JPS61154463A - Motor driven generator of engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form a compact structure by associating an engine output shaft as a rotor rotational shaft of stator and rotor structures, and forming a motor and a generator with a sole stator and rotor structure. CONSTITUTION:A flywheel 2 is mounted on the output takeup side end of the crankshaft of an engine E. A clutch mechanism 4 is associated with the side end of the flywheel 2, and a stator 6 is mounted to surround the periphery of the flywheel 2. The stator 6 has a stator coil 7. A plurality of permanent magnets 8 are disposed on the peripheral edge of the flywheel 2 to form a rotor by the flywheel 2. A pole sensor 11 for detecting the polarity of a permanent magnet 8 is mounted at the side position of the magnet 8 of a cylinder block 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an electric power generator for an engine that is provided along with an engine and that can selectively perform an electric function and a power generation function according to a request. Regarding.

(Prior Art) As devices attached to an engine, there is a starter motor that applies starting torque to the crankshaft, and a generator that extracts power from the engine output shaft and charges it to a battery. is attached to the engine as an independent device. However, providing these devices independently poses a major hindrance to simplifying and downsizing the device. In view of this point, JP-A-56-15
In No. 0960, a rotor equipped with a permanent magnet is built into the outer periphery of a flywheel of an output shaft of an engine, and a stator is arranged around the rotor to form a generator. This structure has the advantage that it does not require a separate generator because the output shaft of the engine is incorporated as one of the components of the generator, and its rotational power is directly input to the rotation of the generator's rotor. be.

(Problems to be Solved) However, in the structure disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-150960, the electric motor must be provided separately, and the device cannot be made sufficiently compact.

(Means for solving the above problems) The present invention is configured as follows in order to solve the above problems.

That is, the electric power generator of the present invention is fixed to the output shaft of an engine, and has a rotor core having a permanent magnet arranged around its periphery, and an inner circumferential surface of the rotor core that faces each other with a certain gap around the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core. It is equipped with a stator with a suitable arrangement. A stator coil is wound around the stator.

Furthermore, the device of the present invention includes a magnetic pole determining means for determining whether the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet at the position corresponding to the stator coil is the north pole or the south pole at any rotational position between the front and the bottom. ing. This magnetic pole determination means can be configured using a magnetic force sensor that detects magnetic force, but since the position of the permanent magnet arranged on the rotor is uniquely determined with respect to the crankshaft, it can be configured using a crank angle sensor. You can also. Note that determination of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets is necessary in order to generate an appropriate magnetic field by the stator coil at any rotational position of the rotor. Further, in the device of the present invention, when the starter switch is activated, a predetermined magnetic field is generated in the stator coil, and the structure consisting of the stator and rotor exhibits an electric function to apply starting torque to the crankshaft. On the other hand, when the starter switch is in an inoperative state, the stator coil is connected to the battery via a rectifier 1 and is provided with control means for controlling the structure to perform a power generation function. The control means receives the output from the permanent magnet magnetic pole determination means and applies an appropriate magnetic field to the stator coil corresponding to the permanent magnet on the rotor at the rotational position when the starter switch is in the operating state. , the state of connection of the stator coil to the battery is switched.

(Function) According to the present invention, the above-described single stator and rotor structure selectively exhibits the power generation function and the electric power function.

In this case, when the electric function is performed, the device of the invention acts as a starter and provides a starting torque to the crankshaft. Additionally, when the power generation function is performed, the device of the present invention acts as an alternator, converting engine power into electrical energy and charging the battery. In this case, a reverse torque will act on the engine output shaft. Note that the rotor core may be configured by a flywheel, or may be separately attached to the engine output shaft.

(Description of Examples) Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a flywheel 2 is attached to the output side end of the crankshaft 1 of the engine E. As shown in FIG. A clutch mechanism 4 is combined with the side end surface of the flywheel 2, and the flywheel 2 and clutch mechanism 4 are surrounded by a clutch housing 5 fixed to the side surface of the cylinder block 3 with bolts 3a. covered. A stator 6 is attached to the inside of the clutch housing 5 so as to surround the flywheel 2.

The stake 6 includes a supporter 6a and a stator coil 7 supported by the supporter 6a, and the stator coil 7 is arranged to face the outer peripheral surface of the flywheel with a constant gap therebetween. A plurality of permanent magnets 8 are arranged around the periphery of the flywheel 2, so that the flywheel 2 constitutes a rotor. cylinder block 3
A magnetic pole sensor 11 for determining the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 8 is attached to the side of the permanent magnet 8.

The control circuit of the apparatus of this example will be explained with reference to FIG. 4.

In FIG. 4, stator coil 7 is connected to battery 22 via control circuit 20. In FIG.

The control circuit 20 preferably performs switching control between an electric state and a power generation state in response to a command from a controller 39 constituted by a microcomputer, and also switches the current direction in the stator coil 7 and switches the magnetic pole. This is for controlling the electric power generation switching circuit 27. Electric power generation switching drive circuit 28.29. Rectifier circuit 30. It is configured to include a voltage adjustment circuit 31, a current reversal circuit 32, and a current reversal drive circuit 33. The switching circuit 27 is connected on the one hand to the battery 22 via the starter switch terminal 21a or the ignition switch terminal 21b of the key switch 21, and on the other hand to the excitation coils 28a and 29a of the drive circuits 28 and 29, respectively. The drive circuits 28 and 29 are connected to each other in response to command signals from the controller 39.
The drive coils 28a and 29a of the stator coil 7 are controlled to switch the connection state of the stator coil 7. The current reversal circuit 32 is connected to the electric power generation switching circuit 27. and the battery 22 via the key switch 21, and the other end is connected to the drive coil 33a of the current reversal drive circuit 33. The switching circuit 27 outputs command signals to the drive circuits 28 and 29 in response to command signals from the controller 39, and switches the drive coils so that the connection terminal groups 28b or 28C of the drive circuit 28 are selectively connected. 2
8a, and in synchronization with this, the drive circuit 29
The drive coil 29a is controlled so that the connecting terminal group 29b and the connecting terminal group 29c are selectively connected. Further, the current reversal circuit 32 is
A command signal from the controller 39 controls the coil 33a of the drive circuit 33 so that the connection terminal group 33b and the connection terminal group 33C of the current reversal drive circuit 33 are selectively connected. The controller 39 is
Engine speed sensor 40. A predetermined command signal is output to the current generation switching circuit 27 and the current reversing circuit 32 by inputting signals from the negative pressure sensor 41 that detects the intake negative pressure for calculating the engine load and the magnetic pole sensor 11. The switching circuit 27 operates to switch the connection terminal group 28b of the drive circuit 28 and the connection terminal group 29 of the drive circuit 29.
When in the connected state, the stator coil is connected to the battery 22 via the switching circuit 27 and the key switch at one end, and grounded at the other end. This connection status is
The connected state shown in FIG. 5 is established, and the stator and rotor structures function as a DC motor due to the magnetic field action of the magnetic field generated by the current flowing in the predetermined direction in the stator coil 7, and the rotor, that is, the flywheel Give rotation torque to 2. In this case, the magnetic pole sensor 11 determines whether the corresponding magnetic pole of the magnet piece 8a at any rotor rotational position is the N pole or the S pole. In FIG. 5, as shown in principle, the magnetic pole sensor 1
1 includes a pair of stop position sensors 14, 15 that are spaced apart from each other in the rotor rotational direction by a distance slightly larger than % of the circumferential length of one magnet piece 8a. The stop position sensor 14゜15 has a magnetic force detection magnet 14a at the tip,
15a, and these magnets 14a, 15a
It has springs 14b and 15b that support the. As a result, the pair of stop position sensors 14 and 15 are connected to the magnetic pole sensor 1.
This constitutes one detection section. Further, the magnetic pole sensor 11 includes a determining section 11a that determines the corresponding magnetic pole of the magnet piece 8a based on the signal from the detecting section. With this configuration, each stop position sensor 14.1 of the magnetic pole sensor 11
5 are subjected to different magnetic field effects from the magnet pieces 8a at arbitrary rotational positions of the rotor. Judgment unit 11
a determines the magnetic pole of the magnet piece 8a from the magnitude and direction of the magnetic force acting on each stop sensor 14.1-5, and sends the determination result to the controller 39. Controller 39 outputs a signal corresponding to the relative position of stator coil 7 and magnet 8 to current reversal circuit 32 in response to a signal from magnetic pole sensor 11 .

The current reversal circuit 32 sends a command signal to the drive circuit in response to a signal from the controller 39 to provide a current direction such that an appropriate magnetic field is generated in the stator coil 7 according to the relative position between the stator coil 7 and the magnet 8. Output to 33. The coil 33a of the drive circuit 33 operates in response to a command from the current reversal circuit 32 so that the connection terminal group 33b or 33C is selectively connected. by this,
The direction of the current flowing through the stator coil 7 is switched, and the magnetic field generated by the stator coil 7 is changed.

As a result, an appropriate magnetic field is generated in the stator coil 7 at any rotational position of the rotor, so that a desired positive torque is always applied to the rotor at any rotational position.

Further, when the switching circuit 27 is activated and the connection terminal group 28C of the drive circuit 28 and the connection terminal group 29C of the drive circuit 29 are in the connected state, the stator coil 7
As shown in the figure, it will be connected to the battery 22 via a rectifier circuit 30 and a current adjustment circuit 31, and in this case, the stake and rotor structures function as an alternator, The three-phase alternating current generated from the stator coils having a phase structure is rectified by a rectifier circuit 30, voltage-adjusted by a voltage-adjusting circuit 31, and then sent to the battery 22.
is charged to. In this case, a reverse torque acts on the crankshaft.

A case in which the apparatus having the above configuration is applied to control including mitigation control of torque fluctuations of the crankshaft 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 7.

When starting the engine, the switching circuit 27 switches between the drive circuits 28.
A command signal is outputted so that 29 connection terminal groups 28b and 29b are connected.

At this time, the magnetic pole sensor 11 determines whether the magnetic pole of the corresponding magnet piece 8a is the N pole or the S pole, and the drive coil 33a of the current reversal drive circuit 33 is activated by the circuit 3 Connecting terminal group 33
b or 33C is activated so that it is in the connected state. As a result, the stator coil 7 has the following characteristics depending on the corresponding magnetic pole:
Current flows in the forward or reverse direction. As a result, as described above, an appropriate magnetic field is exerted on the stator coil at any rotor rotational position, and a desired starting torque is applied to the rotor, that is, the flywheel 2.

Next, when the engine speed is higher than the predetermined speed r2, the switching circuit 27 outputs a command signal so that the connection terminal groups 28C and 29C of the drive circuits 28 and 29 are respectively connected. That is, the controller 39
selects the power generation circuit. As a result, the stator and rotor structures have a circuit structure similar to that of an alternator, and perform a power generation function, and a reverse torque acts on the crankshaft 1.

Next, when the engine speed r is lower than the predetermined speed r2, so-called torque fluctuation control is performed to alleviate torque fluctuations around the crankshaft 1.

In this case, when the engine speed r is relatively low, the torque fluctuation is, for example, in a four-cylinder engine, due to the explosion torque in the explosion process, as shown by the solid line in Figure 8A, the torque fluctuation is a sine with one cycle of crank angle 180°. It has a change characteristic similar to a curve.

As the engine speed increases, the inertia torque due to the inertia force of the piston system increases.
Torque fluctuations occur with variation characteristics that are out of phase by 0°. Therefore, as the rotational speed increases, the magnitude of torque fluctuation gradually decreases as the solid line characteristic and the broken line characteristic cancel each other out, and as shown in FIG.
It has an extreme value nearby. When the rotational speed further increases, the torque fluctuation shown by the broken line becomes dominant, and the magnitude of the torque fluctuation tends to gradually increase. Therefore, in performing the torque fluctuation control of this example, the stator and rotor structures are made to exhibit their electric function to apply a positive torque to the crankshaft at the operation start timing θ5, and the power generation function is made to exert their power generation function to apply a positive torque to the crankshaft. The operation start timing θ1 for applying the reverse torque is controlled to be changed before and after the rotational speed r3. Note that in a high rotation range where the engine rotation speed exceeds the predetermined rotation ar2, it is difficult to perform torque fluctuation control and the demand for such control is reduced, so in this example, torque fluctuation control is not performed. In the torque fluctuation control of this example, if the engine speed r is below the rotation speed r3 at which the amount of torque fluctuation is minimal, the operation start timings θ5 and θ6 of the electric function and power generation function are set to torque fluctuations in the low speed range, respectively. Corresponding values θ51, θa1
, and when the rotation exceeds r, the operation start timings θ5 and θ6 are set to values θ according to torque fluctuations in the high-speed range.
52, θ, set to 2. These values are stored in memory in advance as a map corresponding to the operating state. next,
Operating period θ, 5, θ for demonstrating electric function and power generation function
, a are set as functions fs (r, v), f, (rSv) of the engine speed r and the intake negative pressure V, respectively. In this case, the functions fS, f, with respect to the engine speed r, decrease greatly as the engine speed r increases when the engine speed is low, and reach a minimum near the engine speed r3 where the amount of torque fluctuation takes an extreme value. It also changes to increase as the rotational speed increases thereafter. Furthermore, the engine intake negative pressure (1), that is, the engine load, changes as the load increases. Then, in light of the torque fluctuation characteristics corresponding to the rotation speed r at the time when the crank angle θ is within the time range in which the stator and rotor structures should perform the electric function, that is, from the start of operation θ5 to the end of operation θ, 100 , the switching circuit 27 connects the connection terminal group 28b of the drive circuit 28.29.
, 29b are connected. In this case, the current direction of the stator coil that provides an appropriate magnetic field is selected in light of the rotational position of the rotor, and in accordance with this selection, the current reversal drive circuit 33 connects the connection terminal group 33b or 33C.

In this control, when the rotor rotates by a crank angle θ8 corresponding to one magnet piece 8a of the magnet 8 incorporated in the rotor, the corresponding magnetic pole changes. The magnetic field of the stator coil is changed to correspond to the change in the magnetic pole. As a result, the stator rotor structure exhibits its electric function within the above time range.

That is, positive torque is applied to the crankshaft 1, and the portion where the torque fluctuation characteristics are relatively low (the portion where the reverse torque acts) is corrected. Further, when the crank angle θ is within the time range in which the power generation function is to be performed, that is, within the range from 1 operation start θ6 to operation end θ6 + θ,6, the switching circuit 27 is connected to the connection terminal of the drive circuit 28, 29. Group 28c.

29c is connected. This causes the stator and rotor structures to act as a generator (alternator).

In this case, a counter torque is applied to a portion where the torque fluctuation characteristic is relatively high to correct it. As described above, the electric functions of the stator and rotor structures are activated during the operation period θ1. ．． is exerted to provide the crankshaft 1 with a positive torque having characteristics as shown in FIG. 8D. Further, the power generation function is activated for an operating period θ at a timing as shown in FIG. 8B, and a reverse torque having characteristics as shown in FIG. 8D is applied to the crank/shaft 1. As a result, as a whole, the characteristic torque fluctuation shown by the solid line in FIG. 8A is corrected as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 8A by appropriately adding the positive and negative additional torques shown in FIG. 8D, and the amount of fluctuation is reduced. In this embodiment, the flywheel is used as a component of the rotor, and the electric motor and engine are configured in a single structure, and this is used to control torque fluctuations. This control is performed directly on the crankshaft, so the control response is Good sex.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the engine output shaft is incorporated as the rotor rotation shaft of the stator and rotor structures, and the electric motor and generator are configured by a single stator and rotor structure. There is no need to provide separate equipment (the device structure around the engine can be made compact).

According to the present invention, since AC power generation is performed when the power generation function is performed, sufficient power generation capacity can be ensured, and functional problems such as generation capacity becoming too small at low speeds can be avoided. No problem arises.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet on the rotor is determined, and a magnetic field corresponding to this magnetic pole is generated in the stator coil, so that an appropriate starting torque can be applied to the crankshaft at any rotational position of the rotor. can be given to

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part of a starter generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the engine, and FIG. 4 is a control circuit diagram of the starter generator according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the wiring structure to perform the electric function, Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the wiring structure to perform the power generation function, and Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the wiring structure to perform the electric power generating function. Control flowchart, Figure 8A is a graph showing the torque fluctuation of the crankshaft, Figure 18B is a graph showing when to activate the power generation function, Figure 8C is a graph showing when to activate the electric function, and Figure 8D is a graph showing when to activate the electric function. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of torque fluctuation and the change in engine speed. 1. Crankshaft, 2. ,,,flywheel,4
, , , Crack mechanism, 5. , , Clutch nozzle, 6, , Stator, 7. ,,, stator coil,
8. Permanent magnet, 20°10. control circuit, 22,
,,battery,39. ,,,controller. Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 8 A Fig. 8

Claims (1)

[Claims] a rotor connected to the output shaft of the engine and having a plurality of permanent magnets arranged around its periphery; a stator disposed around the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core with a certain gap therebetween so that the inner circumferential surfaces thereof face each other; a stator coil wound around the stator; a magnetic pole determination means for determining a corresponding magnetic pole of a permanent magnet with respect to the stator coil at a given rotor rotational position; By changing the connection state of the coil to the battery, the direction of current flow in the stator coil is changed, and the structure consisting of the rotor and stator is made to exhibit an electric function, and a starting torque is applied to the engine output shaft, and the starter switch is in an inactive state. 1. An engine starting power generation device comprising: control means for connecting a stator coil to a battery via a rectifier to cause the structure to perform a power generation function.