JPS609598Y2 - High temperature shell heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a high-temperature shell heat exchanger, and particularly to a heat exchanger suitable as a countermeasure against seizing of tie rods and tightening nuts caused by splitting a shell container.

The first structural example of a conventional general high-temperature shell heat exchanger is
As shown in the figure.

This conventional heat exchanger has a shell container 10 that is open at one end and has a long cylindrical shape.

A plurality of tubes 12 are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the shell container 10.

This tube 12 is supported at both ends by a tube sheet 14 and a floating tube sheet 16.

One tube sheet 14 is integrally formed with the shell container 10 to partition the inside of the shell container 10, and the partitioned chamber is used as a high temperature fluid introduction chamber 18.

The other floating tube sheet 16 is supported at a position protruding from the open end side of the shell container 10, and has an outlet chamber 2 between it and a partition wall 20 attached to the outer surface side.
It takes the form of 2.

Therefore, the high temperature fluid flows through the tube 12 from the introduction chamber 18 to the outlet chamber 22, and is cooled while flowing through the tube 12.

Further, the outlet chamber 2 is provided at the open end of the shell container 10.
A shell cover 24 is attached to cover the shell container 10, and the shell cover 24 and the shell container 10 are connected to each other by a flange joint 26.

A baffle plate 28 is further attached inside such a container body in a direction transverse to the tube 12.

A plurality of baffle plates 28 are installed at regular intervals along the axial direction of the tube 12, and alternately form a flow path between the baffle plates 28 and the shell container 10, and cause the heat exchange medium to meander within the shell container 10. It is set up so that it will flow smoothly.

The baffle plates 28 are connected to each other by tie rods 30 so as not to change their set positions, and spacers 32 are installed between adjacent baffle plates 28 to maintain the distance between them.

By the way, in this type of heat exchanger, the high temperature fluid
When the temperature reaches about 00 to 800°C, the temperature gradient while flowing through the tube 12 is as shown in FIG. 2, and the temperature in the outlet chamber 22 is cooled to about 400 to 500°C.

Therefore, in this type of heat exchanger, the flange joint 26, which is the joining part between the shell container 10 and the shell cover 24, is placed close to the floating tube sheet 16 on the low temperature side so that the seal part is not affected by heat. It is set in the position.

For the same reason, the end of the tie rod 30 is set at a position corresponding to the flange joint 26 when tightened with a nut.

In such a conventional heat exchanger, even if the shell cover 24 is removed, substantially the entire area of the tube 12 is covered by the shell container 10 and is in a sealed state, so the shell container 10 itself is divided on the high temperature side, It is desired to enable internal cleaning.

However, with the waist-split structure, the tie rods that fasten the baffle plates must also be split, but since the tightening nuts that are screwed onto the tie rod ends are located in a high temperature range, this part may seize. There is a problem with it.

If such seizure occurs, the entire tie rod must be replaced, resulting in an extremely uneconomical structure.

The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned conventional problems and takes measures to prevent seizure of tie rods and tightening nuts caused by dividing the shell container on the high temperature side in order to enable cleaning of the tube located inside the shell container. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-temperature shell heat exchanger that can increase the utilization rate of tie rods by taking appropriate measures.

In order to achieve the above object, the high-temperature shell heat exchanger according to the present invention is provided with a high-temperature fluid distribution tube inside the shell container and a plurality of baffle plates for meandering the flow of the heat exchange medium. In the high-temperature shell heat exchanger that is installed, a flange joint that divides the shell container is provided on the high-temperature region side corresponding to the allowable temperature limit of the gasket interposed in the joint, and this divided high-temperature region side The baffle plates arranged on the high temperature region side and the baffle plates arranged on the low temperature region side are connected and fixed by independent tie rods, and at least the tie rod on the high temperature region side is equipped with a pair of spacers that bisect the distance between the adjacent baffle plates. In addition, the tie rod on the high temperature region side of the divided portion is extended to the low temperature region side, and a spacer is attached to this extended portion and fixed with a nut.

With this configuration, the shell container is divided at the flange joint provided on the high temperature side, and the baffle plate is moved to the low temperature side to expose the tube, making it possible to clean the tube. The tightening nut that is screwed onto the end part is connected to the extended part through a spacer, so
If seizure occurs, cut the rod at the seizure area,
By cutting the spacer to a corresponding length, it is possible to shorten the spacer and still perform the same tightening action.

Therefore, since a sufficient cutting allowance is secured, the replacement rate of tie rods can be significantly reduced as a countermeasure against seizure.

Embodiments of the high-temperature shell heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

It should be noted that the same configurations as those of the above-mentioned conventional example are given the same numbers and their explanations will be omitted.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the high temperature shell heat exchanger according to this embodiment.

As shown in this figure, the heat exchanger according to this example is
The shell container 10 is divided into a high temperature region container body 34 and a low temperature region container body 36.
It is divided into two parts.

That is, the shell container 10 is formed with a flange 26A that connects the shell cover 24;
A flange joint 38 is provided separately from A and close to the high temperature area.

This flange joint 38 consists of a flange 38A provided at the end of the high temperature range container body 34 and a flange 38B provided at the low temperature range container body 36, and when the two butt, a gasket 4 is attached to the surface.
The bolts are tightened with 0 interposed.

Here, the setting position of the flange joint 38 is determined as follows.

The temperature of the high-temperature fluid flowing into the heat exchanger is roughly determined by its supply source, and is
The temperature gradient of the high-temperature fluid in the tube 12 leading to the tube 12 exhibits a substantially constant tendency, forming a gradient line as shown in FIG.

Here, in the shell container 10 having a split structure, the reliability of the seal is due to the reliability of the gasket 40 used at the split surface, that is, the flange joint 38.

Therefore, the gasket 40 is made of a heat-resistant material and is set at a position as close to the high temperature range as possible to the allowable temperature limit position of the gasket 40.

In this embodiment, a stainless steel metal gasket is used as the gasket 40, and since the permissible temperature is 600°C, the flange joint 38 is set at a position corresponding to 600'C on the temperature gradient curve (Fig. 2). .

Therefore, the flange joint 38 is provided on the high temperature range side corresponding to the allowable temperature limit of the gasket 40, and the shell container 10 is made into a divided structure while ensuring seal reliability.

Furthermore, since the shell container 10 is divided, there are a plurality of baffle plates 28A inside the high temperature region container body 34.
are arranged, and a plurality of baffle plates 28B are similarly arranged inside the low temperature region container body 36.

Therefore, the baffle plates 28A located inside the high temperature range container body 34 and the baffle plates 28B located inside the low temperature range container body 36 are connected and fixed by independent tie rods 42 and 44, respectively.

That is, within the high-temperature region container body 34, the plurality of baffle plates 28A are tightly connected using tie rods 42 passed through in the same direction as the tubes 12, while maintaining the spacing by spacers 46.

This concrete structure is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, tie rods 42 coupled to tube sheet 14 extend through baffle plate 28A to a position where flange joint 38 is formed.

This tie rod 40 is provided with a spacer 46 to maintain a constant distance between the baffle plates 28A, and this spacer 46 is formed from a pair of spacers 46A and 46B that divides the distance between the baffle plates 28A into two. It is something that

This spacer 46A allows the baffle plate 28 to
A will be stably held at the set position.

This makes it possible to form a meandering flow of the heat exchange medium.

Here, in this embodiment, in particular, one end of the tie rod 42 that fastens the baffle plate 28A in the high temperature range container body 34 is fixed to the tube sheet 14, but the tip located at the flange joint 38 is placed on the high temperature range side. It is made to protrude further than the final baffle plate 28A and extend toward the low temperature region side.

It is desirable that the protruding length of the tie rod 42 is formed as long as possible, but when the high temperature region side baffle plate 28A is drawn toward the low temperature region side as shown in FIG. 5 during internal cleaning, the end of the tie rod 42 and the The space between the baffle plate 28A and the split spacer 46A.

It is necessary to make the protrusion length such that 46B becomes a removable gap.

Therefore, by making the spacer 46 into two or more divided pieces, the protruding length of the tie rod 42 can be made longer.

Further, a screw 48 is provided over the entire length of the protruding portion of the tie rod 42 .

In addition to the spacers 46A and 46B for maintaining the distance between the baffle plates 28A, a spacer 50 is attached to the tie rod 42 only at the protruding portion 3.

This spacer 50 is formed to be slightly shorter than the protruding length of the tie rod 42, surrounds the screw 48, and exposes a part of the tip of the tie rod 42. A double nut 52 is screwed into the part, and the baffle is attached through the spacer 50. plate 2
This is what makes 8A tighten.

On the other hand, the baffle plate 28B disposed inside the low-temperature region container body 36 uses a spacer 32 having a length corresponding to the baffle plate spacing, as in the conventional case, so that tie rods protrude from the baffle plates 28B at both ends while maintaining the spacing. A double nut 54 is screwed onto the tip of the baffle plate 28B to support it on the surface of the baffle plate 28B.

According to the high-temperature shell heat exchanger according to the present embodiment configured as described above, cleaning of the tubes 12 inside the shell container is possible because the shell container 10 has a divided structure. This makes it possible to take extremely effective measures against seizure of tie rods.

That is, in order to perform internal cleaning, the low temperature range container body 36 is divided in advance at the flange joint 38 position and removed.

Then, remove the double nut 52 of the tie rod 42 on the high temperature range container body 34 side, and remove the spacer 50.

At this time, in order to easily remove the nut 52,
Tie rod 44 on the low temperature side and tie rod 42 on the high temperature side
What is necessary is to make it eccentric as shown in the figure.

After that, using the tube 12 as a guide, the baffle plate 28A is pulled toward the low temperature region side, and the spacers 46A, 4
By removing the tube 6B, the state shown in FIG. 5 is achieved, and the tube 12 of the high temperature range container body 34 is exposed and can be cleaned.

Here, since the threaded portion between the tie rod 42 and the nut 52 on the high temperature range side is exposed to high temperature, both may seize due to the heat.

If such seizing occurs, cut off the tip of the tie rod 42 only in the seized portion, shorten the spacer 50 attached to the protruding portion, and use a new nut to stop the baffle plate 28A. All you have to do is get dressed.

This cutting shortens the tie rod 42, but the screw 4
8 extends over the entire length of the protrusion, the fastening function remains the same as before cutting.

However, since the protruding length of the tie rod 42 is formed to be sufficiently long and the threaded portion of the nut 52 is extremely small, the cut length at the time of seizure can be small, and as a result, seizure to the same extent as W occurs. However, it can be reused.

As described above, according to this embodiment, even if the tie rod 42 and the nut 52 seize, a sufficient cutting allowance is secured, so that the problem can be dealt with by cutting only the seize portion, and the tie rod 42 and the nut 52 can be seized.
The entire replacement of 2 is unnecessary.

Therefore, there are advantages in that a sufficient lifespan of the members can be ensured and maintenance is easy.

As explained above, according to the present invention, even if seizing occurs between the tie rod and the tightening nut, it can be dealt with by cutting the seized portion without replacing the tie rod, thereby improving the life of the member. In addition, the present invention has excellent effects in that it is possible to divide the shell container in a high temperature range and to have a structure suitable for cleaning the inside of the shell container.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional high-temperature shell heat exchanger;
The figure is a temperature gradient diagram of the heat exchanger, Figure 3 is a sectional view of the high-temperature shell heat exchanger according to this embodiment, Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the same main part, and Figure 5 is movement of the baffle plate. It is a sectional view showing a state. 10...Shell container, 12...Tube, 24...Shell cover, 26.38...
...Flange joint, 28.28A, 28B...
・Baffle plate, 30, 42, 44...Tie rod, 32, 46.46A, 46B, 50...
...Spacer, 34...High temperature range container body, 36.
...Low temperature range container body, 40 ... Gasket, 48 ... Screw, 52 ... Nut.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a high-temperature shell-type heat exchanger that has a high-temperature fluid distribution tube disposed inside the shell container and a plurality of baffle plates that meander through the heat exchange medium, the flange joint that divides the shell container is The tie rods are installed on the high temperature side corresponding to the allowable temperature limit of the gasket interposed in the joint, and the baffle plates placed on the divided high temperature side and the baffle plates placed on the low temperature side are each independent of each other. At least attach a pair of spacers to the tie rod on the high temperature region side to divide the gap between adjacent baffle plates into two, and extend the tie rod on the high temperature region side to the low temperature region side at the split part. A high-temperature shell heat exchanger characterized by a spacer attached to the part and secured with a nut.