JPS6111410A - Valve device of opening and closing mechanism in prime mover - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a device to continuously control the opening lift of a valve and its timing in accordance with the speed of an engine, by enabling the device to continuously control the discharged quantity of oil from a pressure oil chamber in an oil hydraulic lifter. CONSTITUTION:A device, transmitting the pressure of oil generated by a piston 4 driven by a cam 3 to a valve through oil in a cylinder 5, controls the valve to be opened and closed. The cylinder 5 connects an oil discharge passage providing a main discharge oil regulating valve 15 and a subdischarge oil regulating valve 16. The device, in which a discharge quantity of oil is continuously regulated by regulating the main discharge oil regulating valve 15 under a condition that the subdischarge oil regulating valve 16 is closed, can continuously control a lift distance of the valve and its timing, thus enabling these lift and timing to be controlled to an optimum value in accordance with the speed of an engine.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a valve opening/closing mechanism device for a prime mover, and more specifically, a piston that slides in a cylinder by a piston driving member, and a side surface of the cylinder that can adjust the amount of oil discharged from the cylinder. The present invention relates to a valve opening/closing mechanism device comprising a hole and a hydraulic pressure generating portion communicating with the above-mentioned cylinder. In this type of reciprocating prime mover, in order to obtain high output, the valve opening/closing timing of the intake valve and exhaust valve is opened early and closed late, and the lift amount of the valve is increased. High output was ensured by increasing the diameter of each valve. Therefore, during low-speed rotation, the intake flow rate during the intake stroke becomes slow, making it difficult for swirls to occur within the cylinder. As a result, combustion becomes unstable during idling or low-speed rotation, resulting in a drawback that torque at low-speed rotation becomes small. In order to overcome this drawback, a valve opening/closing mechanism device was proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 58-204272 by the same applicant as the present applicant, in which the valve opening/closing timing and valve lift amount of each valve are varied by the rotation of the prime mover. This proposal consists of a piston that slides inside the cylinder by a piston drive member, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional diagram in Figure 1, a hole on the side of the cylinder that can adjust the amount of oil discharged from the cylinder, and a hole connected to the cylinder described above. By switching the main discharge oil regulating valve 15 in this device between the open and closed positions, the repulsive force of the valve spring is applied to the oil remaining in the cylinder. The timing at which hydraulic pressure is generated has been changed. Therefore, the valve opening/closing timing and valve lift amount of the intake valve and exhaust valve change depending on low speed rotation and high speed rotation, and the valve opening/closing mechanism device that covers both the characteristics of low speed rotation high torque type and high speed rotation high output type is designed as a valve opening/closing mechanism device. objective was achieved. However, the valve opening/closing timing and lift amount suitable for the medium speed rotation range could not be obtained.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to improve the main discharge oil regulating valve 1 of the valve opening/closing mechanism device proposed previously.
By variable steplessly or stepwise from the open position to the closed position, the valve opening/closing timing and valve lift amount suitable for each rotation can be secured, and the piston can be repeatedly driven by the piston driving member during high speed rotation. A valve opening/closing method that prevents the intake valve or exhaust valve from being pushed open when the piston drive member is not driving the piston by providing a passage for discharging the amount of oil in the cylinder that heats up and expands to the outside of the cylinder. The purpose is to provide mechanical devices. Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 3 denotes a piston driving member, and in this embodiment, a cam is used. 4 is a piston driven by the piston driving member 3, and the received driving force is transferred to the cylinder 5.
Generates hydraulic pressure in addition to the oil inside. 5 is a cylinder with two holes on the side that can adjust the amount of oil discharged from the cylinder. 14 is a suction valve. Reference numeral 15 is a main discharge oil regulating valve located on the side of the cylinder, which moves steplessly or stepwise from a fully open position at low speed rotation to a fully open position at high speed rotation, and controls the oil in the cylinder by varying its opening area. Variable emission amount steplessly or stepwise. Reference numeral 16 denotes a sub-discharge oil regulating valve, which is opened when variable cylinders are used to save fuel consumption in a multi-cylinder type prime mover and discharges oil in the cylinder. , be careful not to push the exhaust valve open. In addition, the above-mentioned main discharge oil regulating valve 15 and sub-discharge oil regulating valve 16 are connected to, for example, the throttle valve of the carburetor and are not shown). opens outside the cylinder 5. Further, the opening position in the cylinder 5 is such that it is opened when the piston drive member 3 does not drive the piston 4, and is closed by the piston 4 in the initial stage of driving the piston 4, and it is possible to install one or more openings. Further, this communication passage has a lubricating effect between the cylinder 5 and the piston 4. As for other communication path positions, a method as shown in FIG. 4 can also be considered.

Reference numerals 35 and 36 indicate intake valves when there are two intake valves per cylinder (Fig. 5). Furthermore, 3- in Figure 5
1 and 3-2 are the cams of the piston driving member, 3-1 is set to a cam profile that supports from low speed rotation to medium speed rotation range, and 3-2 is set to have a cam profile from medium speed rotation range to high speed rotation range. The receiver is set to a cam profile for holding. 37 is a hole opened to the sub-discharge oil regulating valve 16-2.

The operation of the valve opening/closing mechanism device according to the present invention with the above configuration will be explained.

1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional explanatory views of the valve opening/closing mechanism device at the time of filing of the earlier application, but the present invention is based on the main discharge oil regulating valve 1.
The main discharge oil regulating valve can be adjusted stepwise or stepwise by varying the position of 5 from the fully open position at low speed rotation shown in Figure 2 to the fully open position at high speed rotation shown in Figure 1, depending on the rotational speed of the prime mover. By varying the opening area of the hole 15, the amount of oil discharged from the inside of the cylinder 5 to the outside of the cylinder 5 when the piston driving member 3 drives the piston 4 can be varied steplessly or stepwise according to the rotational speed of the prime mover. Therefore, the piston driving member 3 drives the piston 4, and the timing at which hydraulic pressure is generated in the oil in the cylinder 5, which exceeds the valve springs of the intake valve and the exhaust valve, can be varied depending on the rotational speed of the prime mover. Therefore, the valve opening/closing timing and valve lift amount of the intake valve and exhaust valve can be varied depending on the rotation speed of the prime mover, and as a result, the original purpose of improving the torque, output, and fuel efficiency of the prime mover can be effectively achieved. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the main discharge oil regulating valve 15 is fully closed during high-speed rotation, but the invention is not limited to this, and the piston driving member 3 repeatedly drives the piston 4 to stop the valve before fully closing. When the oil heats up and expands, by discharging the expanded amount out of the cylinder 5 through the opening of the main discharge oil regulating valve 15 before it is fully closed, the oil expands when the piston driving member 3 is not driving the piston 4. This prevents the oil in the cylinder 5 from pushing open the intake valve and exhaust valve.

Another method for preventing the expanded oil in the cylinder 5 from pushing open the intake valve and exhaust valve is to open one end of the cylinder 5 into the cylinder 5 and open the other end of the cylinder 5, as shown in FIG.
By providing one or more communication passages 34 that are open to the outside, the expanded oil can be discharged from the communication passages to the outside of the cylinder 5 when the piston drive member 3 is not driving the piston 4, and the above-mentioned main discharge oil regulating valve can be used. Similar to the method of stopping cylinder 15 before it is fully opened, the oil in expanded cylinder 5 causes the suction valve to
This prevents the exhaust valve from being pushed open.

As described above, the present invention makes it possible to vary the valve opening/closing timing and lift amount of the intake valve and exhaust valve by varying the main discharge oil regulating valve, which regulates the discharge amount of oil in the cylinder, either steplessly or stepwise. As a result, it is possible to vary the torque steplessly or stepwise from a high torque of -7 at low speed rotation to a high output at high speed rotation. Further, according to the present invention, by discharging the expansion of oil due to heat generated by the oil in the cylinder to the outside of the cylinder through one or more communicating passages, it is possible to prevent the intake valve and the exhaust valve from being forced open.

Although the above-mentioned embodiment has been described in detail for the case where there is one suction valve per cylinder, the invention is not limited to this example. For example, in the case of a prime mover with two suction valves per cylinder, two suction valves may be used. By providing the above-mentioned valve opening/closing mechanism device in 35.36 (Fig. 5), the main discharge oil regulating valve 15-1.15=2 and the sub-discharge oil regulating valve 1B-
By performing various combinations of opening and closing of 1°16-2, various valve opening and closing timings as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 can be obtained. For example, the valve opening/closing timing in FIG.
The 5 side opens and closes the valve suitable for the range from idling to medium speed rotation. At this time, even if the sub-discharge oil regulating valve 16-2 on the second suction valve 36 side is opened and the piston 4-2 in the cylinder 5=8-12 continues to be driven by the piston driving member 3-2, the sub-discharge oil is discharged. By discharging the oil in the cylinder 5-2 to the outside of the cylinder 5-2 through the hole 37 opened in the oil regulating valve 16-2, the second suction valve 36 continues to remain closed. Therefore, since the main discharge oil regulating valve 15-1 is also open from idling to low speed rotation, a large amount of oil in the cylinder 5-1 is discharged, and as a result, the valve opening/closing timing of the first intake valve 35 is delayed. Since it opens wide and closes early, the intake air flow speed into the combustion chamber increases and a sufficient vortex is generated, ensuring stable and rapid combustion within the combustion chamber and ensuring high torque. Furthermore, as the rotation increases, the main discharge oil regulating valve 15-1 is varied steplessly or stepwise, so that the opening/closing timing of each valve can be varied steplessly or stepwise up to the medium speed rotation range. The opening/closing timing starts to open early and close late, and the valve lift also increases. Next, when the prime mover reaches a medium speed rotation range, the sub-discharge oil regulating valve 16-2 on the second suction valve 36 side closes and stops discharging the oil in the cylinder 5-2. begins to open and close.

Since the piston drive member 3-2 on the second suction valve 36 side has a cam profile set for high speed, the main discharge oil regulating valve 15-1 on the first suction valve 35 side is fully closed. The valve opening/closing timing of the second suction valve 36 opens earlier and closes later than the valve opening/closing timing when the first suction valve 35 is opened and closed. Therefore, by providing a difference in the timing of opening and closing of the two intake valves 35 and 36, a vortex is generated within the combustion chamber. Therefore, combustion occurs quickly and high output can be ensured. Next, as the engine speeds up further, the main discharge oil regulating valve 15-2 also closes steplessly or in stages to narrow the opening area, and the valve opening/closing timing opens earlier and closes later, and the amount of valve lift also decreases. It becomes even larger and can supply the necessary air-fuel mixture into the combustion chamber at high speeds. As a result, due to the air-fuel mixture sufficiently drawn into the combustion chamber and the effect of the vortex, combustion occurs quickly and high rotation and high output can be obtained. Also, although I have omitted the explanation for the exhaust valve side, by providing a valve opening/closing mechanism similar to the intake valve side, the valve opening/closing timing during low speed rotation is opened late and closed early to prevent blow-through, and to prevent blow-through during high speed rotation. In some cases, by opening early and closing late, it is possible to increase the amount of overlap with the intake valve side and improve intake and exhaust efficiency.

In the above-described embodiment, the valve opening/closing timing of the second suction valve 36 at the start of opening/closing is set to open earlier and close later than that of the first suction valve 35, but the timing is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. A method of opening and closing the valve at the same timing, or a method of opening and closing the valve so that it opens late at first and closes early, as shown in Fig. 8, and when it reaches a certain number of revolutions, it opens earlier and closes later than the first intake valve 35. can also be considered.

In addition, embodiments in which various changes have been made without departing from the technical scope of the present invention also belong to the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory diagram of the valve opening/closing mechanism device at high speed rotation when the earlier application was filed. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional explanatory diagram during low speed rotation. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a communication passage provided on the side surface of the cylinder. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the method of opening the park by passing a communication path in a different position than Figure 3. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the suction valve side of a valve opening/closing mechanism device having two suction valves per cylinder. 6 to 8 are graphs showing the opening/closing timing of the valves relative to the rotational speed of the prime mover. Further, the shaded areas in FIGS. 6 to 8 indicate the amount of vortex generated by the difference in opening and closing timing of the two suction valves. 3...Cam (including 3-1, 3-2) 4...Piston (including 4-1, 4-2) 5...Cylinder (15
-1, 15-2 included) 14... Suction valve 15... Main discharge oil regulating valve (15-1, 15-2 also included) 16... Sub-discharge oil regulating valve (1G-1, 16 -2 included) 17... Valve spring 34... Communication path 35... First suction valve 36... Second suction valve

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) It consists of a piston that slides inside the cylinder by a piston drive member, a hole on the side of the cylinder that can adjust the amount of oil discharged from the cylinder, and a hydraulic pressure generating part that communicates with the cylinder described above. The valve opening/closing mechanism device is characterized in that the main discharge oil regulating valve that can adjust the amount of oil discharged from the cylinder is variable steplessly or stepwise from a fully open position to a fully closed position according to the rotational speed of the prime mover. Valve opening/closing mechanism device. (2) The valve opening/closing mechanism device according to claim 1, wherein the main discharge oil regulating valve is structured to be able to stop a portion of the oil in the cylinder before it is fully closed during high-speed rotation and discharge a portion of the oil to the outside of the cylinder. (3) It consists of a piston that slides inside the cylinder by a piston drive member, a hole on the side of the cylinder that can adjust the amount of oil discharged from the cylinder, and a hydraulic pressure generating part that communicates with the cylinder described above. In the valve opening/closing mechanism device, one or more communicating passages are provided in the cylinder with one end opening and the other end opening outside the cylinder, and a piston driving member drives the piston to change the opening position of the communicating passage in the cylinder. A valve opening/closing mechanism device characterized in that it is opened when the piston is not in use and is closed by the piston in the initial stage of driving the piston, so that a certain amount of oil in the cylinder can be discharged during high speed rotation. (4) A valve opening/closing mechanism device characterized by a combination of claims 1 and 3.