JPS61100343A - Automatic tool changer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the time required for assembling, adjustment and maintenance reducible, by performing a tool change at an optional position of a cross beam in combination with electrical control, in the case where a tool magazine and the cross beam are separated. CONSTITUTION:A tool change is carried out with a subarm 32 driven, after a pot 61, where subjected tools are pun in, is moved to a position of the subarm 32, in a way of getting a conveyor chain 64 drive for conveyance by a magazine drive motor 62. When a cross beam 3 is locked at an optional position, a travel of the conveyor chain 64 is detected by a magazine position detector 40 coupled with a rotary shaft of the drive motor 62. Therefore, a magazine position detection value at a time when each pot 61 comes to a position of the subarm 32 is stored in advance, and according to this stored value, each pot 61 is designated whereby the optional pot is able to be moved to the position of the subarm 32.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Technical Aspect 5'F of the Invention) The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer for a machine tool in which a tool magazine and a crossbeam have a separate structure. The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer that enables tool change at the same position.

(Technical background of the invention and its problems) Figure 1 shows the schematic configuration of a machine tool in which the cutting tool machine 6 and the crossbeam 3 are separated, and the tool TL is installed during one operation. A main shaft 1 is connected to a main shaft hent 2, and is moved up and down by a drive device (not shown). The spindle head 2 is adapted to be moved horizontally on the crossbeam 3 by means of a silent drive. The entire horizontal beam @3 is supported by a plurality of vertically installed columns 4, and the horizontal beam 3 can move up and down via the columns 4, and this vertical movement and the horizontal beam of the spindle head 2 The tool TL mounted on the spindle 1 is moved by the horizontal movement on the top 3 and the -L downward movement of the spindle position, and the workpiece 7 placed a on the table 5 is machined. In addition, a magazine 6 for storing a plurality of types of tools to be mounted on the main spindle l is provided independently on the side surface of the machine tool body, and any tool can be selected from the crossbeam 3 side and mounted on the main spindle l. The tools 8 are aligned so that they can be automatically attached to the
1 can be moved by a rotating mechanism.

Here, the structure of the connecting part between the magazine 6 and the machine tool main body is as shown in Figure jfJ2, and each tool in the magazine 6 is stored in a pot 61 and rotated in a circular manner. It is loaded onto the conveyor chain 64 which is . The conveyance check 764 is driven by the magazine drive motor 62 via the gear box 63, so that the position of the bontro 1 can be moved up and down on the crossbeam 3 side. On the other hand, the crossbeam 3 is screwed and fixed to a screw shaft 73, and by rotating the screw shaft 73 with a motor 72, the crossbeam 3 is raised and lowered in the vertical direction. The position is determined by the sub-arm position detector 71 connected to the motor 72.
It is now detected by Further, a sub-arm 32 is protruded from the crossbeam 3, and a tool is taken out from a pot 61 in the machine/6 located at 1'1''1 opposite to the sub-arm 32, and the tool is placed in a predetermined position on the main shaft 1. Roughly speaking, the rotation of the motor 62 is designed to drive a chain 75 installed between gears 80 to 84 via a chain wheel, and the rotation of the gear 83 is supported by a shaft. The chain 75
, that is, the relative movement amount between the rotating position of the magazine 6 and the crossbeam 3. In addition, gear 8
3 and gears 33 to 35 are pivotally supported by the crossbeam 3.

In such a configuration, a method for exchanging tools at an arbitrary position 1S of the crossbeam 3 will be explained. Tool exchange is carried out by a magazine drive motor 62 via a gearbox 63 and a conveyor chain 8.
This is done by driving the sub-arm 32, after which the bowl 81 containing the target tool is moved one step to a position opposite the sub-arm 32 which is stopped at a predetermined position. First, considering the case where the cross beam 3 is fixed, the drive of the conveyor chain 64 is transmitted to the magazine position detector 31 by the chains 74, 75 and the gears 33 to 35, and the magazine position detector 31 detects the drive of the conveyor chain 64. The amount of movement is detected.

therefore,! Each port □a) is driven by the feed chain 64.
81 or 1lllli to the position of the next sub-arm 32. Therefore, if the detection value of the magazine position detector 31 is written in advance as an address in association with each tool, then any pot 81 can be moved to the sub-arm by specifying that address. 3
It can be moved to the second position, which allows for 11 tools to be exchanged with any tool.

Next, let us consider the case where the conveyor nae 84 stops and the crossbeam 3 moves. For example, when the position of the sub-arm 32 protruding from the crossbeam 3 is [from the multi-water crossbeam origin WO to LL, the magazine position is detected. Assume that the detected value of the tool 31 is "900", and further assume that the pot TO+ is in a position facing the sub-arm 32 and can be replaced with the tool in the bond T01. When the crossbeam 3 moves up and down in this state, the gear 83 rotates accordingly, and the magazine position difference detection unit 31 is also rotated via the gears 33 to 35, so that the detected value changes. For example, the degree position of the sub-arm 32 of the crossbeam 3 is the crossbeam origin buttock 0.
The magazine position difference detector 31 has moved to a distance of L2 from
Suppose that the detected value of is 600°. In this case, in order to move the pot T01 to the position of the sub-arm 32 so that it can be replaced with the tool in the TOI, the detection 6ti of the magazine position detector 31 must be "300".
The magazine drive motor 62 is controlled so that That is, in such a tool changer, each pot, 61
The detection value of the magazine position detector 31 when the magazine position detector 31 reaches the position of the sub-arm 32 becomes a constant value regardless of the position of the crossbeam 3. Therefore, even when the position of the crossbeam 3 moves up and down, the position of the magazine position detector 31 when each pot 61 comes to the position of the sub-arm 32 is the same as when the position of the crossbeam 3 is fixed. If the detected value is stored in advance as an address, any desired bore 61 can be moved to the position of the sub-arm 32 by specifying the address.

As mentioned above, the chain 74.75 on the crossbeam 3 side,
According to the automatic tool changer, which is equipped with gears 33 to 35 and a magazine position detector 31, the magazine 6 and the crossbeam 3 can be separated from each other; tools can be changed at any position on the crossbeam 3. can be made possible. However, there are problems in that the above-mentioned tool exchange and installation is complicated, the cost of parts is high, and a large amount of time is spent on adjustment and maintenance.

(Object of the invention) This invention was made under the above circumstances,
In an automatic tool changer in which the tool magazine and crossbeam are separated, tools can be changed at any position on the crossbeam using electrical control without using a complicated mechanism, reducing parts costs and making adjustments and maintenance possible. The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic tool changer that does not require much effort.

(Summary of the Invention) The present invention relates to a mechanism for enabling tool exchange at any position on the cross beam in an automatic tool changer for a machine tool in which the tool magazine and the cross beam are separated. , the tool can be changed at any position on the crossbeam without using a complicated mechanism and in combination with electric control.

(Embodiment of the Invention) FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which the automatic tool changer shown in FIG. The chains 74, 75 and gears 33 to 35 are removed, and the rotation of the magazine drive motor 62 is transmitted to a magazine position detector 40 such as a rotary encoder.

In such a configuration, a method for exchanging tools at any position on the crossbeam 3 will be explained. Tool exchange is carried out by a magazine drive motor 62 using a transport chain 1 noro 4
After moving the pot 61 containing the target tool to the position of the sub-arm 32, the sub-arm 32 is driven. First, considering the case where the crossbeam 3 is fixed, the conveyor chain 64
The amount of movement is detected by the canon position detector 40, which is connected to the rotating shaft of the magazine drive motor 62. Therefore, by storing in advance the detection value of the magazine position detector 40 when each pot 61 comes to the position of the sub-arm 32, and specifying the box 61 according to this stored value, any pot can be moved to the sub-arm 32. Any tool can be attached to the sub-arm 32, and the tool TL attached to the main spindle 1 can be exchanged with the tool TL.

Next, consider the case where the crossbeam 3 moves.0 For example, the position of the sub-arm 32 of the crossbeam 3 is a distance Ll from the crossbeam origin lll0.
When the detection value of the sub-arm position detector 71 is 300°
At ', the detection value of the magazine position detector 40 is '550.
At this time, it is assumed that the bond T (II) is at a position opposite the sub-arm 32 and can be replaced with the tool in the TQl. In this state, the crossbeam 3 is driven up and down. Then, the detection value of the sub-arm 1rg detector ?■ changes.

For example, when the position of the sub-arm 32 of the crossbeam 3 moves from the Jft girder origin WO to L2, the sub-arm position detector 71
Suppose that the detected value of is 600". In this case, in order to be able to replace the tool with the tool in pot TO1 as described above,
To move pot 701 to the sub-arm position,
Detection of magazine position detector 40 (direction is 55G-300-
The magazine drive motor 62 is controlled so that the value becomes "25 (1").Here, the above-mentioned numerical value of "'300"' is
It means x'= of 9GO'' and 600''. That is, in this device, if the detection value of the magazine position detector 40 of the magazine 6 is A, and the detection value of the sub-arm position detector 71 (fi is B), each pot 61 is connected to the sub-arm 3.
The value of A-8 for the case where it comes to the position 2 becomes a constant A1, which is independent of the position of the crossbeam 3. In the above example, in order to move the pot TOI to the position of the sub-arm 32, the magazine drive motor 62 is controlled so that the value of A-H becomes "350". Therefore, an iE circuit (subtraction circuit) is provided to calculate the value of A-8, and in the same way as when the position of crossbeam 3 is fixed, when 3bo + and Toro 1 come to the position of sub arm 32, By storing "A-8" in advance and creating a table, it is possible to freely move any 7f boat 61 to the position of the sub arm 32.

Here, as an electric circuit for calculating the difference A-8 between the detection value A of the magazine position detector 40 and the detection (p'iB) of the sub-arm position detector 71, an analog circuit consisting of an operational amplifier '9, A digital circuit consisting of a logic circuit such as TTL, or a software circuit using a microcomputer can be used.

(Effects of the Invention) As described in 1-1 below, according to the present invention, as a mechanism for enabling tool exchange at any position on the crossbeam, an electric circuit is used without using a complicated mechanically realized mechanism. Since 1' is used in combination, the mechanism can be significantly simplified compared to the previous structure. As a result, parts costs can be reduced, assembly, adjustment and maintenance times can be shortened, and the mechanism has been simplified, so failure rates can also be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional automatic tool changer, and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic tool changer of the present invention. be. l...Main shaft, 2...Main shaft head, 3...Horizontal beam, 4
...Column, 5...Table, 6...Magazine,
61...Pot, 82.72...Motor, 31.4
0...Magazine position detector, 71...Sub arm position detector, 74°75...Chain.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an automatic tool changer for a machine tool having a structure in which a tool magazine and a cross beam are separated and tools are exchanged via a sub-arm protruding from the cross beam, the tool position of the tool magazine is determined. a magazine position detector provided on the tool magazine for detection; a sub-arm position detector provided on the cross beam for detecting one of the sub-arms; the magazine position detector and the sub-arm position detector. An automatic tool changer characterized by comprising: calculation means for calculating the difference between each detected value.