JPS61101679A - Vertical shaft multistage hydraulic machine and operation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To restrict temperature rise in a returning path upon idling of a runner by a method wherein a water discharging pipe and a cooling water pipe are connected to the returning path communicating a lowest pressure stage with a neighboring low- pressure stage thereabove in the vertical shaft multistage hydraulic machine. CONSTITUTION:In the water wheel of Francis type two-stage pump, high and low- pressure stages runner chambers 2, 3, accommodating high and low-pressure stages runners 21, 22, are communicated through the returning path 23 while a vane 24 and a low-pressure stage movable guide vane 25 are provided in the return path 23. The water discharging pipes 5-7, 29, equipped with the water discharging valves 8-10, 28, are connected between a scroll 1, the high and low-pressure stages runner chambers 2, 3 as well as the return path 23 and a suction pipe 4, connecting the low-pressure stage runner chamber 3 to a water discharging path, respectively. On the other hand, one end of the cooling water pipe 30 interposing a water feeding valve 31 is connected to the return path 23 at the outer periphery of the low-pressure stage movable guide vane 25 while the other end thereof is connected to a penstock 27 at the upstream side of an inlet valve 26.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention provides a method in which each stage from the highest pressure stage to the lowest pressure stage is connected by a return passage, and the highest pressure stage and the lowest pressure stage are connected to each other by a return passage. The present invention relates to a vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine equipped with movable guide vanes and capable of idling each runner, and a method of operating the same.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

Generally, in large hydraulic machines, during phase adjustment operation of pump turbines,
In order to reduce the driving torque of the runner when the pump is started or during pumping standby operation, high-pressure air is supplied to the runner chamber to push down the water in the flow path and cause the runner to idle.

During this idling operation, the movable guide vane is normally fully opened, but in that case, water leaking from the minute gap in the guide vane sticks to the outer periphery of the runner chamber due to the centrifugal force of the runner, and its stirring action causes the runner to As the driving force increases, the runner and its surroundings are heated due to the heat generated due to stirring, causing problems such as expansion and deformation.

As a measure to solve these problems,
□In a hydraulic machine equipped with a single runner chamber, the casing and the suction pipe are connected by a drain pipe, and one end of the cooling water pipe is opened into the runner chamber to drain water in the casing, and the water pipe is provided in the cooling water pipe. An operating method for controlling valves and movable guide vanes has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 118-1989).
573).

In addition, in a vertical shaft multistage hydraulic machine equipped with movable guide vanes only in the highest pressure stage, the spiral casing 1, the highest pressure stage runner chamber 2, and the lowest pressure stage ramp chamber are arranged as shown in Fig. 2. 3, a drain pipe 5 is connected between the suction pipe 4 and
．． 6.7, and the drain valves 8 and 9°10 inserted in these drain pipes, the air supply valves 13 and 14 inserted in the air supply pipes 11 and 12, and the movable guide vane 15. An operating method has been proposed in which the water turbine direction generation operation or pump pumping operation is shifted to the water turbine phase adjustment operation or the idling operation during the pump pumping standby period by controlling '1l-2 (JP-A-57-129269, JP-A-129270). ) Furthermore, 16
indicates a fixed vane, and the numeral numeral is used in the same meaning as the numeral in FIG. 1, which will be described later.

However, as mentioned above, in the vertical shaft multistage hydraulic machine equipped with the movable guide vane 15 only in the highest pressure stage,
Since the flow path from the highest pressure stage to the lowest pressure stage is always in communication, mutual interference occurs between the stages, making operation control difficult.

In a multi-stage hydraulic machine, if a movable guide vane is adopted for each of the highest pressure stage and the lowest pressure stage, the flow path from the highest pressure stage to the lowest pressure stage can be completely closed by the lowest pressure stage movable guide vane. Since the flow path sections can be separated from each other, mutual interference between the flow path sections can be eliminated and stable control can be performed separately.

In this 9-shaft multi-stage hydraulic bridge with movable guide vanes in the highest pressure stage and the lowest pressure stage, when idling operation is carried out with each movable guide vane fully open, for the highest pressure stage, The operation can be controlled in the same way as a conventional vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine that is equipped with a movable guide vane only in the highest pressure stage, but the water that stays in the return passage section divided by the movable guide vane in the lowest pressure stage is Runner's idle A
I) There was a problem in that the return passage section was heated by the hot water falling from the upper stage side and deformed.

However, Ft? '-' Vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machines equipped with movable guide vanes in the pressure stage section and the lowest pressure stage section themselves are technically unexplored in many fields. The current situation is that no accurate B4 system or operating method has been proposed yet.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is used in a vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine equipped with movable guide vanes in the highest pressure stage and the lowest pressure stage. The object of the present invention is to provide a vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine that can suppress the temperature rise in the return passage and perform stable idle operation for a long time when idling, and a method of operating the same.

[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine of the present invention includes a runner housed in a runner blank in each stage from the highest pressure stage to the lowest pressure stage, and In a vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine having movable guide vanes on the inlet sides of the highest pressure stage section and the lowest pressure stage section, the G1 low pressure stage section J'3 and the above one no. One end of a drain pipe equipped with a water valve is opened to discharge the hot water stagnant therein to a return passage communicating between adjacent low pressure stage parts, and the lowest pressure stage part J3 is opened. The cooling water pipe is characterized in that one end of the cooling water pipe provided with a water supply valve for supplying cooling water into the return passage communicating between the lower pressure stage and the adjacent low pressure stage above the lower pressure stage is left open. Moreover, the second aspect of the present invention is provided with a runner housed in a runner chamber in each step from the highest pressure step to the lowest pressure step, and each step is connected by a return passage, and In a vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine having ten movable guide vanes on the inlet sides of the highest pressure stage J3 and the lowest pressure stage, a return passage communicating between the lowest pressure stage and the adjacent low pressure stage above the lowest pressure stage is provided therein. one end of a drain pipe equipped with a drain valve for discharging hot water accumulated in the drain pipe is opened, and cooling water is supplied into a return passage communicating between the lowest pressure stage and the adjacent low pressure stage above the lowest pressure stage. In a vertical shaft multistage hydraulic machine with one end of the cooling water pipe equipped with a water supply valve open, when draining the inside of each stage runner chamber and running each stage runner idly, the lowest pressure stage and the adjacent low pressure stage above it. a drain valve inserted in a drain pipe communicating between the return passage and the suction pipe; When the water supply valve inserted in the Reigetsu 1 water pipe communicating between the return passage and the penstock is opened to cool the return passage, and the detected temperature is 1 or more than a preset specified value; is characterized in that the drain valve and water supply valve are closed.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail by taking the Francis type two-stage pump turbine shown in FIG. 1 as an example.

In FIG. 1, a high-pressure stage runner 21 and a low-pressure stage lamp 22 are fixed on the shaft of a single water turbine main shaft 20 at a predetermined distance in the vertical direction. These runners 21.224
1-cover 2a respectively.

3a, and a high-pressure stage runner chamber 2 consisting of lower covers 2b and 3b.
, housed in the low pressure stage runner 3.

A high-pressure stage movable guide vane 15 whose opening degree can be freely changed is provided on the outside of the high-pressure stage runner 21.

A return passage 2 is located between the high pressure stage runner chamber 2 and the low pressure stage runner chamber 3.
3, and a return vane 24 and a low pressure stage movable guide vane 25 are provided in this return passage.

A spiral casing 1 is disposed outside the high-pressure stage runner chamber 2, and a penstock 27 is connected to the entrance of the spiral via via a large mouth valve 26. Is the flow side of this penstock up? T! ! (I have contacted Shizuzu).

A suction pipe 4 is connected to the low pressure stage runner chamber 3, and its downstream side communicates with a lower pond (not shown) via a discharge channel.

Between the spiral casing 1, the high pressure stage runner chamber 21, the low pressure stage runner chamber 3 and the return passage 23, and the suction pipe 4,
Drain pipe 5 with drain valve 8, 9, 10° 28 for each pile,
6, 7, and 29 are connected to the lower pressure stage movable guide vane 25, and one end of a 't'+'+7Jl water pipe 30 is opened to the return passage 23 located at the outer circumference of the low-pressure stage movable guide vane 25.

This cold 2J] water pipe is equipped with a water supply valve 31 in the middle,
The other end is connected to a penstock 27 on the upstream side of the artificial valve 26 .

The air supply pipe 11 is provided with an air supply valve 13°1/I in the vicinity of the upper end of the suction pipe 4 and in the return passage 23 near the outlet of the high-pressure stage runner 21, respectively. One end of '+2 is not connected.

Further, a temperature detector 32 is attached to the return passage 23 to detect the temperature inside the passage, and a detection signal from this temperature detector is manually inputted to a control device (not shown), and the drain valve 28 is
and controls the water supply valve 31 to open.

Next, a method of operating a two-stage pump turbine according to the present invention configured as a TIHO will be explained.

First, when transitioning from water turbine power generation operation or pump pumping operation state to idling operation in the water turbine direction or pump direction, the low pressure step movable guide vane 25, the high pressure step iJ movable guide vane 15 and the inlet valve 26 are fully opened simultaneously or sequentially. and listen to the air supply valve 14 of the air supply pipe 12 and return the air passage 23.
At the same time, the drain valve 28 of the drain pipe 29 is opened to drain the high pressure stage runner chamber 2, and when the water level reaches a predetermined level in the return passage 23, the drain valve 28 is fully opened. Also, the air supply valve 14 is stopped to stop the air supply.

Meanwhile, at the same time as the air supply from the air supply pipe 12 described above, air supply is started from the air supply pipe 11 above the suction pipe 4, and the low pressure stage runner chamber 3 is drained, so that the water surface reaches a predetermined level in the suction pipe 4. When the level is reached, the air supply valve 13 is closed and the air supply from the air supply pipe 11 is stopped.

As mentioned above, when each runner continues to idle while maintaining the water level in the return passage 23 and the suction pipe 4 at a specified value, the water stagnant in the return passage 23 in particular loses energy due to the centrifugal force of the idling runner. is supplied, and its temperature gradually rises.

In the present invention, the temperature of the water staying in the return passage 23 is detected by the temperature detector 32, and when this temperature becomes higher than a preset specified value, the Control No. 1Δ is output from the control unit 60, and the drain valve 28 and water supply valve 31 are activated to discharge the dry water accumulated in the return passage, and at the same time discharge the cold JJ1 water at the product temperature in the penstock 27. The cold fJl is supplied and returned through the passage 23. Also, if the detection signal from the temperature detector 32 is below the specified value,
), the drain valve 28 and the water supply valve 31 are closed by the output from the control device.

According to the present invention, the accumulated water in the return passage heated by the idling energy of the runner is drained through the cultivation pipe, and the cooled water from the penstock is drained. J] Cool the water and supply it into the return passage through the water pipe. Tongue II/J
＋l°It's possible to do something.

', ; Jj, hereafter, the second explanation has been given as an example of applying the present invention to a one- and two-stage Francis type pump-turbine, but the present invention is not limited to this. Of course, it can be applied to any number of machines with three or more chamber-axis multi-stage hydraulics.

In addition, in the case of the above-mentioned two-stage pump-turbine, the "highest pressure stage" and "lowest pressure stage" in the claims refer to the "high pressure stage" and "low pressure stage" shown in FIG. means, and also “
The term "low pressure stage adjacent above the lowest pressure stage" is taken to mean the "highest pressure stage".

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the Shinjo multi-stage hydraulic machine of the present invention, it is possible to operate the water turbine in phase adjustment and pump up water for a long period of time, and it is possible to smoothly and safely shift to the operation of the water turbine or the pump. .

In addition, when detecting the temperature of the return passage and controlling the discharge of hot water stored in the return passage and the supply of cooling water based on this detection signal, it is necessary to
It is possible and reasonable to do so without wasting cold water.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage 7-Rancis type pump-turbine showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows a conventional two-stage Francis type pump in water. It is a KI configuration diagram. 1...F-roll casing, 2.3...Run bold, 4
... Suction pipe, b, 6, 7.29... Drain pipe, 8゜9.10.28... Drain valve, 11.12... Air supply pipe, 13.14... Air supply valve , 15.25... Movable guide vane, 16... Fixed kite vane, 20... Water turbine main shaft, 21... High pressure stage runner, 22... Low pressure stage run exit, 23... Return passage, 24 ... Return feather, 26
... Inlet valve, 27 ... Water pressure yN pipe, 30 ... Cooling water pipe, 31 ... Water supply valve, 32 ... Temperature detector. Applicant's Representative Ino Mata Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Each stage from the highest pressure stage to the lowest pressure stage is provided with a runner housed in a lamp chamber, each stage is connected by a return passage, and the highest pressure In a vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine equipped with a movable guide vane on the inlet side of a step and a lowest pressure step, a return passage communicating between the lowest pressure step and an adjacent low pressure step above the lowest pressure step has a Open one end of the drain pipe equipped with a drain valve to discharge hot water,
and a vertical shaft, characterized in that one end of a cooling water pipe provided with a water supply valve for supplying cooling water is opened in a return passage communicating between the lowest pressure stage and the low pressure stage adjacent above the lowest pressure stage. Multi-stage hydraulic machine. 2. The other end of the drain pipe is connected to the suction pipe, and the other end of the cooling water pipe is connected to the penstock on the upstream side of the water supply valve of the spiral casing. The chamber-shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine described in item 1. 3. The return passage connecting the lowest pressure stage and the adjacent low pressure stage above it is equipped with a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the water staying there, and the detection signal is used to send signals from the control device. , an open/close signal is sent to the drain valve inserted in the drain pipe that communicates between the return passage and the suction pipe that communicate between the lowest pressure stage and the low pressure stage adjacent above it, and the water supply valve inserted in the cooling water pipe. A vertical shaft multistage hydraulic machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vertical shaft multistage hydraulic machine is configured to output. 4. Each stage from the highest pressure stage to the lowest pressure stage is provided with a runner housed in a runner chamber, each stage is connected by a return passage, and the highest pressure stage and the lowest pressure stage are connected to each other by a return passage. In a vertical shaft multi-stage hydraulic machine equipped with a movable guide vane on the inlet side of a section, a drain valve for discharging hot water stagnant therein to a return passage communicating between the lowest pressure stage section and a low pressure stage adjacent above the lowest pressure stage section. Open one end of the drain pipe equipped with
and a vertical shaft multistage, characterized in that one end of a cooling water pipe equipped with a water supply valve that supplies cooling water into a return passage communicating between the lowest pressure stage and the low pressure stage adjacent above the lowest pressure stage is opened. In a hydraulic machine, when draining the inside of each stage runner chamber and idling each stage runner, the temperature of the return passage connecting between the lowest pressure stage and the adjacent low pressure stage above it is detected, When this detected temperature exceeds a preset specified value, a drain valve inserted in a drain pipe communicating between the return passage and the suction pipe and a cooling water pipe communicating between the return passage and the penstock are activated. A chamber shaft multistage hydraulic power plant characterized in that the inserted water supply valve is opened to cool the return passage section, and when the detected temperature is below a preset specified value, the drain valve and the water supply valve are closed. How to operate the machine.