JPS61120698A - Anaerobic filter bed water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance capacity by performing anaerobic decomposition treatment in a highly efficient manner, by diverting a concn. tank, wherein the fine particulate org. substance contained in water to be treated is collected by a special contact material to obtain concn. water, to anaerobic decomposition treatment tank. CONSTITUTION:As preparation for sending a No.1 high temp. digestion liquid to a No.2 tank, the valve 47 connected to a sludge discharge pipe 46 is opened and the undecomposed precipitate or sand of No.1 anaerobic tank is withdrawn to a sludge tank 48. When the water supply pump 49 connected to the water supply pipe 30 of a No.2 concn. tank is stopped, the water in the No.2 concn. tank is reversely flowed to be returned to a raw liquid storage tank 50. The sludge pump 51 of the sludge tank 48 is operated to send high temp. sludge to the supply flooding pipe 38 in the upper layer of the No.2 concn. tank so as to also perform the backwashing of the packed filter part 9 of an upper contact material 15. The low temp. liquid of the concn. tank is pushed down to a filter part 4 through a water seal pipe 8. By blowing steam into the low temp. liquid, a recirculation water stream is imparted to enhance contact degree.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to an apparatus for anaerobic decomposition of polluted water containing a large amount of thick and difficult-to-decompose organic particles, such as wastewater from human waste, livestock production, food, textiles, paper manufacturing, etc., and sewage treatment sludge. It is. Especially in multi-head pig farms, no definitively effective water treatment method has been developed, and the current situation is that the treatment is incomplete and difficult. The reason for this is that pigs drink a lot of water and excrete a lot of urine, so the manure has a lot of water content, so even if it can be composted, a large amount of sawdust, tree bark, fir etc. must be treated, and the amount is huge. , people are having trouble finding sales channels and dumping locations.

On top of that, the machinery used to clean pigpens is subject to breakdowns and repairs! As a result of my disgust and disgust, I went to wash it with water and it became even more diluted.
Both anaerobic treatment and aerobic treatment are half-hearted; in other words, anaerobic treatment requires a large-scale tank, is inefficient, and is virtually impossible, and aerobic treatment cannot be performed directly. A large amount of water for dilution is required, the equipment is enormous, the amount of water discharged is increased, and a large amount of aeration energy key is also required.With these costs added to the cost, the product (pigs) cannot be sold. The current situation is such that the development of a new technology for processing pig manure without secondary pollution is the most desired.The invention in C was made with the aim of solving this problem. The concentration tank that captures the fine particles of organic matter contained in the water that cannot be treated using a special contact filter medium to obtain concentrated water is directly used as the 3rd anaerobic decomposition treatment tank for highly efficient anaerobic decomposition treatment. As soon as possible, replace the contents with another concentrating tank of the same shape to transfer its retained heat and anaerobic bacteria, and perform concentration and anaerobic treatment using a pair of treatment tanks of the same shape. This will be carried out alternately.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a treatment tank for carrying out this concentration/anaerobic process, heat, and movement of anaerobic bacteria, and FIG. 2 is a flow sheet for explaining its operation. Usually, anaerobic treatment is performed at room temperature or medium temperature (35
There are three methods: high temperature (around 50°C); however, room temperature is not a problem when processing large quantities because it takes too many days, does not generate gas, and the quality of the treated water is poor. Conventionally, in the high temperature method, the generated gas alone is not always sufficient as the heat source for heating, and other auxiliary fuels are required.

For this reason, the current situation is that the method relies mostly on the medium temperature method.

However, if the water to be treated could be concentrated easily using a simple device, gas generation would increase and high temperature methods could be used. The high-temperature method takes 1/3 the processing time and doubles the amount of gas generated compared to the medium-temperature method, but it is reported that the amount of heat required is 2.5 times, but depending on the degree of concentration, it can be a fully profitable process. However, since double the amount of gas can be produced in a short period of time, the heat loss in the treatment tank will also be reduced in proportion to the treatment period, so this will need to be carefully considered in the future.

Even in these anaerobic treatment reactions, there is a high content of particulate organic matter that easily becomes solubilized when temperature is applied, and it is natural that coarse and difficult-to-decompose substances should be removed in advance. Easily decomposed organic substances are necessary. Pig manure is viscous and cannot be sieved unless it is diluted with washing water and crushed; in fact, dilution is essential in this process. The inventor struggled to decide how to concentrate the stock solution diluted with washing water and dilution water, but the name of the invention in Japanese Patent No. 1220123 of the same inventor was obtained during the development of catalytic oxidation water treatment device 1. When water is passed through a tank filled with contact material (15), that is, flat small lumps of laminated synthetic resin mesh that floats on water, the strands of the mesh of contact material (15) are removed, similar to the effect of sand filtration or the swash plate of a sedimentation tank. The problem was solved by taking advantage of the fact that fine particles are deposited on the mesh and removed more effectively than in water.

In addition, it has been recently reported that the density and contact efficiency of anaerobic bacteria can be increased by filling the anaerobic reaction tank with fluidized particles, crushed stone, honeycomb contact material, laminated plate contact material, etc. and flowing the treated water. This contact anaerobic treatment is being reconsidered in universities and research institutes, as it is said that the performance will be significantly improved even in a shorter period of time and at lower temperatures. ) has been attracting increasing attention. The inventor discovered that the same contact material (15) was used to concentrate organic fine particles (
This invention was developed because it can be used for both filtration (in terms of water) and anaerobic treatment. The details will be explained below using figures.

FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal cross-section showing an example of this concentration and anaerobic common treatment tank (1), and the plan view (not shown) is circular or polygonal. 5 different from conventional anaerobic treatment tanks,
The lower tank (2) is the sedimentation part (3) and the filtration part (two-dot broken line x ink pad/4
) Consists of a gas storage (5), an air and sediment separation section (6), and an upper tank (7), a water seal tube (8) for pressurizing the generated gas, and an upper tank filtration section (double-dashed x mark, 9). ), a stirrer (10) to generate a circulating water flow, and a drop lid (12) made of foam material that floats on the water surface to prevent heat radiation from the top water surface (11), etc., resulting in a height increase. A semi-underground structure is preferable because it is a device with a high level of water intrusion.If the water intrusion is below fi 1001-no, a concrete pipe that can be transported by land is used for the lower underground structure, which is advantageous due to its low cost and shortened construction period. The upper part is made of iron and the inside is lined with rubber, etc., which is good for corrosive gases.

For large sizes of 100 tons or more, the diameter should be increased and the height reduced.

It is advantageous to have a separate gas storage tank and the height can be lowered, but the basic structure is not much different from the example shown, but since it exceeds the dimensions for land transport, it must be assembled on site.

The ceiling plate (13) of the lower tank (2) is the bottom plate (13) of the upper tank (7).
), and the water in the upper tank (7) is connected to the lower water surface of the lower tank (2) through the water seal pipe (8) in the center, and the water is connected to the ceiling plate (13) of the lower tank (2) and the lower tank. The space between the water surface (14) of the tank is the gas reservoir (5). The contact material (15) is a small flat rectangular block of a synthetic resin laminated network that floats on water, as shown in the perspective view of Figure 3, and has thermal welding points (16) to hold it flat and to make it into a laminated body. It has at its center. Contact material (1
The filling point in 5) is the periphery of the lower tank (2) and the upper layer (7), excluding the center, and has a droplet at the bottom of each area indicated by the double-dashed x mark, which can move even with slight changes in water flow. Therefore, each of the contact materials (15) is filled in such a manner that they can naturally pile up and float.

``The center of the upper tank (7) and lower tank (2) of this treatment tank (1) serves as a passage for the circulating water flow (arrow 17) and the circulating water flow in the opposite direction (arrow 18), and most of the inside of the lower tank is This reduces the amount of sludge rolled up by the water flow, and even in the case of an upward water flow (17), most of the sludge can settle, and the three large-diameter sludge separation sections (17)
9) is good, and below it is the perforated pipe (20) and the unexpanded part (21
) is connected to the bottom perforated plate (22). These porous materials (20) (21 x 22) have a large amount of sludge attached to the contact material (15) and sink to the bottom of the water tank (3), causing circulation water flow (17
) to prevent it from entering the sludge separation section (19). There is an umbrella-shaped baffle plate (23) at the bottom of the sludge separation part (19) for collecting generated gas, and a small hole (25) in the middle of the separation part (19) is connected to the gas vent pipe (24) in the center. )(
25) There is a funnel-shaped baffle on the umbrella-shaped baffle plate (23) that moves in the direction of the dashed line arrow (26) and collects the gas in the storage part (5) and guides it to the outside through the gas outlet (27). Board (
28) serves as a guide plate for the rising gas in the outer circumferential direction and also as a guide for settling sludge. The sludge separation section (19) is connected to the small-diameter stirring pipe (29) at the top, but the separation section (19)
) A supply water pipe (30) opens at the top of the pipe (30).
0) Separates the air that is included in the pump due to empty pumping, etc.
The inside of the stirring tube (29) is raised and extracted from the top of the tank, and the generated gas (
It also has the role of preventing contamination with the arrow 26).

Circulating water flows (17) and (18) flow through the impeller (
31) occurs due to forward or reverse rotation.

The number (32) is an electric motor with a reduction gear.

The upper part of the stirring pipe (29) opens below the water surface of the upper tank (2),
It is connected to a removable stirrer (10), and the water flows in and out through the gap water inlet (33) of the stirrer (10).

There is a short-circuit prevention tube (34) around the stirrer (10), the lower part of which is a perforated plate (35), and the upper tank (2) above it.
A relatively shallow amount of contact material (15) is filled around the periphery of the contact material (15) so as to be confined between the upper perforated plate (36), but this amount of filling also allows each of the contact materials (15) to move. Blank space (3
7) Let it happen. A supply or overflow pipe (38) is connected to the upper tank wall above the perforated plate (36), and a supply pipe or discharge water pipe (39) is connected to the upper tank wall between the bottom plate (13) and the perforated plate (35).
This water pipe (39) has a branch pipe (40),
It is sucked into the Rhinobo knob (41), and this discharge pipe (dotted line 4
2), the filtration part (4) of the lower tank is opened by opening it in the tangential direction around the center of the lower tank and driving the line pump (41).
) to generate a strong swirling water flow to wash the contact material (15). A porous pipe (43) is placed at a certain interval from the outer circumference of the water seal pipe (8) starting from the bottom plate (13) of the earthen tank (2).
is provided to prevent the contact material (15) from entering the water seal tube (8).

The number (44) is a manhole (44) for filling the contact material (15), and a blowing steam pipe (45) for heating is also required. Also prepare a sludge drain pipe (46) that opens at the deepest center of the bottom of the lower tank (3) to extract sludge, sand, etc. The appropriate external dimensions of the contact material (15) are 30 to 80 mm on 5 sides. A rectangular flat shape with a thickness of 10 to 30 mm, a mesh interval of 2 to 8 mm, and a number of laminated meshes of about 3 to 10 is considered to be optimal.

We will begin the explanation assuming that the treatment has been completed and the concentration process has been completed in Black Tank 2, but in advance, the residual gas has been removed from each gas vent pipe (27), and then the high-temperature digestive liquid from Tank 1 is removed. Open the valve (47) connecting the sludge pipe (46) to send the sludge to the sludge tank (48) and the anaerobic tank (No. 1).
) to remove undecomposed sediment, sand, etc. After the extraction is completed, the valve (47) is closed. When the supply water pot (49) connected to the supply water pipe (30) of the concentration tank (No. 2) is stopped, the water contained in the concentration tank (Kan 2) flows back into the stock solution storage tank (No. 2).
), but in this case, the pump (49) should not be equipped with a check valve, etc., and a centrifugal pump or the like is preferable, in which the pop (49) will flow backwards due to the pressure on the discharge side when the operation stops.

The amount of water extracted from both tanks (m 1 , Nci2 ) is stopped at the top of each upper tank (7) and perforated plate (35). The purpose of this operation is to prevent the water levels (11) at the ends of both tanks (NQl, l'h2) from rising and overflowing to the outside during liquid transfer. Next, the sludge pot (5) of the sludge tank (48)
1) to operate the supply overflow pipe (3) of the upper tank of the concentration tank (2).
In 8), when the high-temperature sludge is sent to the upper layer of the thickening tank to serve as a backwash for the filling filtration part (9) of the upper contact material (15), the liquid in the thickening tank (stated 2) is at a low temperature, and this low-temperature liquid is a water seal tube (8
) to the filtration part (4) filled with contact material (15), but when the hot water in the sludge tank (48) runs out, the supply water pipe (30) of the thickening tank (No. 2) is connected. valve(
52) - When (60) is closed, the valve (53) of the supply water pipe (30) of the anaerobic tank (no. 1) is opened, and the stock solution pump (49) is operated, the low temperature stock solution to be concentrated is transferred to the anaerobic tank ( The sludge flows from the top to the bottom of the sludge settling part (19) of the magnet 1), but due to the low temperature, it immediately reaches the bottom part (3) of the lower tank (2).
Once the water is filled, the high-temperature anaerobic water is pushed upwards, and at the same time the upper tank (2) of both tanks (1st and 2nd) is filled with pipe (39) of (2) and connecting pipe (54) of (39). When the valve (55) is opened, the hot water in the upper part of the anaerobic tank (No. 1) flows into the concentration tank (No. 2) through the connecting pipe (54), passes through the water sealing pipe (8), and is filled with contact material (15). The low-temperature concentrated water is pushed down from the top to the bottom of the filtration part (4), passes through the stopped pump (49) from the supply water pipe (30), and returns to the stock solution tank (50).
It is mixed with fresh stock solution and pumped into the anaerobic tank (ffil) by the feed water pump (49'). Thus, when the temperature of the water inside the connecting pipe (54) suddenly starts to drop, the valve (55) is closed.
>If the connection is cut off and the water level rises to near the overflow pipes (38) (38) at the top of both tanks (lkl, patient 2), the anaerobic tank (lkl, patient 2) will be closed.
) valve (56) and the valve (5) leading to the treated water storage tank (57)
8), open all water pipes (38) of the concentration tank (patient 2).
39) (30) (46) Connection valve to others (59) (55
) (60X61), and the sludge pump (51) is also stopped.

A check valve (62) is provided at the discharge port of the sludge pump (51) to prevent backflow when the sludge pump (51) is not in operation.

Through the above operations, almost all of the high-temperature water containing large amounts of anaerobic bacteria in the previous anaerobic tank (Katsu 1) is transferred to the concentration tank (Description 2), and the temperature is slightly lowered (5 to 10°C). This means that the heat was exchanged to a much higher temperature than during concentration. Therefore, the amount of steam blown into it to raise it to a predetermined temperature is only a few minutes smaller than when no heat exchange is performed.
Since the density of anaerobic bacteria is high, the stirrer (10) is turned,
If circulating water flows (18) or (17) are provided, the degree of contact can be further improved and the anaerobic treatment reaction can be further improved. The sludge that settles at the bottom during concentration is transferred to the sludge separation section (19
) is outflowed from the upper discharge pipe (30), and is hardly lifted up by the water flow. Conventional anaerobic tank (No, l)
In this case, the concentrate to be concentrated is continuously pumped in by the concentrate pump (49), or as it passes upward from the bottom (3) of the lower tank (2), the contact material (15) of the filtration part (4) , the organic matter deposits are removed, and the purified (organic matter removed) water enters the upper tank through the upper water seal pipe (8) and passes through the perforated plate. (35)
If the collagen solution contains a large amount of organic matter, the overflow pipe passes through the refiltration section (9) of the upper tank (2) and becomes clogged even with the coarse contact material (15), causing problems in water flow. Therefore, backwashing is performed in the same way as sand filtration, but in this case, the water flow (arrow 17
), the line pop (41) is operated to generate a strong swirling water flow inside the filtration part (4), and the contact material (1) is generated.
5) Rinse vigorously by pushing diagonally downwards, and rinse with water (
At step 17), the separated organic matter is poured out to the bottom of the water tank (3) and sent into the sludge separation section (19).

The detached material is a collection of small organic particles, and most of it does not return to its original form even after a small amount of washing, but it is a group of particles that are very easy to settle, and it settles and accumulates on the bottom of the aquarium. It is sufficient to operate the Rhinobo knob (41) and stirring 1 (to) (7) i movement for a short time, and once the contact material (15) of the filtration part (4) is unclogged, gentle water filtration can be performed again. Concentration is completed when the bottom (3) of the tank is filled by repeating this operation several times, but more can be fed into the tank by press-fitting. The determination is made based on the composition of the supplied stock solution and overflow water, the number of processing days, the number of washings, etc.

The treated water is transferred to the aerobic biological treatment device (63).
4) and then subjected to aerobic treatment and discharged. At this time, the sludge generated in the aerobic treatment is also extracted together with water and returned to the stock solution tank (50), and the sludge is separated and concentrated in the same way as the processing of the stock solution, and foreign organic matter such as excrement is mixed. It is said that the anaerobic treatment will then work more effectively.

The number (65) in Figure 2 is a storage tank for combustible gas generated during anaerobic treatment, and the number (66) is the anaerobic tank (lkl) (1"
This is a boiler that obtains blown steam for heating of kt2).

This concludes the explanation of its action, but the fourth effect of this action is - The contact material (15), that is, the filter material (1
5) Instead of using a heavy filter medium such as sand to filter the water and concentrate the removed substances, we use a filter medium made of laminated small aggregates of synthetic resin with a rough mesh that floats on the water, resulting in high pollution. Even with water, blockages are avoided as much as possible, and even if blockages occur, backwashing is carried out by operating the pot (41) and agitator (10), and the peeled sludge is stopped in the tank and accumulated and concentrated.On the other hand, the water to be treated is After filtering to remove organic particles,
The aerobic sludge generated at this time is sent to the aerobic treatment equipment (64 tanks) in the next process to increase treatment efficiency, omit settling tanks, etc., and reduce the troublesomeness of sludge treatment and the simplicity of the entire equipment. At the end of the measurement and concentration, the high temperature energy in the anaerobic tank and the entire amount of anaerobic bacteria seeds are exchanged with the low temperature water in the concentration tank without forming a membrane under air exclusion, so it can be said that anaerobic operation has just started. The density of anaerobic bacteria is also very high, and the organic matter in the stock solution is sufficiently concentrated and increased, and the presence of the contact material (15) makes the anaerobic reaction more effective, and anaerobic decomposition is completed within a short period of time. means that even if the total amount of gas generated remains unchanged, the amount of gas generated over a certain period increases in inverse proportion, and it is thought that the amount of heat dissipated from the anaerobic tank is more than compensated for.
0°C) is also likely to be adopted as a dog.

For dilute stock solutions that require three days to concentrate, the number of concentration tanks may be increased, and if medium temperature anaerobic treatment takes five days, the number may be increased, etc. The ratio does not necessarily have to be one to one. The above method can be said to be energy-saving and cost-saving, since everything is done by only short-term operation of the popper (41) and stirrer (10) and valve operation at intervals of several days, and there is no risk of malfunction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a concentration and anaerobic treatment tank as an example of the present invention. Figure 2 is a sheet explaining a series of actions. Third
The figure is a perspective view of an example of a contact material (15). (1) Concentration and anaerobic treatment tank (2) Lower tank (3
)・Sedimentation section (4)...Filtration section (5)...Gas storage section (6)...Separation section (7)...Lower tank (8)...
Water seal pipe (9)...Upper filtration section (10)...Agitator (11)...Water surface at the top (12)...Foam drop lid (13)...Ceiling plate of lower tank ( 14)...Water surface of the lower tank (15)...Contact material (17) (18)...Direction of circulating water flow (19)...Sludge separation section (20) (2
1) (22)...Porous material (23)...Gas baffle plate (24)...Gas vent pipe (25)...Small hole (26)
)... Gas venting direction (27)... Gas outlet (2
8) Baffle plate (29) Stirring tube (30)
... Supply water pipe (31) ... Stirring impeller (33) ...
Gap water inlet (34) -- Short circuit prevention pipe (35) (36
)...Perforated plate (38)...Overflow pipe (39)...Supply and discharge pipe (40)...Branch pipe (41)...Line pump (42)...(41) Discharge pipe (43)
... Porous pipe (45) ... Steam pipe (46) ... Sludge removal pipe (47) (52) (53) (55) (56) (58
)(59)(60n(61)...Valve(48)Sludge tank
(49) (49) "' Supply water pump (50)... Raw solution storage tank (51)... Sludge pump (54)... Connecting pipe (57)... Aerobic treated water storage tank (62) ... Check valve (63) ... Pump (64) ... Aerobic biological treatment device (65) ... Gas storage tank (66) ... Wheeler

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A vertical aquarium with a circular or polygonal horizontal cross section is provided with an intermediate partition plate to divide it into two upper and lower tanks, and the water in the upper tank is opened below the water surface of the lower tank through a water seal pipe that goes downwards from the intermediate partition plate. The intermediate partition plate is used as the ceiling cover of the lower tank, and the space between this ceiling cover and the water surface of the lower tank is used as a extraction point for flammable gas generated during anaerobic treatment. A connecting water pipe is installed that penetrates the bottom of the water tank, and the water flow generation stirring impeller in this water pipe is rotated in forward and reverse directions or stopped to obtain a circulating water flow in the forward and reverse directions within the entire tank as necessary. An anaerobic filter bed water treatment device having a structure in which both tanks or only the lower tank are filled with an appropriate amount of contact material in the form of small laminated mesh blocks that float on water, and discharge and supply water pipes are provided in each of the upper and lower tanks. (2) The upper space of the closed water tank filled with an appropriate amount of contact material consisting of laminated mesh small lumps floating on water is used as a point for extracting generated gas;
A set of two water tanks of the same shape with gas venting, water supply, and drainage pipes is set, one tank is used as a concentration tank for organic particles in the water to be treated, and the other tank is used as an anaerobic treatment tank, each suitable for this purpose. After connecting each piping and completing the concentration and anaerobic treatment, operate the valves and operate the liquid transfer pump to exchange most of the contents of each other. A set of anaerobic filter bed water treatment equipment in which the anaerobic treatment tank is converted into a concentration treatment tank and is combined so that the treatment purpose can be changed alternately.