends thereof.
38 is shown.

The interconnection means 37, 38 are shown here as hooks 37 and eyes 38, although they may be of any type capable of supporting the load once connected. Between the ends of each assembly means section there is provided a coupling support means 30 having a wing-like structure similar to that of FIG. 7C. Thus, when the container means 10 is assembled to the assembly means section of FIG. 7D, a unit having one container means and one assembly means section is formed, a plurality of such units comprising:
The assembly means parts are connected by interconnecting means to form a three-dimensional cultivation system. In FIG. 7B, one such unit is shown in cross-section, and another unit connected to it is partially shown in dash-dotted lines. A sectional view using the assembly means of FIG. 7C is the same as FIG. 7B except for the interconnecting portions of the assembly means parts, and therefore the drawing is omitted.

Although in the embodiments described above the assembly means have been shown as being suspended, it is needless to say that they can be modified to be of a downwardly supported type. It is clear that the wing-like structure could also be a three-wing or four-wing structure extending radially from the main shaft means.

8A-8B show an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the assembly means is longitudinally divided into a plurality of sections, each of which is provided with interconnection means at its upper and lower ends.

In the illustrated embodiment, the interconnection means include hook 37 and eye 3.
8. Each assembly means part is a container means 10
It is integrally connected and supported.

FIG. 8A is a plan view in which the container means 10 has a circular open surface 11 at its upper end. Two drainage holes 12 are formed in the lower base adjacent to the connection between the container means 10 and the assembly means part. A plurality of units having one container means 10 and one assembly means section are provided with an interconnection structure 37 of the assembly means sections in the same manner as described with respect to FIG. 7D.
, 38 to form a three-dimensional cultivation system. FIG. 8B shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line b--b of FIG. 8A, in which one unit consisting of one container means and one assembly means section is shown in solid line, with another section below it. One unit is indicated by a dash-dot line.

9A to 9D show a ninth embodiment, and FIG.
Figure A shows a plan view thereof, Figure 9B shows a sectional view taken along line bb in Figure 9A, Figure 9C shows a sectional view taken along line cc in Figure 9A, and Figure 9D shows a plan view of the same. Figure 3 shows a front view of the assembly means in the folded state;

The container means 10 has a circular open surface 11 at the upper end, a circular thread bottom 14 at the lower bottom, and a diametrically elongated insertion hole 13 at the lower bottom surrounded by the thread bottom 14.

The assembly means is formed from a single wire and has a main shaft means portion 29 divided into a plurality of parts, mutual coupling means 37, 38 formed at both ends thereof, and coupling support means 30. FIG. 9D shows a front view of the assembly means in the folded state. For use, please refer to No. 9
Outer ring-shaped coupling support means 3 shown at the lower end of Figure D
0 at right angles to the axis of the main shaft means portion 29,
Thereafter, the container means 10 is rotated 9 with respect to the main shaft means portion 29.
By rotating by 0°, the state shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C is achieved. This 90° rotation causes the lower bottom of the container means 10 to be supported not only by the coupling support means 30, but also to be coupled between the main shaft means portion 29 and the lower interconnection means 38 and to the interconnection means 38. The diametrically extending portion between the support means 30 can also contribute to supporting the lower base of the container means 10. Interconnecting means 37 for connecting a plurality of units assembled as shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C;
By connecting by 38 a suspended three-dimensional cultivation system can be formed.

Although various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, they are merely illustrative, and various modifications can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

For example, the open surface 11 of the container means is not limited to circular or rectangular shapes, but may be fan-shaped, L-shaped, triangular, and various other shapes.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the main shaft means 20 is not limited to only circular or rectangular shapes, but may also be I-shaped, L-shaped, H-shaped, U-shaped, cross-shaped, mouth-shaped, etc. In a suspended system, the main shaft means may also be made of a material such as a string, chain, or wire that does not have self-shape retention.

It will also be understood that when the main shaft means 20 and the coupling support means 30 are formed to be separable, the manner of coupling therebetween may be modified in various ways. Any known coupling structure such as screwing, threading, bayonet fitting, interlocking fitting, etc. may be utilized.

Furthermore, the manner in which the container means is supported so as to be tiltable within a limited angular range with respect to the main shaft means may also be modified in various ways.

For example, a circular support shaft hole may be provided in the container means, and the cylindrical body may be rotatably inserted therein.

Further, the stabilizing blade 50 described with reference to FIG. 1C may have an insertion hole in its center axis and insert the main shaft means therein, or alternatively, the stabilizing blade may have a fitting groove along the center axis and the main shaft means inserted therein. The main shaft means may be fitted into the main shaft means.

Furthermore, the wing portion of the stabilizing wing may be extended to abut against the container wall and directly support the container means.

In addition, when a plurality of parts of the main shaft means are connected in the longitudinal direction to form one main shaft means 20, a fitting structure and an engaging structure using hooks and eyes have been illustrated, but a threaded structure and other A variety of known fill-in structures are available.

Also, if the system covers a surface having a width greater than the longitudinal dimension of an elongated container, a plurality of container means can be stacked in a brick-like manner. It will be readily understood that in this case, container means having two different longitudinal dimensions may be provided.

As a precaution, the stacked condition is schematically shown in Figure 10a.

Further, when arranging a plurality of systems in parallel, it is also possible to use auxiliary means to laterally connect the main shaft means of adjacent systems. The use of this auxiliary coupling means 60 is schematically shown in FIG. 10b.

It will be appreciated that this auxiliary coupling means 60 can be shared with the coupling support means 30.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

10: Container means, 11: Open surface, 12: Drain port, 13:
Insertion hole, 14: Thread bottom, 15: Projection, 16: Recessed hole, 17:
horizontal portion, 18: upward protrusion, 20: main shaft means, 21:
Fitting hole, 22: Eye, 30: Connection support means, 31: Notch portion, 32: Side line portion, 33: Wing portion, 34: Notch portion, 3
5: Insertion hole, 36: Fitting hole, 37: Hook, 38: Eye, 40: Receiver, 41: Suspension shaft, 42: Joint part, 43: Flange part, 44: Fixing means, 45: Inner container, 50 : Stabilizing wing

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] [1] m pieces (where m is an integer of 2 or more) of container means each having one open surface at the upper end and at least one drain port at the lower bottom surface; , n is an integer of 1 or more);
and an assembly means having a plurality of coupling and supporting means, wherein the m container means are spaced apart from each other in an array direction that intersects at a certain angle with respect to a horizontal plane, and the n main shaft means are , extending through each container means at a distance from the container wall surrounding the open surface of each container means, the lower base of each container means being connected to the n main shafts by at least one connecting support means. and are coupled and supported at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal axis of the means, thereby forming a vegetated area along the container wall surrounding the open face of each container means around the n main axis means. A three-dimensional cultivation system characterized by: [2] The system according to claim 1, wherein the container means and the assembly means are formed as separate detachable members, and the main shaft means of the assembly means and the coupling support means are detachable. each of the container means has n insertion holes in its lower bottom portion for receiving the n main shaft means; A three-dimensional cultivation system characterized in that the main shaft means inserted into the hole is connected and supported at respective heights. [3] The system according to claim 2, wherein each of the connection support means has a support line portion extending linearly along a horizontal plane on which the lower bottom of each container means is placed; The support line portions of all bonding support means are oriented parallel and attached to the main shaft means, thereby maintaining the open surface of each container means horizontally, while perpendicular to the direction of extension of each support line portion. A three-dimensional cultivation system characterized in that each main axis can be inclined with respect to a horizontal plane at a desired angle within a limited angular range on a plane. [4] The system according to claim 2, wherein each of the connection support means has a support line portion including at least three points that are not aligned in a straight line in a horizontal plane on which the lower bottom of each container means is placed. 1. A three-dimensional cultivation system characterized in that the open surface of each container means is supported at a constant angle with respect to the extension direction of the main shaft means. [5] The system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the support line portion of each of the connection and support means has a complementary fitting structure with the lower bottom of each container means, and A three-dimensional cultivation system characterized in that the connection of each container means to the main shaft means is ensured by the following. [6] The system according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the main shaft means in the assembly means is divided into m parts along the longitudinal axis, and each of the main shaft means is divided into m parts along the longitudinal axis. The parts are detachably attached to each other by an interconnection structure at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the n main shaft means parts are inserted into the n insertion holes of one container means, and the container means is supported by at least one coupling support means. Connected to n main shaft means parts,
A three-dimensional cultivation system, characterized in that the m units form a single unit and are connected to each other by an interconnection structure of each main shaft means portion. [7] The system according to claim 1, wherein the container means and the assembly means are formed as separate detachable members, and the assembly means comprises n main shaft means and their main shafts. Each main shaft as a wing-like structure having support lines extending radially from the longitudinal axis of the main shaft means along a horizontal plane on which rests the lower bottom of the container means at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of each of the means. and m coupling support means formed integrally with the container means, each of the container means having n insertion holes for receiving the cross-sectional outline of the n main shaft means, and m coupling support means formed integrally with the wing-shaped coupling support means. slits extending in a radial direction from each of the insertion holes for receiving the outer shape, and each of the container means has an assembly means inserted into the insertion hole having the slit, and then each container means and the assembly means are connected to the main shaft means. The support line portion of the coupling support means is positioned and placed between the slits by relative rotation around the longitudinal axis of the container means, thereby supporting the lower bottom of each container means at their respective heights. A three-dimensional cultivation system. [8] The system according to claim 7, wherein the support line portion of each of the connection support means is a pair of wings extending linearly along a horizontal plane on which the lower bottom of each container means is placed. The support line portions of all coupling support means on all main shaft means are oriented in parallel, thereby maintaining the open surface of each container means horizontally while each support line portion is A three-dimensional cultivation system characterized in that each main axis means can be inclined with respect to a horizontal plane at a desired angle within a limited angular range on a plane perpendicular to the orientation direction of the cultivation system. [9] The system according to claim 7, wherein each of the connecting and supporting means is formed by at least three wings extending radially along a horizontal plane on which the lower bottom of each container means rests. What is claimed is: 1. A three-dimensional cultivation system characterized in that the three-dimensional cultivation system has two or more support line parts, whereby each container means is supported at a constant angle with respect to the main shaft means. [10] The system according to claim 9, wherein the support line portion of each of the connection and support means has a complementary fitting structure with the lower bottom of each container means, whereby each container means A three-dimensional cultivation system characterized by a stable connection to the main shaft means. [11] A system according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein each main shaft means of the assembly means each has one coupling support means along the longitudinal axis. Each of these parts is detachable by an interconnection structure at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the n main shaft means parts are inserted into the n insertion holes of one container means. , the container means is coupled to the main shaft means to form a single unit by means of joint support means integrally formed thereon, and m of the units are connected by an interconnection structure of the main shaft means portion. A three-dimensional cultivation system characterized by [12] The system according to any one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that the insertion hole at the bottom of each of the container means also serves as a drain port. Three-dimensional cultivation system. [13] The system according to claim 1, wherein each of the n main shaft means of the assembly means is divided into m parts along the longitudinal axis, and each of the parts is divided into m parts along the longitudinal axis. Each of the m container means is integrally connected and supported with the lower bottom portion of each of the n main shaft means portions between the n ends of the main shaft means portion. One container means and n main shaft means parts form a single unit integrally connected, and m units of the above units are connected by an interconnection structure of the main shaft means parts. A three-dimensional cultivation system.