JPS61154467A - 1-phase reluctance type motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the efficiency and to reduce the torque ripple by opposing a rotor and a stationary armature provided with the prescribed magnetic salient poles, and suitably exciting the pole of the armature by the output of a position detector. CONSTITUTION:A rotational shaft 1 is supported by ball bearings 1a, 1b press- fitted to a cylindrical support 24 implanted to a body substrate. Poles 3a-3b are spaced at 90 deg. from each other, and exciting coils 4a-4d are respectively mounted on the poles. A rotor 2 is press-fitted to the inside of a rotor 5 with salient poles 2a, 2b. The coils 4a-4d are excited by the control of the output of a position detector for detecting the position of the rotor 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a variable reluctance type semiconductor motor that obtains driving rotational force without using a field magnet. In particular, the object of the present invention is to obtain an l-phase stepping motor with a relatively large output, which is suitable for use as an electric fan when an external rotor type motor is used.

Reluctance type electric motors are well known for their low speed and high torque, but there is no one that has low torque, has a simple structure, and is manufactured at low cost.

Also, l-phase reluctance stepping motors have not been put to practical use because they have problems with their starting characteristics.

Although the l-phase reluctance motor has advantages such as simple construction, low cost construction, and small size but high output, it also has some drawbacks as described below.

First, because the magnetic attraction forces (in the radial direction) of the rotor and stator are not balanced, a large amount of mechanical noise is generated.

Secondly, the bearings are damaged due to the reasons mentioned above.

Thirdly, the magnetic flux generated by the stator excitation penetrates other salient poles of the rotor, thereby generating counter-torque, which reduces efficiency and output torque.

First, in this type of l-phase motor, since the change in reluctance is small at the beginning and end of energization, a large armature current flows, and since there is no output torque at this time, ineffective energization occurs. This has the drawback of increasing copper loss and deteriorating efficiency. Therefore, it cannot start automatically again.

Sthly, the torque ripple is 100 degrees, which causes large electromagnetic noise, and has the disadvantage that it cannot be used in applications that require flat torque characteristics.

Since the above-mentioned points become disadvantages, a field magnet is not required, and furthermore, despite the above-mentioned advantages, it is difficult to put it into practical use.

The device of the present invention is characterized in that it is possible to obtain an electric motor of this type in which the above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated and only the advantages can be utilized.

Next, the details of FIG. 1 and subsequent figures will be explained.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a reluctance type l-phase electric motor. In Figure 1 (α).

The rotary shaft is rotatably supported by the main body by a bearing. As will be described later with reference to FIG. 3, the main body curtain plate 2J is rotatably supported by a pole bearing 16 press-fitted into a cylindrical support 2J. Further, the central hole of the armature 3 is press-fitted into the cylindrical support member.

The three armatures are made by a well-known method of cutting and laminating thin magnetic plates (silicon steel plates) in the shape shown.

The magnetic poles Jα, Jh, , 3e, and Jd are spaced apart from each other by qO degrees,
Excitation coils qα, (II?, Qb) respectively.

Qd is installed. The width of the magnetic poles Ja, 3b, . . . is made smaller than the qo degree.

In FIG. 1(A), a silicon steel plate or a thin light steel plate is cut out into the shapes shown (symbols 3α, 3b).

The fixed armature 3 is made by stacking these pieces (shown as 3f, 3). The hole Jf becomes a hole into which the cylindrical support shown in FIG. 1(a) is press-fitted. Although the arms Ji and JA are provided with the magnets JQ, 3d shown in FIG. 1(a), they are omitted and not shown. Magnetic poles 3a, 3b, Jc
, the width of Jd is made smaller than 90 degrees, and the excitation coil qα,
tth.

It also serves as a means to eliminate traps and dead spots, as will be described later.

The rotor, indicated by the symbol S in FIG. 1 (α), is a cup-shaped rotating body made of mild steel and made of plastic, and a rotation shaft / is fixed at the center of the bottom surface thereof.

A rotor is made by stacking die-cut silicon steel plates having protrusions fij2α and b, and the rotor is press-fitted and fixed inside the rotating body 3. The protrusions wt2α and yb are located at symmetrical positions, and each width is made wider than 90 degrees by the shaded portions 2f and h.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the entire Mononoke shown in FIG. 3, taken along the dotted line 0 in FIG. 1 from the direction of the arrow. This embodiment is particularly designed as a small fan motor.

In FIG. 3, the same symbols as in FIG. 1 are the same members.

A cylindrical support 21 is installed on the substrate λJ, and a ball bearing 16 is press-fitted into the inside of the cylindrical support 21, so that the rotation 04ht is rotatably supported.

The central hole of the armature 3 is press-fitted into the cylindrical support 2Q. A rotating shaft l is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the cup-shaped rotating body S. The rotating body S is made of plastic material by injection molding, and at this time, the rotor and salient poles A and B are embedded, and at the same time, the outer circumference has <7
-Four fans are molded.

Therefore, since the fans 7α, 7b, the rotor λ, and the rotating body S are made in Kt simultaneous steps, it is possible to mass-produce them at low cost.

Mononoke board uJ indicated by dotted lines 9α and qA on the lower surface of the rotating body 5
This is a printed circuit board attached to the top of the board, on which the necessary electrical circuits are constructed.

Fig. 1 (σ) Coil ii serving as the illustrated position sensing element,
Although they are fixed to a support mounted on the substrate J so as to face the salient poles α and B, they are not shown in the drawings. As understood from the above explanation, the exciting coil tIa,
By energizing llb,..., the rotating body 3 and fan 7α
, 7b, . . . rotates to form a small fan motor.

Next, the energization control device for the excitation coils la, Qb, Qc, and 1Icl will be explained.

FIG. S shows a position sensing device.

In FIG. 5(α), a Colpitts or . . . -tray firing circuit is constructed using the coil l/ shown in the first diagram as an inductance member. Empty the coil/ll-
Since the coil is about 10~/S, oscillation of several megacycles is performed, and its output is converted to DC by a rectifying and smoothing circuit including a diode and a capacitor/J, and transistors/II,/! ; is connected to the output from the terminals α and /6b. The symbol ZA is the DC positive voltage terminal.

Every time the coil faces the salient poles 2a and λb in FIG. 1, oscillation is stopped due to iron loss and eddy current loss. Therefore,
The output waveform of the terminals 16α, /4b is a rectangular wave pulse train, and the gap between them is equal to the width of the rectangular wave. Figure 1 (
α) Shaded part 2!1. Since it is a concave notch (four parts), there is no loss and there is no effect on the above-mentioned waveform.

Output terminal 16α, /&b, terminal /7 in Figure 7 (α)
It is input to α and changes the conduction of the transistor 10α.

The conduction and non-conduction of the transistor 10h are opposite to those of the transistor 10α and are alternated. Therefore, the energization of excitation coils A and B is also alternated. The symbols α and th are the negative electrodes of the power supply voltage.

Excitation coil qα, Qh and excitation coil 9f in Fig. 1:
/Id are the coils in Figure S, respectively.

It is equivalent to BK.

When the rotor λ rotates in the direction of arrow C in the state shown in Fig. 1, the coil fixed to a part of the main body is separated from the salient pole α, so the output of the terminal 16α in Fig. S is As a result, the coil B in FIG. 7(α), that is, the excitation coils tIc and 'Id, is energized. Therefore, different polarities are generated due to magnetic induction due to the protrusion Wt, 1α, λb, and the rotor rotates clockwise due to the attractive force.

When rotating only during the salient pole, B
Since the ordinary number changes, the output of the terminal 16α in FIG. 3 disappears, and the output of the coil I in FIG.
energization of a and lIh is started, and excitation coil 1). :,
Power supply to ed is stopped. Therefore, under the same circumstances, the salient pole α
, 2h are attracted by the magnetic poles 3a, , 3b and undergo subsequent rotation.

As described above, the energization of the excitation coils ua, Qh and the excitation coil 41 t7゜qd is alternated based on the position detection output of the coil /l, so that the motor rotates as an l-phase DC motor.

In this case, output torque and efficiency, salient pole core a I J
A and #Kokuja, 34. ... depends largely on the size of the voids. When the air gap is set to about 30 microns, output torque and efficiency corresponding to a well-known semiconductor motor using rare earth magnets can be obtained, and a low-cost, high-output motor can be obtained.

In such a case, as a matter of course, salient pole cores a, cob and magnetic pole 3
The magnetic attraction force in the axial direction between α, 3b, . . . also becomes significantly large. However, as mentioned above, since the applied force is symmetrical with respect to the axis l, it will not cause any damage to the bearing.

In addition, since there is a gap between the magnetic poles as mentioned in ts+1, the armature coils can be mounted on the (m-poles Ja, Jb,... It has a suitable configuration.

A coil//or other known means for obtaining a position sensing signal may also be used.

Since the device shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to a well-known l-phase DC motor, it has a dead center and cannot be started. Therefore, a starting means is required.

FIG. 2(a) is a developed view of the salient pole cores a and 2b shown in K, viewed from the inside.

The width of the salient poles αI and b is 90 degrees, and they are spaced apart by 90 degrees. Notch (recess) 21. The width of the hole is about 3A degrees. With respect to the rotational direction of arrow C, a sub salient pole C1λd is added to the rear edge portions, that is, to the left of salient poles α and B. Secondary salient pole 2 e.

The cover is made by the same means as in the case of FIG. 1(A). That is, the projections wLJ a , J h , in FIG. 1(,),
Cut out the narrower width of ... to make salient pole 2a.

When Jb is laminated and made, it can be made by laminating and solidifying at the same time and removing the sloped part.

Notch part in t57 figure (a)! , can be made by cutting out a wide salient pole and a narrow salient pole in advance, and then laminating and solidifying the two.

However, by stacking pieces of the same width, the notch is broken.

It is possible to make the widths of the salient poles 2a and 2 the same as that of the salient poles 2a and b, but in this case, it is necessary to separately provide a position detection means. Such a means is a means for self-starting as will be described later, so it is a salient pole 21). The width of Jb in the rotational direction is made larger than 90 degrees by a predetermined angle, in this case by 3b degrees.

The purpose of adding the sub salient poles 2e and d is to increase the width of the trailing edge of the salient poles 2e and d, as shown in Figure 1(d). The same purpose can be achieved even if the sides of the poles α and B are removed with a cutter as shown by the slopes 9α, 29b.

FIG. 2(A) is a developed view of the magnetic poles Ja, jb, 3c, and Jd viewed from the outside. The width of each magnetic pole is less than 10 degrees.

What is shown in Figure 6 (α) is a developed view of salient poles and magnetic poles.
Salient pole, 2a, cob, magnetic 1jJ a, J h, −
.

Sub-salient poles C, C, d, notch 1). 2^ and excitation coil Qa, lI4. ... is the first. They are shown with the same symbols in the figure.

In Fig. 6-), the position detection element is as shown in Fig. 5 (
Coil II of σ) is used.

Rotating as an I-phase motor is as described above with reference to FIG.

However, since it is an l-phase electric motor, it cannot be started automatically, has too much ripple torque, and has the disadvantage that an ineffective excitation current flows to the output torque at the dead center position, increasing copper loss.

The device according to the invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated.

Next, I will explain it.

In FIG. 56 (α), when the rotor is slightly to the left, the coil l/ is facing the salient pole 2aK, so the excitation coils α and ttb are energized. Therefore, suddenly! Ip,, 2 a, cob and sub-salient pole coc.

This generates a torque to the right to drive the rotor in the direction of arrow C.

In the illustrated position, the attractive forces of the salient pole 2a, JA pole, and each magnetic pole are balanced and there is no torque. However, sub-salient poles, 2. ?
, 2tt, torque in the direction of arrow C is generated to rotate the rotor.

Therefore, the coil l/k is separated from the salient pole α, and the excitation coils lie and Qd are alternately energized. At this time, the salient pole α, 2b is lost due to the above-mentioned balance, the notch part Koda, the attraction force between the salient pole part at the part λ and the magnetic poles Jc, Jd, and is attracted to the magnetic poles Jc, 3d. and rotate in the direction of arrow C.

When the rotor rotates qo degrees, its developed diagram is shown in Figure 1 (
A).

In this case, the situation is exactly the same; if the rotor unit is located slightly to the left, torque on the right side is generated by the sub salient poles 2c and d, and even in the illustrated position, the rotation occurs due to the torque on the right side. Therefore, a rotating l-phase semiconductor motor with continuous rotational torque is obtained.

In the graph shown in Figure 7 (,), the vertical axis is torque.

Horizontal Tsukuda 1 is indicated by rotation angle θ.

The curves igα, 1g b , . . . are torque curves due to each magnetic pole, and are for a well-known /phase electric motor. At the zero torque point of the torque curve /gα, /l; Since it can be obtained, it can be started automatically. At the same time, in this regard,
This positive torque generates a counter electromotive force, which has the effect of reducing the excitation current and reducing copper push.

Torque curve in Fig. 7 (α) /qα, /9 A,...
・ is the torque curve by the device of the present invention, and each torque curve/9
a.

/9h, . . . The overlapping portion where the angle is greater than 90 degrees is shown by a dotted line, but since the current is cut off in this portion, there is no output torque. The torque is only indicated by the solid line. Since the torque curve is asymmetrical, the dotted line λ? It is preferable to switch the excitation current at positions a, 27h, . . . . Due to the waveform of the follower curve, it is necessary to shift it left and right by a predetermined angle and fix it. For the reasons mentioned above, the output torque characteristic becomes flat, which has the effect of reducing ripple torque.

Arrow 1 in Figure 1! ; Length ratio of a, 23 b and notch part! , 2A, the flatness of the output torque can be adjusted.

As shown in FIG. 2(d), the shape of the salient pole α1.2b is deformed into a wedge shape, and the sub salient pole 2. :, the effect is the same even if 2d is omitted.

A developed view of the salient poles and magnetic poles in this case is shown with the same symbols in FIG. 6 (•).

In Fig. 6 (1), magnetic i@j, ? , ,? c.
Assuming that l is excited, salient pole cores a and 2b are rotated in the direction of arrow C in response to driving torque. At this time, since the coil // is spaced apart from the protruding rod 2a, the excitation coil 9f:, Ild is energized.

When the rotation is more than qo degrees, the output torque becomes zero for the first time, and if energization continues, it will be converted to counter torque.

That is, a positive torque exceeding 90 degrees and a counter torque at a smaller angle are repeatedly generated.

Such a torque curve is shown as curve 31 in Fig. fJ57. Curve 31α is the counter-torque portion.

The torque curves due to the excitation of the magnetic poles 3α and 3h have the same shape as shown by the curve J2, but the phases differ by qo degrees.

Dotted line J,? a, J,? At the point h,..., the position detection output from the coil // causes the exciting coil qα,
By switching the energization of lIh and the excitation coils (le, Qd), continuous positive torque is obtained, torque ripple is reduced, and the motor is capable of self-starting.

(Although the slopes on the lower side of the wedge-shaped salient poles α and B are straight lines, by making them curved, the torque curve can be changed.

For example, the salient pole in FIG. 2(1) has a rectangular shape, and two sub salient poles are added. The lower side of the salient pole is a curved unit that protrudes upward.

The torque curve due to the salient pole α has a steep rising portion, but the torque curve due to the salient pole bK has a gentle slope at the rising portion and a steep trailing edge. The resultant torque curve will be relatively flat. The flatness can be freely changed by changing the shape of the curve 2 and the sub salient pole C.

Each of the above-mentioned embodiments has been described with nine magnetic poles and λ salient poles, but when le is a positive integer of 2 or more,
The present invention can also be practiced with 21 magnetic poles and n salient poles.

The width of the salient pole at this time is larger than 180/rbg, and the width of the magnetic pole is made smaller.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2(1) will be described.

FIG. 2(1) is a developed view of the salient poles α and B in FIG. 1(a) as seen from the inside. The width of the salient poles λα and λb is 90 degrees (it may be slightly wider than this).
24 A,... are juxtaposed. Secondary salient pole 24
The widths of a, 2A b, . . . are aS degrees and are separated by the same angle. The salient poles Ja and 2 are spaced apart by 90 degrees.

The central part of the salient pole λα and the central part of the sub salient pole λtα are deviated by 5 degrees as shown by arrow E.

A developed view of the above-mentioned salient poles and magnetic poles is shown in FIG. 6(d). Magnetic poles 3α, 3h, ..., salient pole cores a, 2b
and htu salient pole salient pole mucoro b, . . .

Therefore, the magnetic poles 3α, 3b, . . . and the salient pole core a.

The torque curve according to 2b and K becomes the torque curve lzaα, /I A , . . . in FIG. 7(A). Also magnetic poles Ja, J
b.

. . , the auxiliary salient pole 26α, KoAh, . . . The torque curve becomes K as shown in curve 30. The resultant torque curve of both has no zero torque portion and is flat, so the effect is the same as that of the previous embodiment.

The flatness of the composite torque described above can be changed by increasing or decreasing the salient pole λa in FIG. . Generally, if the peak value of the torque curve 30 is set to /2 of the peak value of the torque curve /I a , /l h , . . . , flatness will be good.

When the Hall element l/ in FIG. 4(d) faces the salient pole cores a and b, the excitation coils lα and 4Ib are energized, and when they are separated, the excitation coils Qb and 41d are energized as shown by the arrow C.
The rotor rotates in this direction.

As shown in FIG. 1 (α), the width of the magnetic poles Jα, 3b, . . . is smaller than 90 degrees. By such means, the rising portions of the curves /ga, /lb, . Also, as mentioned above, it has a sub-salient richness.

The effects of C d and notch C f+2^ can be obtained at the same time.

In the device of the present invention, the magnetic pole 3α to be excited, Jb
, . . . are axially symmetrical with respect to the rotation axis l, so that electromagnetic noise during rotation is small, and damage to the bearings is also prevented. Since the number of salient poles α and B is small, the frequency of the excitation current is low, and therefore high speed rotation (more than Jθθθ times per minute) is possible, so it is effective when used as a small fan motor.

Since the structure is simplified, it is inexpensive and can be produced in large quantities.

Increasing the number of salient poles 2a, 2b and magnetic poles 3α, 3bl, . . . decreases the rotational speed, but increases the output torque. In this case as well, it is necessary to arrange the salient poles so as to satisfy the above-mentioned condition that the excitation magnetic poles are in axially symmetrical positions and the following conditions. As a practical matter,
Referring to the developed diagram in Figure 6(a), the salient poles a and 2b are 41
The width of the magnetic poles 3a, Jb,
. . . G pieces having a width smaller than aS degree are arranged at equal pitch to form a fixed armature. With the above configuration, the rotor shaft is driven in one direction by alternately energizing the excitation coils of the odd-numbered magnetic poles and the excitation coils of the even-numbered magnetic poles using a position detection signal, resulting in an l-phase motor. be. The operation and effect are the same as in the previous embodiment.

In FIG. 6(,), if the magnet WL, yc is excited to the north pole, it needs to be excited to the south pole, which is a different pole by 3d.

Due to such excitation, the magnetic fluxes passing through the magnetic poles 3α and 3b due to the magnetic poles JC and Jd are in opposite directions and cancel each other out, which has the effect of preventing the generation of 1-reverse torque.

Even when the magnetic poles Jα and Jb are excited, the generation of counter torque is prevented under the same circumstances.

Compared to field magnet type motors, in reluctance type motors, the excitation coil is de-energized in a state where the magnetic flux is well closed, so the diode 2gα shown in Figure 7 (,)
, 2g When the current disappears due to magnetic energy through b, u1 becomes long.

The torque caused by such energization becomes a counter torque, which is a drawback of reducing the output torque.

Next, means for eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks will be explained. f
rs <'The circuit shown in Figure (6) has the positive input of the terminal
The output of the amplifier circuit II f, 10 g controls the transistor ioα, 10h, and the armature coil I, D
This has the effect of increasing efficiency by effectively utilizing i1g of magnetic energy accumulated in each armature coil for output torque when performing energization control.

The output of the terminal /Aa in FIG. S (a) is input to the terminal. When there is a positive input to the terminal, the transistor /θa becomes conductive and the armature coil B is energized. At this time, the amplifier circuit IO- causes the transistor i to reach the voltage of 1 [deadline voltage].

Since the base input of b is rising, the transistor io
b is kept non-conducting.

When the input to the terminal becomes low level, the transistor i
While oα is non-conductive, the transistor 10h is conductive and the excitation coil A is energized.

For example, if the transistor 10σ is conductive, the armature coil B is energized, and then the transistor 10α is turned non-conductive, the voltage due to the stored magnetic energy in the direction of the arrow G is transmitted through the bidirectional varistor 3U to This has the effect of energizing the armature coil I in the F direction, helping the start of energization of the exciting coil 1 due to conduction of the transistor 10b, and enabling rapid energization.

In addition, the stored magnetic energy in armature coil B is converted into stored magnetic energy and output torque in armature coil A, so that energization of excitation coil B is rapidly stopped, increasing efficiency and stopping energization of armature coil B. This has the effect of preventing the phenomenon in which the torque is delayed and counter torque is generated, resulting in deterioration of efficiency.

Even if a rotating magnetic body having the same shape as the opposing salient poles α and λb of the coil /l is provided in other parts so as to rotate synchronously, a position detection output can be obtained.

Another circuit for obtaining a position sensing signal is shown in FIG. 5(A). In FIG. 5 (h>), high-frequency oscillation is performed in an oscillation circuit with the symbol lda.

The current flowing through coil //a has a resistance of 20+! A voltage drop occurs, and the output is output from terminal 2 α by the diode and capacitor 2/a.

The coil //α, 5St, b is shown with the same symbol in Figure 1, is fixed to the main body, and faces the salient pole α, 26, so as the coil rotates, the impedance increases due to iron loss and copper loss. decreases. Therefore, the output of terminal Coco α increases. Although this output is not shown, if it is taken out via a comparison circuit, a position detection output with a good S/N ratio can be obtained.

The output of the terminal a is connected to the terminal 17α in FIG. 7(α).

The position detection signal of the coil //σ (the principle of rotation is exactly the same as that of the coil //σ).

The Mononoke shown in FIG. S is another embodiment of the device of the present invention, which obtains a relatively small output torque and is characterized by a simplified configuration.

In FIG. S, U-shaped magnetic cores a and J9b are made by pressing a mild steel plate and are fixed to the main body.

This may be a sintered magnetic material. The end is the magnetic pole 3jα, 3
1 A,... Magnetic core Jria.

At Jlt b, excitation coils 37α and 37b are installed, and the magnetic pole J! r a , 33; b , Jr c ,
Jg d ld, which faces rotor JA through a gap. Bent part Jtα of magnetic core JQ a, Jg M,
... This is to avoid collision between the magnetic cores 74'a and 341h.

The rotor JA is fixed to a rotating shaft lK, and is rotatably supported by the main body by a shaft bearing (not shown).

FIG. 1O shows the above-mentioned magnetic poles and a magnetic salient pole JAα provided on the rotating surface of the rotor 3A to face the magnetic poles.

This is a developed diagram of JA A. TsuwL3t, α, JA h
It becomes wedge-shaped and rotates in the direction of arrow C. Salient poles 3A a, JA bke, Fig. 6 (d), (h)
, the salient pole α of (d).

26. Therefore, any compatible shape may be used.

The reason why the width of the magnetic Wt3 α, 33 b, . Coil //, salient pole 3Aα, JA b notch (recess) JAri.

A position detection output is obtained opposite to the portion excluding JAd, and the excitation coils 77α1 and 77b are alternately energized as in the previous embodiment.

Therefore, the principle of torque generation is exactly the same as in the previous embodiment, and the motor rotates as an l-phase electric motor. The effects are also similar.

A 90 degree wide protrusion on the rotating surface of the rotor J^! L2 a
.

, 2b and the secondary protruding rods with a width of Vj degrees - Aa, Mu, ... are 1
, it is clear that rotational torque can be obtained even if the embodiment shown in FIG. 6(d) is provided in the same manner as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

The electric motor of the present invention is capable of sounding as an all-l-phase stepping motor. Next, I will explain it.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a drive circuit in that case.

In FIG. 9, symbols J'7 a, J9 b,
J9c and 4n are respectively oscillator 1 frequency divider circuit, differentiation circuit, and flip-flop circuit.

A crystal oscillator is used as the oscillator J9, and its output is frequency-divided by a frequency dividing circuit JqA, and its output is input to a differentiating circuit 39.

The output (of the differentiating circuit, 7qQ) is an electric pulse train of a predetermined frequency. These electric pulses are alternately outputted by the Norinobu frog circuit qθ, and the output is sent to the excitation coil 77 a through the amplification circuit It/α, qth.
, J7b is energized. Therefore, the rotor 3A in FIG. 8 becomes a stepping motor that advances by qo degrees. By selecting the i8 example with flat output torque,
It has the characteristic of being able to move forward with uniform output torque. In particular, tsuw, 2a.

The one that utilizes Ub, . . . is most suitable for this purpose.

Figure 6 (ff), (h), (?), Cd)
In any of the embodiments, by omitting the position detection device and using the excitation coils 4'Ia, '16, tI, and gd in place of the excitation coils 37α and 37b shown in the figure, It can be used as an l-phase stepping motor.

In any of the above cases, the rotation may be reversed by the first energization of the excitation coil, but the next input electric pulse can cause the rotation step in the direction of arrow C to be performed. In order to avoid such a reversal, it is preferable to provide a one-way clutch on the rotating shaft l.

As can be seen from the description of each embodiment above, the object of the present invention stated at the beginning has been achieved and the effects are significant.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a developed view showing the shapes of salient poles and magnetic poles, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the device of the present invention. The excitation coil energization control circuit diagram, Figure 5, shows the position detection device (
i, FIG. 6 is a developed view of salient poles, magnetic poles, and excitation coils, FIG. 7 is a graph of the output torque curve, and FIG. 8 is a graph of the output torque curve.
Another embodiment of the device of the present invention, FIG. 9 shows a possible circuit when driven as a stepping motor, and FIG.
FIG. 3 shows developed views of the magnetic poles and salient poles of the illustrated embodiment, respectively. l...Rotating axis, lσ, /b... Bearing, 2 a
, , 2 h , JA a , JA b ...
Salient poles, 3a, 3b,..., Jd, Jriα, 33
b,...,j! ;d...Magnetic pole, Ge α, tlb,
..., gd, 37α, 37b... excitation coil,
J e, J d, j, 4 a, 24 h
, 24 e, 21 d... Sub-salient pole, Ut.
...Cylindrical support body, CoJ...Substrate, Co...Rotor, S...Rotating body, ////a...Coil,
7a, 7h...fan, 9n. qb...Printed circuit board, 10a, 10
b, /II, /3...transistor,
A, n...excitation coil, ga, zab...DC power supply, 12. /Comi...lifting circuit, 3f...hole, J...armature (stator) 1g a,
1g b , ... , /wa a
, /9 b, J (7, J/ , J
2-Torque curve, 3i, 3k...arm, 3ko...bidirectional varistor, 10e,
10 f... Width increase circuit, 1 yu^, JAL? ,
JA cl...notch (recess), Jqa, 31) b.
...magnetic core, JA-...rotor, 39α...oscillator, J9 b...outer circuit, 3qc01.
Differential circuit, un...flip-flop circuit, Hiroshi/
a, 14/A... amplification circuit.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A rotor rotatably supported on the main body by a rotating shaft and a bearing, and a width of 180/n degrees (n is a positive integer of 2 or more) at a position axially symmetrical to the rotating surface of the rotor. A rotor as described above, in which n magnetic salient poles larger by a predetermined length are arranged at equal pitches, and the width of the trailing edge of the salient poles is widened in the rotation direction; 2n magnetic poles in symmetrical positions are arranged at equal pitches along the circumferential surface, and the magnetic pole face at the open end of the magnetic path of the magnetic poles is connected to the rotating surface of the above-mentioned magnetic salient pole with a slight air gap between them. a fixed armature made of a magnetic material such that the magnetic poles have a width smaller than 180/n degrees and are arranged along the rotating surface of the salient poles, and the fixed armature A first excitation coil is attached to an odd-numbered magnetic pole and is excited so that adjacent magnetic poles are different, and a second excitation coil is attached to an even-numbered magnetic pole and is excited so that adjacent magnetic poles are different. An exciting coil, a position detection element fixed at a predetermined position of the main body, and a change in the output of the position detection element corresponding to the element facing the rotor or a rotating body coaxial therewith are detected. a position sensing device that is switched at the intersection of a torque curve due to odd-numbered magnetic poles and a positive torque curve due to even-numbered magnetic poles to obtain first and second position detection signals having a width of 180/n degrees; 1. A one-phase reluctance electric motor comprising an energization control circuit that alternately energizes first and second excitation coils in response to first and second position signals. (2) As the two salient poles or at least one of the two salient poles located in axially symmetrical positions are rotated, the area of the facing surface significantly exceeds the linear increase. A one-phase reluctance type electric motor according to claim (1), characterized in that the motor has a shape that increases the number of reluctance motors. (3) A rotor rotatably supported on the main body by a rotating shaft and a bearing, and a width of approximately 180/n degrees (n is a positive integer of 2 or more) at a position axially symmetrical to the rotating surface of the rotor. n pieces of magnetic salient poles are arranged at equal pitches, and further arranged in parallel with the salient poles, with a width approximately half the width of the salient poles, equal pitches, and a phase of 180/4n degrees with respect to the salient poles. 2 staggered arrangements
The rotor described above is provided with the magnetic sub-salient pole on the n side, and 2n magnetic poles located in axially symmetrical positions are arranged at equal pitches along the circumferential surface, and the open end of the magnetic path of the magnetic poles is The magnetic pole surface faces the rotating surface of the above-mentioned magnetic salient pole and the sub-salient pole through a slight gap, and the width of the above-mentioned magnetic pole is approximately 180/n degree, and the rotating surface of the above-mentioned salient pole a fixed armature made of a magnetic material so as to be arranged along the fixed armature; a first excitation coil attached to odd-numbered magnetic poles of the fixed armature and excited so that adjacent magnetic poles are different; a second excitation coil attached to even-numbered magnetic poles and excited so that adjacent magnetic poles are different; a position detection element fixed at a predetermined position on the main body; and the element is the above-described rotor or the like. A position detection device that detects a change in the output of a position detection element corresponding to facing a rotating body coaxial with the body and obtains a one-phase position detection signal;
1. A one-phase reluctance semiconductor motor comprising an energization control circuit that alternately energizes the excitation coil and the second excitation coil every time the rotor rotates by 180/n degrees. (3) A rotor rotatably supported on the main body by a rotating shaft and a bearing, and a width of 180/n degrees (n is a positive integer of 2 or more) at a position axially symmetrical to the rotating surface of the rotor. A rotor as described above, in which n magnetic salient poles larger by a predetermined length are arranged at equal pitches, and the width of the trailing edge of the salient poles is widened in the rotation direction; 2n magnetic poles in symmetrical positions are arranged at equal pitches along the circumferential surface, and the magnetic pole face at the open end of the magnetic path of the magnetic poles is connected to the rotating surface of the above-mentioned magnetic salient pole with a slight air gap between them. a fixed armature made of a magnetic material such that the magnetic poles have a width smaller than 180/n degrees and are arranged along the rotating surface of the salient poles, and the fixed armature A first excitation coil is attached to an odd-numbered magnetic pole and is excited so that adjacent magnetic poles are different, and a second excitation coil is attached to an even-numbered magnetic pole and is excited so that adjacent magnetic poles are different. An exciting coil, a position detection element fixed at a predetermined position of the main body, and a change in the output of the position detection element corresponding to the element facing the rotor or a rotating body coaxial therewith are detected. A first excitation coil is attached to the odd-numbered magnetic poles of the fixed armature and excited so that adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities, and a first excitation coil is attached to the even-numbered magnetic poles so that adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities. A second excitation coil to be excited, an oscillator to output alternating current at a predetermined frequency, and a first output signal and a second output signal having a set frequency and pulse width alternately outputted by the output of the oscillator. A one-phase reluctance motor comprising an electric circuit and an energization control circuit that alternately energizes first and second excitation coils via first and second output signals. (4) A rotor rotatably supported on the main body by a rotating shaft and a bearing, and a width of approximately 180/n degrees (n is a positive integer of 2 or more) at a position axially symmetrical to the rotating surface of the rotor. n pieces of magnetic salient poles are arranged at equal pitches, and further arranged in parallel with the salient poles, with a width approximately half the width of the salient poles, equal pitches, and a phase of 180/4n degrees with respect to the salient poles. 2 staggered arrangements
The above-mentioned rotor is provided with n magnetic sub-salient poles, and 2n magnetic poles located in axially symmetrical positions are arranged at equal pitches along the circumferential surface, and the open end of the magnetic path of the magnetic poles is The magnetic pole surface faces the rotating surface of the above-mentioned magnetic salient pole and the sub-salient pole through a slight gap, and the width of the above-mentioned magnetic pole is approximately 180/n degree, and the rotating surface of the above-mentioned salient pole a fixed armature made of a magnetic material so as to be arranged along the fixed armature; a first excitation coil attached to odd-numbered magnetic poles of the fixed armature and excited so that adjacent magnetic poles are different; A second excitation coil is attached to the even-numbered magnetic poles and is excited so that adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities, an oscillator that outputs alternating current at a predetermined frequency, and a set frequency and pulse are generated by the output of the oscillator. an electric circuit that alternately outputs a first output signal and a second output signal of width, and an energization that alternately energizes the first and second excitation coils via the first and second output signals, respectively; A one-phase reluctance electric motor characterized by comprising a control circuit.