JP2004040958A - Starting motor-charging generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the size of a commutator to improve mountability onto a vehicle without causing degradation in performance. <P>SOLUTION: A starting motor-charging generator 1 is provided with a speed increasing gear 10 which is positioned between a rotor 2 which functions as a magnetic field system and a rotor plate 6 having a commutator. Rotation of the rotor 2 is increased in speed by the speed increasing gear 10 before it is transmitted to the rotor plate 6. Thus, the number of segments of the commutator is reduced to a value smaller than the number of poles according to the speed increasing rate of the speed increasing gear 10. Therefore, the larger width of the segments is ensured as compared with cases where the speed increasing gear 10 is not used. As a result, when the starting motor-charging generator is used as a starting motor, the time of contact between the segments and a brush is lengthened. Thus, more current is passed through armature windings u, v, and w, and the starter performance is enhanced. If the width of the segments is made equal to that taken when the speed increasing gear 10 is not used, the number of the segments is reduced, and the size of the commutator is accordingly reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a starting motor and a charging generator that function as a starting motor when the engine is started and function as a charging generator after the engine is started.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a prior art, there is, for example, JP-A-59-144355.
The starting motor and charging generator disclosed in this publication includes a stator having an armature winding, a rotor coupled to a crankshaft of the engine and rotating, a commutator rotating in synchronization with the rotation of the rotor, And a brush or the like that moves in opposition to the commutator.
When the engine is started, a battery current is supplied to the armature winding via a brush that contacts the commutator, so that a rotational force is generated in the rotor, and the rotor functions as a starting motor that starts the engine with the rotational force. After the engine is started, an electromotive force is generated in the armature winding with the rotation of the rotor, and functions as a charging generator for rectifying the electromotive force and charging the battery.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The commutator is divided according to the number of poles of the rotor in the starting motor / charging generator. That is, if the number of poles of the rotor is eight, the number of commutator segments is also set to eight.
However, since the commutator has a segment width in the rotation direction determined by the size of the brush, if the commutator is divided according to the number of poles of the rotor, the commutator will increase in size in proportion to the number of divisions. As a result, when the number of poles of the rotor is set to be large in order to improve the power generation performance, the commutator has a correspondingly large physique, and the entire device becomes large in size, thereby deteriorating the mountability on a vehicle.
[0004]
In addition, since the commutator width (segment width) affects the output of the starting motor, it is desirable to increase the commutator width as much as possible in order to produce an output. However, as the segment width increases, the physique of the commutator necessarily increases, and there is a limit to increasing the segment width.
The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a starting motor and charging generator that can reduce the physique of a commutator and improve mountability on a vehicle without deteriorating performance. To provide.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(Invention of claim 1)
The starting motor / charging generator of the present invention is provided with a rotor that functions as a field, a stator having an armature winding, and a rotatable member that is rotatable in synchronization with the rotation of the rotor. A commutator that is disposed with the insulating portion interposed therebetween in the direction, a conduction means that electrically connects the commutator to the battery at the time of engine start, and is provided so as to be able to contact the commutator, and is connected to the armature winding; A brush that contacts the commutator at the time of starting the engine and electrically connects the commutator and the armature winding; and increases or decreases the rotation of the rotor between the rotor and the commutator. And a transmission means for transmitting the power to the commutator.
According to this configuration, since the speed change means is provided between the rotor and the commutator, there is no need to divide the commutator according to the number of poles of the rotor, and the number of segments of the commutator can be reduced by the number of poles of the rotor. It is possible to set fewer or more than the number.
[0006]
(Invention of claim 2)
The starting motor and charging generator according to claim 1,
The speed change means is a speed increasing device that speeds up the rotation of the rotor and transmits the speed to the commutator. The speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing device is I, the number of poles of the rotor is A, the number of segments of the commutator (pole When the number is B, the following relationship is established.
A = I × B
[0007]
According to this configuration, the number of commutator segments can be made smaller than the number of poles of the rotor in accordance with the speed increase ratio of the speed increasing device. That is, the larger the speed increase ratio, the smaller the number of commutator segments. As a result, the physique of the commutator can be reduced without reducing the number of poles of the rotor, so that the mountability on the vehicle is improved.
[0008]
(Invention of claim 3)
The starting motor and charging generator according to claim 2,
In the commutator, the width of the segment in the rotation direction is set to be larger than the width of the insulating portion.
When the number of commutator segments is reduced, the width of each segment can be set correspondingly larger, so that when used as a starter motor (starter), the contact time with the brush is increased, and the output of the starter is improved.
[0009]
(Invention of Claim 4)
In any one of the starting motor and charging generator according to claim 1,
The conduction means includes a slip ring electrically connected to the commutator, and a brush that comes into contact with the slip ring when the engine is started.
As a result, the commutator is energized from the battery when the engine is started, and the battery current is energized to the armature winding via the brush contacting the commutator.
[0010]
(Invention of claim 5)
In any one of the starting motor and charging generator according to claim 1,
In the speed change means, the output shaft connected to the commutator is arranged coaxially with the rotation shaft of the rotor.
In this case, since the rotor and the commutator can be arranged coaxially via the transmission means, the entire apparatus can be configured compact.
[0011]
(Invention of claim 6)
In any one of the starting motor and charging generator according to claim 1,
In the speed change means, the output shaft connected to the commutator is arranged on a different shaft from the rotation shaft of the rotor.
In this case, it is not necessary to arrange the rotor, the speed change means and the commutator on the same axis, and the speed change means and the commutator are separated in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis of the rotor by, for example, a timing belt or a gear. Since it can be arranged, the degree of freedom in mounting on a vehicle is improved.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a starting motor / charge generator 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, a starting motor / charge generator 1 according to the present embodiment includes a rotor 2 and a stator 3 which constitute an alternator, a rotating plate 6 having a commutator 4 and a slip ring 5, a commutator 4 when the engine is started. , A second brush 8 that contacts the slip ring 5 when the engine is started, a solenoid 9 that drives the first brush 7 and the second brush 8, and a rotating plate 6 that speeds up the rotation of the rotor 2. , And the like.
[0013]
The rotor 2 has, for example, eight field poles (not shown) and a field winding 2a (see FIG. 4) for generating a magnetic flux in the field poles, and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 2b. A pulley 11 is attached to one end of the rotating shaft 2b, and the pulley 11 is connected to a crank pulley 13 of the engine 12 by a belt 14 (see FIG. 1). The stator 3 has an annular stator core 3a fixed around the rotor 2, and three independent armature windings u, v, w are wound around the stator core 3a.
The three armature windings u, v, w are star-connected, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, and connected to a rectifier circuit 16 composed of six diodes 15.
[0014]
The rotating plate 6 has a disk shape made of an insulator, and the commutator 4 and the slip ring 5 are attached to one surface.
As shown in FIG. 3, the commutator 4 has a plurality of (two in this embodiment) segments 4a arranged in the rotational direction with the insulating portion 4b interposed therebetween.
As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the slip rings 5 are arranged on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the commutator 4, and are provided integrally with the individual segments 4a.
[0015]
Three first brushes 7 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction so as to face the commutator 4, and are connected to the armature windings u, v, w, respectively (see FIG. 4).
As shown in FIG. 3, when the width of the first brush 7 is δ, the width of the segment 4a is θ1, and the width of the insulating portion 4b is θ2, the following magnitude relationship is established.
δ <θ2 ≦ θ1
[0016]
Two second brushes 8 are arranged facing the inner slip ring 5 and the outer slip ring 5, the outer second brush 8 is connected to the battery 17, and the inner second brush 8 is grounded. Connected (see FIG. 4).
As shown in FIG. 1, the first brush 7 and the second brush 8 are housed in a brush holder 19 together with a spring 18 and move integrally with the brush holder 19 in the axial direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1).
[0017]
When excited by the control circuit 20 (see FIG. 4), the solenoid 9 drives the brush holder 19 toward the rotating plate 6 (to the left in FIG. 1) by the magnetic force generated therein. As a result, the first brush 7 and the second brush 8 abut on the commutator 4 (segment 4a) and the slip ring 5, respectively, and a contact pressure is applied by the spring 18.
When the power supply to the solenoid 9 is stopped, the brush holder 19 is pushed back in a direction away from the rotary plate 6 (to the right in FIG. 1) by a return mechanism (for example, a spring) (not shown), so that the first brush 7 and the second brush The brush 8 is separated from the commutator 4 (segment 4a) and the slip ring 5, respectively.
[0018]
The speed increasing device 10 is configured by, for example, a planetary gear device in which the rotation shaft 2b of the rotor 2 and the output shaft 10a of the speed increasing device 10 can be coaxially arranged. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of planetary gears 22 are rotatably supported by a carrier 21 provided integrally with the rotating shaft 2b of the rotor 2, and are arranged outside the planetary gears 22 so as to be planetary. It has an internal gear 23 that meshes with the gear 22 and a sun gear 24 that is arranged inside the planetary gear 22 and meshes with the planetary gear 22, and this sun gear 24 is fixed to the output shaft 10a.
Here, when the speed increase ratio of the speed increasing device 10 is I, the number of poles of the rotor 2 is A, and the number of segments (the number of poles) of the commutator 4 is B, the following relationship is established.
A = I × B
[0019]
Next, the operation of the starting motor / charge generator 1 will be described.
a) When the key switch 25 (see FIG. 4) is turned on when the engine is started, a current flows through the field winding 2a of the rotor 2 and a magnetic flux is generated at the field pole.
On the other hand, when the solenoid 9 is excited through the control circuit 20, the brush holder 19 moves toward the rotating plate 6, and the first brush 7 and the second brush 8 are pressed against the commutator 4 and the slip ring 5, respectively. At this time, if the relative positions of the commutator 4 and the three first brushes 7 are as shown in FIG. 4, the armature winding w connected to the first brush 7 that contacts the two segments 4a, A current flows through u.
[0020]
As a result, the rotor 2 starts rotating due to the interaction between the magnetic flux generated in the field poles and the current flowing through the armature windings w and u. When the rotor 2 rotates, the rotating plate 6 rotates via the speed increasing device 10, so that the relative positions of the three first brushes 7 and the two segments 4a change, and three armature windings are formed. The direction of current flow for u, v, and w switches. As a result, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator 3, and a rotating torque is generated in the rotor 2, and the rotating torque is transmitted to the crankshaft 12a of the engine 12 by belt transmission to crank the engine 12.
[0021]
b) After starting the engine During normal operation after starting the engine, the solenoid 9 is deenergized and the brush holder 19 moves in a direction away from the rotating plate 6, so that the first brush 7 and the second brush 8 are respectively connected to the commutator 4 and the commutator 4. The state is apart from the slip ring 5.
On the other hand, since current flows through the field winding 2a of the rotor 2, AC electromotive force is generated in the three armature windings u, v, w with the rotation of the rotor 2. The AC electromotive force is rectified by the rectifier circuit 16, supplied to the vehicle-mounted load, and charged in the battery 17.
If the charging voltage becomes too high, the field current is reduced by the regulator 26 (see FIG. 4), so that the charging voltage of the battery 17 is controlled to be constant.
[0022]
(Effects of the present embodiment)
In the starting motor / charge generator 1 described above, since the speed increasing device 10 is provided between the rotor 2 and the rotating plate 6, the number of segments of the commutator 4 depends on the speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing device 10. Can be made smaller than the number of poles of the rotor 2. For example, when the speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing device 10 is 4, if the number of poles of the rotor 2 is 8, the number of segments of the commutator 4 can be set to two. As a result, the commutator 4 can secure a larger width θ1 of the segment 4a than when the speed increasing device 10 is not used (in the case where the number of segments is eight). As a result, when used as a starting motor, the contact time between each segment 4a and the first brush 7 becomes longer, and more current can flow through the armature windings u, v, w. Therefore, the starter performance is improved.
[0023]
Further, when the width θ1 of the segment 4a is the same as that in the case of eight segments, the physique of the commutator 4 can be reduced as the number of segments decreases. As a result, the mountability on a vehicle is improved.
Further, in the configuration of the present embodiment, the combination of the number of poles of the rotor 2 and the number of segments of the commutator 4 can be changed by changing the speed increase ratio of the speed increasing device 10, so that commutation according to the number of poles of the rotor 2 can be performed. There is no need to newly manufacture the armature 4, and it can be dealt with only by combining the speed increasing device 10 and the commutator 4.
[0024]
(Modification)
In the above embodiment, the commutator 4 and the slip ring 5 are provided on the surface of the rotating plate 6 to form a planar type. However, a ring type in which the commutator 4 and the slip ring 5 are provided on a cylindrical surface may be used. .
Further, in the embodiment, the rotational speed 2b of the rotor 2 and the output shaft 10a of the speed increasing device 10 are coaxially arranged by adopting the speed increasing device 10 composed of the planetary gear device. The output shaft 10a of the speed increasing device 10 can be separated from the rotating shaft 2b by, for example, a timing belt or a gear. In this case, the commutator section can be provided separately from the alternator, so that the degree of freedom in mounting on the vehicle is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a starting motor and a charging generator.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a speed increasing device.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram of a starting motor and a charging generator.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Starting motor and charging generator 2 Rotor (rotor)
2b Rotary axis of rotor 3 Stator (stator)
4 commutator 4a segment 4b insulating part 5 slip ring (conduction means)
7 First brush 8 Second brush (conduction means)
10 Speed increasing device (transmission means)
10a Output shaft of gearbox 12 Engine 17 Battery u, v, w Armature winding

Claims (6)

A rotor that works as a field,
A stator having an armature winding;
A commutator provided rotatably in synchronization with the rotation of the rotor, and a plurality of segments are arranged with an insulating portion interposed therebetween in the rotational direction;
Conducting means for electrically connecting the commutator to a battery when the engine is started;
A brush that is provided so as to be able to abut on the commutator, is connected to the armature winding, and contacts the commutator when the engine is started to electrically connect the commutator and the armature winding. With
At the time of starting the engine, it functions as a starting motor for starting the engine by the rotational power generated by the rotor,
After the engine is started, a starting motor and a charging generator functioning as a charging generator for rectifying the electromotive force generated in the armature winding and charging the battery,
A starter motor / charge generator further comprising a speed change means for increasing or decreasing the rotation of the rotor and transmitting the rotation to the commutator between the rotor and the commutator. The starting motor and charging generator according to claim 1,
The speed change means is a speed increasing device that speeds up the rotation of the rotor and transmits the speed to the commutator. The speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing device is I, the number of poles of the rotor is A, the commutator is When the number of segments (the number of poles) is B,
A = I × B
A starting motor and a charging generator, wherein the above relationship is satisfied. The starting motor and charging generator according to claim 2,
In the commutator, a width of the segment in a rotation direction is set to be larger than a width of the insulating portion, and the commutator is also a starting motor and a charging generator. In any one of the starting motor and charging generator according to claim 1,
A starting motor and a charging generator, characterized in that the conducting means comprises a slip ring electrically connected to the commutator, and a brush which comes into contact with the slip ring when the engine is started. In any one of the starting motor and charging generator according to claim 1,
The shifting means is characterized in that an output shaft connected to the commutator is arranged coaxially with a rotation shaft of the rotor. In any one of the starting motor and charging generator according to claim 1,
In the above-mentioned speed change means, an output shaft connected to the commutator is arranged on a shaft different from a rotation shaft of the rotor.

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