JPS61149214A - Filter apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled apparatus having a simple structure, simple to operate, reduced in the generation amount of a washing waste solution and low in installation cost, constituted so that a washing body having a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of a hose like filter cloth cylinder is moved through said filter cloth cylinder. CONSTITUTION:A liquid to be treated containing a suspended substance is introduced into a filter cloth cylinder 1 under pressure from one end thereof through the inflow port of said liquid to be treated and a washing body 12 is at first moved to the other end of the filter cloth cylinder 1 by inflow pressure. Further, pressure introduction is succeeded to collect the suspended substance by the inner surface of the filter cloth cylinder while a filtrate is obtained from the outer surface of the filter cloth cylinder 1. When the pressure loss of the filter cloth cylinder 1 is increased by the succeeding of filtering, filtering operation is interrupted and the liquid to be treated or fresh water is introduced into the filter cloth cylinder 1 from the other end thereof under pressure to move the washing body 12 from the other end of the filter cloth cylinder 1 to one end thereof by the inflow pressure thereof and the suspended substance adhered to the inner surface of the filter cloth cylinder is shaved off by the washing body 12 and the concentrated liquid of the suspended substance is discharged from an outflow port.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention is applicable to suspended solids contained in surface water, coagulation-sedimentation treated water, biologically treated water, process water, washing wastewater, liquids containing dissolved valuables, etc. The present invention relates to a filtration device used to efficiently filter .

<Prior art> Conventionally, when obtaining a clear filtrate by filtering suspended solids contained in various liquids, filter devices filled with layers of granular materials such as sand or anthracite, or ceramics or sintered metals have been used. Candle filters that directly filter with cylindrical filter bodies, such as cylindrical filter bodies, and various pre-coat filters are used for the filter bodies.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, conventional filtration devices have drawbacks such as the complicated operation of cleaning a clogged filter medium and the generation of a large amount of cleaning liquid.

Conventional filtration devices also have the disadvantage of relatively high equipment costs.

The present invention is an attempt to solve the drawbacks of conventional filtration devices, and aims to provide a filtration device that has a relatively simple structure, is easy to operate, generates extremely little cleaning waste fluid, and has low equipment costs. purpose.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention incorporates a spherical or cylindrical cleaning body having a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the filter cloth cylinder within a relatively long water-permeable hose-like filter cloth cylinder, and further It has a structure in which the inlet for the liquid to be treated and the outlet for the concentrated liquid are connected to the end of the filter cloth tube, and the liquid to be treated containing suspended matter is communicated to one end of the filter cloth tube. The cleaning body is first moved to the other end of the filter cloth cylinder by the inflow pressure, and the press-fit is continued to trap suspended matter in the liquid on the inner surface of the filter cloth cylinder, Filtered water is obtained from the outer surface of the filter cloth tube, and if the pressure loss of the filter cloth tube increases due to continued filtration, the filtration operation is interrupted and the liquid to be treated or clean water is discharged from the other end of the filter cloth tube. The cleaning body is moved from the other end of the filter cloth cylinder to one end by the inflow pressure, and the suspended solids adhering to the inner surface of the filter cloth cylinder are scraped off by the cleaning body, and the concentrated liquid of suspended solids is removed from the filter cloth cylinder. The present invention relates to a filtration device that discharges water from an outlet.

The present invention will be explained in detail below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention. The filter cloth cylinder 1 is made by weaving or knitting natural fibers or synthetic fibers into a hose shape, and its diameter varies depending on the processing amount and installation location, and the length also ranges from 1 m to 1 m.
It can be arbitrarily designed to several meters. Furthermore, the inside of the filter cloth cylinder 1 has a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the filter cloth cylinder 1.
A cylindrical cleaning body 12 made of a material such as synthetic resin, hard rubber, ceramics, wood, or metal is built-in. Also, filter cloth cylinder 1
Joint fittings 2 are provided at both ends of the box, and both ends of the raw water inflow pipe 4 are communicated with both box fittings 2 via valves 3A and 3B.

Further, a raw water supply pipe 6 is branched and communicated with the raw water inflow pipe 4 via a pump 5.

Further, both ends of a concentrate outflow pipe 8 are branched and communicated with the raw water inflow pipe 4 via valves 7A and 7B, and a discharge pipe 9 is branched and communicated with the concentrate outflow pipe 8. Reference numeral 10 indicates a pan, and the pan 10 is connected to a filtered water outflow pipe 11 through the pan. Note that 13 is a pressure gauge.

<Effect> The filtration operation in this embodiment is as follows.

First, open the valves 3A and 7B and drive the pump 5 to supply raw water through the raw water supply pipe 6 and the raw water inflow pipe 4.
．． It is press-fitted into the filter cloth cylinder 1 at an arbitrary pressure of 1 to 10 kg/-. By pressurizing the raw water, the cleaning body 12 moves to the right side,
It stops when it comes into contact with the joint fitting 2, but when this happens, only the valve 7B is closed and the injection of raw water continues. Note that when the cleaning body 12 comes into contact with the joint fitting 2, the pressure in the system inside the raw water supply pipe 6, raw water inflow pipe 4, and filter cloth tube 1 increases, so the pressure increase is detected by the pressure gauge 13, and the valve 7B is detected by the pressure gauge 13. The closing timing of the valve 7B may be determined, or a timer may be used to close the valve 7B. Further, if the structure is such that one outlet of the filter cloth cylinder 1 can be closed by contact between the cleaning body 12 and the joint fitting 2, there is no need to close the valve 7B during filtration.

By such press-fitting, suspended solids in the raw water are captured by the inner surface of the filter cloth tube 1, and filtrate water obtained from the outer surface of the filter cloth tube 1 is collected by the receiver pan 10 and flows out from the filtrate outflow pipe 11.

Note that during the first cycle of operation, a thin cake layer of suspended solids, which will be described later, is not formed on the inner surface of the filter cloth cylinder 1, so some of the suspended solids may leak out from the filter cloth cylinder 1. In such a case, a thin cake layer is formed on the inner surface of the filter cloth cylinder 1 by circulating the filtered water to the raw water to some extent, and the circulation of the filtered water is stopped when clear filtered water is obtained by forming the cake layer. Good.

In addition, if the suspended matter contained in the raw water is very fine,
It is also possible to add a flocculant to the raw water in advance and stir it to form micro flocs, which are then filtered.

When such filtration is continued, the suspended matter adheres to the inner surface of the filter cloth cylinder 1 in the form of a cake, and its thickness gradually increases. As a result, pressure loss increases and filtration flow rate decreases.

When such a state occurs, cleaning as described below is performed.

That is, close the valve 3A, and if the valve 7B is open, close the valve 7B, open the valve 3B and the valve 7A, and then press the raw water in from the opposite direction to apply water pressure to the cleaning body 12 moving to the right side. to move it to the left.

As the cleaning body 12 moves, as shown in FIG.
2 has a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the filter cloth tube 1, so that an extremely thin cake layer 14B corresponding to the difference between the inner diameter of the filter cloth tube 1 and the diameter of the cleaning body 12 is formed when the cleaning body 12 moves. It remains on the inner surface of the filter cloth cylinder 1.

On the other hand, most of the suspended solids scraped off by the cleaning body 12 together with the raw water remaining in the filter cloth tube 1 become a concentrated liquid of suspended solids, and the concentrated liquid is passed through the concentrated liquid outflow pipe 8 and the discharge pipe 9. It will be leaked.

Note that some of the scraped suspended solids adhere to the cleaning body 12, but a small through hole is provided in the cleaning body 12, and the water in the filter cloth cylinder 1 is removed by scraping off the suspended solid cake layer 14A with the cleaning body 12. can also be spouted into the other filter cloth cylinder 1. By providing the through-hole in the cleaning body 12 in this manner, suspended matter can be effectively drained.

When the cleaning body 12 comes into contact with the left joint fitting 2 due to the press-in of raw water from the valve 3B, the valve 7A is closed, and the press-in of the raw water is continued to continue filtration.

Through this operation, suspended solids in the raw water are cake-filtered by the cake layer 14B left on the inner surface of the filter cloth tube 1, so that the same effect as pre-coat filtration is achieved, and clear filtered water is delivered to the filter cloth tube from the beginning of filtration. 1 obtained from the outer surface. Further, when the thickness of the cake layer increases due to such filtration, the flow path is reversed and cleaning is performed as described above.

By alternately introducing raw water from the left and right sides of the filter cloth cylinder 1 in this manner, filtration can be performed without interruption.

Note that when moving the cleaning body 12 to scrape off the cake layer 14A formed on the inner surface of the filter cloth cylinder 1, fresh water may be forced in instead of raw water.

The diameter of the cleaning body 12 used in the present invention is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the filter cloth cylinder 1, but the closer the diameter of the cleaning body 12 is to the inner diameter of the filter cloth cylinder 1, the better, as shown in FIG. This is not preferable because the thickness of the remaining cake layer 13B becomes thinner, making it impossible to achieve the purpose of obtaining clear filtered water immediately after the start of filtration. Furthermore, if the diameter is too small compared to the inner diameter of the filter cloth cylinder 1, water will escape from around the cleaning body 12 when the cleaning body 12 is moved inside the filter cloth cylinder 1 by water pressure, and the cleaning body 12 will be This will hinder movement. Therefore, the diameter of the cleaning body 12 is naturally determined based on the above two reasons, but it is usually preferable to make the diameter of the cleaning body 12 smaller than the inner diameter of the filter cloth cylinder 1 by about 111 to several tens.

Although the cleaning body 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a cylindrical shape, the cleaning body 12 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be spherical.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the flow of another embodiment of the present invention, in which a large number of filter cloth cylinders 1 are arranged in a main line.

In the present invention, it is possible to use a large number of filter cloth cylinders 1 as described above, and it is also possible to arrange them in a knitted manner.When performing filtration in FIG. 3, the valve 3A can be used as in FIG.
and 7B are opened to press the raw water into each filter cloth cylinder 1 with an upward flow, and bring each cleaning body 12 into contact with the upper joint fitting 2. Then, close the valve 7B and continue to press the raw water to suspend it. Substances are captured on the inner surface of each filter tube 1 and filtered water is obtained from the outer surface of each filter tube 1.

Also, if pressure loss increases due to such filtration, valve 3A
is closed, and valves 3B and 7A are opened to allow the raw water to flow downward, and each cleaning body 12 is moved downward to scrape off the cake layer 14A formed on the inner surface of each filter cloth cylinder 1.
Concentrate the suspended solids.

It flows out from the discharge pipe 9.

<Effects> The greatest advantage of the present invention is that cleaning waste water is extremely small.

1□ That is, after the filtration is completed, the cleaning body 12 is moved from one end of the filter cloth tube 1 to the other end by water pressure, and the cake layer 14A formed on the inner surface of the filter cloth tube 1 is scraped off with the cleaning body 12 to remove suspended solids. The concentrated liquid is discharged, but the amount of concentrated liquid discharged at this time is
The amount is only equivalent to the internal volume of the filter cloth cylinder 1 and is extremely small. In the filtration device of the present invention, the solid matter concentration is usually several thousand to
A concentrated solution of tens of thousands of cubic centimeters/Il is obtained. Such a concentrated solution of concentrated suspended matter cannot be obtained using conventional filtration devices such as sand filtration devices and candle filters. Furthermore, since a thin cake layer 14B can be formed by moving the cleaning body 12 and scraping off most of the cake layer 14A, cake filtration is possible, and suspended solids contained in the raw water can be removed by comparison. Clear filtered water can be obtained immediately after filtration, even if the water is fine.

The filtration device of the present invention can also be used as a concentrator for various types of sludge water that have a relatively high content of suspended solids, such as those generated from coagulation sedimentation devices and biological treatment devices, and can be used to produce concentrated liquids with extremely high concentration ratios. can be obtained.

As is clear from the above detailed explanation, the filtration device of the present invention does not require special washing water, the washing operation is simple, the amount of washing waste water is small and its concentration is high, and it is relatively difficult to use, which conventionally required a sedimentation process. Even raw water with a high content of turbid substances can be directly filtered without performing a precipitation process, and by switching the direction of feed to the filter cloth cylinder, filtration is not interrupted during washing, so-called continuous filtration is possible. It can be said that it is a filtration device with extremely high operating efficiency. In addition, the filtration medium used in this filtration device is a filter cloth tube, and the opening, diameter, length, and number of the filter cloth tubes can be freely selected according to the properties of the liquid to be treated and the amount to be processed. It is possible to manufacture an optimal device depending on the properties of the processing liquid and the processing amount. Furthermore, the filter cloth cylinder and cleaning body used in the present invention are extremely inexpensive, can filter with only the pressure force of a pump, and do not require special maintenance, resulting in significantly lower initial and running costs than conventional devices. can be reduced to

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings all show embodiments of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is an explanatory flow diagram showing an example of the embodiment, and Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing how the cleaning body built in the filter cloth cylinder moves. FIG. 3 is a flow explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A spherical or cylindrical cleaning body having a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the filter cloth cylinder is built into the hose-like filter cloth cylinder,
Further, the inlet for the liquid to be treated and the outlet for the concentrated liquid are connected to the end of the filter cloth cylinder, and the liquid to be treated containing suspended substances is forced into the inlet, thereby removing the suspended solids from the filter cloth tube. The filtrate is captured on the inner surface of the filter cloth tube and the filtrate is obtained from the outer surface of the filter cloth tube, and the cleaning body is moved from one end of the filter cloth tube to the other end by hydraulic pressure, and the suspension adhering to the inside surface of the filter cloth tube is removed by the cleaning body. A filtration device characterized by scraping off substances and discharging a concentrated solution of suspended substances from the outlet.