JPS6114290B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6114290B2 JPS6114290B2 JP5267878A JP5267878A JPS6114290B2 JP S6114290 B2 JPS6114290 B2 JP S6114290B2 JP 5267878 A JP5267878 A JP 5267878A JP 5267878 A JP5267878 A JP 5267878A JP S6114290 B2 JPS6114290 B2 JP S6114290B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ground
- nozzle
- pipe
- tube
- cut
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008674 spewing Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Description
本発明は、地盤改良工法に関するものであり、
さらに詳しくは超高圧噴流方式により地盤改良材
を注入して地盤を改良する工法に関するものであ
る。
かかる工法はすでに公知であり、その代表的な
ものとしてジエツト・グラウト（Jet・Grout）工
法とケミカル・チヤーニングパイル
（Chemical・Churnibg・pile）工法とがある。
ジエツト・グラウト工法は、超高圧噴流水とそ
れを取り囲むエアーとにより地盤を切削し、その
空隙に地盤改良材を注入充填する工法であり、こ
の工法によれば噴流水の到達距離がのび、広い範
囲にわたつて地盤切削を行え得る利点があるが、
エアーのリフト作用により切削スライムが地上に
噴き上げる（これは地盤の切削効率をよくする利
点がある。）ため、地上に噴き上げられた切削ス
ライムの処置の問題を生じ、また地盤改良材とし
てセメントミルクを用いる場合にはエアーのリフ
ト作用によりその一部が地上に噴き上げ、セメン
トのアルカリ性により二次公害を生じるなどの問
題点がある。
またケミカル・チヤーニング・パイル工法は地
盤改良材を地盤中に高圧で噴射してその破壊力で
地盤を切削し、地盤中に地盤改良材の固結体を造
成する工法であり、エアを用いていないためエア
ーのリフト作用により切削スライムが地上に噴き
上げないので、切削スライムの処置などの問題は
生じないが、地盤改良材の到達距離がのびず、広
い範囲にわたつて地盤切削できない欠点がある。
本発明は、前述の両工法の問題点ないし欠点を
解消し、切削スライムを地上に噴き上げさせるこ
となく、地盤改良材の到達距離を増大し得る地盤
改良工法を提供するにあり、このため本発明の工
法によれば、まず高圧液体、通常高圧水を噴射し
て地盤を切削し（一次切削）、地盤をあらかじめ
ゆるめておきさらにセメントミルク、セメントバ
チルスなどの地盤改良材を噴射して地盤を切削し
（二次切削）、これにより地盤改良材の到達距離を
増大させるようにしている。
以下、図面を参照し本発明の工法を実施した一
実施例を説明する。
第１図は本発明の工法を実施した概要を示し、
作業機１を地盤Ａにあらかじめ削孔した孔Ｂに隣
接して設置し管（二重管）２を孔Ｂに挿入し、そ
の管２の先端に設けたノズル（詳細は後述する
が、ノズルは軸線方向に所定の間隔をへだてかつ
半径方向に所定の角度をへだてて二個設けられて
いる。）３から管２を経て供給される高圧液体通
常高圧水を噴射してまず地盤Ａを切削し（一次切
削）、高圧液体で切削した地盤をさらに高圧液体
と同時に噴射されるセメントミルク、セメントバ
チルスなどの地盤改良材で切削し（二次切削）、
管２を作業機１によつて回転させながら引き上げ
ることによつて地盤Ａ中に円筒状の地盤改良材の
固結体Ｃを造成する。
第２図は管２のノズル３部分の概要を示し、管
２は二重管として達成されており、内側の管は２
ａで、外側の管は２ｂで示されている。内側の管
２ａの先端には上方のノズル３ａが設けられてい
て、この上方のノズル３ａから高圧液体、通常高
圧水Ｄが300〜400Kg／cm2で噴射される。また上方
のノズル３ａと軸線方向に所定の間隔をへだてか
つ半径方向に所定の角度をへだてて外側の管２ｂ
の先端に下方のノズル３ｂが設けられていて、こ
の下方のノズル３ｂからセメントミルク、セメン
トバチルスなどの地盤改良材Ｅが150〜200Kg／cm2
で噴射される。なお、地盤改良材Ｅも高圧液体Ｄ
と同圧の高圧で噴射するようにしてもよい。また
図示の実施例のように、上方のノズル３ａと下方
のノズル３ｂとを角度的に180゜へだててておけ
ば、噴射の反力がバランスする。
第３図はノズル３の詳細を示し、エクステンシ
ヨンチユーブ１０内にインジエクター１１（その
通路をａで示す。）がピンにより固着されてお
り、このインジエクター１１に上方のノズル１２
（第２図ではノズル３ａとして示されている。）が
螺着されている。またエクステンシヨンチユーブ
１０にはブロツキングチユーブ１３が螺着されて
おり、このブロツキングチユーブ１３内にブロツ
キングナツト１４（その通路をｂで示す。）が螺
合されていて、このブロツキングナツト１４にイ
ンジエクシヨンチユーブボデイー１５（その通路
をＣで示す。）がロツクボルト１６により固着さ
れている。そしてインジエクシヨンチユーブボデ
イ１５には下方のノズル１７が螺着されていると
共にその先端にノンコアービツト１８が螺着され
ている。
図より分るように、上方のノズル１２と下方の
ノズル１７とは軸線方向に所定の間隔をへだてか
つ半径方向に所定の角度、この実施例では180゜
の角度をへだてて設けられている。エクステンシ
ヨンチユーブ１０には図示されていない二重管が
螺着され、二重管の内側管（第２図で２ａとして
示されている管）は気密を保持してインジエクタ
ー１１に連結され、また二重管の外側管（第２図
で２ｂとして示されている管）は気密を保持して
エクステンシヨンチユーブ１０に連結される。し
たがつて、二重管の内側管２ａを経て供給される
高圧液体、通常高圧水Ｄが上方ノズル１２から噴
射され、また二重管の外側管２ｂを経て供給され
るセメントミルク、セメントバチルスなどの地盤
改良材Ｅが下方のノズル１７から噴射される。こ
の際、前述のようにこれら各ノズル１２，１７は
第１図に示す作業機１により二重管を回転するこ
とにより回転され、引き上げられる。
本発明の実施に際しては、まず第１図に示すよ
うに孔Ｂを地盤Ａの所定の位置に公知の方法で削
孔し、次いで作業機１によりその孔Ｂ内に先端に
ノズル３を取り付けた管２を挿入する。ノズル３
の先端には前述のようにビツト１８（第３図）が
取り付けられているので、土砂がくずれても管２
を回転させることによつて容易に孔Ｂの下端まで
管２を挿入することができる。
次いで第２図に示すように、管２の内側管２ａ
を経て上方のノズル３ａ（第３図ではノズル１２
として示されている。）から高圧液体、通常高圧
水Ｄを噴射してまず地盤Ａを切削する（一次切
削）。この際、液体を用いているので、気体、す
なわちエアーを用いた場合に比べ噴流はのびる。
これと同時に高圧液体Ｄで一次切削した地盤Ａを
管２の外側管２ｂを経て下方のノズル３ｂ（第３
図ではノズル１７として示されている。）からセ
メントミルク、セメントバチルスなどの地盤改良
材Ｅを噴射して地盤Ａをさらに切削する（二次切
削）、この際作業機１によつて管２を回転させる
ことにより各ノズル３ａ，３ｂを回転させつつ引
き上げる。
本発明の工法では、高圧液体でまず地盤を切削
し（一次切削）、切削された地盤をさらに地盤改
良材で切削する（二次切削）ようにしているの
で、一次切削流のみによる場合に比べ噴流（地盤
改良材）の到達距離が大幅にのび、一回の作業で
広範囲の地盤改良を行うことができる。すなわち
本発明では管２を回転させながら引き上げるの
で、ノズル３ａ，３ｂはらせん状の軌跡を画く、
したがつて高圧液体でらせん状に切削した地盤を
さらにらせん状に地盤改良材を噴射して切削する
のである。したがつてあまり噴射の到達距離を必
要としない場合には、回転速度に対して引上げ速
度を早くすれば、高圧液体で切削したらせん状の
線と線との間に地盤改良材が噴射されるので、や
はり全体的に均一な地盤改良作業を速やかに行な
うことができる。
実験の結果によれば次のデーターが得られた。
The present invention relates to a ground improvement method,
More specifically, it relates to a method of improving the ground by injecting a ground improvement material using an ultra-high pressure jet method. Such construction methods are already known, and typical examples include the jet grout method and the chemical churning pile method. The jet grouting method is a construction method in which the ground is cut using ultra-high-pressure jet water and air surrounding it, and the ground improvement material is injected and filled into the gap.With this method, the jet water can reach a longer distance and spread over a wider area. It has the advantage of being able to perform ground cutting over a wide range, but
Cutting slime is blown up to the ground by the lifting action of air (this has the advantage of improving ground cutting efficiency), which creates problems in how to deal with the blown up cutting slime, and cement milk is also used as a ground improvement material. When used, there are problems such as a portion of it blowing up to the ground due to the lift effect of the air, causing secondary pollution due to the alkalinity of the cement. In addition, the chemical tearing pile method is a construction method in which a soil improvement material is injected into the ground at high pressure, and the ground is cut with its destructive force, creating a solid body of soil improvement material in the ground. Because of this, the cutting slime does not blow up to the ground due to the lifting action of the air, so there are no problems such as disposal of the cutting slime, but there is a drawback that the reach of the ground improvement material is not extended and the ground cannot be cut over a wide area. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ground improvement method that eliminates the problems and drawbacks of both of the above-mentioned methods and can increase the reach of soil improvement materials without spewing cut slime onto the ground. According to this construction method, the ground is first cut by injecting high-pressure liquid, usually high-pressure water (primary cutting), the ground is loosened in advance, and then a ground improvement material such as cement milk or cement bacillus is injected to cut the ground. (secondary cutting), thereby increasing the reach of the ground improvement material. Hereinafter, one embodiment of the construction method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows an overview of the implementation of the construction method of the present invention,
The work equipment 1 is installed adjacent to a hole B previously drilled in the ground A, a pipe (double pipe) 2 is inserted into the hole B, and a nozzle (the details will be described later) is installed at the tip of the pipe 2. are provided at a predetermined distance in the axial direction and at a predetermined angle in the radial direction.) First, the ground A is cut by injecting high-pressure liquid, usually high-pressure water, supplied from 3 through the pipe 2. (primary cutting), and the ground that has been cut with high-pressure liquid is further cut with ground improvement materials such as cement milk and cement bacillus that are injected at the same time as the high-pressure liquid (secondary cutting).
A cylindrical solidified body C of ground improvement material is created in the ground A by pulling up the pipe 2 while rotating it by the working machine 1. Figure 2 shows an overview of the nozzle 3 section of tube 2, which is realized as a double tube, with the inner tube being two
In a, the outer tube is designated 2b. An upper nozzle 3a is provided at the tip of the inner tube 2a, and high-pressure liquid, usually high-pressure water D, is injected from this upper nozzle 3a at 300 to 400 kg/cm 2 . Also, an outer pipe 2b is separated from the upper nozzle 3a by a predetermined distance in the axial direction and by a predetermined angle in the radial direction.
A lower nozzle 3b is provided at the tip of the lower nozzle 3b, and from this lower nozzle 3b, 150 to 200 kg/cm 2 of soil improvement material E such as cement milk or cement bacillus is released.
It is injected with. In addition, the ground improvement material E is also a high-pressure liquid D.
The injection may be performed at the same high pressure. Further, as in the illustrated embodiment, if the upper nozzle 3a and the lower nozzle 3b are angled at 180 degrees, the reaction force of the injection will be balanced. FIG. 3 shows details of the nozzle 3, in which an injector 11 (the passage of which is indicated by a) is fixed in an extension tube 10 with a pin, and an upper nozzle 12 is attached to this injector 11.
(shown as nozzle 3a in FIG. 2) is screwed on. Further, a blocking tube 13 is screwed onto the extension tube 10, and a blocking nut 14 (the passage thereof is indicated by b) is screwed into this blocking tube 13. An injection tube body 15 (its passage is indicated by C) is fixed to the locking nut 14 by a lock bolt 16. A lower nozzle 17 is screwed onto the injection tube body 15, and a non-core bit 18 is screwed onto the tip thereof. As can be seen from the figure, the upper nozzle 12 and the lower nozzle 17 are axially separated by a predetermined distance and radially separated by a predetermined angle, in this embodiment an angle of 180°. A double tube (not shown) is screwed onto the extension tube 10, and the inner tube of the double tube (the tube shown as 2a in FIG. 2) is connected to the injector 11 in an airtight manner. The outer tube of the double tube (the tube shown as 2b in FIG. 2) is connected to the extension tube 10 in a gas-tight manner. Therefore, high-pressure liquid, usually high-pressure water D, supplied through the inner tube 2a of the double tube is injected from the upper nozzle 12, and cement milk, cement bacillus, etc., supplied through the outer tube 2b of the double tube. The ground improvement material E is injected from the lower nozzle 17. At this time, as described above, each of these nozzles 12, 17 is rotated and pulled up by rotating the double pipe by the working machine 1 shown in FIG. In carrying out the present invention, first, a hole B was drilled at a predetermined position in the ground A using a known method as shown in FIG. Insert tube 2. Nozzle 3
As mentioned above, the bit 18 (Fig. 3) is attached to the tip of the pipe 2, so even if the earth and sand collapses, the pipe 2
By rotating the tube 2, the tube 2 can be easily inserted to the lower end of the hole B. Then, as shown in FIG.
through the upper nozzle 3a (nozzle 12 in Figure 3).
It is shown as. ) is injected with high-pressure liquid, usually high-pressure water D, to first cut the ground A (primary cutting). At this time, since a liquid is used, the jet flow is longer than when a gas, that is, air is used.
At the same time, the ground A that has been primarily cut with the high-pressure liquid D is passed through the outer pipe 2b of the pipe 2 to the lower nozzle 3b (third
It is shown as nozzle 17 in the figure. ) to further cut the ground A by injecting a ground improvement material E such as cement milk or cement bacillus (secondary cutting). At this time, by rotating the pipe 2 with the working machine 1, each nozzle 3a, 3b is Rotate and pull up. In the method of the present invention, the ground is first cut with a high-pressure liquid (primary cutting), and the cut ground is further cut with a soil improvement material (secondary cutting), so compared to the case where only the primary cutting flow is used. The reach of the jet stream (ground improvement material) is greatly extended, making it possible to improve a wide range of ground in a single operation. That is, in the present invention, since the tube 2 is pulled up while rotating, the nozzles 3a and 3b draw a spiral trajectory.
Therefore, the ground that has been cut in a spiral shape using high-pressure liquid is further cut by spraying ground improvement material in a spiral shape. Therefore, if the spraying distance is not required to be that long, the ground improvement material can be injected between the spiral lines cut with high-pressure liquid by increasing the pulling speed relative to the rotation speed. Therefore, uniform ground improvement work can be carried out quickly. According to the results of the experiment, the following data were obtained.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
第１図は本発明の法によつて地盤中に地盤改
良層を造成する態様を示す説明図、第２図はノズ
ルから噴射される噴流の状態を示すノズル部分の
側断面図、第３図，，およびは本発明の
工法に用いられるノズルの一例を詳細に示すもの
で、は側断面図、はの−線断面図、
は同−線断面図、は同−線断面図であ
る。
１……作業機、２……管（二重管）、２ａ……
二重管の内側管、２ｂ……二重管の外側管、３…
…ノズル、３ａ……上方のノズル、３ｂ……下方
のノズル、Ａ……地盤、Ｂ……地盤に削孔された
孔、Ｃ……地盤中に造成された地盤改良層、Ｄ…
…高圧の液体、Ｅ……地盤改良材。
Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the manner in which a soil improvement layer is created in the ground by the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the nozzle portion showing the state of the jet stream injected from the nozzle, and Fig. 3 , , and show in detail an example of the nozzle used in the construction method of the present invention, where is a side sectional view, is a sectional view taken along the line,
is a cross-sectional view taken along the same line, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the same line. 1... Work equipment, 2... Pipe (double pipe), 2a...
Inner tube of double tube, 2b... Outer tube of double tube, 3...
...Nozzle, 3a... Upper nozzle, 3b... Lower nozzle, A... Ground, B... Hole drilled in the ground, C... Ground improvement layer created in the ground, D...
...High-pressure liquid, E... Ground improvement material.
Claims (1)
線方向に所定の間隔をへだてかつ半径方向に所定
の角度をへだてて二個のノズルを設けた二重管を
挿入し、二重管の一方の管を径て二個のノズルの
うち上方に位置するノズルから高圧で液体を噴射
させると共に、二重管の他方の管を経て二個のノ
ズルのうち下方に位置するノズルから地盤改良材
を噴射させ、二重管を回転させることにより各ノ
ズルを回転させながら二重管を地中から引き上
げ、上方のノズルからの高圧液体で切削した地盤
をさらに下方のノズルからの地盤改良材で切削す
ることにより地盤改良材のの到達距離を増大させ
るようにしたことを特徴とする地盤改良工法。1. Insert a double pipe with two nozzles at the tip separated by a predetermined distance in the axial direction and at a predetermined angle in the radial direction into a hole previously drilled in the ground, and insert one of the double pipes into the hole. The liquid is injected at high pressure from the upper nozzle of the two nozzles through the pipe, and the ground improvement material is injected from the lower nozzle of the two nozzles through the other pipe of the double pipe. Each nozzle is rotated by injecting and pulling the double pipe out of the ground, and the ground cut by the high-pressure liquid from the upper nozzle is further cut by the ground improvement material from the lower nozzle. A soil improvement method characterized by increasing the reach of soil improvement materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5267878A JPS54146413A (en) | 1978-05-04 | 1978-05-04 | Method of ground improvement construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5267878A JPS54146413A (en) | 1978-05-04 | 1978-05-04 | Method of ground improvement construction |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS54146413A JPS54146413A (en) | 1979-11-15 |
| JPS6114290B2 true JPS6114290B2 (en) | 1986-04-18 |
Family
ID=12921531
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5267878A Granted JPS54146413A (en) | 1978-05-04 | 1978-05-04 | Method of ground improvement construction |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54146413A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02490U (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-01-05 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5945049B2 (en) * | 1980-09-10 | 1984-11-02 | 株式会社 エヌ・アイ・テイ | Ground improvement method using high pressure double injection |
| JP4842023B2 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2011-12-21 | 日本バルカー工業株式会社 | Serrated gasket |
-
1978
- 1978-05-04 JP JP5267878A patent/JPS54146413A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02490U (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-01-05 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS54146413A (en) | 1979-11-15 |
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