JPS61142452A - Moisture gauge - Google Patents
Moisture gaugeInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61142452A JPS61142452A JP28000285A JP28000285A JPS61142452A JP S61142452 A JPS61142452 A JP S61142452A JP 28000285 A JP28000285 A JP 28000285A JP 28000285 A JP28000285 A JP 28000285A JP S61142452 A JPS61142452 A JP S61142452A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- measured
- liquid
- dielectric constant
- water
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 50
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2835—Specific substances contained in the oils or fuels
- G01N33/2847—Water in oils
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、原油、灯油、軽油管の石油類及びその誘導品
や食用油等中に含有する水分を測定する水分計に８する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a moisture meter for measuring moisture contained in crude oil, kerosene, petroleum products such as gas oil pipes, their derivatives, edible oil, etc.
従来より、石油類中に含有する水分量を測定する計器と
して静電容量式水分計が知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Capacitive moisture meters have been known as instruments for measuring the amount of water contained in petroleum.
この静電容量式水分計は、原油等−の被測定液の静電容
量（誘電率）と該被測定液〒に含有する水分量とが比例
するという原理を利用したものである。This capacitive moisture meter utilizes the principle that the capacitance (permittivity) of a liquid to be measured, such as crude oil, is proportional to the amount of water contained in the liquid to be measured.
しかしながら、原油等の石油類自体の比誘電率。However, the dielectric constant of petroleum products such as crude oil itself.
が変化すると水分量の測定値に誤差が生じる欠点がある
。飼えば、原油の比誘電率が′１”変化すると、水分量
の測定値に２．８６％の誤差が生じる。There is a drawback that if the water content changes, an error will occur in the measured value of moisture content. If the dielectric constant of crude oil changes by '1', an error of 2.86% will occur in the measured water content.
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的と
するところは、原油性の比誘電率が変化しても原油性に
含有する水分量を正確に測定することができ、また水分
除去装置が目詰りすることがない水分計を提供する点に
ある。The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to be able to accurately measure the amount of water contained in crude oil even if the dielectric constant of crude oil changes, and to remove water. The object of the present invention is to provide a moisture meter in which the device does not become clogged.
以下、本発明の一実施例を図面を参照して説明する５図
中１は石油本管である。この石油本管１には、石油本管
１に流れる原油等の被測定液の一部を本発明の水分計に
導び（ための導管２・が分岐して設けられている。この
導管２の流出端には本発明の水分計の試料導入管３０入
口端が接続されている。この試料導入管５には管４が分
岐して設けられている。導管２から試料導入管３に流入
した原油性の被測定液は七の、一部が管４に分流した後
、第１流量計５を通って熱交換器６に送られ。Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the five drawings, numeral 1 indicates an oil main pipe. This oil main pipe 1 is provided with a branched conduit 2 for guiding a part of the liquid to be measured such as crude oil flowing into the oil main pipe 1 to the moisture meter of the present invention. The inlet end of the sample introduction tube 30 of the moisture analyzer of the present invention is connected to the outflow end of the sample introduction tube 30.A tube 4 is branched from the sample introduction tube 5. A portion of the crude oil-based liquid to be measured is divided into a pipe 4 and then sent to a heat exchanger 6 through a first flowmeter 5.
この熱交換器６から第１流量調節弁７を通って第１ガス
ベント８に送られる。熱交換器６では、前記管′４に分
流して後述誓る他の熱交換器で加熱された被測定液と熱
交換する。また、第１ガスベント８では、熱交換器６で
加熱された被測定液からガス分を除去する。なお、第１
流量調節弁７は、第１流量計５を通る被測定液の流量を
調節するものである。また、熱交換器６と第１流ｆｋ調
節弁７との間の試料導入管３には、熱交換器６で加熱さ
れた被測定液の温度を測定する第１温度計９が設けられ
【いる。The gas is sent from the heat exchanger 6 to the first gas vent 8 through the first flow control valve 7 . In the heat exchanger 6, heat is exchanged with the liquid to be measured which is divided into the pipe '4 and heated in another heat exchanger which will be described later. Further, the first gas vent 8 removes gas from the liquid to be measured heated by the heat exchanger 6. In addition, the first
The flow rate control valve 7 is for adjusting the flow rate of the liquid to be measured passing through the first flowmeter 5. In addition, a first thermometer 9 is provided in the sample introduction tube 3 between the heat exchanger 6 and the first flow fk control valve 7 to measure the temperature of the liquid to be measured heated by the heat exchanger 6. There is.
前記ガスペント８でガス分が除去された被測定液は管１
０より第１誹電率計１゛１に送られる。The liquid to be measured from which the gas content has been removed in the gas pent 8 is transferred to the pipe 1.
0 to the first charge rate meter 1'1.
一方、前記管４に分流した被測定液は第２流量計１４を
通って熱交換器１５に送られ、この熱交換器１５からコ
アレッサー１６に送られる。熱交換器１５には温度調節
弁１７を介してスチーム、ホットクォーター等の熱媒体
が供給されていて、第２流量計１４を適って熱交換器１
５に送られた被測定液はそれに含まれるワックス分が析
出しない程度に加熱される。この温度調節弁１７は、熱
交換器１５からコアレッサー１６に送られる被測定液の
温度に応じて熱交換器１５に送る熱媒体量を調節するも
のである。コアレッサー１６では、熱交換器１５で加熱
された被測定液中に含まれる水分が内部のグラスウール
、合成樹脂、７アイパグラス笠のフィルターで除去され
る。この際、被測定液中のワックス分は熱交換器１５に
より加熱されて溶融状態にあるためコアレッサー１６内
のフィルターが目詰まりするおそれはない。On the other hand, the liquid to be measured that has been branched into the pipe 4 is sent to the heat exchanger 15 through the second flow meter 14, and from this heat exchanger 15 is sent to the coalescer 16. A heat medium such as steam or hot quarter is supplied to the heat exchanger 15 via a temperature control valve 17.
The liquid to be measured sent to step 5 is heated to such an extent that the wax contained therein does not precipitate. The temperature control valve 17 adjusts the amount of heat medium sent to the heat exchanger 15 in accordance with the temperature of the liquid to be measured sent from the heat exchanger 15 to the coalescer 16. In the coalescer 16, water contained in the liquid to be measured heated by the heat exchanger 15 is removed by an internal filter of glass wool, synthetic resin, and a seven-eye glass shade. At this time, since the wax component in the liquid to be measured is heated by the heat exchanger 15 and is in a molten state, there is no fear that the filter in the coalescer 16 will be clogged.
前記コアレッサー１６で水分が除去された被測定液は前
記熱交換器６に送られ、との熱交換器６から第２流量調
節弁１８を通って第２ガスベント１９に送られる。前記
熱交□換器６では前記第１流量計５を流れる被測定液と
熱交換する。また、第２ガスペント１９では熱交換器６
を通った被測定液からガス分を除去する。なお、第２流
量調節弁１８は、前記試料導入管５から分流して第２流
量計１４を通る被測定液の流量を調節するものである。The liquid to be measured from which water has been removed by the coalescer 16 is sent to the heat exchanger 6, and from the heat exchanger 6 is sent to the second gas vent 19 through the second flow rate control valve 18. The heat exchanger 6 exchanges heat with the liquid to be measured flowing through the first flowmeter 5. Also, in the second gas pent 19, the heat exchanger 6
Gas is removed from the liquid to be measured that has passed through. Note that the second flow rate control valve 18 is for adjusting the flow rate of the liquid to be measured that is branched from the sample introduction tube 5 and passes through the second flow meter 14 .
また、前記熱交換器６と第２流量調節弁１８との間の管
４には、５前記熱交換器６を通過した被測定液の温度を
測定する第２温度計２０が設けられている。Further, a second thermometer 20 is provided in the pipe 4 between the heat exchanger 6 and the second flow rate control valve 18 to measure the temperature of the liquid to be measured that has passed through the heat exchanger 6. .
前記ｍ２ガスベント１９でガス分が除去された被測定液
は管２１より第２誘電率計２２に送られる。The liquid to be measured from which the gas content has been removed at the m2 gas vent 19 is sent to the second dielectric constant meter 22 through the pipe 21.
前記第１誘電率計１１で測定された測定信号と第２＃電
車計２２で測定された測定信号は演算器２５に入力され
る。演算器２３は、第１誘電率計１１及び第２訪電率計
２２から測定信号を入力し、水分を除去しない被測定液
の・比誘電率値から水分を除去した被測定液の比誘電率
値を差し引き、被測定液中に含まれる水分の絶対量を算
出してこの演算結果を表示記録器２４に出力するように
なされている。The measurement signal measured by the first dielectric constant meter 11 and the measurement signal measured by the second # train meter 22 are input to the calculator 25 . The computing unit 23 inputs the measurement signals from the first dielectric constant meter 11 and the second visit rate meter 22, and calculates the dielectric constant of the liquid to be measured from which moisture has been removed from the dielectric constant value of the liquid to be measured without moisture removed. The absolute amount of water contained in the liquid to be measured is calculated by subtracting the rate value, and the result of this calculation is output to the display/recorder 24.
また、前記コアレッサー１６で被測定液中から除去され
た水分は、管２５より導出されて排出流量調節弁２６、
排出流量計２７を通り、前記熱交換器６と第１流量調節
弁７との間の試料導入管３から分岐して設けた管２８に
流入して鎖管２８から外部に排出される。なお、排出流
量調節弁２６は、コアレッサー１６から抜き出す水分を
多（含んだ排出液量を調節するものである。管２８には
切換弁２９が設けられている。また、管２８には、前記
第１誘電率計１１で測定された後の被測定液を排出する
管３０と第２誘電率計２２で測定された後の被測定液を
排出する管３１とが接続されている。Further, the water removed from the liquid to be measured by the coalescer 16 is led out through a pipe 25 and discharged through a discharge flow control valve 26,
It passes through the discharge flowmeter 27, flows into a pipe 28 branched from the sample introduction pipe 3 between the heat exchanger 6 and the first flow rate control valve 7, and is discharged to the outside from the chain pipe 28. The discharge flow rate control valve 26 is used to adjust the amount of discharged liquid containing a large amount of water extracted from the coalescer 16.The pipe 28 is provided with a switching valve 29. A pipe 30 for discharging the liquid to be measured after being measured by the first dielectric constant meter 11 is connected to a pipe 31 for discharging the liquid to be measured after being measured by the second dielectric constant meter 22.
また、前記管１０と管２１との間にはバイパス管３２が
設けられ、このバイパス管３２には切換。Further, a bypass pipe 32 is provided between the pipe 10 and the pipe 21, and this bypass pipe 32 has a switching function.
弁３３が設はられている。A valve 33 is provided.
なお、図中３４は前記コアレッサー１６に設けた温度計
である。In addition, 34 in the figure is a thermometer provided in the coalescer 16.
次に上記構成の水分計を使用し【原油中に含まれる水分
量を測定する方法を説明する。まず、上記水分計の校正
を行なう。これには、流量調節弁７を閉じる一方、切換
弁２９、ｔ／ｉ換弁３３をＦＡ（、そして、石油本管１
かも導ｇ２を通って試料導入管３に流入した原油はその
一部が管４に分流した後、第１流量計５、熱交換器６を
通って管２８に流入し、管２８より切換弁２９を通って
外部に排出される。一方、管４に分流した被測定液は第
２流量計１４を通り熱交換器１５に送られスチームによ
り加熱された後、コアレッサー１６に送られ水分が除去
される。水分が除去された被測定液は熱交換器６を通り
第１流量計５から送られた被測定液と熱交換を行なった
後、第２流量調節弁１８を通り第２ガスベント１９に送
られガス分が除去される。ガス分が除去された被測定液
は管２１から第２誘電率計２２に送られるが、その一部
はバイパス管３２、切換弁３３を介して第１誘電率計１
１に送られる。このとき、第１綽電率計１１の読みと第
２１１’を率計２２の読みとが笠しくなるように零調整
を行なう。Next, we will explain how to measure the amount of water contained in crude oil using the moisture meter with the above configuration. First, calibrate the moisture meter. To do this, while closing the flow control valve 7, the switching valve 29 and the t/i switching valve 33 are set to the FA (and the oil main 1
A portion of the crude oil that has flowed into the sample introduction tube 3 through the guide g2 is diverted to the tube 4, and then flows through the first flow meter 5 and the heat exchanger 6 into the tube 28, and from the tube 28, it is passed through the switching valve. 29 and is discharged to the outside. On the other hand, the liquid to be measured, which has been branched into the pipe 4, passes through the second flowmeter 14 and is sent to the heat exchanger 15, where it is heated by steam, and then sent to the coalescer 16, where water is removed. The liquid to be measured from which water has been removed passes through the heat exchanger 6 and exchanges heat with the liquid to be measured sent from the first flow meter 5, and then is sent to the second gas vent 19 through the second flow control valve 18. Gas content is removed. The liquid to be measured from which the gas content has been removed is sent from the pipe 21 to the second dielectric constant meter 22, but a part of it is sent to the first dielectric constant meter 1 via the bypass pipe 32 and the switching valve 33.
Sent to 1. At this time, zero adjustment is performed so that the reading of the first rate meter 11 and the reading of the 211' rate meter 22 become dim.
なお、スパン調整は、水分量と静電容量の関係式が一般
式で示されるので、第１誘電率計１１及び第２誘電率計
２２内の調整で行なう。Note that the span adjustment is performed by adjusting the first dielectric constant meter 11 and the second dielectric constant meter 22 because the relational expression between water content and capacitance is expressed by a general formula.
次いで、第１流量調節弁７を開き、切換弁２９及び切換
弁３３を閉じる。そして、第１流量調節弁７及び第２流
量調節弁１８により′、第１流量計５と第２流量計１４
に流れる被測定液の流量を調節する。第２流量計１４）
Ｃ流れる被測定液の流量は、サンプリング時間を短縮す
るためｋは多い方が良い。しかし、熱５５換器６，１５
が大きくなることと、コアレッサー１６の容量を大き？
する必要があることから、２００Ｒｔ／Ｈ程度にする。Next, the first flow control valve 7 is opened, and the switching valves 29 and 33 are closed. Then, the first flow rate control valve 7 and the second flow rate control valve 18 cause the first flow meter 5 and the second flow meter 14 to
Adjust the flow rate of the liquid to be measured. Second flow meter 14)
Regarding the flow rate of the liquid to be measured flowing C, it is better to have a larger value k in order to shorten the sampling time. However, heat 55 exchanger 6,15
Will it become larger and increase the capacity of Coalescer 16?
Since it is necessary to do so, it is set to about 200Rt/H.
また、第１流量計５に流れる被測定液の流量は、第１温
度計９と第２温度計２０が等しい温度を示すようにする
。すなわち、第１流量計５から熱交換器６を通過した被
測定液と第２流量計１４から熱交換器６を通過した被測
定液とが等しい温度になるようにする。換言すれば、水
分が含有したまま−１の被測定液の鱒電率と水分が除去
された被測定液の銹電率を笠しい温度で測定できるよう
にする。Further, the flow rate of the liquid to be measured flowing through the first flowmeter 5 is set so that the first thermometer 9 and the second thermometer 20 indicate the same temperature. That is, the liquid to be measured that has passed through the heat exchanger 6 from the first flow meter 5 and the liquid to be measured that has passed through the heat exchanger 6 from the second flow meter 14 are made to have the same temperature. In other words, it is possible to measure the trout electric rate of the liquid to be measured at −1 while water is still contained and the electric rate of the liquid to be measured from which water has been removed at a cool temperature.
そのためには、第１流量計５に流れる被測定液を多量に
流した方が良いが、第２流量計１４に流れる被測定液の
４倍位が適当でらる。For this purpose, it is better to allow a large amount of the liquid to be measured to flow through the first flowmeter 5, and approximately four times the amount of the liquid to be measured flowing through the second flowmeter 14 is suitable.
また、排出流量調節弁２６によりコアレッサー１６から
排出する水分を多（含んだ原油量を調節する。排出量が
少ないとコアレッサー１６底部の水分濃度が高くなって
水分の分離効率が悪？なるので、多くした方が良いが、
第２流量計１４）Ｃ流れる被測定液の５％位が適当であ
る。In addition, the amount of water discharged from the coalescer 16 is controlled by the discharge flow control valve 26. If the amount of water discharged is small, the water concentration at the bottom of the coalescer 16 becomes high and the water separation efficiency deteriorates. Therefore, it is better to have more, but
Approximately 5% of the liquid to be measured flows through the second flowmeter 14)C.
このようにして、校正を行ない、かつ第１流量駒節弁７
、第２ｆｉｉｔ調節弁−１８−排出流量調節弁２６の調
節を行なったら、原油中の水分量の測定を行なう、すな
わち、石油本管１から導管２を介し【試料導入管３に原
油を送る。すると、８００ｙｄ／ｗの原油が第１流量計
５を流れ、２ｏｏｙ／ｘｃ６原油が管４より第２流量計
１４に流れる。第２流量計１４に流れた２００ｄ／［の
原油は、熱交換器１５に送られ加熱された後、コアレッ
サー１６に送られる。このとき、温度調節弁１７は、温
度計３４が３０〜６０℃好ましくは４５℃を示すように
熱交換器１５に送るスチーム量を調節している。コアレ
ッサー１６では、原油中から水分が除去され、次いで熱
交換器６に送られる。熱交換器６では、第１流量計５か
ら水分が除去されていない原油が送られていて、ここで
熱交換して互いに等しい温度となる。水分が除去された
原油は第２流量調節介１８を通って第２ガスベント１９
に送られガス分が除去された後、管２１より第２誘電率
計２２に送られる。一方、水分が除去されない原油は第
１流量調節弁７を通って第１ガスベント８に送られガス
分が除去された後、管１０よ、り第１ｎ電車計１１に送
られる。第１誘電車計１１では水分が除去されていない
原油の比誘電＊（、、）が測定され１．また第２誘電率
計２−２では水分が除去された原油の比誘電車（す）が
測定される。これらの測定値は、演算器２５に入力され
る。演算器２３では、次式に示す演算を行なう、なお、
ａｌ ；ＫＷ＋ａ６ ・・・・・・・・・・・・ （
１）ｇ＠ ＝ＫＷ６＋ １６ ・”＝””” （２１
但し、Ｋは比例定数、Ｗは原油中に含まれる水分量〔壬
〕、Ｗｏはコアレッサー１６で除去できない水分量〔チ
〕、ｅｏは原油自体の比誘を率とする。In this way, the calibration is performed and the first flow rate piece valve 7
After adjusting the second fiit control valve 18 and the discharge flow rate control valve 26, the amount of water in the crude oil is measured, that is, the crude oil is sent from the oil main pipe 1 to the sample introduction pipe 3 via the conduit 2. Then, 800 yd/w of crude oil flows through the first flow meter 5, and 200 yd/x6 crude oil flows from the pipe 4 to the second flow meter 14. The crude oil of 200 d/[ that has flowed into the second flow meter 14 is sent to the heat exchanger 15 and heated, and then sent to the coalescer 16. At this time, the temperature control valve 17 adjusts the amount of steam sent to the heat exchanger 15 so that the thermometer 34 indicates a temperature of 30 to 60°C, preferably 45°C. In the coalescer 16 , water is removed from the crude oil, and then the crude oil is sent to the heat exchanger 6 . In the heat exchanger 6, crude oil from which moisture has not been removed is sent from the first flowmeter 5, and heat is exchanged there so that the crude oil has the same temperature. The crude oil from which water has been removed passes through the second flow rate regulator 18 and enters the second gas vent 19.
After the gas component is removed, it is sent from the tube 21 to the second dielectric constant meter 22. On the other hand, the crude oil from which water has not been removed is sent to the first gas vent 8 through the first flow control valve 7, and after the gas content is removed, it is sent to the first n-th train meter 11 via the pipe 10. The first dielectric meter 11 measures the relative permittivity*(,,) of crude oil from which water has not been removed.1. Further, the second permittivity meter 2-2 measures the dielectric current of the crude oil from which water has been removed. These measured values are input to the calculator 25. The arithmetic unit 23 performs the calculation shown in the following equation.
al ;KW+a6 ・・・・・・・・・・・・(
1) g@ =KW6+ 16 ・”=””” (21
However, K is a proportionality constant, W is the amount of water contained in the crude oil, Wo is the amount of water that cannot be removed by the coalescer 16, and eo is the specific dielectric potential of the crude oil itself.
まず、比誘電車−１と比誘電車Ｃ１との差を理出する（
式（３） ） 。First, find out the difference between dielectric train -1 and dielectric train C1 (
Equation (3) ).
％式％（３）
次いで、水分量ｗを算出する（式（４１） ５％式％（
４）
上記（４）式より原油中に含有する水分量ｗｌ：チ〕が
算出される。% formula % (3) Next, calculate the water content w (formula (41) 5% formula % (
4) The amount of water wl:chi] contained in the crude oil is calculated from the above equation (4).
この水分量ｗ、（嗟）は、演算器２３から表示記＊９Ｓ
２４に出力されて、表示されると共に、記録される。This water content w, (嗉) is displayed from the calculator 23 *9S
24 for display and recording.
なお、上記水分１Ｗ（１１中にはコアレ、ツサ−１６で
除去できない水分ｉｗ。Ｃ％・〕が含まれているが、こ
の値は＝７レツサー１６の性能にもよるが、約０．０８
％程度であって非常にわずかであり、予じめ算出された
水分量ｗＣ％〕から差し引いてかけば問題はない。In addition, the above moisture 1W (11 contains water iw.C%・) which cannot be removed by Coare and Tsusa-16, but this value is approximately 0.08 although it depends on the performance of =7 Lessa-16.
%, which is very small, and there is no problem if it is subtracted from the pre-calculated water content wC%].
また、マアレツｆ−１６の下部からは、５ｍｌ／Ｈ以下
の水分を含んだ原油を抜き出して管２５゜２８を通って
第１誘電率計１１で測定が終了また後管３０を介して流
入した原油と、Ｍ２誘電率計２２、、で測定が終了した
後管３１を介して流入した原油とともに外部に排出する
。In addition, from the lower part of the Maaretsu F-16, crude oil containing less than 5 ml/H of water was extracted, passed through the pipe 25° 28, was measured by the first dielectric constant meter 11, and then flowed in through the rear pipe 30. After the measurement of the crude oil and the M2 dielectric constant meter 22 is completed, it is discharged to the outside together with the crude oil that has flowed in through the pipe 31.
以上のようにして、石油本管１に流れる原油を・ サン
プリングし、これに含有する水分量を連続的に測定する
。In the manner described above, the crude oil flowing into the oil main pipe 1 is sampled and the amount of water contained therein is continuously measured.
しかして、上記実施例によれば熱交、換器１５により原
油を加熱しているので、原油中のワックス分が析出して
次工程のコアレッサー１６で目詰まりするようなおそれ
がな（なる。また、熱交換器６で水分を除去した原油と
水分を除去していない原油とを互いに熱交換して同じ温
度にしているので、誘電率を測定する際、温度の違いか
ら生じる誤差をなくすことができる。さらに、誘電率を
測定するに幽っては、水分を除去した被測定液と水分を
除去していない被測定液とが等しい温直になった後に、
それらの被測定液に混在しているガス分を、ガス抜き手
段を構成している第１ガスベント８及び第２４ガスベン
ト１９により予じめ除去しているので、更に正確な測定
が行なえる。According to the above embodiment, since the crude oil is heated by the heat exchanger 15, there is no risk that the wax content in the crude oil will precipitate and clog the coalescer 16 in the next step. In addition, since the crude oil from which water has been removed and the crude oil from which water has not been removed in the heat exchanger 6 exchange heat with each other to reach the same temperature, errors caused by differences in temperature are eliminated when measuring the dielectric constant. Furthermore, in order to measure the dielectric constant, after the liquid to be measured from which water has been removed and the liquid to be measured from which water has not been removed have become equally warm,
Since the gas mixed in these liquids to be measured is removed in advance by the first gas vent 8 and the twenty-fourth gas vent 19, which constitute the degassing means, more accurate measurements can be performed.
なお、上記実施例では、原油中の水分量を測定する場合
について説明したが、これに限定されるものでなく、灯
油、軽油、潤滑油、なたね油、やし油、パーム油、溶媒
等の従来静電容量式水分計で水分量を測定していたもの
にも適用し得ることは勿論でおるう
また。熱交換器１５にかえて電気ヒーター笠の他の加熱
装Ｒ（手段）、を使用してもよい。In addition, in the above example, the case where the water content in crude oil is measured is explained, but it is not limited to this. Of course, this method can also be applied to devices that measure moisture content using capacitive moisture meters. Instead of the heat exchanger 15, another heating device R (means) such as an electric heater shade may be used.
なお、液中にワックス分が少な（コアレッサー１６の目
づまりの恐れがない場合は、コアレッサー１６で水分を
除去する前に予め熱交換器１５等で加熱する必要はない
。Note that if the wax content in the liquid is small (there is no risk of clogging of the coalescer 16), there is no need to heat the liquid in advance with the heat exchanger 15 or the like before removing moisture with the coalescer 16.
また、原油中の水分を除去するものとしてコアレッサー
１６を用いた場合を示したが、これに限 ｌ定される
ものでなく、シリカゲル、熱水硫酸ナトリウム、熱水炭
酸ソーダ、アルミナ等の脱水剤を充填した水分除去装置
を使用してもよい。In addition, although we have shown the case where Coalescer 16 is used to remove moisture from crude oil, it is not limited to this, and can be used for dehydration of silica gel, hot water sodium sulfate, hot water soda carbonate, alumina, etc. A moisture removal device filled with an agent may also be used.
以上説明したように本発明によれば、第１誘電率計の測
定値と第２紡電率計の測定値の差は絶対水分量を示すこ
とになり、このため、原油等の被測定液自体の比誘電率
が変化してもこれにより影響を全（受けず、従来の場合
よりも原油等の被測定液中に含有する水分量を正確に測
定できる。したがって、本郷明の水分針を使用すれば、
原油等の取引において正確な原油量を知ることができ【
非常に便利である。その上、脱水器内のフィルターや脱
水剤の充Ｊｊ１層等にワックス分が数分の、うちに析出
又は堆積して正常な測定が阻害されやすいが、本発明の
水分計においては、加熱手段が上記の目詰りを防止する
ので、そのような支障を生ずることはない。As explained above, according to the present invention, the difference between the measured value of the first dielectric constant meter and the measured value of the second spin rate meter indicates the absolute moisture content, and therefore Even if its relative dielectric constant changes, it is not affected by this change, and the amount of water contained in the liquid to be measured, such as crude oil, can be measured more accurately than in the conventional case.Therefore, Akira Hongo's moisture needle If you use
You can know the exact amount of crude oil when trading crude oil etc. [
Very convenient. Furthermore, wax content tends to precipitate or accumulate on the filter in the dehydrator or the first layer of dehydrating agent within a few minutes, hindering normal measurement. prevents the above-mentioned clogging, so no such trouble occurs.
また、原油等の被測定液の性状変化に対して連続的に含
有水分量を正確に測定することができる。Furthermore, the moisture content can be continuously and accurately measured in response to changes in the properties of the liquid to be measured, such as crude oil.
図面は本発明の一実施例を示すフローシートである。
３・・・・・・試料導入管、４・・・・・・管、１１・
・・・・・第１誘電率計、１５・・・・・・熱交換器（
加熱手段）、１６・・・・・・コアレッサー、２２・・
・・・・第２誘を早計。The drawing is a flow sheet showing one embodiment of the present invention. 3...Sample introduction tube, 4...Tube, 11.
...First permittivity meter, 15 ... Heat exchanger (
heating means), 16... coalescer, 22...
...The second invitation is premature.
Claims (1)
１誘電率計と、前記被測定液からその一部を取り出して
これに含有する水分を除去する水分除去装置と、この水
分除去装置で水分が除去された被測定液の誘電率を測定
する第２誘電率計と、前記水分除去装置の目詰まりを防
止する加熱手段とから構成されてなることを特徴とする
水分計。A first dielectric constant meter that directly measures the dielectric constant of a liquid to be measured without removing moisture; a moisture removal device that extracts a portion of the liquid to be measured and removes moisture contained therein; and this moisture removal device. A moisture meter comprising: a second dielectric constant meter for measuring the dielectric constant of a liquid to be measured from which moisture has been removed; and a heating means for preventing clogging of the moisture removal device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28000285A JPS61142452A (en) | 1985-12-12 | 1985-12-12 | Moisture gauge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28000285A JPS61142452A (en) | 1985-12-12 | 1985-12-12 | Moisture gauge |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP732580A Division JPS56104244A (en) | 1980-01-24 | 1980-01-24 | Moisture meter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61142452A true JPS61142452A (en) | 1986-06-30 |
| JPH0310904B2 JPH0310904B2 (en) | 1991-02-14 |
Family
ID=17618934
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28000285A Granted JPS61142452A (en) | 1985-12-12 | 1985-12-12 | Moisture gauge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61142452A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0600840A2 (en) * | 1992-12-04 | 1994-06-08 | Ralph Reichert | Moisture monitor in a non-conductive fluid media |
| JP2012145438A (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2012-08-02 | Sekiguchi:Kk | Method for measuring moisture ratio of w/o emulsion and moisture ratio measuring device |
-
1985
- 1985-12-12 JP JP28000285A patent/JPS61142452A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0600840A2 (en) * | 1992-12-04 | 1994-06-08 | Ralph Reichert | Moisture monitor in a non-conductive fluid media |
| EP0600840A3 (en) * | 1992-12-04 | 1995-02-01 | Ralph Reichert | Moisture monitor in a non-conductive fluid media. |
| JP2012145438A (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2012-08-02 | Sekiguchi:Kk | Method for measuring moisture ratio of w/o emulsion and moisture ratio measuring device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0310904B2 (en) | 1991-02-14 |
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