JPS61155657A - Supplementary gear driving and starting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To set suitable output characteristics of a device used both as engine starter and as a supplementary gear driver respectively in an automotive engine or the similar by moving the brush for a supplementary gear driving or for a starting device by use of a brush moving means. CONSTITUTION:When a supplementary gear driving switch 5 is turned on, the coil 3a of a primary switch mechanism 3 is excited to close both a movable contact 3c and a contact 3d. A current from a power supply 6 flows through a brush 18 and a brush 19 which is fixed in a position A to turn an electric motor 1 counterclockwise. A supplementary gear will then be driven. Transmission of turning force to an engine is, at this time, cut off. When a starter switch 4 is thrown in, the coil 2a of a secondary switch mechanism 2 is excited to close a movable contact 2c and a contact 2d. A shaft 22 pushes a link 31 which is supported by a supporting element 30 to turn a brush 9 clockwise up to a point B. The brush 9 is fixed in said point. A current from the power supply 6 turns the electric motor 1 clockwise to start an engine via a one-way clutch.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a vehicle auxiliary device used, for example, in an automobile to start an engine and to control the drive of auxiliary devices such as a compressor, vacuum pump, and electric fan device. This invention relates to a starting device that also serves as a machine drive.

[Conventional technology]

Automobiles are equipped with a starting electric motor to control the start of the engine, and automobiles are also equipped with auxiliary equipment that requires a power source such as a vacuum pump or near compressor. It is.

Conventionally, the operation of the above-mentioned auxiliary equipment has been controlled by directly coupling the driving force from the engine, for example, and a dedicated electric motor has been set for the auxiliary equipment, and this electric motor has been used to control the auxiliary equipment. It is also being considered to drive and control the

However, when the engine is used as a direct drive source, the auxiliary equipment and the engine are always in a dynamically coupled state, so even when the auxiliary equipment is not in use, power is supplied to the auxiliary equipment. is transmitted and driven, and energy waste is unavoidable.

Further, in the case where a motor exclusively for auxiliary equipment is provided, it becomes necessary to create and set an additional space for the motor for driving the auxiliary equipment in the engine room, which has a limited capacity. This not only causes a problem with the volume of the engine compartment, but also increases the weight of the electric motor, which is a major problem in terms of reducing the weight of the vehicle.

Therefore, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-49067,
A one-way clutch is used to drive the engine when the starter motor rotates in the forward direction, and to drive the auxiliary equipment when the starter motor rotates in the reverse direction.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, with the above-mentioned conventional type, when starting the engine, a certain torque and rotational speed are required because the engine is under high load, and a large current (for example, tens of amperes to hundreds of amperes) is required in the motor windings. ), when driving the auxiliary equipment, there is a problem that if a large current is passed through the motor windings and the motor is rotated continuously, it will burn out and damage the starting device.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and is intended to enable engine starting control and drive control of auxiliary machinery to be executed by a single common electric motor.

[Means for solving problems]

an armature around which a motor winding is wound; a plurality of brushes for passing current through the motor winding; and a drive current is supplied to the brushes in response to an auxiliary drive command to rotate the armature in one direction. a first switch mechanism that supplies a drive current to the brush in response to a start command and rotates the armature in the other direction; The purpose of the present invention is to provide a starting device which also serves as an auxiliary machine drive and has a brush moving means that changes the position of the brush when a machine drive command is issued.

[For production]

By moving the brush, it is possible to achieve the characteristics of an accessory drive/starting device that requires low current and high torque when driving accessories.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described in detail below based on the configuration shown in FIG. The electric motor 1 is commonly used for starting an automobile engine and driving auxiliary equipment, and the rotating wheel 16 of this electric motor 1 is
is connected on one side to auxiliary equipment (not shown) such as an air conditioner brake, vacuum valve, electric fan, etc. via a one-way clutch, and on the other hand to the rotating shaft of the engine via a one-way clutch (not shown). , the engine starting operation is executed.

This electric motor 1 is connected to a wave-wound armature 10, a four-pole field 17 made of permanent magnets, and a tension spring 36 that slides on the outer periphery of the commutator 10a of the armature 10 and tries to fix it at the position (3).
It includes a brush 9 supported movably between the position (1) and the position (2) and a brush 18 that does not move. The brush 18 is placed on the commutator 10a at the center of the field 17.

This electric motor 1 is controlled by first and second switch mechanisms 3 and 2, and an excitation coil 3a of the first switch mechanism 3 receives an excitation current from a panteri power source 6 mounted on the vehicle. It is supplied via the auxiliary drive switch 5, which is turned on in response to the auxiliary drive command. This first switch mechanism 3 includes a first contact 3d which is closed by a first movable contact 3C when an excitation current is supplied to the coil 3a, and a first contact 3d which is closed by a spring force (not shown) in a non-excited state. It is equipped with a second contact 3b, and when the auxiliary drive switch 5 is released, the first movable contact 3C is connected to the second contact 3b.
is closed to. Further, the power source 6 is connected to the excitation coil 2a of the second switch mechanism 2 via a starter switch 4 for starter control, and when this switch 4 is in the ON state, the second movable contact 2C is turned on. No. 3 is input to the contact 2d. Furthermore, when no excitation current is supplied to the excitation coil 2a, the second movable contact 2C is connected to the fourth contact 2.
It is set to close at b.

The first and second switch mechanisms 3 and 2 are for controlling and setting the circuit of the brush 9.18 that supplies current to the motor windings of the armature 10 of the motor 1, and are basically switch 4 or 5. By selectively turning on the electric motor 1, the direction of rotation of the electric motor 1 is set to the right or left, and rotational driving force is transmitted for starting the engine or driving an auxiliary machine.

Here, the brushes connected to the windings of the armature 10 are:
It is composed of a fixed brush 18 and a brush 9 supported so as to be movable between a position (2), which is an electrically neutral point position, and a position (2), which is a position other than the electrically neutral point, for example. Further, the brush 9 is always fixed at the above position (3) by the tension spring 36. Here, when the brush 9 is in position (3), the central angle between the brush 18 and the brush 9 is approximately 90
degree, and when the brush 9 is in position (3), the central angle between the brush 18 and the brush 9 is approximately 120 degrees.

That is, when the auxiliary drive switch 5 is turned on, an exciting current is supplied to the coil 3a of the first switch mechanism 3, and the first movable contact 3C is set to be closed to the first contact 3d. Become. Therefore, when the switch 5 is turned on, the current from the power source 6 passes through the switch 3, the brush 18 of the motor 1, and the brush 19 fixed at the position (3), rotates the motor 1 to the left, and drive the machine.

In this case, the rotation of the electric motor 1 is interrupted from the engine by a one-way clutch (not shown), and no rotational force is transmitted to the engine.

Further, when the starter drive command switch 4 is turned on, the excitation coil 2a of the second switch mechanism 2 is excited, and the second movable contact 2C is closed to the third contact 2d.

Here, the extended shaft 22 of the switch mechanism 2 moves to the right in FIG. 1 and pushes the link 31, which is rotationally supported by the support 30, to the right. As a result, the brush 9 is fixed at the position (2) by a stopper (not shown) while the excitation coil 2a is excited. In such a state, the current from the power source 6 is transferred to the switch mechanism 2.
is grounded at the switch mechanism 3 through the brush 9 and the brush 18 fixed at the position (3), and the electric motor 1 is rotated clockwise. At this time, the engine can be started via the one-way clutch. Further, in this case, power transmission to the auxiliary equipment is interrupted by a one-way clutch (not shown).

FIGS. 2 and 3 show diagrams showing the above mechanism in more detail.

In FIG. 2, 20 is a switch mechanism constructed by integrating the first switch mechanism 3 and the second switch mechanism 2 in FIG.

Furthermore, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the section 2--2 in FIG. 2.

The housing 29 supports a link 24 and a link 26 that are rotatably supported by a shaft 30. The link 24 is engaged at one end with a protrusion 23 at the tip of the shaft 22 of the second switch mechanism 2, and at the other end, the spherical surface 25 contacts a ridge 27 at one end of the link 26 to enable power transmission. are doing. Further, a ridge portion 31 at the other end of the link 26 is engaged with a pin 33 fixed to a brush holder 34 that supports the movable brush 9.

In such a configuration, when a starter command is issued, the starter excitation coil 2a of the second switch mechanism 2 is excited, and the shaft 22 and projection 23 of the second switch mechanism 2 are attracted in the direction of arrow C. This force in the direction of arrow C is converted by the link 24 into a rotational force in the direction of D. This rotational force is transmitted to the ridge 27 of the link 26, and further converted into a rotational force that rotates the ridge 31 of the link 26 in the E direction, moving the movable brush 9 together with the bottle 33 from the ■ position to the ■ position in FIG. Move to.

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the brush holder assembly 35 in FIG. 3. The movable brush 9 is rotated in the F direction by the rotational force in the E direction of the ridge portion 31 of the link 26 transmitted from the second switch mechanism 2, so that the zero surface of the brush holder 34 is aligned with the zero surface of the movable holder 40. is reached, and the position of the brush 9 is determined.

Further, when no rotational force is applied to the brush 9, that is, when a starter command is not issued, the tension spring 3
6, the brush holder 3 is attached to the 0 side of the movable holder 40.
4 is pressed, and the position of the brush 9 when driving the auxiliary equipment is determined. Here, since one end of the tension spring 36 is hooked to the brush holder 41 for fixed brushes, the hooks of the nine movable brushes are hooked to the insulator 42 provided to prevent the brush from being bent.

FIG. 5 shows an exploded view of the movable brush assembly 37.

The brush holder 34 is fixed to the block 44 by pins 47 and 48. In particular, an insulating ring 39 is sandwiched between the pins 48 and the brush 9 so that the current of the brush 9 does not leak to the link 26. 48 is insulated.

A surface 44a which is both radial surfaces of the block 44;
A plurality of hemispherical grooves are cut on the b side.

Also, the movable holders 40 and 49 have 442 faces and 44 faces, respectively.
A groove having a semicircular cross section is dug in the 402 plane and the 491 plane opposite to the b plane. The brush holder 34 can be moved by fitting a plurality of steel balls 46 into the hemispherical grooves of the block 44, sandwiching them between movable holders 40 and 49, and screwing them to the brush holder plate 43 with screws 45.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram of the starting device which also serves as an auxiliary drive.

Here, the solid line shows the output characteristics when the brush 9 is placed in the ■ position when the auxiliary equipment is driven, and the broken line shows the output characteristics when the brush 9 is placed in the ■ position when the engine is started. ing. Also, A and B are the rotation speed, C and D are the output, and E
, F indicate torque, respectively.

When starting the engine, a predetermined torque T + and rotation speed are required due to the high load. At this time, the rotational speed of A is N2 and the rotational speed of B is N3, resulting in a state of N3>N2. Therefore, when the torque T1 is required, when the brush 9 is in the ■ position, the rotational speed can be increased, and the engine can be started easily.

Also, when driving low-load auxiliary equipment, for example, the torque T
Requires o. At this time, the current flowing through the motor windings is
10 each. II, and 10<l. Therefore, a predetermined torque can be obtained with a small current In, and even when the motor is continuously rotated, the heat generated in the motor windings can be suppressed, and It is also possible to reduce the power consumed by the electric motor.

From the above, by moving the brush 9,
Both auxiliary equipment drive and engine starting can be successfully performed.

In the embodiment described above, four permanent magnets were used for the field 17, but a plurality of permanent magnets may be used, and the brush 9.1
A plurality of 8 may be provided corresponding to the number of field magnets 17.

Furthermore, when four brushes are used, two opposing brushes may be moved, or all brushes may be moved.

In addition, in the above embodiment? A configuration is shown in which power is supplied from the battery both when driving the ILI machine and when starting the engine. However, due to the drive current reduction effect of the present invention, it is also possible to configure the vehicle to supply power from the vehicle generator when driving the auxiliary equipment.

In addition, although the shaft 22 of the second switch mechanism 2 is used to move the brush 9, it is also possible to use a small motor or the like and use the rotational force of this motor to move the brush 9. Good too.

Furthermore, although the motor windings are wound around the armature by wave winding, they may be wound by lap winding.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, in the present invention, by moving the brush using the brush moving means, it is possible to set different output characteristics for starting the engine and driving auxiliary equipment such as a compressor. The current in the motor windings can be lowered, effectively reducing power consumption when driving auxiliary equipment, and at the same time reducing heat generation.Furthermore, when starting the engine, it is possible to achieve high rotation with a predetermined torque. This has the excellent effect of making it easier to start the engine.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an auxiliary drive/starting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in further detail, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the brush holder plate assembly, FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the movable brush assembly, and FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the output characteristics of the auxiliary equipment drive/starting device. be. 9.18... Brush for fixing the movable brush, 10...
Armature, 2... Second switch mechanism, 3... First switch mechanism, 22.31... Shaft forming a moving means, ridge of link.

Claims (1)

[Claims] an armature around which a motor winding is wound; a plurality of brushes for passing current through the motor winding; and a drive current is supplied to the brushes in response to an auxiliary drive command to rotate the armature in one direction. a first switch mechanism that supplies a drive current to the brush in response to a start command and rotates the armature in the other direction; and a brush moving means for changing the position of the brush.