JPS61146444A - Lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make automatic tip changing performable in a speedy manner, by installing a work holding part, a tool holding part, a tip magazine part, a tip conveying part conveying tips between the tool holding part and the tip magazine part, altogether. CONSTITUTION:A work holding part 3 holds a work, rotating and driving it. A tool holding part 8 is provided with a holder 6 holding a tip 9, a tool rest 7 where the holder 6 is projectingly installed, a lever 17 rockably installed in the holder 6, and a drive screw 19 screwed in the holder. Therefore, the tool holding part 8 rocks the lever 17 by c.w. or c.c.w. rotation of the drive screw 19 whereby the tip 9 is made to be seated in a concave part 15 free of tightness or looseness. And, a tip magazine part 10 makes the tip 9 get housed at the specified position. A tip conveying part 11 is provided with a tip setting part 36a and a nut runner 25a, and conveys the tip 9 between the tool holding part 8 and the tip magazine part 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a lathe that can automatically change tips.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

Generally, when machining a workpiece with a lathe, a holder is used in which a tip for direct cutting is removably attached to one end of an elongated shaft having a rectangular cross-sectional shape. When using a holder like this, which is normally fixed to the lathe with two or three screws, if the tip is damaged and it becomes necessary to replace it with a new one, it is necessary to replace it with a new one. A missing chip was installed, but it must be replaced with another holder.

Such a chip exchange method requires a considerable amount of space to store the holder. In addition, when replacing each holder, a throw-away (Th
(row-away) It is not possible to take advantage of the advantages of the Ml chip. Furthermore, replacing each holder has the disadvantage that the rigidity of the holder itself is unstable.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a lathe that can reliably and quickly perform automatic exchange of indexable inserts.

[Summary of the invention]

The chip is supported in the holder so that it can be freely tightened and loosened by a lever (one end of which is engaged with the other end) of a drive screw screwed into the holder so as to be able to swing forward and backward. 1) Remove the used chip from the holder, transport it to the chip magazine section, and store it in a predetermined position, and transport the unused chip from the chip magazine section to the holder. This is a K mark for insertion.

[Embodiments of the invention]

- Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the lathe of this embodiment. This lathe has a headstock (1) and a tailstock (not shown), and a workpiece (
2) and a workpiece holding section (3) that holds and rotates the workpiece.

A bed part (5) to which the workpiece holding part (3) is fixed, and a tool holding part (8) having a turret shop's tool rest (7) from which a plurality of holders (6) are protruded. , bed part (
A chip magazine part a1 provided at the end opposite to the headstock (1) of 5) and storing a plurality of types of chips (9) at predetermined positions, this chip magazine part 0, and the tool rest. (
7) Between the place 1! The tool holder (8) consists of a chip transport section aυ that transports the O-chip (9) pile, and a numerical control section (not shown) that electrically controls the chip exchange work and turning work. The carriage az is supported between the headstock (1) and the tailstock so that the bed part (5) can move forward and backward in the direction of the arrow (6), and the axial direction is along the direction of the carriage α. A turret shaft (7a) rotatably supported in the four directions of the arrows, and a regular polygonal tool post (7) coaxially connected to the free end of the turret shaft (7m).
It has As shown in FIG. 2, on the outer periphery of the tip surface of the tool rest (7), one tip support mechanism αj is provided for each polygonal surface. Regarding the mounting structure of the tip support mechanism a3..., one tip support mechanism (13) will be described based on FIG. Annular tool block α4 and this tool block 04
a holder (6) having a rectangular cross section that is fitted and fixed to 1;
A recess (i
A security deposit 00 placed on the bottom of the security deposit aFj (see Figure 3) and a holder (6) with one end secured to the center of the security deposit aFj.
The drive screw al consists of an L-shaped lever αη that is tucked inside the holder (6), and a drive screw al that is screwed onto the holder (6) and has the other end of the lever αη locked in a small diameter portion 08 provided in the middle. One end of the lever (Iη) protrudes from the deposit αe, and inserts the hole (■) of the chip (9) into this protruding part, and then
It is designed to be seated.

In addition, the lever aη has an arrow (22) in the holder (6),
It is installed inside so that it can swing freely in the direction (c). When the motion screw (1'J) descends in the direction of the arrow (to), lever α
η follows in the direction of arrow QI), presses the tip (9) inserted into one end of the lever αη against the side wall surface of the recess α, and tightens the tip (9) to the holder (6). It is meant to be worn. On the other hand, when the drive screw a9 rises in the direction of the arrow Q4), the lever 07) follows in the direction of the arrow (c) and releases the fastening of the tip (9) from the holder (6). . The tip (
9) is set so that tightening/loosening work to the holder (6) can be performed. The rotation of the drive screw αj is controlled by a hexagonal hole (19a) K, which is recessed in the upper end, and a nut runner (25a), which will be described later.

This is done by inserting the tip of (5b). On the other hand, the chip magazine part a1 is drum-shaped, and has chips (
9)...Multiple units are arranged evenly to correspond to the types of units. Then, put each unit together.

A first groove (c) for storing the used chip (9)... and a second groove for storing the chip (9) before use.
A groove (5) is provided, and the crest r41 of the stored chip (9) is coated. Furthermore, the chip transport section av has two guide shafts (to) installed in the direction of the arrow (C) between the headstock (1) and the chip magazine section α1.
, (to), a movable body (30) fitted on these guide shafts (to) and (to) and driven forward and backward in the direction of arrow (G), and a movable body (30) attached to the lower end of this movable body (30). a rotating mechanism Gυ,
The operating mechanism (to) is attached to the lower end of this rotating mechanism 61) so as to be rotatable in the direction of the arrow (to), and the elevating mechanism (b) that integrally raises and lowers the one-rotation mechanism Gυ and the operating mechanism (to). Therefore, the operating mechanism (to) is a one-rotation mechanism G
Rectangular yi,% holding plate connected to the lower end of υ (to)
, a pair of chip attachment/detachment rods (36a) and (3sb) attached to the bottom surface of this holding plate (to), and the same to the holding plate (to).
A pair of nut runners (25a) attached to the lower surface of the
It consists of ゛(25b). These chip attachment/detachment rods (
36a), (3sb) and Natsutranna C258) Ba 2
5b) are placed at symmetrical positions across the center of rotation (b) by the rotation mechanism 6υ, as shown in Figure 3.
, chip attachment/detachment rods (36a), (36b), and nut runners (25a), (25b) are provided at the four corners of the holding plate (to) alternately and with the same kind facing each other across the center of rotation (b). ing. However, the tip attachment/detachment rod (36a
), (36b) are electromagnets whose tips are formed to correspond to the size of the chip (9)..., and by magnetizing and demagnetizing this electromagnet, the chips (9)... It is designed so that it can be attached and detached. In addition, Natsutranna (25
1) and (25b) are driven by a DC motor that rotates forward and backward, and the bolt part (38a) at the tip,
(38b)t! , arrow an, Cl41 direction, that is, the axial direction of the drive screw alJ, K is driven up and down. However, these chip attachment/detachment rods (36a), (36b
) and the nut runners (25a) and (25b) are set in the directions of the arrows (to) and (to). Also,
Tip attachment/detachment rod (distance between 36 ri and nut runner (25Jl) and tip attachment/detachment rod 06b) and nut runner (25b)
The distance is set equal to the distance between the axis of the hole in the security deposit aS and the drive screw α, and is set so that the tip (9) can be attached and removed and the drive screw a can be rotated at the same position. There is.

Next, we will discuss the operation of the lathe with the above configuration.
Assume that as a result of long-time turning work, the tip (9) held in the holder (6) has worn out and reached the end of its lifespan. In this case, the chip transport section αυ is operated based on a control signal from the numerical control section. That is, the movable body (30) moves along the guide shaft (2) in the chip magazine section α1t. The operating mechanism (to) is lowered by the lifting mechanism (b), and the tip (9) of the same type as the damaged tip (9) is attached to the tip attachment/removal rod (36a) in the groove f$, 2.
After being electromagnetically attracted, it rises to its original position.

Further, the moving body (30) moves to a position directly above the tool rest (7). Then, based on the control signal from the numerical control unit, the operating mechanism (to) is lowered to a predetermined position, and the nut runner (25b) is further lowered and fitted into the hexagonal hole (19) of the drive screw (II). Natsutranna (25b)
When the forward rotation of is transmitted to the drive screw alJ and this drive screw σ9 is raised, the lever αη swings in the direction of the arrow, and the fastening of the tip (9) to the holder (6) is released. After the movement, the nut runner (25b) rises and leaves the hexagonal hole (19a), and then the operating mechanism (end) is lowered by the lifting mechanism (end), and the tip attachment/removal rod (36b) is lowered.
The chip (9) is released by magnetizing it.
) is adsorbed by electromagnetic force.Then, this chip attachment/detachment rod (36b) is raised by the elevating mechanism (b), and then the rotating mechanism.

131) to rotate the operating mechanism (to) 180 degrees.
Next, move the tip attachment/detachment lever (36) from the lifting mechanism C34)K.
After lowering the tip (9) and inserting it into one end of the lever αη, the chip (9) is demagnetized, which releases the holding of the tip (9) and removes the security deposit (le There is a slight tip removable rod (3611) on the top to be seated on.
After raising, lower the nut runner (25a),
Insert the drive screw into the hexagonal hole (19m) K. Then, the nut runner (251) is rotated in the opposite direction by the drive screw al.
and lowers this drive screw al. Then,
The lever αη swings in the direction of arrow Q1), and the tip (9) is fastened to the holder (6). After this tightening work is completed, the operating device 411C (3) returns to its original position. Based on the control signal from the numerical control section, the movable body (3o) The chip magazine section (II
Move with t. Then, the operating mechanism (to) descends and the first
The used tip (9) held by the tip attachment/detachment rod (36b) is released in the groove. After that, the operating mechanism (to) returns to its original position. Thus, the work of tightening the tip (9) before use is completed, and the turning work is started.

When one corner of the chip (9) reaches the end of its life, the chip (9) is unfastened using the procedure described above, and the chip (9) is gripped by the chip attachment/removal column (36b) K'' and lifted upward. lift it up.

Then, the unused corner of the chip (9) becomes the recess α.
! After rotating it to the machining position at step 9, it is again tightened to the holder (6) and turning is restarted.

In this way, the lathe of this embodiment has chips (9)...
automatic replacement can be performed quickly and accurately.

Therefore, it is possible to contribute to the promotion of complete automation and unmanned turning operations. In addition, since a large space is not required to store the chip (9)..., space can be saved, and there is no need to attach and detach the holder (6)...・Can increase the rigidity of
Machining accuracy can be improved.Furthermore, by adopting a chip exchange method, it becomes possible to use multiple corners for the same chip, improving economic efficiency.

Furthermore, two pairs of chip attachment/detachment columns and nut runners are provided as operating mechanisms for loading/unloading/transferring chips, which improves work efficiency and contributes to improving the operating rate of the lathe.

In the above embodiment, a compressed air jet hole connected to a compressed air source (not shown) is formed in the chip holding hole of the holder (6), and compressed air is jetted from this air jet hole. The chips attached to the seating surface of the bottom pick tip (9) may be blown away. Similarly, a compressed air jet hole may be provided on the upper surface of the deposit αe to blow away chips. Furthermore, seating of the chip (9) in the holder (6) may be confirmed using these compressed air jet holes. Furthermore, the tip attachment/detachment column and the nut runner are not limited to two pairs, but can be one pair.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, an electromagnetic chuck system is used for attaching and detaching chips, but a vacuum chuck system or a gripper of a normal robot may also be used. O [Effects of the Invention] The lathe of the present invention can perform automatic tip replacement quickly and accurately. Therefore, it is possible to improve the operating rate and contribute to the promotion of complete automation and unmanned turning operations. Additionally, a large space is not required to store the chip, making it possible to save space. moreover,
Since there is no need to attach and detach the holder, the rigidity of the holder can be increased and machining accuracy can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing the main parts of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the operating mechanism. ru0(2)...workpiece,
(3) Workpiece holding section. (6)... Holder, (Force... Turret. (8)... Tool holding part, (9)... Chip, a-to...
・Chip magazine section, α...Chip transport section, α...
・Concavity, (17)...Lever, αto...Drive screw,
■... Hole (through hole), (25a), (25b) ”=f y trough f, (36
a), (36b)... Chip attachment/detachment column (chitchi attachment/detachment body). Figure 1 Figure 3 ib Procedural amendment (voluntary) 1. Indication of the case Patent Application No. 1983-268397 λ Name of the invention Automatic chip changing device 3. Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Patent applicant (307) Toshiba Corporation 4, Agent Address: 1-1 Shibaura-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105 (1) Name of the invention in the FIiJ specification (2) Claims in the specification (3) Invention in the specification Detailed explanation column 6, content of amendment as shown in attached sheet 7, content of amendment (2) Page 2, line 10, ``Lathe'' is corrected to ``equipment.'' (3) On page 3, line 11, "lathe" is corrected to "equipment." (4) On page 4, line 3, ``An embodiment J is corrected to ``an embodiment in which the same is applied to a lathe.'' (5) On page 12, line 18, "lathe" is corrected to "device." Claims. Device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A lathe characterized by having the following configuration. (a) Workpiece holding section that holds and rotates the workpiece. (b) A holder having a through hole at its tip and a recess for holding a tip for cutting the workpiece, a tool rest from which the holder protrudes, and one end of the holder at the recess forming part. protrudes into one end of which the chip is inserted through the through hole, and has a lever that is swingably installed in the holder, and a locking part with which the other end of the lever is locked. and a drive screw screwed onto the holder, and the tip can be tightened and loosened from the recess by swinging a lever that is locked to the locking part by rotating the drive screw in the forward and reverse directions. Tool holder to be seated. (c) a chip magazine section in which the chips before use and the chips used are stored in a predetermined position; (d) a chip attachment/detachment body that removably supports the chips; and a nut runner that rotationally drives the drive screw. and a chip transport section that transports the chips between the tool holding section and the chip magazine section. (2) The lathe according to claim 1, wherein the holder is provided with a compressed gas injection mechanism that injects compressed gas to the chip mounting area.