JPS61119674A - Wear resistant parts for bicycle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve wear resistance and impact resistance by forming three- layer hardened layers consisting of TiC, TiCN and TiN or hardened Al2O3 layer on the surface of the ball retainer of a ball bearing, pulley bushing, etc. of a bicycle. CONSTITUTION:The wear resistant parts such as the ball retainer of the ball bearing and pulley bushing of the bicycle are machined by a die steel to form a blank body 10 for the parts. The body is subjected to hardening, grinding and polishing and is then put into a reaction furnace where said body is heated to 900-1,100 deg.C. Evaporated TiCl4 and gaseous H2CCH4 as a carrier gas are mixedly introduced into the furnace and the TiC21 formed by the gaseous phase reaction of these gases is deposited by evaporation to the above-mentioned body to 2-30mu thickness. A TiN layer 23 is then deposited by evaporation on the layer 21 to 2-30mu thickness by the similar method using gaseous N2 in place of CH4. A TiCN layer 22 is formed at the intermediate by the reaction of both layers 21, 23 to form the hardened layer 2 consisting of the three layers. The hardened layer consisting of the single phase 24 of the hard Al2O3 may be otherwise formed by using a gaseous mixture composed of AlCl3, H2 and CO2 as the reactive gas.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to wear-resistant parts for bicycles, specifically, a cone of a lower ball bearing provided between the lower end of a head pipe and a front fork, and a rear derailleur. The present invention relates to wear-resistant parts for bicycles that require wear resistance, such as pulley bushes for chain guides and chain guides for front derailleurs.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, in bicycles, wear-resistant parts such as the ball bearings and the boolie bushings are generally made of a wear-resistant base material such as SUJ (bearing steel). , the component body formed into a component shape is heated to a high temperature, for example, 1
By heating and quenching to a high temperature of 000°C, the surface of the component body is hardened (HRC80-82), making the surface a wear-resistant surface.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in particular, the load acting on the front side of the bicycle in the longitudinal direction is concentrated on the ball pusher of the lower ball bearing provided between the lower end of the head pipe and the front fork. For example, when the bicycle vibrates greatly while riding the bicycle, impressions are formed on the contact surface of the convex ball with the sphere, resulting in a problem in which the rotatability of the handle stem deteriorates. Furthermore, in the case of wear-resistant parts such as the pulley bushes and chain guides, it has not been possible to allow them to wear out beyond a certain amount for a certain amount of time.

It is an object of the present invention to solve the problem of indentations being formed on the ball pushers in the ball bearings, or the time required for the pulley block, chain guide, etc. to wear out beyond a certain amount of time. This method utilizes vaporized metal halide and deposits the metal halide to form T iCs TTlNlTiCNlAi Os
By forming at least one coating layer of the above, it is possible to obtain a bicycle component that has a very high zero degree and has very high wear resistance and i-impact resistance.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for applying a mixed gas of a reactive gas and a vaporized metal halide to the surface of a component body made of a heat-resistant base material descended into the shape of a component at a high temperature. A predetermined thickness of T r Cs T IN is deposited by vapor phase reaction on the surface of the component body.
A single or composite coating layer of 1T r CN N A I *Os is formed.

(Function) A component body made of a heat-resistant base material is heated to a high temperature in a high-temperature atmosphere.
For example, the component element body is heated to a high temperature of 800 to 1800°C, and a mixed gas of a reaction gas and a vaporized metal halide is supplied into the high temperature atmosphere, and the mixed gas is vapor-deposited by a high temperature vapor phase reaction. Surface +: T+Cv TiN5 T
At least one coating layer of iCN5 Aim Ol is formed.

(Example) The wear-resistant part (1) shown in Fig. 1 is the ball bearing (G) installed between the lower end of the head pipe (HP) and the front fork (FH) of a bicycle as shown in Fig. 3. This ball pusher 1) is subjected to a concentrated load acting on the front side in the longitudinal direction of the bicycle, and friction occurs between it and the sphere (B), so the ball receiving surface It is easy to wear out, and since a large impact force is applied due to vibrations when riding a bicycle, impressions are likely to be formed on the ball receiving surface.

Therefore, this conduit is formed using 5KDII (dice steel), which has particularly high heat resistance and wear resistance among heat-resistant base materials, and the 5KDII is cut to form the component shape. A body (10) is formed, and this component element body (1
A mixed gas of a reactive gas and a vaporized metal halide was deposited on the surface of the component body (10) by a high-temperature gas phase reaction.
) with a predetermined thickness of TiC (titanium carbide) and TiN (
TiCN (titanium nitride), TiCN (titanium nitride), A1. O,
Single or composite coating layer of (aluminum oxide) (
2).

This footing (2) is formed in the reaction furnace by placing the component body (10) into a reaction furnace that is heated to a high temperature by heating means such as a heating furnace. In one embodiment, a TiC coating layer (21
) and T1CN coachin'jm (22) and TiN coachin'jm (22) and TiN coachin'jm (22) and TiN coachin'jm (22) and TiN coachin'jm (22) and TiN coachin'jm (22) Create a three-layer structure with J(23).

However, in forming the coating layer (2) of the lever, before forming the coating layer, the component body (10) is previously quenched to remove distortion of the base material structure due to cutting, and then this quenching process is performed. Ball bearing surface (10a) in the subsequent component body
After polishing, the component body (10) is placed in the reactor and heated to a high temperature of 900 to 1100°C in the reactor.

Then, Ticl<(titanium tetrachloride) is vaporized in a vaporizer, and this vaporized Ticl4 is mixed with a reaction gas that also serves as a carrier gas of 2 Hl (hydrogen) and CH4 (methane). A mixed gas is supplied in the reactor, and the (Ticl4), (H3), and (CH4) are reacted in a gas phase on the surface of the component body (10) in the reactor to form (Ticl4). ) and C ions (CH4) are vaporized on the surface of the component body (10), and a T of 2 to 30μ is applied to the surface of the component body (10).
iC coating! (21), and further the above 2H,
, CH, using a nitriding reaction gas that also serves as a carrier gas for 2H, , N, (nitrogen), and mixing this nitriding reaction gas with the vaporized Ticl<,
The mixed gas is supplied into the reactor, and the TiC coating layer (
21) On the surface, the above (TIC14), (2H,) and (N
, ) are caused to react in a gas phase to form ions of (Ticl4) and (
TiN with N ions of N, ) is deposited on the surface of the TiC coating layer (21), and this TiC coating! A TiN coating layer (23) of 2 to 30 μm is formed on the surface of (21), and the (Ticln) and (
The TiC coating layer (21
) A T1CN coating 8 (22) is formed between the TiC coating layer (21) and the TiN coating layer (23) by a gas phase reaction on the surface, resulting in a 3Pj coating layer as a whole.

By doing so, the s T r C footing layer (2
1)+7) Hardness HV 35001T i N Co-+
The hardness of the coating layer (23) can be made as high as HV2400 to 2800, and the TiN coating layer (23) can improve oxidation resistance and prevent rust. Therefore, even if friction occurs between the spheres when the load is concentrated on the front side in the longitudinal direction of the bicycle, the ball bearing surface of the ball pusher 1) is extremely resistant to wear, and more than a certain amount This allows the wear time to be significantly lengthened, and furthermore, even if the bicycle vibrates greatly while riding, it is possible to prevent impressions from being formed on the ball bearing surface.

In addition, since it has high oxidation resistance and is difficult to rust, even if the bead 1) gets wet with rain water, the bead 1) can be prevented from rusting for a long period of time.

Note that the wear-resistant parts formed as described above may be used without any post-treatment, but the coating layer (2) may be used without any post-treatment.
) is preferably quenched and tempered. The reason why the above-mentioned hardening is preferable is that the coating layer (2) has a thin thickness on the order of microns. (10) This is to increase the surface hardness of the material itself.

In addition, the component body (10) is mainly made of 5KDll, but other materials such as special steel, SK (J4M
), SUH (heat resistant a), steel materials such as carbon steel, cemented carbide, heat resistant base materials such as ceramic 7x, in other words,
Any base material may be used as long as it can withstand a temperature higher than the temperature at which the mixed gas undergoes a high-temperature gas phase reaction.

Further, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the coating layer (2) formed on the surface of the component body (lO) has a single layer structure of only the T i C coating fi (21).

The formation of this TiC coating layer (21)
TIC coating J! in Examples 1 (21), detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in the case of this single layer structure, especially the TiC coating layer (
21) is adopted because the T i C coating layer (
This is because 21) has the highest hardness. In this case,
TiC coating 31 (21) has slightly inferior oxidation resistance, so it is recommended for wear-resistant parts that require oxidation resistance.
For example, the surface of the TiC coating ff (21) is treated to improve its oxidation resistance.

In addition, in the third practical example, the coating layer (2) formed on the surface of the purple part' was A1. It has a single layer structure consisting of only O, (aluminum oxide) coating fl (23).

In this case, a pulley bush (3) of a chain guide in a rear derailleur is formed using cemented carbide or ceramic as a heat-resistant base material, for example, as shown in FIG. is lowered to form a part-shaped component body (30), and this component body (30) is formed into a part-shaped component body (30).
0) is placed in the reactor with or without quenching treatment and heated to a high temperature of 800 to 1400 ° C in the reactor to vaporize AlCl5 (aluminum chloride) in the vaporizer W, and this vaporized AlCl, is mixed with a reaction gas that also serves as a carrier gas of 2H, Co, (carbon dioxide gas), and this mixed gas is supplied into the reactor, and the component element body (30) is heated in the reactor. On the surface of the above (AIC
I, ), (H3), and (Co, ) are reacted in a gas phase to form AI
.

0 is vaporized on the surface of the component body (30), and 2 to 30μ of A1. O,
coating! (24) is formed.

By doing so, it was possible to achieve a high hardness of HV2000 to 2500.

In addition, after coating (2) of the present invention, T rCs T
It may be iN+ TtCN, Ale Os alone or in combination.

Further, in the case of a composite structure, the structure is not limited to that of the first embodiment.

In addition, the wear-resistant parts of the present invention are the seventh,
As shown in Figure 8, the pulley C in the chain guide
Insert block (4) that rests in the shaft hole of P), parts with sliding parts such as the chain guide of the front derailleur, the teeth of the change gear, ball bearings and hubs that support the crankshaft (not shown) It may also be a part with a ball bearing surface, such as a bearing part.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention provides a component body made of a heat-resistant base material,
Using a vaporized metal halide and a reaction gas that reacts with the metal halide, a mixed gas of the reaction gas and the metal halide is evaporated onto the surface of the component body through a high-temperature gas phase reaction, A predetermined thickness of T r C1 is applied to the surface of this component body.
By forming a single or mixed coating layer of T r CN s A 1803, for example, by forming a single coating layer of TiC, it is possible to achieve a high hardness of HV3500, with extremely high wear resistance and impact resistance. This makes it possible to form wear-resistant parts for bicycles. Therefore, for example, in the case of a ball bearing installed between the lower end of the head pipe and the front fork, even if friction occurs between the ball and the ball when the load is concentrated on the front side in the longitudinal direction of the bicycle, It is possible to increase the cumulative time for the ball bearing surface of the ball pusher to wear out to a certain amount or more, and furthermore, even if the bicycle vibrates greatly when riding the bicycle,
It is possible to prevent impressions from being formed on the ball receiving surface, and it is possible to smoothly rotate rotating members such as the handle stem for a long period of time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing one embodiment of the wear-resistant part of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part, Fig. 3 is an explanatory view showing the state of use, and Figs. 4 to 8. 4 and 6 are enlarged sectional views of essential parts, FIGS. 5 and 7 are perspective views, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the state of use. (10) (30)... Part element body (2)...
・・Coach ink layer (21)・・・・TiC coating (23)・
...TiN coating layer (22) old...T1
CN coating notification (24)...A1.03 coating location Figure 3 Figure 4 City Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7

Claims (1)

[Claims] A mixed gas of a reactive gas and a vaporized metal halide is deposited by high-temperature vapor phase reaction onto the surface of a component body made of a heat-resistant base material descended into the shape of a component, and a predetermined thickness is deposited on the surface of the component body. A wear-resistant part for a bicycle, characterized in that a single or composite coating layer of TiC, TiN, TiCN, and Al_2O_3 is formed.